Journal of psychopathology and clinical science最新文献

{"title":"Application and expansion of an algorithm predicting attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and impairment in a predominantly White sample.","authors":"Patrick K Goh, Ashley G Eng, Pevitr S Bansal, Yunjin T Kim, Sarah A Miller, Michelle M Martel, Russell A Barkley","doi":"10.1037/abn0000909","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0000909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current assessment protocols for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) focus heavily on a set of highly overlapping symptoms, with well-validated factors like cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS), executive function (EF), age, sex, and race and ethnicity generally being ignored. Using machine learning techniques, the current study aimed to validate recent findings proposing a subset of ADHD symptoms that, together, predict ADHD diagnosis, severity, and impairment level better than the full symptom list, while also testing whether the inclusion of the factors listed above could further increase accuracy. Parents of 1,922 children (50.1% male) aged 6-17 years completed rating scales of ADHD, CDS, EF, and impairment. Results suggested nine symptoms as most important in predicting outcomes: (a) has difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities; (b) does not follow through on instructions and fails to finish work; (c) avoids tasks (e.g., schoolwork, homework) that require sustained mental effort; (d) is often easily distracted; (e) has difficulty organizing tasks and activities; (f) is often forgetful in daily activities; (g) fidgets with hands or feet or squirms in seat; (h) interrupts/intrudes on others; and (i) shifts around excessively or feels restless or hemmed in. The abbreviated algorithm achieved accuracy rates that did not significantly differ compared to an algorithm comprising all 18 symptoms in predicting impairment, while also demonstrating excellent discriminative ability in predicting ADHD diagnosis. Adding CDS and EF to the abbreviated algorithm further improved the prediction of global impairment. Continued refinement of screening tools will be key to ensuring access to clinical services for youth at risk for ADHD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":"565-576"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dynamics of emotion-related impulsivity: An analysis of momentary self-efficacy and daily emotion-driven urges and actions via ecological momentary assessment.","authors":"Jeremy B Clift, Jennifer C Veilleux","doi":"10.1037/abn0000947","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0000947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emotion-related impulsivity-the engagement in impulsive reactions specifically in response to emotions-is considered a transdiagnostic factor underlying psychopathology. The reflexive responding to emotion (RRE) model of emotion-related impulsivity (Carver et al., 2008) suggests that sensitivities to reward and threat in combination with control over emotion are factors that result in internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. In the current study, we adapt the trait-based RRE model to momentary states by evaluating how within-person fluctuations in affect combine with perceptions of momentary emotional control to predict impulsive, rash action and inaction in daily life. Participants (college students and adults recruited from the community: <i>N</i> = 197) completed 8 days of ecological momentary assessment, where we assessed current affect, perceptions of momentary emotional control (via distress intolerance and willpower), and urges for rash action and inaction (5,353 momentary prompts completed). We also assessed subsequent engagement in rash action and inaction. Using multilevel modeling, we found that when people feel greater positive affect and lower negative affect, they also report greater subjective willpower and lower distress intolerance, replicating past ecological momentary assessment findings. Furthermore, we found that momentary perceptions of momentary emotional control moderated the relationship between (a) affect and urges for rash action and (b) affect and engagement in rash action at follow-up. Findings support a dynamic model of the RRE model, confirming that perceptions of momentary emotional control are relevant for both rash action and inaction, particularly when occurring alongside shifts in affect. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":"541-553"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Affective motivations for substance misuse differentially relate to consideration of multiple costs during effortful decision making.","authors":"Sonia G Ruiz, Ifat Levy, Arielle Baskin-Sommers","doi":"10.1037/abn0000931","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0000931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heightened sensitivity to costs during decision making consistently has been related to substance use. However, no work in this area has manipulated cost information to examine how people evaluate and compare multiple costs. Furthermore, limited work has examined how affective motivations for substance use modulate the evaluation of cost information. We administered a loss-frame variant of the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task in a diverse community sample (<i>N</i> = 126). Individuals who use substances to avoid negative affect allocated comparable effort across varying likelihoods of loss and computational modeling parameters indicated that they did not systematically consider cost information, which ultimately led these individuals to exert effort when it was disadvantageous to do so. Individuals who use substances to enhance positive affect allocated effort when loss magnitudes were small, suggesting that they effectively compared costs and worked to minimize those costs. Motivations for substance use differentially relate to the comparison of costly information, ultimately influencing effective decision making. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":"554-564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141891166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying factors impacting missingness within smartphone-based research: Implications for intensive longitudinal studies of adolescent suicidal thoughts and behaviors.","authors":"Paul A Bloom, Ranqing Lan, Hanga Galfalvy, Ying Liu, Alma Bitran, Karla Joyce, Katherine Durham, Giovanna Porta, Jaclyn S Kirshenbaum, Rahil Kamath, Trinity C Tse, Lauren Chernick, Lauren E Kahn, Ryann Crowley, Esha Trivedi, David Brent, Nicholas B Allen, David Pagliaccio, Randy P Auerbach","doi":"10.1037/abn0000930","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0000930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intensive longitudinal research-including experience sampling and smartphone sensor monitoring-has potential for identifying proximal risk factors for psychopathology, including suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB). Yet, missing data can complicate analysis and interpretation. This study aimed to address whether clinical and study design factors are associated with missing data and whether missingness predicts changes in symptom severity or STB. Adolescents ages 13- to 18 years old (<i>N</i> = 179) reporting depressive, anxiety, and/or substance use disorders were enrolled; 65% reported current suicidal ideation and 29% indicated a past-year attempt. Passively acquired smartphone sensor data (e.g., global positioning system, accelerometer, and keyboard inputs), daily mood surveys, and weekly suicidal ideation surveys were collected during the 6-month study period using the effortless assessment research system smartphone app. First, acquisition of passive smartphone sensor data (with data on ∼80% of days across the whole sample) was strongly associated with survey data acquisition on the same day (∼44% of days). Second, STB and psychiatric symptoms were largely not associated with missing data. Rather, temporal features (e.g., length of time in study, weekends, and summer) explained more missingness of survey and passive smartphone sensor data. Last, within-participant changes in missing data over time neither followed nor predicted subsequent change in suicidal ideation and psychiatric symptoms. Findings indicate that considering technical and study design factors impacting missingness is critical and highlight several factors that should be addressed to maximize the validity of clinical interpretations in intensive longitudinal research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":"577-597"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond a dichotomous operationalization of suicide attempts.","authors":"Ian H Stanley, Brian P Marx","doi":"10.1037/abn0000927","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0000927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Suicide attempts (SAs) are commonly assessed by asking patients and study participants face-valid questions about whether an individual has engaged in any self-injurious behavior with the intent to die within a given timeframe. Unfortunately, for most clinical and scientific endeavors, only information about the presence vs. absence of a SA is documented and analyzed. In this Viewpoint, we discuss how such a dichotomous operationalization of SAs obscures important heterogeneity among those who have attempted suicide. There are several facets of SAs, beyond the simple presence vs. absence, that are important to consider because they have implications regarding acute and long-term clinical outcomes. These facets include the level of intent to die, the means used and associated risk for death, the actual medical consequences of the attempt, and the chronicity of the behavior. We discuss how considering these SA facets-in theory testing and refinement, the design, analysis, and interpretation of research findings, and clinical practice-will improve the impact of scientific findings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":"505-506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The P300 and hierarchical dimensions of psychopathology.","authors":"Jadyn Trayvick, Elise M Adams, Brady D Nelson","doi":"10.1037/abn0000955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) framework offers the potential to better understand how neurobiological mechanisms relate to psychopathology. The P300 is an event-related potential component that indexes attention, stimulus evaluation, and categorization. A blunted P300 has been associated with psychiatric disorders across externalizing, internalizing, and thought disorder domains. However, there has been little research investigating whether the P300 is related to higher-order dimensions of psychopathology. In a sample of 225 adults aged 18-35 years (<i>M</i>_age = 23.09, <i>SD</i> = 3.83, 82.2% female) who were oversampled for psychopathology, the present study examined the associations between the P300 and both psychopathology spectra and a general factor. Participants completed multiple experimental tasks, while electroencephalography was recorded to measure the P300 elicited by auditory, tactile, and visual stimuli. Participants also completed the self-report Comprehensive Assessment of Traits Relevant to Personality Disorder to assess pathological personality dimensions. We used structural equation modeling to examine the relationship between a latent P300 factor and both psychopathology spectra (negative emotionality, detachment, psychoticism, disinhibition, and antagonism) and a general factor. The results indicated that the P300 was inversely related to the general factor. Further analyses revealed no relationships between the P300 and any individual spectrum when accounting for the general factor. Overall, the present study indicates that the P300 is associated with the general factor of psychopathology, which might explain its association with multiple categorical disorders. The study also demonstrates the potential importance of neuroscience-informed dimensional systems to understand clinical phenomena. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142333906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating differential item functioning among borderline personality disorder diagnostic criteria and internalizing/externalizing domains based on sexual orientation.","authors":"Shayan Asadi,Takakuni Suzuki,Craig Rodriguez-Seijas","doi":"10.1037/abn0000941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000941","url":null,"abstract":"Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is more frequently diagnosed among sexual minority (SM) populations. SM populations also report higher levels of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, two core domains of clinical problems that are highly comorbid with BPD. Contextual factors (e.g., group-specific norms) might affect endorsement of BPD items for reasons other than an underlying liability to experience BPD or internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. Therefore, BPD items may be \"easier\" to endorse (i.e., be associated with lower indicator thresholds) for SM populations relative to non-SM populations. We tested this hypothesis in a large, nationally representative sample of the U.S. population (N = 35,723, SM n = 1,150) using an item response theory approach. Several BPD indicators demonstrated differential item functioning of indicator thresholds, though these results varied based on impairment and sex. Endorsement of impulsive sex and chronic suicidality were consistently associated with lower indicator thresholds among SM groups; lower BPD, internalizing and externalizing factor levels were necessary for item endorsement for SM individuals. Chronic suicidality and impulsivity criteria may conflate BPD-related variance with SM-specific factors, such as potentially nonpathological SM group norms and minority stress processes. Implications for equitable diagnosis and future research on the BPD syndrome in SM populations are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social media and youth mental health: Simple narratives produce biased interpretations.","authors":"Craig J R Sewall,Douglas A Parry","doi":"10.1037/abn0000950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000950","url":null,"abstract":"Many academics and pundits contend that social media use is the primary cause of an international youth mental health crisis. However, these claims often rely on correlational evidence, ignoring the confounding effects of developmental, environmental, social, and psychological factors that influence mental health. This oversimplifies the complex etiology of mental health problems. We call for a more nuanced understanding of the role of social media in youth mental health that avoids oversimplification. Additionally, we urge researchers to move beyond vague, narrative-driven verbal theories and encode them into precise, testable causal models. Using simulation techniques and specification curve analyses, we show how misspecified models that ignore these confounding factors can lead to biased conclusions about social media's adverse effects. This simplistic focus on social media use diverts attention from the broader factors contributing to youth mental health problems, hindering the development of effective interventions and support. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering the most robust predictors of problematic pornography use: A large-scale machine learning study across 16 countries.","authors":"Beáta Bőthe, Marie-Pier Vaillancourt-Morel, Sophie Bergeron, Zsombor Hermann, Krisztián Ivaskevics, Shane W Kraus, Joshua B Grubbs","doi":"10.1037/abn0000913","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0000913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Problematic pornography use (PPU) is the most common manifestation of the newly introduced compulsive sexual behavior disorder diagnosis in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases. Research related to PPU has proliferated in the past two decades, but most prior studies were characterized by several shortcomings (e.g., using homogenous, small samples), resulting in crucial knowledge gaps and a limited understanding concerning empirically based risk factors for PPU. This study aimed to identify the most robust risk factors for PPU using a preregistered study design. Independent laboratories' 74 preexisting self-report data sets (<i>N</i>_participants = 112,397; <i>N</i>_countries = 16) were combined to identify which factors can best predict PPU using an artificial intelligence-based method (i.e., machine learning). We conducted random forest models on each data set to examine how different sociodemographic, psychological, and other characteristics predict PPU, and combined the results of all data sets using random-effects meta-analysis with meta-analytic moderators (e.g., community vs. treatment-seeking samples). Predictors explained 45.84% of the variance in PPU scores. Out of the 700+ potential predictors, 17 variables emerged as significant predictors across data sets, with the top five being (a) pornography use frequency, (b) emotional avoidance pornography use motivation, (c) stress reduction pornography use motivation, (d) moral incongruence toward pornography use, and (e) sexual shame. This study is the largest and most integrative data analytic effort in the field to date. Findings contribute to a better understanding of PPU's etiology and may provide deeper insights for developing more efficient, cost-effective, empirically based directions for future research as well as prevention and intervention programs targeting PPU. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":"489-502"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence for mood instability in patients with bipolar disorder: Applying multilevel hidden Markov modeling to intensive longitudinal ecological momentary assessment data.","authors":"Sebastian Mildiner Moraga, Fionneke M Bos, Bennard Doornbos, Richard Bruggeman, Lian van der Krieke, Evelien Snippe, Emmeke Aarts","doi":"10.1037/abn0000915","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0000915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic psychiatric condition characterized by large episodic changes in mood and energy. Recently, BD has been proposed to be conceptualized as chronic cyclical mood instability, as opposed to the traditional view of alternating discrete episodes with stable periods in-between. Recognizing this mood instability may improve care and call for high-frequency measures coupled with advanced statistical models. To uncover empirically derived mood states, a multilevel hidden Markov model (HMM) was applied to 4-month ecological momentary assessment data in 20 patients with BD, yielding ∼9,820 assessments in total. Ecological momentary assessment data comprised self-report questionnaires (5 × daily) measuring manic and depressive constructs. Manic and depressive symptoms were also assessed weekly using the Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale and the Quick Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report. Alignment between HMM-uncovered momentary mood states and weekly questionnaires was assessed with a multilevel linear model. HMM uncovered four mood states: neutral, elevated, mixed, and lowered, which aligned with weekly symptom scores. On average, patients remained < 25 hr in one state. In almost half of the patients, mood instability was observed. Switching between mood states, three patterns were identified: patients switching predominantly between (a) neutral and lowered states, (b) neutral and elevated states, and (c) mixed, elevated, and lowered states. In all, elevated and lowered mood states were interspersed by mixed states. The results indicate that chronic mood instability is a key feature of BD, even in \"relatively\" euthymic periods. This should be considered in theoretical and clinical conceptualizations of the disorder. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":"456-468"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141199538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}