{"title":"Multiple Pregnancy: An Increasingly Important Situation in the Current Era.","authors":"Gian Carlo Di Renzo, Huixia Yang","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/FM9.0000000000000123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":"4 4","pages":"233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12087879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Why the Silent Pandemic of Stillbirths Following COVID-19?","authors":"Mishu Mangla, Naina Kumar","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000154","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000154","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":" ","pages":"71-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44458053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yan Yu Li, Wing Yi Lok, Liona C Poon, Choi Wah Kong, William W K To
{"title":"Cross-Sectional Survey of Views on COVID-19 and Its Vaccines Among Pregnant Women.","authors":"Yan Yu Li, Wing Yi Lok, Liona C Poon, Choi Wah Kong, William W K To","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000149","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to evaluate the acceptance of pregnant women with regards to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination during pregnancy and to identify any significant changes in their anxiety and knowledge on COVID-19 compared to our previous study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional survey was performed in the antenatal clinics of United Christian Hospital and Tseung Kwan O Hospital of Hong Kong, China. Questionnaires were distributed to pregnant women for self-completion when attending follow-up from August to October 2021. Apart from basic demographic data, the questionnaire comprised of questions including knowledge on COVID-19 and its vaccines in pregnancy as well as attitudes and behaviors of pregnant women and their partners toward COVID-19. Continuous variables were analyzed by Student's test and Levene's test was used to confirm normal distribution and homogeneity of variance for continuous variables, whereas categorical variables were analyzed by the Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test as appropriate. A <i>P</i> value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 816 completed questionnaires were included for analysis. Pregnant women were less worried about COVID-19 in the current survey as compared to the last survey (393/816, 48.2% <i>vs</i>. 518/623, 83.1%, <i>P</i><0.001). Fewer pregnant women believed that pregnancy were more susceptible to contract SARS-CoV-2 as compared to the last survey (265/816, 32.5% <i>vs</i>. 261/623, 41.9%, <i>P</i><0.001). They have significant knowledge gap and concerns about COVID-19 vaccines. Nearly half of the participants believed that pregnant women cannot have COVID-19 vaccination (402/816, 49.3%) and it is unsafe to fetus (365/816, 44.7%). Around a third of women perceived that they were more prone to the side effects and complications of COVID-19 vaccines than the general population (312/816, 38.2%) and did not recognize that maternal COVID-19 vaccination could effect transferral of antibodies to the fetus to promote postnatal passive immunity (295/816, 36.2%). Most of them had not been vaccinated (715/816, 87.6%) and only (12/715) 1.7% of them would consider vaccination during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the local and international recommendations for pregnant women to be vaccinated, the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy remained extremely low. Efforts should be made to effectively provide information about the safety and benefits of COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy. There is an urgent need to booster vaccination rates in pregnant women to avoid excessive adverse pregnancy outcomes related to COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":"5 1","pages":"80-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47185249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fetal Growth in Twin Pregnancies and the Choice of Growth Chart.","authors":"Nir Melamed, Liran Hiersch","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000131","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000131","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":" ","pages":"234-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12087877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49142284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Geng Song, Yumei Wei, Juan Juan, Rina Su, Jianying Yan, Mei Xiao, Xianlan Zhao, Meihua Zhang, Yuyan Ma, Haiwei Liu, Jingxia Sun, Kejia Hu, Huixia Yang
{"title":"Risk Factors for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) in Subsequent Pregnancy Among Women Without GDM History in China: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.","authors":"Geng Song, Yumei Wei, Juan Juan, Rina Su, Jianying Yan, Mei Xiao, Xianlan Zhao, Meihua Zhang, Yuyan Ma, Haiwei Liu, Jingxia Sun, Kejia Hu, Huixia Yang","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000150","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the likelihood of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in subsequent pregnancy among women without GDM history and to identify risk factors for GDM in subsequent pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study involved participants who delivered twice in same hospital of 18 research centers when delivered the second baby from January 2018 to December 2018. Finally 6204 women were enrolled and 5180 women without GDM history were analyzed further. Women were categorized as non-GDM or GDM based on the blood glucose values of the subsequent pregnancy, and the characteristics and GDM risk of these groups were compared. A univariate analysis of potential risk factors was performed using the Chi-squared test and/or <i>t</i>-test for qualitative or quantitative variables, respectively. Associations with <i>P</i> values <0.1 were chosen to be included in the multivariate binary logistic regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In primary analysis of 6204 women, the incidence of GDM in subsequent pregnancy is 48.9% (490/1002) in women with GDM history and 16.1% (835/5202) in women without GDM history. In a further analysis for 5180 women without GDM at index pregnancy, compared with the non-GDM group, the GDM group had a significantly higher age, prepregnancy body mass index, and blood glucose value at each oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) timepoint (fasting, 1 h and 2 h) during the index and subsequent pregnancies, as well as higher weight retention during the interval between the two pregnancies (<i>P</i><0.001). Age above 35 years in subsequent pregnancy (odds ratio (<i>OR</i>)=1.540, 95% confidence interval (<i>CI</i>) = 1.257-1.886, <i>P</i><0.001), macrosomia in index pregnancy (<i>OR</i>=1.749, 95% <i>CI</i>=1.277-2.395, <i>P</i>=0.001), OGTT blood glucose values in index pregnancy (fasting, <i>OR</i>=2.487, 95% <i>CI</i>=1.883-3.285, <i>P</i><0.001; 1 h, <i>OR</i>=1.142, 95% <i>CI</i>=1.051-1.241, <i>P</i>=0.002; 2 h, <i>OR</i>=1.290, 95% <i>CI</i>=1.162-1.432, <i>P</i><0.001) and weight retention (<i>OR</i>=1.052, 95% <i>CI</i>=1.035-1.068, <i>P</i><0.001) were independent risk factors for GDM in subsequent pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For women without GDM history, GDM risk factors including age, macrosomia history, OGTT value, and weight retention, these can be evaluated before a subsequent pregnancy. Early warning and interventions are needed for women at high risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":"5 1","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44093336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Twin Deliveries - East Meets West.","authors":"Jon Barrett, Qiongjie Zhou","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000108","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mode of delivery in twin gestation has been a matter of debate for decades. In 2013, the only randomized controlled trial concerning mode of delivery in twin gestations was published, answering some of the most pressing questions in this matter. The Twin Birth Study randomized patients carrying dichorionic-diamniotic or monochorionic-diamniotic twins, with the first twin in cephalic presentation, between 32 and 39 weeks of gestation, to planned vaginal vs. planned cesarean delivery, and found no significant differences in perinatal or maternal outcomes. These clinical findings greatly benefit our clinical practice, but there lacks related study investigating how the practices have changed. In this review, we searched PubMed from 1980 through January 2021 using combinations of the following terms: twin, delivery, vaginal delivery, and cesarean section. We will try to address the known literature before and after the publication of the Twin Birth Study in western countries and compare that to what has been practiced in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":" ","pages":"251-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12087886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45961533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Madeline Droney, Samuel Scovell, Joanne Hatfield, Erin Pender
{"title":"Case Findings: Sodium Ferric Gluconate Complex and Fetal Bradycardia.","authors":"Madeline Droney, Samuel Scovell, Joanne Hatfield, Erin Pender","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000151","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anemia in pregnancy is a significant event that often requires treatment to prevent long term effects in the mother and the fetus. Many factors determine which iron preparation to use, including route and ease of administration, patient tolerability, safety, and cost. This case report summarizes two separate patient cases where sodium ferric gluconate complex was administered intravenously to pregnant women, resulting in fetal bradycardia and emergent cesarean procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":" ","pages":"260-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45706361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetics Etiologies Associated with Fetal Growth Restriction.","authors":"Dayuan Shi, Luyao Cai, Luming Sun","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000159","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with multiple adverse perinatal outcomes, such as increased risk of intrauterine death, neonatal morbidity and mortality, and long-term adverse outcomes. Genetic etiological factors are critical in fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction, including chromosomal abnormalities, copy number variants, single gene disorders, uniparental disomy, epigenetic changes, and confined placental mosaicism. This paper aims to provide an overview of genetic defects related to FGR and to highlight the importance of prenatal genetic counseling and testing for precise diagnosis and management of FGR.</p>","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":" 18","pages":"206-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41312357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Establishing Chinese Fetal Growth Standards: Why and How.","authors":"Xiaojing Zeng, Jing Zhu, Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000157","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Choosing a fetal growth standard or reference is crucial when defining normal and abnormal fetal growth. We reviewed the recently published standards and compared them with a customized fetal growth chart based on a nationwide population in China. There were substantial discrepancies in the fetal growth pattern, suggesting that these standards may not be applicable to Chinese fetuses. Developing a Chinese-specific standard may better meet our clinical requirements. We also discuss the steps to establish a Chinese fetal growth standard and the potential challenges, including regional disparities and accuracy of sonographic estimated fetal weight. Standardized ultrasound measurement protocol and the introduction of new ultrasonography technology may be helpful in developing a more precise standard than existing ones for the Chinese population.</p>","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":" ","pages":"197-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49197573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Update of Fetal Growth Restriction Associated with Biomarkers.","authors":"Liqun Sun","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000156","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fetal growth restriction (FGR) has a prevalence of about 10% worldwide and is associated with an increased risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity. FGR is commonly caused by placental insufficiency and can begin early (<32 weeks) or in late (≥32 weeks) gestational age. A false positive antenatal diagnosis may lead to unnecessary monitoring and interventions, as well as cause maternal anxiety. Whereas a false negative diagnosis exposes the fetus to an increased risk of stillbirth and renders the pregnancy ineligible from the appropriate care and potential treatments. The clinical management of FGR pregnancies faces a complex challenge of deciding on the optimal timing of delivery as currently the main solution is to deliver the baby early, but iatrogenic preterm delivery of infants is associated with adverse short- and long-term outcomes. Early and accurate diagnosis of FGR could aid in better stratification of clinical management, and the development and implementation of treatment options, ultimately benefiting clinical care and potentially improving both short- and long-term health outcomes. The aim of this review is to present the new insights on biomarkers of placenta insufficiency, including their current and potential value of biomarkers in the prediction and prevention for FGR, and highlight the association between biomarkers and adverse outcomes <i>in utero</i> to explore the specific mechanism of impaired fetal growth that establish the basis for disease later in life.</p>","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"210-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12094403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45298459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}