Wenyan Zhou, Junxin Lin, David C Hay, Xudong Yao, Hongwei Ouyang
{"title":"Combining transcriptomic and metabolomic insights to guide the clinical application of adipose- and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.","authors":"Wenyan Zhou, Junxin Lin, David C Hay, Xudong Yao, Hongwei Ouyang","doi":"10.1515/mr-2024-0056","DOIUrl":"10.1515/mr-2024-0056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have shown great potential in clinical applications. However, the similarities and differences between these two cell types have not been fully elucidated. Recent advances in transcriptomic and metabolomic research have provided valuable insight into the characteristics and functions of ADSCs and BMSCs. In this perspective article, we review the key findings from these studies, including cellular heterogeneity as well as differences in metabolic and secretory properties. We discuss how these insights can help guide the selection of the most suitable cell source for the clinic, and the optimization of preconditioning strategies prior to clinical deployment. Furthermore, we analyze the current landscape of products and clinical trials involving ADSCs and BMSCs, highlighting their therapeutic potential. We propose that the integration of multi-omics datasets will be crucial for establishing a comprehensive understanding of ADSC and BMSC identity and potency, and the provision of quality-assured stem cell-derived products for the clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":74151,"journal":{"name":"Medical review (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"5 1","pages":"76-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Redefining chronic mountain sickness: insights from high-altitude research and clinical experience.","authors":"Gustavo Zubieta-Calleja","doi":"10.1515/mr-2024-0036","DOIUrl":"10.1515/mr-2024-0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic Mountain Sickness (CMS), characterized by increased red blood cells above average values traditionally attributed to chronic hypobaric hypoxia exposure, is being redefined in light of recent research and clinical experience. We propose a shift in perspective, viewing CMS not as a singular entity but as Poly-erythrocythemia (PEH), as the Hematocrit/Hemoglobin/Red Blood Cells (Ht/Hb/RBCs) increase constitutes a sign, not a disease reflecting a spectrum of oxygen transport alterations in multiple diseases in the chronic hypoxia environment in high-altitude populations. Drawing on over five decades of experience at the High Altitude Pulmonary and Pathology Institute (HAPPI-IPPA) in Bolivia, we advocate for altitude-specific blood parameter norms and emphasize the importance of correct etiological diagnosis for effective management. This updated understanding not only aids in managing chronically hypoxemic patients at various altitudes but also offers valuable insights into global health challenges, including the recovery from COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":74151,"journal":{"name":"Medical review (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"5 1","pages":"44-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antimicrobial, remineralization, and infiltration: advanced strategies for interrupting dental caries.","authors":"Qingyi Yang, Fan Li, Yangyang Ye, Xu Zhang","doi":"10.1515/mr-2024-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mr-2024-0035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental caries, driven by plaque biofilm, poses a major oral health challenge due to imbalance in mineralization and demineralization. The primary objective in caries management is to maintain biofilm homeostasis while facilitating the repair and regeneration of dental hard tissues, thus restoring both structural integrity and functionality of affected teeth. Though antimicrobial and remineralization approaches haven shown promise, their standalone utilization without concurrent bacterial control or rebalancing lacks an integrated strategy to effectively arrest caries progression. Furthermore, according to the principles of minimally invasive dentistry, treatment materials should exhibit high permeability to ensure optimal sealing of demineralized tooth surfaces. The concept of interrupting dental caries (IDC) has emerged as a holistic approach, drawing upon extensive research encompassing three pivotal techniques: antibacterial strategies, remineralization therapies, and infiltration mechanisms, all of which are indispensable components in combating the progression of dental caries. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and applications of antibacterial, remineralization, and infiltration technologies within the context of caries management. Additionally, we summarize advanced materials that align with the IDC concept, aiming to offer valuable insights for designing next-generation materials adept at preventing or halting caries progression efficiently.</p>","PeriodicalId":74151,"journal":{"name":"Medical review (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"5 2","pages":"87-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanical force modulates inflammation and immunomodulation in periodontal ligament cells.","authors":"Jira Chansaenroj, Ravipha Suwittayarak, Hiroshi Egusa, Lakshman P Samaranayake, Thanaphum Osathanon","doi":"10.1515/mr-2024-0034","DOIUrl":"10.1515/mr-2024-0034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mechanical forces control a multitude of biological responses in various cells and tissues. The periodontal ligament, located between the tooth's root and alveolar bone, is a major tissue compartment that is incessantly subjected to such mechanical stimulation through either normal or abnormal oral functionality. It is now known that mechanical stimulation activates periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) to modulate periodontal immunity and regulate inflammation - a basic feature of periodontal disease that affects virtually every human during their lifetime. For instance, shear stress induces the expression of immunomodulatory-related gene, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). IDO cleaves l-tryptophan, resulting in increased l-kynurenine levels that, in turn, further promote regulatory T-cell differentiation and inhibit T cell proliferation. These and other related data reinforce the notion that mechanical stimulation plays a crucial role in controlling inflammation and immunomodulation of periodontal tissues. Further investigations, however, are warranted to evaluate the immunomodulatory features of PDLSCs so as to understand the pathological basis of periodontal disease and translate these into clinical interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":74151,"journal":{"name":"Medical review (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"4 6","pages":"544-548"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new year, a renewed dedication: greetings from Medical Review.","authors":"Qimin Zhan, Zhengwei Xie","doi":"10.1515/mr-2024-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mr-2024-0015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74151,"journal":{"name":"Medical review (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"4 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10954293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ronghua Hong, Bingyu Li, Yunjun Bao, Lingyu Liu, Lingjing Jin
{"title":"Therapeutic robots for post-stroke rehabilitation.","authors":"Ronghua Hong, Bingyu Li, Yunjun Bao, Lingyu Liu, Lingjing Jin","doi":"10.1515/mr-2023-0054","DOIUrl":"10.1515/mr-2023-0054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke is a prevalent, severe, and disabling health-care issue on a global scale, inevitably leading to motor and cognitive deficits. It has become one of the most significant challenges in China, resulting in substantial social and economic burdens. In addition to the medication and surgical interventions during the acute phase, rehabilitation treatment plays a crucial role in stroke care. Robotic technology takes distinct advantages over traditional physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy, and is increasingly gaining popularity in post-stroke rehabilitation. The use of rehabilitation robots not only alleviates the workload of healthcare professionals but also enhances the prognosis for specific stroke patients. This review presents a concise overview of the application of therapeutic robots in post-stroke rehabilitation, with particular emphasis on the recovery of motor and cognitive function.</p>","PeriodicalId":74151,"journal":{"name":"Medical review (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"4 1","pages":"55-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10954296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The new era of cardiovascular research: revolutionizing cardiovascular research with 3D models in a dish.","authors":"Yuan Yang, Hao Yang, Fedir N Kiskin, Joe Z Zhang","doi":"10.1515/mr-2023-0059","DOIUrl":"10.1515/mr-2023-0059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular research has heavily relied on studies using patient samples and animal models. However, patient studies often miss the data from the crucial early stage of cardiovascular diseases, as obtaining primary tissues at this stage is impracticable. Transgenic animal models can offer some insights into disease mechanisms, although they usually do not fully recapitulate the phenotype of cardiovascular diseases and their progression. In recent years, a promising breakthrough has emerged in the form of <i>in vitro</i> three-dimensional (3D) cardiovascular models utilizing human pluripotent stem cells. These innovative models recreate the intricate 3D structure of the human heart and vessels within a controlled environment. This advancement is pivotal as it addresses the existing gaps in cardiovascular research, allowing scientists to study different stages of cardiovascular diseases and specific drug responses using human-origin models. In this review, we first outline various approaches employed to generate these models. We then comprehensively discuss their applications in studying cardiovascular diseases by providing insights into molecular and cellular changes associated with cardiovascular conditions. Moreover, we highlight the potential of these 3D models serving as a platform for drug testing to assess drug efficacy and safety. Despite their immense potential, challenges persist, particularly in maintaining the complex structure of 3D heart and vessel models and ensuring their function is comparable to real organs. However, overcoming these challenges could revolutionize cardiovascular research. It has the potential to offer comprehensive mechanistic insights into human-specific disease processes, ultimately expediting the development of personalized therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74151,"journal":{"name":"Medical review (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"4 1","pages":"68-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10954298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harsh Patel, Jiaxin Li, Letao Bo, Riddhi Mehta, Charles R Ashby, Shanzhi Wang, Wei Cai, Zhe-Sheng Chen
{"title":"Nanotechnology-based delivery systems to overcome drug resistance in cancer.","authors":"Harsh Patel, Jiaxin Li, Letao Bo, Riddhi Mehta, Charles R Ashby, Shanzhi Wang, Wei Cai, Zhe-Sheng Chen","doi":"10.1515/mr-2023-0058","DOIUrl":"10.1515/mr-2023-0058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer nanomedicine is defined as the application of nanotechnology and nanomaterials for the formulation of cancer therapeutics that can overcome the impediments and restrictions of traditional chemotherapeutics. Multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells can be defined as a decrease or abrogation in the efficacy of anticancer drugs that have different molecular structures and mechanisms of action and is one of the primary causes of therapeutic failure. There have been successes in the development of cancer nanomedicine to overcome MDR; however, relatively few of these formulations have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of cancer. This is primarily due to the paucity of knowledge about nanotechnology and the fundamental biology of cancer cells. Here, we discuss the advances, types of nanomedicines, and the challenges regarding the translation of <i>in vitro</i> to <i>in vivo</i> results and their relevance to effective therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74151,"journal":{"name":"Medical review (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"4 1","pages":"5-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10954245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of clinical trials in advancing reproductive medicine: a comprehensive overview.","authors":"Tian Tian, Jie Qiao","doi":"10.1515/mr-2023-0053","DOIUrl":"10.1515/mr-2023-0053","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74151,"journal":{"name":"Medical review (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"3 5","pages":"363-365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10811349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139572258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}