Neurology perspectives最新文献

{"title":"Autoimmune skin diseases in multiple sclerosis","authors":"M. Roncero Riesco ,&nbsp;A. Cabanillas Cabral ,&nbsp;Y. El Berdei Montero","doi":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Autoimmune dermatological diseases have a prevalence greater than 2% in the general population, sometimes as a primary disorder and other times within a context of systemic involvement. Comorbidity with multiple sclerosis (MS) has been described, particularly in the case of psoriasis and bullous pemphigoid, and to a lesser extent in pemphigus vulgaris and other autoimmune skin diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Development</h3><div>Psoriasis is the autoimmune skin disease for which the most evidence is available on this association, with increased risk in patients with MS. Both disorders probably have common pathophysiological mechanisms. The joint treatment of both diseases will depend on the degree of activity of each one, but in general, it is recommended for patients with MS and psoriasis to avoid interferons, teriflunomide, and anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, whereas fumarates and S1P receptor antagonists are recommended. TNF-α inhibitors are formally contraindicated in MS. In the case of bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, and other less common autoimmune dermatological diseases, the relationship with MS is not so clearly established, although an association between the first 2 and neurological diseases, including MS, has been described. Treatment is based on corticotherapy, and classic immunosuppressants or rituximab may be combined, which represent an alternative for joint treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Comorbidity between MS and autoimmune dermatological disorders, and especially psoriasis, requires a joint approach, avoiding treatments that may aggravate one or the other disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74283,"journal":{"name":"Neurology perspectives","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144535783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taste disorders due to unilateral upper molar extraction in juvenile and adult albino rats","authors":"A. Gutiérrez-Patiño Paúl,&nbsp;E. Aguirre-Siancas","doi":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The sense of taste is fundamental to life; some studies have revealed a link between dental deafferentation (DD) by upper molar extraction and taste abnormalities in rats. However, no studies have been found that evaluate these variables using the Taste Reactivity Test (TRT).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty male Wistar rats (20 juveniles and 20 adults) were used and assigned to a control and experimental group. Both groups were fitted with cannulae for TRT, while rats in the experimental group also had their right upper molars extracted. Using an ingestive solution (1 M sucrose) and an aversive solution (3 mM denatonium benzoate [BD]), TRT was performed on days 1, 7, 14, and 21. Body and orofacial reactions were recorded and scored.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>DD influences ingestive responses in juvenile rats at days 7, 14, and 21; however, it only affects aversive responses at day 21. In adult rats, it influences ingestive responses at days 14 and 21, although it only affects aversive responses at day 14. When comparing ingestive and aversive responses between juvenile and adult rats in the experimental group, differences were identified in ingestive responses at days 7 and 14.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In juvenile and adult rats, upper molar extraction has a negative influence on ingestive and aversive responses. In addition, compared to adult rats, it has a negative effect on ingestive responses in juvenile rats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74283,"journal":{"name":"Neurology perspectives","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cough headache associated with CANVAS: A case report","authors":"E. Martínez-Campos ,&nbsp;M. San Miguel ,&nbsp;M. Martín Bujanda","doi":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100202","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74283,"journal":{"name":"Neurology perspectives","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of primary HIV infection presenting as Guillain-Barré syndrome: Could it be a separate entity?","authors":"D. López de Mota Sánchez,&nbsp;M. de la Calle Cuevas,&nbsp;L. Olivié-García,&nbsp;I. Zamarbide Capdepon","doi":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74283,"journal":{"name":"Neurology perspectives","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective, multi-centre, open-label study on the use of alemtuzumab for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis in clinical practice: A 4-year follow-up","authors":"A. Pato-Pato ,&nbsp;P. Gabeiras-Araujo ,&nbsp;M. Lorenzo-García ,&nbsp;C. Hernandez-Cerón ,&nbsp;J.R. Lorenzo-González ,&nbsp;D.A. García-Estévez","doi":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab for patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) have been demonstrated in clinical trials. However, due to the limitations of these studies, it is important to assess the effects of the drug in clinical practice. The purpose of this study is to describe the effectiveness of alemtuzumab in terms of the number of relapses per year in patients with RRMS in the clinical setting. As secondary objectives, we evaluated its impact on disability and neuroimaging findings, as well as its tolerability and safety following administration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective, multi-centre, open-label study by reviewing the clinical records of patients receiving alemtuzumab for RRMS treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 32 patients were included at the beginning of the 4-year follow-up period. The mean number of relapses per year remained below 0.35 during follow-up, compared to 1.25 per year before treatment. Disability, as measured with the Expanded Disability Status Scale, improved during the first 2 years, and remained stable thereafter. Neuroimaging revealed a decrease in disease activity. The most frequent adverse effects were infusion-related reactions and infections.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Alemtuzumab has been shown to be effective in clinical practice in reducing the number of relapses per year, improving disability and decreasing disease activity on brain MRI in patients with MS, with adequate tolerability and safety. However, prevention and monitoring strategies continue to be necessary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74283,"journal":{"name":"Neurology perspectives","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The pillars of migraine diagnosis and treatment: Information from primary care physicians in Colombia","authors":"J. Muñoz-Cerón ,&nbsp;L. Gallo ,&nbsp;D. Gómez-Barrera","doi":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Migraine is a highly prevalent and disabling condition, with most patients treated at the primary care level. To the best of our knowledge, no information is available in Colombia regarding the knowledge of migraine among physicians at this level of care.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the proportion of primary care physicians who observe the pillars of migraine diagnosis and treatment in their clinical practice: the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) diagnostic criteria, the indication to start preventive treatment, restriction of analgesic medication, and considering the presence of comorbidities.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional survey of actively practising primary care physicians from all over Colombia using an online semi-structured questionnaire, which was completed by general practitioners, paediatricians, gynaecologists, internists, and family medicine specialists.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 347 primary care physicians from all the regions of Colombia were surveyed; 23.2% used the ICHD-3 criteria, 49% and 85% were familiar with the Colombian guidelines for starting preventive treatment and limiting analgesic medication overuse, respectively; 61% never considered opioids for acute attacks; and 80% took comorbidities into account in their clinical approach. The compliance index for the main pillars of migraine care was 52%. We found no significant differences when specialty, length of time in practice, age, and area of work were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study suggests that there is limited knowledge about migraine among Colombian primary care physicians. These results are comparable with similar studies conducted around the world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74283,"journal":{"name":"Neurology perspectives","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Findings in orofacial praxis in clinical swallow examination in patients with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia","authors":"J.C. Suárez-Escudero ,&nbsp;V. De Alba-Higuita ,&nbsp;J. Bareño-Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Praxis facilitate the execution of learned motor acts, including swallowing. Inability to perform praxis movements, or apraxia, may be classified according to different criteria. Buccopharyngeal apraxia includes orofacial apraxia. Clinical swallow evaluation does not typically include assessment of oropharyngeal/orofacial praxes; however, this would be of great semiological value, particularly in patients with neurological and neuromuscular disorders who present with dysphagia. The objective of this study was to explore and compare findings from the assessment of 3 orofacial praxis in healthy individuals without dysphagia and in patients with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia, as part of the clinical swallow examination.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We designed a case–control study based on a clinical swallow examination that included an assessment of 3 orofacial praxis. Comparisons were made, and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Non-performance of the 3 orofacial praxis was recorded separately and jointly, adjusting for sex and age in both groups, as well as for other clinical variables of interest in the patient group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study included 86 patients and 80 controls. Oral motor apraxia was associated with oropharyngeal dysphagia; more specifically, the presence of neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia was found to be associated with difficulty in moving both lips together to either side, as well as with such other physical examination findings as tongue fasciculations and atrophy, and impaired tongue coordination. No statistically significant association was observed with age or sex in either group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Assessment of orofacial praxes can help to identify patients with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74283,"journal":{"name":"Neurology perspectives","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myasthenic crisis probably triggered by local lidocaine infiltration unveiling generalized myasthenia gravis without extraocular muscle involvement","authors":"M. León-Ruiz ,&nbsp;C. Rízea ,&nbsp;J. Álvarez-Troncoso ,&nbsp;M. Quintana-Díaz ,&nbsp;G. Zmork-Martínez ,&nbsp;J. Benito-León ,&nbsp;J. Rodríguez-Pardo","doi":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100193","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74283,"journal":{"name":"Neurology perspectives","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paroxysmal tonic upgaze with epileptiform discharges and calcarine sulcus lesion","authors":"Nazaret Peláez Viña ,&nbsp;Dennis Dunlop Bórquez ,&nbsp;Eva Negro Moral ,&nbsp;Maite Cáceres","doi":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100185","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74283,"journal":{"name":"Neurology perspectives","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and immune evolution in neurological/psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"A. Toledo ,&nbsp;M.A. Gaona ,&nbsp;T. Delgadillo ,&nbsp;C.T. Arellano ,&nbsp;A. Padilla ,&nbsp;S. Bravo ,&nbsp;H. Alipi ,&nbsp;V. Toledo ,&nbsp;M.A. Del Rio Quiñones ,&nbsp;D.L. De la Cruz-Aguilera ,&nbsp;L. Aguirre-Cruz ,&nbsp;A. Fleury","doi":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurop.2025.100189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The COVID-19 pandemic has had a disastrous impact on the world's population. Its effects were mainly respiratory, but resulting neurological damage has also been described. In this context, we evaluated the effects of COVID-19 on the subjective perception of neurological and psychiatric symptoms in patients with pre-pandemic neuropsychiatric diseases, as well as the possible association between the evolution of these symptoms and immunological factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cohort of neurological/psychiatric patients with (n = 99) or without (n = 42) a history of COVID-19 was included. Inclusion took place 7 months after COVID-19 infection, and follow-up was performed 14 months after inclusion. At both assessments, included subjects were asked whether they considered their neurological/psychiatric symptoms to be stable, worsened or improved compared with the situation before COVID-19, or compared with the first assessment. A blood sample of all subjects was taken at both assessments to determine levels of several cytokines<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A worsening of neurological/psychiatric symptoms was reported by 36.9% of patients, when comparing the situation at follow-up with that prior to COVID-19. Comparing with controls, patients with history of COVID-19 had significantly higher levels of IL-6 and IFN-γ, and patients with a history of symptomatic COVID-19 presented a significant higher level of IL-10. IFN-γ was significantly associated with COVID-19 severity, and its decrease during follow-up was associated with improvement of neurological/psychiatric symptoms in neurological patients with a history of COVID-19, but not in control patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>More than 35% of included neuropsychiatric patients have reported worsening of symptoms after non-severe COVID-19. IFN-γ seems to be a marker linked to COVID-19 pathogeny and its evaluation might be useful for monitoring affected patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74283,"journal":{"name":"Neurology perspectives","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}