Mycobacterial diseases : tuberculosis & leprosy最新文献

{"title":"To Study The Effect of Pesticide Resistant Azotobacter spp. For The Production of Biofertilizer","authors":"V. Pawar","doi":"10.35248/2161-1068.21.11.288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1068.21.11.288","url":null,"abstract":"India is an agricultural based country. For fulfilling growing demand of growing population, there is a need to increase agricultural yield. In the era of green revolution chemical fertilizers are successful to increase the agricultural yield but they show some adverse side effects like soil pollution, water pollution and environment pollution.","PeriodicalId":74235,"journal":{"name":"Mycobacterial diseases : tuberculosis & leprosy","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69982427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recombinant antigens and synthetic peptides to characterize Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteins for immunological reactivity","authors":"Mustafa As","doi":"10.35248/2161-1068.21.11.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1068.21.11.285","url":null,"abstract":"The control and eventual eradication of tuberculosis (TB) requires an effective vaccine and reagents for specific diagnosis. The only available vaccine against TB is the bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), but the protection imparted by BCG against pulmonary TB in adults varies between nil to 80%. Moreover, the use of BCG vaccination faces two additional problems: i. BCG vaccination induces a delayed type hypersensitivity response that cannot be distinguished from exposure to M. tuberculosis, and therefore it compromises the use of purified protein derivative (PPD) of M. tuberculosis for diagnostic purposes. ii. BCG being a live vaccine is contraindicated in HIV infected individuals for fear of causing disease by itself.","PeriodicalId":74235,"journal":{"name":"Mycobacterial diseases : tuberculosis & leprosy","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69982702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of white rot fungi for the production of laccase and its multifold application","authors":"P. Jadhav","doi":"10.35248/2161-1068.21.11.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1068.21.11.287","url":null,"abstract":"Laccase benzenediol oxygen oxidoreductases are multicopper enzymes belonging to the group of blue oxidases. They catalyses the monoelectronic oxidation of substrates at the expense of molecular oxygen. intrestess in these essentially eco-friendly enzymes they work with air and produce water as the only by product has grown significantly in recent years, Carbon sources used are glucose, fructose, galactose, galacturonic acid, xylose, lactose, sucrose ,pectin and insulin for the production of laccase. Chemical inducers used are inducers used are copper, lignin, veteryl alcohol, xylidine and gualacsol.","PeriodicalId":74235,"journal":{"name":"Mycobacterial diseases : tuberculosis & leprosy","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69982316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inbred Mouse Strain Susceptibility to Tuberculosis Infection Vary with Phenotype, the Dose of Infection, Obesity and Composition of the Intestinal Microbiome","authors":"S. Kayukova, A. Donnikov, I. Bocharova, B. Nikonenko","doi":"10.35248/2161-1068.21.11.284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1068.21.11.284","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we conducted comparative studies of inbred mice with different sensitivity to tuberculosis infection, I/St susceptible, C57BL/6 resistant. Two other strains C3H.JK (H2j), C3H/HeDiSn (H2k) began to grow fat by 4-5 months of age and changed their susceptibility depending on the dose of infection. Also, they were made obese or not in dependence on the dose of infection.","PeriodicalId":74235,"journal":{"name":"Mycobacterial diseases : tuberculosis & leprosy","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69982648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential of delayed type hypersensitivity-inducing Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens in the diagnosis of tuberculosis","authors":"Mustafa As","doi":"10.35248/2161-1068.21.11.286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1068.21.11.286","url":null,"abstract":"The worldwide control of tuberculosis (TB) requires affordable and easy to apply test(s), which could diagnose active/latent TB and differentiate from vaccination with Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), and exposure to environmental mycobacteria. The currently used test for the diagnosis of TB is the in vivo administered tuberculin skin test that induces delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin responses in individuals infected with M. tuberculosis. However, this test lacks sensitivity and specificity because of the non-standardized and cross-reactive nature of the antigens used, i.e. purified protein derivative (PPD) of M. tuberculosis. Since PPD contains antigens shared between M. tuberculosis, BCG, and environmental mycobacteria, it cannot differentiate between infection with M. tuberculosis, vaccination with BCG, and exposure to environmental mycobacterial. To overcome the problems associated with PPD, there is a need to identify M. tuberculosis-specific antigens as new tuberculins for in vivo diagnostic applications in humans.","PeriodicalId":74235,"journal":{"name":"Mycobacterial diseases : tuberculosis & leprosy","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69982747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Use of PCR as an Early Diagnostic Indicator of Bovine Tuberculosis in Dairy Farms","authors":"A. Mataragka, Virginia Fyntani, K. Sotirakoglou, A. Katsiolis, C. Dile, J. Ikonomopoulos","doi":"10.35248/2161-1068.19.9.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1068.19.9.273","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Zoonotic tuberculosis has been mainly associated with the consumption of bovine dairy products and its control has been prioritized by the Food and Agriculture Organisation. \u0000 \u0000Objective: As such, the aim of this study is to assess whether the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used as an early diagnostic indicator of Mycobacterium bovis infection in bovine dairy farms. \u0000 \u0000Methods: Milk samples (n=78) were collected from all the animals older than 8 years of age, in all (n=4) bovine dairy farms located in a specific agricultural region of Greece, with high prevalence in bovine tuberculosis. Detection of DNA belonging to slow growing members of the genus Mycobacterium was conducted in pooled samples using two PCR assays targeting 16S-rRNA and 65-kDa heat shock protein (hsp65). Randomly selected PCR products were submitted to sequence analysis for confirmation of the specificity of the amplification process. DNA isolation and PCR testing were conducted in compliance with ISO17025 accreditation requirements. \u0000 \u0000Results: The overall percentage of positivity was 47.7%, and ranged among farms from 0% to 76.9%. PCRpositive animals were detected in both farms that were at the time of investigation positive with the tuberculin skin test (TST), whereas the only farm with a negative TST record tested also negatively with PCR. Interestingly, one farm that was negative with TST since 2012 but had a long prior record of high level TST-positivity, tested positively with PCR. \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: In conclusion it can be stated that PCR can be used for the detection of mycobacteria in pooled samples of milk collected from the older animals of a dairy farm, as an early and sensitive diagnostic indicator. This can support TST monitoring for the control of bovine tuberculosis, and improve detection of farms, in which routine monitoring should be intensified. The specific approach offers significant practical benefits that compensate for the additional cost of PCR.","PeriodicalId":74235,"journal":{"name":"Mycobacterial diseases : tuberculosis & leprosy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47462725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periorbital Tuberculosis Sinus: A Rare Case Report","authors":"Prateeksha Sharma, J. Goyal, Simmy Chaudhary","doi":"10.35248/2161-1068.19.9.272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1068.19.9.272","url":null,"abstract":"Orbital and Periorbital involvement of tuberculosis is rare even in endemic regions. It is a rare manifestation of extra pulmonary tuberculosis. We report a rare case of discharging Periorbital tuberculosis sinus with no systemic symptoms. Our report emphasises the importance of awareness and high clinical suspicion in cases of nonresolving orbital swellings and infections. It also emphasizes the role of detailed investigations for early diagnosis and prompt treatment of the disease.","PeriodicalId":74235,"journal":{"name":"Mycobacterial diseases : tuberculosis & leprosy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69982443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Genetic mutations in inhA and katG for Isoniazid and its Association with Rifampicin Resistance in Tuberculosis Confirmed by Line Probe Assay-its Rationality or Isoniazid Prophylaxis Empirical or DST Guided","authors":"P. Das, Somtirtha B Ganguly, M. Bodhisatya","doi":"10.35248/2161-1068.19.9.274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1068.19.9.274","url":null,"abstract":"Out of 442 cases of rifampicin resistant MTB strains 410 cases showed Isoniazid resistance. Out of which exclusive involvement with inhA was seen in 32 cases. 19 cases showed involvement of both inhA as well as katG resistance 359 cases accounting to 87.5% showed exclusive involvement of katG thereby conferring high degree of resistance. The higher percentage of katG induced Isoniazid resistance among the Rifampicin resistant strains depicts the spread of higher degree of Isoniazid resistance. The question remains how effective would be the Isoniazid prophylaxis in pediatric age group in this scenario. The analysis has shown that only around 14.93% cases reflected exclusive mutations at around 15 and 16 regions of the inhA gene and MUT3 accounted to a percentage of 60.3% among the inhA dependant isoniazid resistance.","PeriodicalId":74235,"journal":{"name":"Mycobacterial diseases : tuberculosis & leprosy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69982584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Prevalence of Deformities in Leprosy in a Tertiary Care Hospital at Davangere","authors":"Mangala Hc, Madhan Jeyaraman, K. Chaudhari, Vishakha Dhorde, D. Likhith, Murugesh Sb","doi":"10.35248/2161-","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infectious disease affecting the peripheral nervous system, the skin and certain other tissues. WHO announced the level of leprosy >1 per 10,000 population as a public health problem. WHO defined the elimination level of leprosy was <1 per 10,000 population. The paradigm shift in natural course of leprosy is shifting from regular antileprotic treatment to deal with the prevention of disabilities and deformities of leprosy. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of deformities due to leprosy in a tertiary care hospital. Materials & methods: Prospective studies with 113 cases of leprosy were conducted from 2015 to 2018 in department of Dermatology and Orthopaedics, JJM Medical College, Davangere. All the cases were subjected for thorough clinical examination, baseline laboratory investigations, neuro-diagnostics and radiographic analysis of affected joints. The cases were classified as pauci and multibacillary leprosy with AFB staining of biopsies. All cases were treated with a multi drug treatment according to the bacillary classification. The progress of natural course of disease was monitored and charted for statistical analysis. Results: In our study population of 113 cases, the disabilities were found more from low socioeconomic status. In our study, 37.16% of trophic ulcers, 33.62% of autoamputation of fingers and toes, 32.74% of claw hand, 10.61% of foot drop, 7.96% of corneal opacity, 6.19% of leonine facies, 4.42% of ape thumb deformity, 2.65% of lagophthalmos and 1.76% of madarosis have been reported. Conclusion: Leprosy still continues to be a public health problem due to prevalence of disease in low socioeconomic status people. The management of leprotic deformities is a multi-disciplinary model and to train all health related workers to identify leprosy. Rehabilitation is the mainstay of treatment in deformity prevention and to improve the quality of life of leprotic patients.","PeriodicalId":74235,"journal":{"name":"Mycobacterial diseases : tuberculosis & leprosy","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69975678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotyping of Related Mutations to Drug Resistance in Isoniazid and Rifampin by Screening of katG, inhA and rpoB Genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by High Resolution Melting Method","authors":"Z. Tavakkoli, A. Nazemi","doi":"10.4172/2161-1068.1000265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-1068.1000265","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tuberculosis is one of the infectious diseases and this is responsible for 3 million mortalities in the world which is increased by the rise of drug-resistant tuberculosis patients. Thus, it seems essential to detect the drug resistances in tuberculosis patients. Rifampin and isoniazid are two essential drugs for treatment of tuberculosis patients. The new High Resolution Melting method is simple, rapid and inexpensive for detection of these mutations responsible for these resistances compared to conventional methods in tuberculosis patients. Materials and methods: 2500 sputum samples were collected from patients with suspected tuberculosis referred to Iran Remedial Center over a period of 2 years in which, 1650 samples had positive smear for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. After extraction of genomic DNA from samples, High resolution melting method was used for samples based on the color of SY to-9 and PCR product were sequenced to verify the mutation. Results: Our findings showed that, 116 out of 1650 positive smear samples, were resistant to isoniazid due to mutations in katG and inhA genes, which this resistance is created by mutation of 20 samples in inhA gene and 96 samples in katG gene. Whist 65 samples had resistance to rifampin with mutation in rpoB gene. Conclusion: High resolution melting method is quick, easy and affordable without wasting time for culturing and Post PCR processes for diagnosing these resistances in tuberculosis clinical samples.","PeriodicalId":74235,"journal":{"name":"Mycobacterial diseases : tuberculosis & leprosy","volume":"2018 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45767430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}