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The Biophysical Afterlife of Slavery Signaled through Coral Architectural Stones at Heritage Sites on St. Croix 从圣克罗伊岛遗产遗址的珊瑚建筑石头中可以看到奴隶制的生物物理来世
IF 2.8 1区 历史学
American Antiquity Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2024.45
Ayana Omilade Flewellen
{"title":"The Biophysical Afterlife of Slavery Signaled through Coral Architectural Stones at Heritage Sites on St. Croix","authors":"Ayana Omilade Flewellen","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2024.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2024.45","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article concerns itself with how archaeologists and other heritage studies professionals contend with temporal collapse on landscapes that hold African Diasporic histories. Coral stones lay the foundation of colonial architecture on the island of St. Croix in the US Virgin Islands. This article explores how buildings constructed of coral stones during the colonial era are still in use today, either restored or repurposed, along with examples of how coral is being used as an artistic medium in contemporary sculptures that collapse time and demand heritage studies professionals to tend to the persistence of colonial violence in the present. Here, coral—via the structures built out of it—is discussed as a mnemonic device for the biophysical afterlife of slavery. In this article, linear temporal distinctions of past, present, and future are called into question on St. Croix, where colonial structures act as ruptures in conceptualizations of time and serve as palimpsestual reminders of the past in the present.</p>","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ties that Bind: The Long Emancipation and Status Ambiguity in Early Twentieth-Century Southwestern Tanzania 捆绑的纽带：20世纪早期坦桑尼亚西南部的长期解放和地位模糊
IF 2.8 1区 历史学
American Antiquity Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2024.47
Lydia Wilson Marshall, Thomas John Biginagwa
{"title":"Ties that Bind: The Long Emancipation and Status Ambiguity in Early Twentieth-Century Southwestern Tanzania","authors":"Lydia Wilson Marshall, Thomas John Biginagwa","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2024.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2024.47","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the 1890s, the slave and ivory trader Rashid bin Masoud established the settlement Kikole deep in what is now southwestern Tanzania. Kikole was strategically located near Lake Nyasa, a major slaving region. Masoud's followers residing at Kikole were typically referred to as his slaves by German colonists and missionaries. Local oral histories today, however, define these followers as <span>askari</span> (soldiers or guards) or <span>mafundi</span> (technicians or specialists; in this case, in using weaponry). This article considers how recent expanded excavations at Kikole can help us better understand Masoud's followers. Differences in housing investment and material access suggest status differences among residents: any single definition of Masoud's followers may be inadequate. A broader concern addressed in this article is how we define slavery itself.</p>","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Entangled Landscape: Spatial Discipline and Liminal Freedom in Coastal Sierra Leone 纠缠景观：塞拉利昂沿海地区的空间纪律和极限自由
IF 2.8 1区 历史学
American Antiquity Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2024.44
Oluseyi Odunyemi Agbelusi
{"title":"Entangled Landscape: Spatial Discipline and Liminal Freedom in Coastal Sierra Leone","authors":"Oluseyi Odunyemi Agbelusi","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2024.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2024.44","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this article, I present the freedom narratives of the diverse enslaved Africans who were liberated from barracoons and captured slave vessels and resettled at Regent Village on the Sierra Leone peninsula in the nineteenth century. Following the British abolition of the Atlantic Slave Trade in 1807, the British Royal Navy patrolled the West Atlantic Sea and redirected illegal slave vessels to Sierra Leone, where the Vice-Admiralty Court (which became the Mixed Commissions in 1820) would set them free from slavery. While legally free from bondage, liberated Africans became colonial subjects living in a nascent British colony. What can historical archaeology reveal about the history of freedom among diasporic ethnic identities at Regent Village? I answer this broad question by drawing on historical and archaeological data to demonstrate how people navigated and transformed the village landscape, as well as the decisions and choices they made at the household level, focusing on selected two house loci, which serve as a case study. I concentrate mainly on the identities, experiences, and historical narratives of liberated Africans in the village and extend the discussion to the lives of their descendants who continue to negotiate issues of power and control in contemporary Sierra Leone.</p>","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An imperium in imperio: A Geospatial Analysis of Defensibility and Accessibility of Maroon Settlements in Dominica 统治权中的统治权：多明尼加黑人定居点的防御性和可达性的地理空间分析
IF 2.8 1区 历史学
American Antiquity Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2024.48
Jonathan Rodriguez, Diane Wallman, Lennox Honychurch
{"title":"An imperium in imperio: A Geospatial Analysis of Defensibility and Accessibility of Maroon Settlements in Dominica","authors":"Jonathan Rodriguez, Diane Wallman, Lennox Honychurch","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2024.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2024.48","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article explores the Maroon landscape of the Caribbean island of Dominica (Wai'tukubuli) by creating a geographic information system (GIS) model to determine the reasons behind settlement location choices. For more than 50 years, hundreds of self-emancipated Africans inhabited the mountainous interior of Dominica, where they formed various communities that actively resisted European colonialism and slavery not only to maintain their freedom but to assist in liberating enslaved Africans throughout the island. Contemporary Dominican communities maintain connections to these revolutionary ancestors through the landscape and continuing cultural practices. None of the Maroon encampments, however, have been studied archaeologically. This study uses geospatial methods to understand the visibility, defensibility, and spatial accessibility of nine Maroon camps. The results of the viewshed and least cost path analysis allows us to map Dominican Maroon social networks and reimagine the possible routes that the Maroons took to maintain their freedom.</p>","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Positioning Maroon Archaeologies to Face Racial Violence in Ecuador 让栗色考古学家面对厄瓜多尔的种族暴力
IF 2.8 1区 历史学
American Antiquity Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2024.50
Daniela C. Balanzátegui Moreno, Génesis I. Delgado Vernaza
{"title":"Positioning Maroon Archaeologies to Face Racial Violence in Ecuador","authors":"Daniela C. Balanzátegui Moreno, Génesis I. Delgado Vernaza","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2024.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2024.50","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article presents an approach to study marronage from the perspective of critical social archaeology, which encompasses the perpetuation of several layers of racial violence endured by the Afro-Ecuadorian population as legacies of slavery and colonialism. Collaborative and community-based projects in the ancestral Afro-Ecuadorian territories of the Chota Valley and Esmeraldas, and in the city of Guayaquil, are a basis for mapping Afro-Ecuadorian resistance strategies in the hacienda, urban, <span>palenque,</span> and border contexts. Marronage, as a response to racial oppression and systemic exploitation, has transformed over time, demonstrating the agency of the Afro-Ecuadorian community against structural violence. Archaeology illuminates the Maroon experience and its legacy in ancestral historical memory by including a critical study of slavery in the household context of plantation settings, identifying the dynamics of oppression and resistance, mapping routes of fugitivity, and examining the networks connecting actions of marronage. This study is an essential step in reconstructing the neglected history of Afro-Ecuadorian resistance and its role in shaping Latin America.</p>","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Global Archaeologies of the Long Emancipation: An Introduction 长期解放的全球考古学：导论
IF 2.8 1区 历史学
American Antiquity Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2024.53
Matthew C. Reilly, Craig Stevens
{"title":"Global Archaeologies of the Long Emancipation: An Introduction","authors":"Matthew C. Reilly, Craig Stevens","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2024.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2024.53","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article serves as an introduction to this guest-edited special issue of <span>American Antiquity</span> entitled “Global Archaeologies of the Long Emancipation.” We begin by discussing Rinaldo Walcott's notion of the Long Emancipation, noting how the failed promises of the legal ending of slavery led to sensations of freedom and ongoing forms of anti-Blackness. In response, Black communities have employed various strategies in pursuit of freedom. We then apply this argument to archaeological thought and practice, suggesting that archaeology is well positioned to provide evidence of Black creativity, action, and struggle in a variety of global contexts. The article closes with an overview of this special issue, which includes a brief summary of individual contributions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Relationship between Diet and Porous Cranial Lesions in the Southwest United States: A Review 美国西南部饮食与多孔性颅骨病变的关系综述
IF 2.8 1区 历史学
American Antiquity Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2024.61
Lexi O'Donnell, Cait McPherson
{"title":"The Relationship between Diet and Porous Cranial Lesions in the Southwest United States: A Review","authors":"Lexi O'Donnell, Cait McPherson","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2024.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2024.61","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bioarchaeologists commonly record porous cranial lesions (PCLs). They have varied etiologies but are frequently associated with nutritional anemia without a differential diagnosis. This article provides a literature review, evaluates diet in the US Southwest over time, and identifies issues with associating PCLs with poor diet in this region. Generally, diet was adequate across time and space. Although maize was a dietary staple, other food items such as rabbits and amaranth provided complementary micronutrients. PCLs exhibit varied morphologies, which generally correspond with age: those characterized by fine, scattered porosity are associated with younger ages at death. Variation in PCL morphology indicates different and sometimes unrelated etiologies. Nutritional anemia is an insufficient explanation for PCL frequency in the Southwest, partly because the diet was adequate across time.</p>","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Starch Granule Evidence for Biscuitroot (Lomatium spp.) Processing at Upland Rock Art Sites in Warner Valley, Oregon 俄勒冈州华纳谷高地岩石艺术遗址中饼干根加工的淀粉颗粒证据
IF 2.8 1区 历史学
American Antiquity Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2024.42
Stefania L. Wilks, Lisbeth A. Louderback, Heidi M. Simper, William J. Cannon
{"title":"Starch Granule Evidence for Biscuitroot (Lomatium spp.) Processing at Upland Rock Art Sites in Warner Valley, Oregon","authors":"Stefania L. Wilks, Lisbeth A. Louderback, Heidi M. Simper, William J. Cannon","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2024.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2024.42","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Geophytes are hardy, resilient plants that are tolerant of cold temperatures and drought and are well documented as a reliable food source for hunter-gatherers worldwide. Human settlement patterns and foraging behaviors have long been associated with the use of nutrient-dense geophytes rich in carbohydrates, fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Indigenous communities in the northern Great Basin developed cultural practices centered around gathering, preparing, and consuming important geophytic plants. These practices became deeply embedded in their cultural identity, forming rituals, stories, and traditions that persist today. Although there is strong ethnographic precedent for the significance of geophytes, finding evidence of their use in the archaeological record remains a challenge. This study analyzed archaeological starch residue extracted from bedrock metates in the uplands of Warner Valley, Oregon. Systematic studies of starch granules collected from extant plant communities growing near archaeological sites were applied to the identification of archaeological granules. Starch granules from geophytes, specifically <span>Lomatium</span> spp. (biscuitroot), were identified on metate surfaces at all sites, thus providing direct evidence for the collection and processing of geophyte vegetables. Evidence of geophyte plant processing on bedrock metates contributes to archaeological theories about subsistence strategies, food-processing technologies, social organization, and cultural practices in past human societies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143385412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reevaluating the Organization of Lapidary Production at Chaco Canyon 查科峡谷宝石生产组织的再评价
IF 2.8 1区 历史学
American Antiquity Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2024.59
Hannah V. Mattson
{"title":"Reevaluating the Organization of Lapidary Production at Chaco Canyon","authors":"Hannah V. Mattson","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2024.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2024.59","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Several decades ago, the National Park Service's Chaco Project revealed evidence for widespread ornament manufacture at small sites (small houses) in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, as well as possible workshop-scale production at two of these locations. Given that consumption of finished jewelry items is clearly concentrated at large sites (great houses), it was suggested that lapidary production was part of a larger corporate political strategy, in which goods produced in surrounding small houses were used to sustain communal events related to construction activities and ritual performances at great houses. This article addresses a critical gap in this narrative—ornament production at great houses. Using Pueblo Bonito as a case study, I present the results of a systematic analysis of lapidary tools from the site and characterize the nature of on-site ornament manufacture. I find evidence that significant jewelry-making was occurring at Pueblo Bonito, at least on par with previously documented small-house jewelry workshops, and that a portion of this was embedded within elite households. These results require us to reconsider the role of ornament production in Chacoan political economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Luminescence Dating of Stone Structures in the Northeastern United States 美国东北部石质结构的发光年代测定
IF 2.8 1区 历史学
American Antiquity Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2024.60
James K. Feathers, Shannon A. Mahan
{"title":"Luminescence Dating of Stone Structures in the Northeastern United States","authors":"James K. Feathers, Shannon A. Mahan","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2024.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2024.60","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is no consensus on who built the numerous stone structures that dot the archaeological landscape in the northeastern United States. Professional archaeologists traditionally have attributed them to colonial farmers, but increasing numbers of archaeologists have joined many nonprofessional groups and Native Americans in arguing for Indigenous origins. Better understanding of these structures can be obtained by determining how old they are. This article reviews nearly 60 luminescence ages, on both sediments and rocks, that have been obtained in recent years. Many of the derived ages fall in the sixteenth century, between initial European contact and substantial colonial settlement. A few ages are significantly older, suggesting that this technology has a deeper origin. The results warrant more research into these structures and rethinking their significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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