Journal of prevention (2022)最新文献

{"title":"Modeling Adolescent Disposition Development: Age-Related Changes in Psychosocial Processes Correlated with Substance Use.","authors":"William B Hansen, Jared L Hansen","doi":"10.1007/s10935-024-00809-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10935-024-00809-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>A model is proposed in which longitudinal changes in adolescents' dispositions increase age-related risk for the onset of substance use.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Pooled surveys from 25 longitudinal studies were examined. Disposition was calculated from eight variables: use intentions; refusal intentions; attitudes; positive consequence beliefs; beliefs about negative consequences; descriptive peer normative beliefs; injunctive peer normative beliefs; and lifestyle incongruence. Substance use onset (past 30-day alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use) was analyzed using participants' just prior dispositional status and recent changes in their dispositions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Disposition was highly correlated with each of the measured variables. The pattern of disposition changes as adolescents grow older, revealing that younger adolescents have more positive dispositions; whereas when they grew older, negative dispositions gradually emerged among a subset of adolescents. Analyses also revealed that dispositional status and recent changes in their dispositions were strong predictors of substance use onset.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Better understanding the development of dispositions will aid in designing effective interventions. Subordinate variables are amenable to intervention and are recommended as the primary focus of prevention programming. Because of the developmental trajectory of dispositions, multi-year interventions are highly recommended. Whenever possible, tailored approaches that take adolescents' pre-intervention dispositions into account should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":73905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prevention (2022)","volume":" ","pages":"21-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11785506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142302699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screen Time Soars and Vision Suffers: How School Closures During the Pandemic Affected Children and Adolescents' Eyesight.","authors":"Muna Abed Alah, Sami Abdeen, Iheb Bougmiza, Nagah Selim","doi":"10.1007/s10935-024-00800-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10935-024-00800-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to determine the impact of school closures on visual acuity and screen time among students in Qatar. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted, targeting governmental school students. Data were collected via telephone interviews with parents, and visual acuity measurements were extracted from the electronic health records. We interviewed 1546 parents of selected students, about 24% reported their children's history of visual disturbances, primarily refractive errors. The mean screen time across the week increased significantly by 11.5 ± 11.6 h during school closures. We observed a significant decline of visual acuity during the closure compared to the pre-closure period across the entire sample, both sexes, and the younger age group. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis showed that local students and those with a history of visual disturbances were 1.7 times (AOR: 1.73, 95%CI 1.18-2.54, p = 0.005) and 2.5 times (AOR: 2.52, 95%CI 1.69-3.76, p < 0.001) more likely to experience decline of visual acuity respectively. School closures in Qatar were associated with a significant increase in screen time among students and a notable decline in their visual acuity. This deterioration highlights the need to monitor children's screen time and implement cost-effective measures to reduce screen exposure and enhance overall eye health among students.</p>","PeriodicalId":73905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prevention (2022)","volume":" ","pages":"5-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11785634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Burden of Chronic Diseases with the Status of Family Medical History Among Older Adults in India.","authors":"Mahadev Bramhankar, Mohit Pandey, Rishabh Tyagi","doi":"10.1007/s10935-024-00802-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10935-024-00802-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to assess and compare the prevalence of chronic diseases by the first-degree Family Medical History (FMH) and also explores the relationship between FMH and selected Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among older adults in India. The present study collated secondary data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI, 2017-18). The eligible respondents for the analysis of this study were aged 45 years and above, where the final study sample consisted of 65,562 older adults across all Indian states and union territories. The LASI dataset collected responses on self-reported diseases: Hypertension, Stroke, Heart disease, Cancer, and Diabetes. These diseases have a high prevalence among the population and are considered in the present study. Along with disease status, respondents' first-degree relatives FMH were used to fulfil the objective. Descriptive statistical analysis and multiple logistic regression techniques were used to accomplish the objectives analysis. This approach was chosen due to the binary nature of our primary dependent variables. The study found that the prevalence of selected NCDs was considerably higher among older adults with FMH than those without FMH. It revealed that NCDs and the status of FMH of parents and siblings were significantly associated. Based on the multivariate-adjusted model, we found significantly higher odds for developing the NCDs when the respondents have FMH among at least one of the first-degree relative. The likelihood among those with FMH of having hypertension (AOR: 2.058), diabetes (AOR: 2.94), heart diseases (AOR: 2.39), stroke (AOR: 1.62) and cancer (AOR: 2.32) was higher compared to no FMH of respective diseases. Similarly, significant associations were observed according to the different stratification of the number of first-degree relatives FMH. The present study demonstrated that first-degree relatives FMH is indeed a dominant associated risk factor for chronic disease among the older adults of India. This study supports the promotion of a disease history tool for chronic disease prevention and early detection approaches as a valuable measure of NCD risk. Public health practitioners can take several steps to access FMH and incorporate FMH into public health programs for the screening of the risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":73905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prevention (2022)","volume":" ","pages":"83-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142115720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender and Lower Economic Status Moderate the Relation between Positive Youth Development and Mental Health.","authors":"Miranda Novak, Hana Gačal, Lucija Šutić","doi":"10.1007/s10935-024-00810-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10935-024-00810-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescent mental health problems account for almost half of overall health problems globally with a risk to mental health in adulthood. Since most mental health problems begin in adolescence, this developmental period should be a focus of strengths-based approach and prevention. The most researched positive youth development framework shown to be associated with youth mental health is The Five C model which distinguishes five indicators: competence, character, confidence, caring, and connection. The aim of the present study is to examine whether sociodemographic differences moderate the association of Five Cs positive youth development indicators and depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescence. The participants of the study were 3,438 students enrolled in the first year of secondary schools in Croatia who completed the Short Measure of the Five Cs, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales and reported the perception of the socioeconomic status of their family. Gender and socioeconomic status main effects were shown for seven out of ten models with depression and anxiety as criterion variables. Results show that girls with lower levels of competence, confidence, and connection and lower socioeconomic status reported the highest depression and anxiety scores. These results imply that confidence, competence, and connection could be sensitive to equality and distribution of resources for youth. Reducing youth mental health problems should include social justice perspective and more available public services for families. Supportive environments are key for positive development; therefore, promotive and preventive efforts should target factors operating on societal level as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":73905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prevention (2022)","volume":" ","pages":"43-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Aspects and Pattern of Intoxication among Elderly in Khorasan-Razavi; Northeast of Iran.","authors":"Ahmad Nemati, Bita Dadpour, Leila Etemad, Seyed Reza Mousavi, Anahita Alizadeh Ghomsari, Seyed Hadi Mousavi, Alireza Ghasemi-Toosi, Khalil Kimiafar, Zahra Ataee, Maryam Vahabzadeh, Shiva Zarifkia, Reza Khoshbakht, Alireza Khoshrou, Hanie Salmani Izadi, Mohammad Moshiri","doi":"10.1007/s10935-024-00804-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10935-024-00804-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess the risk factors and clinical-epidemiological patterns of acute poisoning among elderly individuals to guide prevention strategies. The epidemiological, clinical data, manner and cause of poisoning, and outcome of the registered elder cases (≥ 60 years old) in the clinical toxicology department of Imam Reza Hospital of Mashhad University of Medical Silences (CTD-IRH-MUMS) were investigated for nine months. The sex and age distribution of the patients were compared with the general population of Khorasan-Razavi using direct standardization. Among the 3064 cases registered at the hospital, 124 elderly patients were included in the study. The majority (71.8%) were male, with a mean age of 69.47. Male gender was found to be a significant risk factor for poisoning among elderly individuals compared to the general population (OR = 2.62) (1.55-4.42) (p-value < 0.001), however, it was not significant for age. Substance dependency, particularly on opiates, was common among the patients (56.5%), with a higher prevalence in males. Substance overdose (35.4%) and suicide (23.3%) were the most common methods of poisoning, with varying frequencies between genders (p-value = 0.002). Male gender was identified as a risk factor for opiate intoxication (OR = 4.68, CI = 1.70-11.83, p-value < 0.05) but not for suicide attempts. The average hospital stay duration was similar between male and female patients. The mean length of hospital stay was 3.53 ± 4.02 days (median = 3.0, range = 0.5-26 days) and was similar in both sexes. In conclusion, male gender and opiate dependency were highlighted as key factors in the poisoning of elderly individuals. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing these factors in preventive measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":73905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prevention (2022)","volume":" ","pages":"103-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practices towards Cervical Cancer and its Screening Among Women from Tribal Population of Anuppur District.","authors":"Bharti Gupta, Parikipandla Sridevi","doi":"10.1007/s10935-024-00813-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10935-024-00813-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cervical cancer poses a significant public health challenge, especially among tribal women who face barriers in accessing healthcare. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of tribal women regarding cervical cancer and HPV screening in Anuppur, a rural district in Madhya Pradesh, India. Conducted between December 2020 and December 2022, the cross-sectional study included one tribal block (Pushprajgarh) and one urban block (Jaithari). The study involved females aged 10-59 years from randomly selected households, excluding those with a history of cancer and those not consenting. Healthcare professionals from local health centres were also included, except those on leave. The sample size was 384, determined using a 95% confidence interval and a 5% margin of error. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to cervical cancer screening. Knowledge was assessed with questions about risk factors, symptoms, and preventive measures, while attitudes were measured using a 7-point Likert scale. Practice-related questions focused on experiences with Pap smear testing. The study revealed a significant lack of awareness among tribal women about cervical cancer and its link to HPV infection. Many participants had limited understanding of the risk factors, symptoms, and preventive measures, leading to negative attitudes towards screening. Barriers such as financial constraints, cultural beliefs, and limited healthcare access further hindered screening practices. As a result, many women had never undergone cervical cancer screening. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions and educational programs to improve awareness and promote positive attitudes towards cervical cancer screening among tribal women. Emphasizing the importance of regular screening and addressing misconceptions can help bridge the knowledge gap and enhance preventive measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":73905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prevention (2022)","volume":" ","pages":"133-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Direct Health Costs Related to Non-communicable Diseases and Physical Activity in Elderly People.","authors":"Junlong Zhang, Bo Li","doi":"10.1007/s10935-024-00808-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10935-024-00808-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between direct health costs related to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and the level of physical activity in Chinese elderly people. In this longitudinal study, 410 people over 64 years old were selected from health centers. The direct health costs caused by NCDs were recorded on a weekly basis for a period of six months. Also, physical activity was measured using FitBit Flex2™ and as the number of daily steps as well as calories burned during this six month. The multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of direct health costs caused by NCDs as the dependent variable. Age, gender, marital status, education level, currently working, Fitbit steps and calories, and BMI were entered into the model as predictor variables to perform a stepwise regression analysis. Four variables of age, BMI, Fitbit steps and Fitbit calories were able to enter the regression model. The model explained 24.8% of the variability of direct health costs due to NCDs. The strongest predictor of health costs was Fitbit calories (B = - 2.113, t =  - 4.807, p < 0.001), followed by BMI (B = 1.267, t = 3.482, p < 0.001), Fitbit steps (B =  - 1.157, t =  - 3.118, p < 0.001), and age (B = 1.115, t = 2.599, p < 0.001). It can be said that having regular physical activity can reduce health costs due to NCDs in Chinese older people.</p>","PeriodicalId":73905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prevention (2022)","volume":" ","pages":"121-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142302700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Social Media to Promote Life Skills Among Adolescents: A Debate on Opportunities, Challenges, and Implications for Health and Education.","authors":"Elizabeth Zimmermann, Samuel Tomczyk","doi":"10.1007/s10935-025-00826-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10935-025-00826-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The digitalization of society increasingly blurs boundaries between analog and digital worlds, offering opportunities such as telemedicine and global connectivity through digital platforms. However, it also presents risks, including cyberbullying, addiction potential, harmful content, misinformation, and privacy concerns from data breaches and surveillance technologies. Social media, with its global reach, amplifies both opportunities for positive engagement and the responsibility to navigate largely unregulated content. Adolescents, due to their developing critical evaluation skills and high prevalence of mental health challenges, are particularly vulnerable in this space and must navigate the risks associated with social media while simultaneously leveraging it for essential developmental tasks, such as identity formation and building social connections. To support them in this challenge, we propose adapting the traditional life skills approach to address the challenges of social media use, empowering adolescents to navigate both digital and analog environments effectively. These life skills include critical thinking, communication, and managing emotions and stress - all of which are essential for navigating social media. Despite its complexities, social media offers a unique platform for health promotion and prevention interventions due to its wide accessibility and reach. It holds significant promise for adolescent health by providing information, motivation, and social support. However, evidence-based, youth-centered prevention strategies on these platforms are still in early development and require further research to ensure effectiveness. Prevention programs integrating proven behavior change techniques, aligning with the preferences and needs of adolescents, and teaching essential life skills can empower them to navigate digital and analog challenges effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":73905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prevention (2022)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Containment Measures and Alcohol Consumption Among Drinking Higher Education Students Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multilevel Analysis in 25 Countries.","authors":"Robert Tholen, Koen Ponnet, Guido Van Hal, Sara de Bruyn, Veerle Buffel, Sarah Van de Velde, Piet Bracke, Philippe Bos, Yildiz Akvardar, Petra Arnold, Heide Busse, Andreas Chatzittofis, Stefanie Helmer, Fatemeh Rabiee-Khan, Vera Skalicka, Theoni Stathopoulou, Marie-Pierre Tavolacci, Claudia van der Heijde, Edwin Wouters","doi":"10.1007/s10935-024-00823-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10935-024-00823-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prevention (2022)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143017792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review on Chemsex: Advocating for Inclusive Research and Primary Prevention.","authors":"Carolina Rodríguez-González, Andrea Vázquez-Martínez, Víctor José Villanueva-Blasco","doi":"10.1007/s10935-025-00825-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10935-025-00825-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemsex is a specific practice of sexualized drug use (SDU), linked mainly to the group of men who have sex with men (MSM). This practice has become a public health problem due to the increase in sexually transmitted infections and HIV. However, there are groups and aspects that require greater visibility and research. This study aims to (1) analyze whether the majority of existing studies on chemsex focus on MSM and to what extent studies have addressed other sexual orientations and gender identities; and (2) determine the characteristics and effectiveness of interventions implemented for the prevention and risk reduction associated with chemsex, excluding pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV. Following PRISMA recommendations, a systematic review was conducted in the Cochrane Library, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science databases between April and July 2024. The results were synthesized using a narrative approach and the methodological quality was evaluated of the studies included with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) instrument. The first search identified 1314 studies, 14 of them being relevant. The studies analyzed the presence of chemsex and SDU in diverse samples regarding sexual orientation and gender identity. They were plural and addressed multiple aspects that constitute the phenomenon of chemsex. The second search yielded 1985 studies, of which two met the inclusion criteria. No primary or secondary prevention interventions were recorded; however, risk prevention interventions were documented. These interventions demonstrated reductions in chemsex practices, engagement in unsafe sexual behaviors, and substance use. Chemsex reflects complex dynamics within sexually minoritized groups, influenced by gender, sexual orientation, and the collective's inherent insecurities. While risk reduction programs exist, there is a notable lack of primary prevention interventions. Expanding research to include diverse populations and developing inclusive strategies to address this phenomenon is crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":73905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prevention (2022)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}