Aerosol and Air Quality Research最新文献

{"title":"Spatial Characteristics and Influence of Topography and Synoptic Systems on PM2.5 in the Eastern Monsoon Region of China","authors":"Shengli Zhu, Zhaowen Wang, Kai Qu, Jun Xu, Ji Zhang, Haiyi Yang, Wenxin Wang, X. Sui, Minghua Wei, Houfeng Liu","doi":"10.4209/aaqr.220393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220393","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the PM 2.5 concentration in the autumn and winter of 2015–2019, the characteristics of urban air pollution in the eastern monsoon region of China were discussed. The spatial distribution and interregional influence of fine particle pollution under different synoptic weather and topography in the eastern monsoon region of China were illustrated. According to synoptic systems, regional PM 2.5 pollution episodes were classified into three categories, including Uniform Pressure field (UP, 60.00%), Pre-High Pressure (PreHP, 30.91%) and Inverted-Trough (IT, 9.09%). The K-Means algorithm combined with the HYSPLIT backward trajectory clustering analysis indicated four clusters under UP controlled, and under weak pressure field was responsible for the elevation of PM 2.5 concentration, where the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas were the most polluted region. For PreHP, four clusters eased after cold front. For IT, three clusters were ascertained, and the severe PM 2.5 pollution area was in the central and southern of the North China Plain. This study provided a scientific basis for the joint prevention of PM 2.5 pollution based on topographic and meteorological characteristics in Eastern China.","PeriodicalId":7402,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70295423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Dispersion and Nature of Bioaerosols over a Solid Landfill Site in Central India","authors":"Dayaram Bhoyar Priyanka, Pooja Kamdi, Amit P. Bafana, P. Devara, Servana Sivanesan, Amrit Kumar, K. Krishnamurthi","doi":"10.4209/aaqr.220431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220431","url":null,"abstract":"Bioaerosols (or biological aerosols) consist of aerosol particles that originate biologically either as fully active component or as whole or part of inactive fragments. They are ubiquitously present in the atmospheric environment. They are the least investigated pollutants due to their complex structure and composition. The effects of bioaerosols, originating due to the processes, such as wastewater management, handling of sludge, composting, municipal solid waste","PeriodicalId":7402,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70295521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategy Design of PM2.5 Controlling for Northern Thailand","authors":"Karuna Jainontee, Prapat Pongkiatkul, Ying-Lin Wang, Roy J.F. Weng, Yi-Ting Lu, Ting Wang, Wang-Kun Chen","doi":"10.4209/aaqr.220432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220432","url":null,"abstract":"The emission of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) in dry season from the open biomass burning has caused a long-term negative impact on residents’ health in Northern Thailand. This study takes Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai provinces in Northern Thailand as the study areas to identify pollution episodes, analyze PM 2.5 source trajectories, and finally propose pollution control strategies accordingly. PM 2.5 levels during 2019–2021 of three representative air pollution monitoring stations (i.e., Chaing Mai-35T, Chiang Rai-57T, and Mae Sai-73T) in these two provinces were collected and analyzed. The Air Quality Index (AQI) defined by PM 2.5 level higher than 91 µ g m –3 causing serious adverse health effects was adopted to define periods having pollution levels, and the days of the air pollution episodes were identified. Based on these episodes, we applied the backward trajectory model to identify the sources of pollutants. Results showed that PM 2.5 levels were significantly higher between February to April compared with other months during 2019– 2021 at all three monitoring stations, indicating the severity of PM 2.5 episode during the dry season. The backward trajectory demonstrated that air mass transported through the Northern Thailand or nearby mountain areas (categorized as long-or short-transport-distance) contributed up to 21.6% and 75.9% of the total air mass, respectively. Although residents in these mountainous areas are accustomed to the biomass burning, we suggested that there should be urgent needs for the improvement of the long-term air quality in these two provinces. Therefore, this study proposes some control strategies including improvement of prevention knowledge, increase of the risk perception, cultivation of the protection behavior, and intensification of the social influence. In addition to reducing biomass burning pollution, this improvement plan also has a co-benefit of achieving resources recycling concomitantly. Providing effective management strategies may reduce the adverse health effects to Thai residents.","PeriodicalId":7402,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","volume":"10 23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70295758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sources of PM2.5 Oxidative Potential during Haze and Non-haze Seasons in Chiang Mai, Thailand","authors":"Pitakchon Ponsawansong, T. Prapamontol, K. Rerkasem, S. Chantara, Kraichat Tantrakarnapa, S. Kawichai, Guoxing Li, Cao Fang, Xiaochuan Pan, Yanlin Zhang","doi":"10.4209/aaqr.230030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.230030","url":null,"abstract":"Dithiothreitol (DTT) assay is an acellular technique used to investigate the oxidative potential (OP) of chemical substances bound on PM, which may potentially lead to oxidative stress after exposure. In this study, the source contributions of 16 high priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), and 10 species of water-soluble inorganic ions bound on PM 2.5 and their OP were investigated using DTT assay. The 24-hr ambient PM 2.5 samples were collected throughout 2018–2019 and the analyzed OP was compared during haze episodes, which generally occurs in the dry season, and non-haze rainy season in the Chiang Mai-Lamphun basin. During haze episodes, DTTv activity was positively correlated with 4–5 rings PAHs including fluoranthene (Fla) pyrene (Pyr), benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), chrysene (Chr), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF) and benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF) with coefficient ranging from 0.327 to 0.545, p = 0.002 to 0.009 (Pearson’s correlation). Inorganic ions, particularly NH 4+ , SO 42– , and NO 3– , which are the tracers of secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA), were positively correlated with DTTv activity (r = 0.394 to 0.659. p = 0.000 to 0.047; Spearman’s correlation). Positive matrix factorization (PMF) indicated the biomass burning factor had the highest contribution (57.9%) to PM 2.5 during haze episodes, followed by SIA (26.2%), and vehicle exhausts (7.8%). Furthermore, multiple linear regression (MLR) showed that biomass burning was the highest contributor to DTTv (43.0%). These results suggest that during haze episodes, higher levels of PM 2.5 and its chemical compositions play a crucial role on OP, particularly DTTv activity, which may induce oxidative stress in human body.","PeriodicalId":7402,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70296784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical Performance of Sodium Tungsten Bronze Particles in Transparent Matrix: An Ensemble Particle Modeling Study","authors":"Hao Tu, Da-Ren Chen","doi":"10.4209/aaqr.230085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.230085","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract","PeriodicalId":7402,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70297218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of Aerosol and Air Pollution in South Eastern Asia Countries","authors":"Tsrong-Yi Wen, S. Chantara, J. Jalaludin, Puji Lestari, A. D. Syafei, T. V. Pham, Y. Tsai","doi":"10.4209/aaqr.230055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.230055","url":null,"abstract":"This paper consists of several topics on aerosol and air pollution in South Eastern Asia countries, including exposure and health effects of aerosol in Malaysia, characteristics/sources of particulate matter (PM) in Surabaya, Indonesia, size fraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Chiang Mai, Thailand, and removal of PMs using sodium hydroxyl and electrostatic precipitator (ESP) in Vietnam. Findings in Malaysia indicated that exposure to PM was associated with respiratory symptoms such as phlegm, coughing, wheezing and chest tightness among children in urban areas. Characterization of PM 2.5 and PM 2.5-10 samples collected in an industrial area in Surabaya, Indonesia showed that the highest levels of individual elements in PM 2.5 were S, Na, Si and K, and in PM 2.5-10 were Si, Ca, Cl, Na, and Mg. The main potential sources of PM 2.5 were diesel vehicle emission, a mixture of Cu industry and biomass combustion, metal industries using Ni, and construction, with contributions of 33%, 24.1%, 11.4%, and 7.9%, respectively. Meanwhile, main sources of PM 2.5-10 were soil dust and port industry, construction, road dust, and sea salt, with contributions of 32%, 28.8%, 14%, and 10%, respectively. In Chiang Mai, the highest PM mass and PAHs concentrations were found in the finest particle sizes (0.65 µ m – 0.43 µ m) in periods of intensive open burning (IOB) and low open burning (LOB), in both urban and rural areas, and the PAHs concentration (5.10 ng m – 3 ) in the fine fraction accounted for 45% to 47% and 32% to 37% during IOB and LOB periods, respectively. The study of particle removal from a charcoal kiln in Vietnam using a water and sodium hydroxyl solution sprayed in a top-down direction with fine droplets showed a removal efficiency of total dust of about 47.5% on average, while an ESP removed PM with high collection efficiency and low-pressure drop.","PeriodicalId":7402,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70297384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory Admissions Linked to Air Pollution in a Medium Sized City of the UK: A Case-crossover Study","authors":"Catherine A Fitton, B. Cox, M. Stewart, James Chalmers, J. Belch","doi":"10.4209/aaqr.230062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.230062","url":null,"abstract":"This study, from the Tayside Pollution Research Programme (TPRP), aims to investigate the effects of air pollution on respiratory hospital admissions in adults and children < 16 y of age, over a 14-year period, in Dundee, Scotland (population circa 148,270). We conducted a case-crossover study using routinely collected healthcare records from Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, Scotland from 2004 to 2017. Respiratory hospitalisation events were linked to daily nitric oxide gases (NO x , NO 2 , NO) extracted from publicly available data over this period. We used distributed lag models to allow for delayed effects of air pollutants up to 14 days. A total of 34,192 hospital admissions for a respiratory condition were included in this study (children = 9,501; adults = 24,691). Respiratory admissions in children were significantly associated with cumulative 14-day exposure to NO x (RR for a 10 µ g m –3 increase in concentration 1.020; 95% confidence interval 1.010–1.031), NO 2 (RR 1.086; 95% CI 1.036–1.139) and NO (RR 1.033; 95% CI 1.016–1.052). Similar estimates were observed for acute respiratory infection categories in children. Effects appeared to be somewhat delayed, with the largest estimates mostly observed around lag 6. No significant association was seen for respiratory admissions in adults. This study shows that both NO and NO 2 are associated with increased respiratory hospital admissions in children < 16 y of age, and that much more should be done to improve and enforce the established legal NO x pollution limits in cities for the sake of our children’s health.","PeriodicalId":7402,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70297504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-paste Bag Performance of Water-repellent Filter Media in High-humidity Environments Considering Ultra-low Emissions","authors":"Zhongkai Yu, Erbao Guo, Xingcheng Liu, Yuemin Li","doi":"10.4209/aaqr.230148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.230148","url":null,"abstract":"This study performed surface treatment of Flumex, polyimide, and membrane-covered aramid (chosen as test substrates) by the C8-1833 water-repellent agent. Five key parameters (C8-1833 concentration, impregnation time, rolling residue rate, baking temperature, and baking time) were selected to investigate their effects on the filter media’s water-repellent grade and air permeability variation rate. Through an orthogonal optimization test, the optimal water-repellent process parameters were determined. Air and dust filter media test beds were employed to assess the anti-paste bag performance of water-repellent and membrane-covered filter media under high-humidity conditions. The results indicate that the water-repellent grade of the filter media was unaffected by the baking time during complete drying. At water- repellent agent concentrations of no less than 30 g L-1, impregnation times exceeding 3 s, baking temperatures exceeding 240℃, and rolling residue rates below 46%, both filter materials achieved a water-repellent grade 8. Under optimized processing conditions, the water-repellent grade of the filter media reached 8, and the contact angle was maximized, significantly enhancing the hydrophobicity. Both water-repellent and membrane-covered filter media delayed wet dust adhesion. However, in excessively high humidity of flue gas, sustained filtration performance of the filter media might not be achievable. In bag sticking or rapid condensation situations, the water-repellent filter material should be initially dried using high-temperature flue gas and subsequently restores its filtration performance through thorough dust cleaning.","PeriodicalId":7402,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136258287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Face Masks and Prevention of Respiratory Viral Infections: An Overview","authors":"C. Wang","doi":"10.4209/aaqr.220343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220343","url":null,"abstract":"Airborne transmission of respiratory viruses consists of three sequential steps: (1) release of respiratory fluids in the form of droplets from the nose and mouth of an infected person, (2) transport of the droplets through air, and (3) entry of the droplets into the nose and mouth of an uninfected individual. Talking, coughing, and sneezing emit droplets across a spectrum of sizes. The water in exhaled droplets begins to evaporate in air and, as a result, the droplets are reduced in size shortly after being emitted. Face masks are effective for capturing droplets just released from the nose and mouth. Studies indicate that more than 50% of community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is from asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic cases. Use of face masks by the public can effectively reduce the chance of infected individuals unknowingly spreading the virus. In addition to being an effective device for source control, face masks can protect the wearers from inhaling virus-laden droplets. Cloth masks and disposable masks provide reasonable protection for the public, while surgical masks and N95 respirators give higher levels of protection as needed in healthcare settings. Made with varied materials, these masks have different structural characteristics. The collection efficiency of a face mask depends on droplet size, face velocity, and the structural characteristics of the mask. For a given mask, capturing droplets is more effective during exhalation than during inhalation. Pressure drop across the mask should be taken into consideration when selecting a face mask. The best face mask is the one that gives the highest collection efficiency with the least pressure drop. For an effective protection, a mask should fit the face properly. While face masks have proven adequate in reducing airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infections, continuous improvement is needed to better prepare for future respiratory viral threats. © The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited.","PeriodicalId":7402,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70294583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Current Status of Atmospheric Micro/Nanoplastics Research: Characterization, Analytical methods, Fate, and Human Health Risk","authors":"H. Kung, Chien-Hsing Wu, N. Cheruiyot, Justus Kavita Mutuku, B. Huang, G. Chang-Chien","doi":"10.4209/aaqr.220362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220362","url":null,"abstract":"23 Atmospheric plastic debris (microplastic and nanoplastic) research is","PeriodicalId":7402,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70294747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}