Journal of sleep disorders & therapy最新文献

{"title":"The Awakening Futures Sound Positive! Commentary On The Efficacy For Audio To Counteract Sleep Inertia","authors":"Stuart J. McFarlane, Jair E. Garcia, A. Dyer","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.326","url":null,"abstract":"The feeling of grogginess and lack of alertness one may experience upon, and post-awakening is a physiological phenomenon termed 'sleep inertia' [1-3]. Compared to wholly awake participants, individuals experiencing sleep inertia show decrements in performance which can be reflected in significantly poorer accuracy, memory, complex decision making, and slower reaction time (RT). The duration and severity of sleep inertia is variable and can be influenced by factors such as sleep stage at awakening, sleep deprivation, time of day, as well as a variety of reactive countermeasures [4] like caffeine [5-7] or lighting treatments [8-10]. Research suggests that a typical bout of sleep inertia may last for approximately 30 minutes, however, durations of up to 4 hours have also been reported [1,11-15]. Indeed, in many scenarios sleep inertia represents a multidimensional performance decrement that has the proven potential to negatively impact real-world situations and is frequently highlighted as a research field requiring improved understanding to allay such occurrences [16-23]. For example, in the 2010 Air India Express air crash disaster that resulted in 158 fatalities, it has been shown that the captain of the aircraft had recently woken from an in-flight nap prior to the accident. The poor decisions made by the pilot in the time-frame from awakening to crashing were attributed to the disaster and have been linked to the effects of sleep inertia [23]. Tragedies such as this highlight the importance of maintaining situational awareness in demanding and critical settings. In everyday scenarios, the impacts of sleep inertia cannot be underestimated. It is estimated that on a global economic scale the financial losses as a result of sleep deprivation (a known factor to enhance sleep inertia) amount to hundreds of billions of dollars annually [24,25]. Thus, countermeasure treatments for the reduction of sleep inertia are warranted to ensure safety among citizens in public space, domestic, and employment settings.","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69990139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Note on Psychosis and schizophrenia","authors":"Amedeo Xu","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.E114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.E114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69990977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schizophrenia Disorder Communication","authors":"Jassel Phelia","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.334","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69990197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Note for Journal of Sleep Disorders & Therapy","authors":"Amedeo Xu","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.E107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.E107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69990940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why Are Undergraduate Students Sleepy and Sleep Deprived","authors":"Sim Es, Giovanna Caldeira, Soares, C. Paula","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.20.9.323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.20.9.323","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep problems are an increasingly prevalent health condition in modern society and studies have shown that university period is a landmark for sleepiness and poor sleep quality. These sleep changes could be responsible not just for poor academic performance, but also be the cause of health issues, especially mental diseases. Sleep deprivation in university students arises from multiple factors. In this study we aimed to describe social aspects, academic workload and the correlation between daytime sleepiness and the quality of sleep between students of different academic degrees. This research analyzed the correlation between the levels of daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale - ESS), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index - PSQI) and academic workload and applied a sociodemographic questionnaire to university students. The sample (mean age: 22.2 years, SD=4.4) was made up of 55 students of law, 107 of civil engineering and 167 of medicine. The results of the average daytime sleepiness, researched using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale was 11.5 points (SD= 4.8) in Law, 10.5 (SD= 4.1) in Civil Engineering and 11.1 (SD= 4.1) in Medicine, as the quality of sleep, investigated with the Pittsburgh Index, the results were 8.7 (SD=2.6), 7.1 (SD=2.8) and 8.6 (SD=3.1), respectively. There were no significant differences in sleepiness (f=1.1; p>0.05) between courses, but in sleep quality there were significant differences (f=8.1; p 0.05), Civil Engineering (r= 0.09; p>0.05) and Medicine (r=0.17; p>0.05). In our sample, we found poor sleep quality and daytime sleepiness, regardless of degree and the workload required by it. Besides the discrepancies of workload and work activities our findings reinforce the idea that the cause of somnolence, poor sleep and sleep deprivation is multifactorial and highly prevalent in undergraduate students.","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69989192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transvenous Phrenic Nerve Stimulation and Automatic Positive Airway Pressure Therapy for Treating Central Sleep Apnea and Residual Obstructive Sleep Apnea","authors":"Daniel M. Beyerbach, Jill Fricke, Kristofer J. James, S. McKane, Karthikeyan Kanagarajan","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.20.9.311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.20.9.311","url":null,"abstract":"Central sleep apnea (CSA) is a neurological breathing disorder resulting from intermittent disruptions in the neural drive to breath. CSA and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), caused by partial or complete airway blockage, sometimes occur together. The remede System (Respicardia, Minnetonka, MN) is an implantable device that delivers transvenous phrenic nerve stimulation therapy (TPNS) to treat CSA. A patient who failed previous Positive Airway Pressure (PAP) therapies presented with severe CSA and OSA with a baseline Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) of 98.1 events/hour. The patient was implanted with a TPNS device and titrated to maximum effectiveness. His CSA improved, but still had persistent OSA. PAP therapy was added to supplement the TPNS. With TPNS off, PAP therapy treated obstructive events but not the central events. TPNS alone treated the central events but not the obstructive events. With both therapies on, CSA and OSA were controlled and breathing was normalized (AHI=3.8). ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01816776.","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"33 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69988289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the identification and triage of patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea who require treatment: The Merlin tool for high risk populations","authors":"A. Scott, Akke Vellinga, Miriam Geehan, Mohammad Ahmed, E. Mulloy, Gilmartin Jj","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.20.9.313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.20.9.313","url":null,"abstract":"Aims and objectives: A number of validated questionnaires are routinely used to screen specific populations for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) including the STOP, STOP-Bang, Berlin and Epworth sleepiness scales. These questionnaires depend on subjective questions which cannot be independently confirmed. The subjective questions also result in high sensitivity and low specificity as they are generally resulting from OSA. The aim of the study was to identify verifiable and independently measurable risk factors and increase specificity to limit the number of polysomnography evaluations (PE) and lower healthcare cost. Methods: A retrospective data collection of patients (N=164) enrolled for PE was performed which included the results of STOP, STOP Bang, Berlin and Epworth questionnaires as well as demographic and health related variables. OSA was defined as an AHI>=15 obtained from an overnight PE. Sensitivity and specificity of each questionnaire as well as for combinations of other, independently verifiable factors (IVF) was calculated. A new questionnaire was devised including the IVFs and data was prospectively collected from patients undergoing PE (N=209). Results: The retrospective analysis identified age>50, male, BMI>30, alcohol consumption >21 per week, collar circumference>16 inches (40 cm), diabetes, use of antidepressants and high blood pressure as the most influential factors. Prospective data collection was performed and analysis resulted in a new scale with a cut off of 3 based on the following equation: OSA=(2*BMI>30)+(Age>50)+(Male)+(neck>16)+(diabetes)+(alcohol>21unit/week). For every 100 patients with OSA, the total number enrolled for PE based on each screening tool were respectively for STOP 92 enrolled of whom 41 were diagnosed and 1 patient missed, for STOP-Bang 94 enrolled, 42 identified and 1 missed, Berlin 83 enrolled, 36 identified and 7 missed, Epworth 46 enrolled, 22 identified and 20 missed and our new screening tool 65 enrolled, 35 identified and 8 missed. Conclusion: In a high risk population of patients referred for PE we identified independently verifiable factors associated with OSA and with only 2/3 of patients enrolled for PE, we identified most OSA cases while keeping the number of missed cases down.","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69988629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effect of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Treatment with CPAP on Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) among post-menopausal women","authors":"A. Reihani, J. VanHouten, Vivek Jain","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.20.9.322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.20.9.322","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Menopause is associated with increases in sleep-related complaints, including insomnia and mood disorders with associated sleep disruption. Decreased sleep efficiency seen on the polysomnography (PSG) may be related to menopause, OSA, or aging. To identify and treat a new pattern of problems that present with the onset of menopause, sleep physicians should have a better understanding of the effect of OSA treatment with CPAP on quality of life among menopausal women. Therefore, in this study, we hypothesized that sleep architecture improvement with the treatment of OSA would result in subjective improvements in sleep quality in postmenopausal women as assessed by the Post PSG Sleep Assessment (PPSA). Method: In this study, we prospectively analyzed 49 menopausal women diagnosed with OSA presenting to the George Washington University’s Medical Faculty Associates, Center for Sleep Disorders. From 2012 to 2016, this sample of responders was invited to undergo in-laboratory polysomnography. Patients were treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Pre-treatment SF-36, Hamilton rating scales (HAM-D) for depression, insomnia severity index, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), and MRS scores were compared with three-month post-treatment scores with Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Result: During the recruitment period, 60 women underwent polysomnography and were diagnosed with moderate to severe sleep apnea. During the initial follow up visit, 49 women met the eligibility criteria for the study. There was a trend for higher average Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) in patients who were non-compliant to the CPAP treatment (Using the Medicare adherence criteria of ≥ 4 h of use on 70% of nights) than the individuals who adhere to the CPAP treatment. (7.29 versus 6.0 respectively, p< .849). Conclusion: Although findings show that compliance to Obstructive Sleep Apnea (as assessed by AHI) treatment with CPAP, was unrelated to the severity of menopausal symptoms, there is good evidence that treating OSA improves depression with OSA-related symptoms (i.e., daytime sleepiness, cognitive deficits, etc.). Overall, this study shows that sleep apnea symptoms are more severely expressed by OSA patients who are non-compliant with CPAP treatment.","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69989141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Utility of Actigraphy to Measure Sleep in Chronic Pain Patients and Its Concordance with Other Sleep Measures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Dong An, J. Selvanathan, J. Wong, C. Suen, S. Mir, Marina F Englesakis, F. Chung","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.19.9.308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.19.9.308","url":null,"abstract":"There may be a bidirectional relationship between sleep and pain in patients with chronic pain. Actigraphy is increasingly being used as a non-invasive and objective method to assess sleep in chronic pain patients. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the utility of actigraphy in chronic pain patients. Additionally, meta-analyses were conducted to compare sleep parameters measured by actigraphy with those measured by sleep diary and polysomnography. Medline (1946-2019), Medline In-Process (May 2019), Embase (1947-2019), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (1991-2019), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2005-2019), and PubMed-NOTMedline (1946-2019) were searched for studies using actigraphy to measure sleep in chronic pain patients. Using the random effects model, meta-analyses were conducted to examine the concordance of actigraphy versus sleep diary and actigraphy versus polysomnography for commonly measured sleep parameters. Thirty-four studies with 3,590 patients were included. As an adjunct to sleep diary, actigraphy detected improvements in various sleep parameters after interventions in 10 studies and provided a useful objective sleep metric when comparing pain patients with healthy subjects in four studies; however, diary measurements were more “sensitive”. Comparing sleep diary versus actigraphy, sleep onset latency was significantly lower with actigraphy (mean difference of 22.7 minutes lower; 95% confidence interval: 13.2 to 32.2 minutes lower; p<0.01). No sleep parameters were significantly different between polysomnography and actigraphy; however, the confidence intervals were large. Actigraphy is an objective assessment tool that is being increasingly utilized to measure sleep in chronic pain patients. Based on studies that have measured sleep with both sleep diary and actigraphy, there are intrinsic differences between the two assessment methods as actigraphy lacks the cognitive component of subjective measures. Even though no differences in sleep parameters were detected between actigraphy and polysomnography, it cannot be established that the two are equivalent objective measures because of the limited number of studies and large variability.","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69988245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Bioadaptive Changes in the Pharyngeal Airway and Hyoid Position Following Mandibular Setback Surgery: A Cephalometric Study","authors":"C. P. Dain, Joseph Thomas","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.20.9.321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.20.9.321","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Patients who underwent bilateral sagittal split osteotomy with mandibular setback had been evaluated using lateral cephalograms to identify sites of mechanical obstruction that predispose to airway obstruction. The bioadaptive changes that occur in the peri-airway structures in the post-operative period were evaluated. Methods: The hard and soft tissue landmarks used in cephalometry were used to trace and measure the pharyngeal airway space (PAS) and changes in position of hyoid. Amount of mandibular setback, PAS width, PAS area and changes in the hyoid position were recorded. The difference in pre- and post-operative values measured from cephalometric tracings were analyzed statistically using repeated measure ANOVA. Results: The results demonstrated a significant reduction in PAS width and area corresponding to the decrease in length of mandible after BSSO setback. The decrease in PAS width was found to be 41% of the amount of mandibular setback at 6 months. The mean mandibular setback recorded at 6 months was 8.2 mm. The mean reduction in PAS width registered at 3 and 6 months were 3.8 mm and 3.4 mm (p value 0.001),marginally reclaiming the PAS width at 6 months. The mean reduction in PAS area at 3 and 6 months were 1.6 cm2 and 2.1cm2 (p value 0.009) demonstrating no recovery in the PAS area. The hyoid was displaced posteriorly and inferiorly; the mean displacements in the posterior direction at 3 and 6 months were 2.6 mm and 2 mm (p value 0.013) and inferior direction were 3 mm and 4 mm. Conclusion: Mandibular setback surgery has the potential for narrowing the pharyngeal airway space with a significant reduction in PAS width and area, that could predispose to OSA. The results demonstrate that bioadaptive changes of the hyoid are greater post-surgery and tend to settle in the direction of its pre-surgical position in the anteroposterior plane and drift inferiorly in the supero-inferior plane in an attempt to restore the airway space.","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69988531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}