NeuroSci最新文献_第9页

Optical Coherence Tomography to Monitor Rebound Intracranial Hypertension with Increased Papilledema after Lumbar Puncture 光学相干断层扫描监测腰椎穿刺后反弹性颅内高压伴乳头水肿增加

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2021-10-09 DOI: 10.3390/neurosci2040024

Y. Huang-Link, P. Mirabelli, Ge Yang, A. Eleftheriou, H. Link

{"title":"Optical Coherence Tomography to Monitor Rebound Intracranial Hypertension with Increased Papilledema after Lumbar Puncture","authors":"Y. Huang-Link, P. Mirabelli, Ge Yang, A. Eleftheriou, H. Link","doi":"10.3390/neurosci2040024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/neurosci2040024","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We report that lumbar puncture (LP) with removal of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) induced rebound intracranial hypertension with increased papilledema as monitored by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Background: Severe papilledema causes visual field loss and central vision damage if untreated. Fundoscopy is a key to diagnose papilledema, but is not sensitive enough to monitor therapeutic effects. Methods: OCT was applied to follow a 24-year-old woman with headache, visual dysfunction, severe bilateral papilledema, and elevated CSF opening pressure. She was first treated with serial LP, which led to symptom deterioration, increased CSF pressure, and increased the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. She was then successfully treated with acetazolamide and furosemide. Results: OCT showed reduction of RNFL thickness directly after LP with CSF removal, accompanied with reduced CSF pressure. Increased RNFL thickness accompanied with worsened headache, visual dysfunction, and increased CSF pressure was observed on the next day after LP. Less than 24 h after start of medication, the symptoms had reversed and RNFL thickness was reduced. The patient was symptom-free 2 weeks after starting on medical treatment. Papilledema had vanished on fundoscopy 6 weeks after the therapy, and RNFL thickness was normalized at 3 months of follow-up. Conclusion: This case provides evidence that OCT is an objective and sensitive tool to monitor papilledema and its response to therapy, and thereby important to help in correct clinical decision-making.","PeriodicalId":74294,"journal":{"name":"NeuroSci","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86272023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuroprotective Effects of Resveratrol in Ischemic Brain Injury 白藜芦醇对缺血性脑损伤的神经保护作用

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.3390/neurosci2030022

Noelia D Machado, Gorka Villena Armas, M. A. Fernández, S. Grijalvo, D. Díaz Díaz

{"title":"Neuroprotective Effects of Resveratrol in Ischemic Brain Injury","authors":"Noelia D Machado, Gorka Villena Armas, M. A. Fernández, S. Grijalvo, D. Díaz Díaz","doi":"10.3390/neurosci2030022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/neurosci2030022","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral ischemia represents the third cause of death and the first cause of disability in adults. This process results from decreasing cerebral blood flow levels as a result of the occlusion of a major cerebral artery. This restriction in blood supply generates low levels of oxygen and glucose, which leads to a decrease in the energy metabolism of the cell, producing inflammation, and finally, neurological deterioration. Currently, blood restoration of flow is the only effective approach as a therapy in terms of ischemic stroke. However, a significant number of patients still have a poor prognosis, probably owing to the increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the reperfusion of damaged tissue. Oxidative stress and inflammation can be avoided by modulating mitochondrial function and have been identified as potential targets for the treatment of cerebral ischemia. In recent years, the beneficial actions of flavonoids and polyphenols against cerebrovascular diseases have been extensively investigated. The use of resveratrol (RSV) has been shown to markedly decrease brain damage caused by ischemia in numerous studies. According to in vitro and in vivo experiments, there is growing evidence that RSV is involved in several pathways, including cAMP/AMPK/SIRT1 regulation, JAK/ERK/STAT signaling pathway modulation, TLR4 signal transduction regulation, gut/brain axis modulation, GLUT3 up-regulation inhibition, neuronal autophagy activation, and de novo SUR1 expression inhibition. In this review, we summarize the recent outcomes based on the neuroprotective effect of RSV itself and RSV-loaded nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo models focusing on such mechanisms of action as well as describing the potential therapeutic strategies in which RSV plays an active role in cases of ischemic brain injury.","PeriodicalId":74294,"journal":{"name":"NeuroSci","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87944396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Electromagnetic Will 电磁意志

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2021-08-29 DOI: 10.3390/neurosci2030021

J. McFadden

引用次数: 7

Octopus Consciousness: The Role of Perceptual Richness 章鱼意识:知觉丰富性的作用

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2021-08-12 DOI: 10.3390/neurosci2030020

J. Mather

{"title":"Octopus Consciousness: The Role of Perceptual Richness","authors":"J. Mather","doi":"10.3390/neurosci2030020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/neurosci2030020","url":null,"abstract":"It is always difficult to even advance possible dimensions of consciousness, but Birch et al., 2020 have suggested four possible dimensions and this review discusses the first, perceptual richness, with relation to octopuses. They advance acuity, bandwidth, and categorization power as possible components. It is first necessary to realize that sensory richness does not automatically lead to perceptual richness and this capacity may not be accessed by consciousness. Octopuses do not discriminate light wavelength frequency (color) but rather its plane of polarization, a dimension that we do not understand. Their eyes are laterally placed on the head, leading to monocular vision and head movements that give a sequential rather than simultaneous view of items, possibly consciously planned. Details of control of the rich sensorimotor system of the arms, with 3/5 of the neurons of the nervous system, may normally not be accessed to the brain and thus to consciousness. The chromatophore-based skin appearance system is likely open loop, and not available to the octopus’ vision. Conversely, in a laboratory situation that is not ecologically valid for the octopus, learning about shapes and extents of visual figures was extensive and flexible, likely consciously planned. Similarly, octopuses’ local place in and navigation around space can be guided by light polarization plane and visual landmark location and is learned and monitored. The complex array of chemical cues delivered by water and on surfaces does not fit neatly into the components above and has barely been tested but might easily be described as perceptually rich. The octopus’ curiosity and drive to investigate and gain more information may mean that, apart from richness of any stimulus situation, they are consciously driven to seek out more information. This review suggests that cephalopods may not have a similar type of intelligence as the ‘higher’ vertebrates, they may not have similar dimensions or contents of consciousness, but that such a capacity is present nevertheless.","PeriodicalId":74294,"journal":{"name":"NeuroSci","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78829362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Personality Profile and Low Back Pain: Are Clinicians Missing an Important Factor That Influences Pain Perception and Treatment Options? 性格特征与腰痛:临床医生是否遗漏了影响疼痛感知和治疗选择的重要因素?

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2021-08-05 DOI: 10.3390/neurosci2030019

W. Hanney, Travis Smith, Chandler Shiley, Josh Howe, M. Kolber, P. Salamh

引用次数: 3

Treating Traumatic Brain Injuries with Electroceuticals: Implications for the Neuroanatomy of Consciousness 用电疗法治疗创伤性脑损伤:对意识神经解剖学的启示

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.3390/neurosci2030018

Jihad Aburas, Areej Aziz, M. Butt, Angela Leschinsky, Marsha L. Pierce

{"title":"Treating Traumatic Brain Injuries with Electroceuticals: Implications for the Neuroanatomy of Consciousness","authors":"Jihad Aburas, Areej Aziz, M. Butt, Angela Leschinsky, Marsha L. Pierce","doi":"10.3390/neurosci2030018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/neurosci2030018","url":null,"abstract":"According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of loss of consciousness, long-term disability, and death in children and young adults (age 1 to 44). Currently, there are no United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved pharmacological treatments for post-TBI regeneration and recovery, particularly related to permanent disability and level of consciousness. In some cases, long-term disorders of consciousness (DoC) exist, including the vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (VS/UWS) characterized by the exhibition of reflexive behaviors only or a minimally conscious state (MCS) with few purposeful movements and reflexive behaviors. Electroceuticals, including non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), and deep brain stimulation (DBS) have proved efficacious in some patients with TBI and DoC. In this review, we examine how electroceuticals have improved our understanding of the neuroanatomy of consciousness. However, the level of improvements in general arousal or basic bodily and visual pursuit that constitute clinically meaningful recovery on the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) remain undefined. Nevertheless, these advancements demonstrate the importance of the vagal nerve, thalamus, reticular activating system, and cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical loop in the process of consciousness recovery.","PeriodicalId":74294,"journal":{"name":"NeuroSci","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77368120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Fluoroquinolones-Associated Disability: It Is Not All in Your Head 氟喹诺酮类药物相关的残疾:不全在你的头脑中

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2021-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/NEUROSCI2030017

Maya Z Freeman, Deanna N. Cannizzaro, Lydia F Naughton, C. Bove

引用次数: 7

A Dual Mind Approach to Understanding the Conscious Self and Its Treatment 理解意识自我及其治疗的双重思维方法

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2021-06-09 DOI: 10.3390/NEUROSCI2020016

F. Schiffer

引用次数: 5

Chanwuyi Lifestyle Medicine Program Alleviates Immunological Deviation and Improves Behaviors in Autism “禅五一”生活方式药物计划减轻自闭症患者的免疫偏差，改善其行为

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2021-06-07 DOI: 10.3390/NEUROSCI2020015

A. Chan, Yvonne M. Y. Han, S. L. Sze, C. Wong, I. Chu, M. Cheung

{"title":"Chanwuyi Lifestyle Medicine Program Alleviates Immunological Deviation and Improves Behaviors in Autism","authors":"A. Chan, Yvonne M. Y. Han, S. L. Sze, C. Wong, I. Chu, M. Cheung","doi":"10.3390/NEUROSCI2020015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/NEUROSCI2020015","url":null,"abstract":"Given the association between deviated inflammatory chemokines, the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and our previous findings of the Chanwuyi Lifestyle Medicine Program regarding improved cognitive and behavioral problems in ASD, the present study aims to explore if this intervention can alter pro-inflammatory chemokines concentration. Thirty-two boys with ASD were assigned to the experimental group receiving the Chanwuyi Lifestyle Medicine Program for 7 months or the control group without a change in their lifestyle. The experimental group, but not the control group, demonstrated significantly reduced CCL2 and CXCL8, a trend of reduction in CCL5, and elevation of CXCL9. The experimental group also demonstrated significantly reduced social communication problems, repetitive/stereotypic behaviors, and hyperactive behaviors. The present findings support the potential efficacy and applicability of the Chanwuyi Lifestyle Medicine Program for reducing both behavioral problems and immunological dysfunction in ASD. Further studies are warranted to verify its treatment effect and its association with brain functions.","PeriodicalId":74294,"journal":{"name":"NeuroSci","volume":"1 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85290600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knockout or Knock-in? A Truncated D2 Receptor Protein Is Expressed in the Brain of Functional D2 Receptor Knockout Mice 淘汰赛还是淘汰赛?D2受体敲除小鼠脑内表达一种截断的D2受体蛋白

NeuroSci Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.3390/NEUROSCI2020014

Natalia Sánchez, Montserrat Olivares-Costa, Marcela P. González, R. Munita, Angelica P. Escobar, Rodrigo C. Meza, Mauricio Herrera-Rojas, Jessica Albornoz, Gianluca Merello, M. Andrés

{"title":"Knockout or Knock-in? A Truncated D2 Receptor Protein Is Expressed in the Brain of Functional D2 Receptor Knockout Mice","authors":"Natalia Sánchez, Montserrat Olivares-Costa, Marcela P. González, R. Munita, Angelica P. Escobar, Rodrigo C. Meza, Mauricio Herrera-Rojas, Jessica Albornoz, Gianluca Merello, M. Andrés","doi":"10.3390/NEUROSCI2020014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/NEUROSCI2020014","url":null,"abstract":"Null mice for the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) have been instrumental in understanding the function of this protein. For our research, we obtained the functional D2R knockout mouse strain described initially in 1997. Surprisingly, our biochemical characterization showed that this mouse strain is not a true knockout. We determined by sequence analysis of the rapid 3′ amplification of cDNA ends that functional D2R knockout mice express transcripts that lack only the eighth exon. Furthermore, immunofluorescence assays showed a D2R-like protein in the brain of functional D2R knockout mice. We verified by immunofluorescence that the recombinant truncated D2R is expressed in HEK293T cells, showing intracellular localization, colocalizing in the Golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum, but with less presence in the Golgi apparatus compared to the native D2R. As previously reported, functional D2R knockout mice are hypoactive and insensitive to the D2R agonist quinpirole. Concordantly, microdialysis studies confirmed that functional D2R knockout mice have lower extracellular dopamine levels in the striatum than the native mice. In conclusion, functional D2R knockout mice express transcripts that lead to a truncated D2R protein lacking from the sixth transmembrane domain to the C-terminus. We share these findings to avoid future confusion and the community considers this mouse strain in D2R traffic and protein–protein interaction studies.","PeriodicalId":74294,"journal":{"name":"NeuroSci","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79925233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1