Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique最新文献

{"title":"Combination of dexamethasone and ondansetron in prophylaxis nausea and vomiting in gynecological operation.","authors":"Alaq Saeed Abdulhussain","doi":"10.47750/jptcp.2022.984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2022.984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postoperative nausea and vomiting occur in about 20-30% of women; however, some reports have estimated the rate at 70% in at-risk individuals. Gynecological and obstetrical operations are among the most frequent types of surgeries to be associated with nausea and vomiting postoperatively. Ondansetron and dexamethasone have been compared in a variety of studies for postoperative prophylaxis.</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>This study was conducted in order to compare the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone and ondansetron, alone or in combination, for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in a sample of Iraqi women undergoing gynecological surgeries.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>The study was conducted in Al-Diwaniyah Province, a region belonging to the Mid-Euphrates sector of Iraq, at the Child and Maternity Teaching Hospital. The study started in June 2021 and the work with the research was accomplished in September 2022. The study included a total of 100 women undergoing different gynecological surgeries such as ovarian cystectomy, oophorectomy, ectopic pregnancy, total abdominal hysterectomy, and myomectomy. All participants involved in the study were categorized randomly into four groups, namely, dexamethasone, ondansetron, combined, and placebo groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rates of nausea in the different groups were analyzed. The rates of nausea in dexamethasone, ondansetron, and combined groups revealed a significant decrease compared with that of placebo group (P < 0.05), and the rate was significantly lower in combined group when compared with dexamethasone and ondansetron groups (P < 0.05). The rate of nausea in combined group was significantly lower than that of dexamethasone and ondansetron groups. The rate of vomiting in combined group was significantly lower than that of placebo group and less than that of the dexamethasone group (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on our study and previous reports, both dexamethasone and ondansetron are efficient and safe in preventing nausea and vomiting in gynecological operations; however, combination of both provides the best results.</p>","PeriodicalId":73904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique","volume":"29 4","pages":"e150-e157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10405326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of some biochemical parameters and blood pressure among males with hypertension in the camps of Nineveh province-Iraq.","authors":"Luma Abd Almunim Baker,&nbsp;Shaymaa Zuhir Jalal Aldin","doi":"10.47750/jptcp.2022.979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2022.979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is a significant public health problem that affects people all over the world. Various epidemiologic researches have been conducted to reveal the relationship between hypertension and several biochemical markers. The goal of this project was to investigate the electrolytes, glucose, total protein, and lipid profile in people with normal and high blood pressure.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Between 2020 and 2022, a case-control study was done. Two hundred and eighteen males, age ranging from 30 to 70, took part in the study. The conventional flame photometric method was used to evaluate serum electrolytes, whereas kits from Biolab Company's kits were used to quantify serum calcium, serum glucose, and lipid profile.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When compared to normotension males, hypertension males had considerably greater salt, chloride, and potassium levels in their blood, but no significant variations in calcium levels. When compared to normotension males, hypertension individuals had considerably higher mean glucose, total cholesterol, low, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. Many amino acids were identified in the blood of male hypertension patients, consisting of leucine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, asparagine, serine, histidine, glycine, arginine, alanine, methionine, valine, and phenylalanine.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this group, hypertension males have a different lipid and electrolyte profile than normotensive males.</p>","PeriodicalId":73904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique","volume":"29 4","pages":"e167-e176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10473331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of sirolimus pharmacokinetic variability identified using a nonlinear mixed effects approach: a systematic review.","authors":"Janthima Methaneethorn,&nbsp;Premsuda Art-Arsa,&nbsp;Ramanya Kosiyaporn,&nbsp;Nattawut Leelakanok","doi":"10.47750/jptcp.2022.940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2022.940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several sirolimus (SRL) population pharmacokinetics (PopPK) were conducted to explain its pharmacokinetic variability, and the results varied across studies. Thus, we conducted a systematic review to summarize significant predictors influencing SRL pharmacokinetic variability. Moreover, discrepancies in model methodologies across studies were also reviewed and discussed. Four databases (PubMed, CINAHL Complete, Science Direct, and Scopus) were systematically searched. The PICO framework was used to identify eligible studies conducted in humans and employ a nonlinear-mixed effects strategy. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 studies were included. SRL pharmacokinetics were explained using 1- or 2-compartment models. Only one study assessed the model using an external approach, while the rest employed basic or advanced internal approaches. Significant covariates influencing SRL pharmacokinetics were bodyweight, age, <i>CYP3A5</i> polymorphism, gender, BSA, height, cyclosporine dose or trough concentration, triglyceride, total cholesterol, hematocrit, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and total bilirubin. Of these, bodyweight, age, and <i>CYP3A5</i> polymorphism were the three most identified significant predictors for SRL clearance. This review summarizes significant predictors to predict SRL clearance, which can subsequently be used to individualize SRL maintenance dose. However, the PopPK model selected for such prediction should be based on the resemblance of population characteristics between the target population and those used to conduct the model. Moreover, the predictability of the models in the target population should be assessed before implementation in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":73904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique","volume":"29 4","pages":"e11-e29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10761157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The characteristic of activity limitations caused by lung cancer.","authors":"Levkin V G, Achkasov E E, Z. N. S., Paikov A Y","doi":"10.47750/jptcp.2022.887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2022.887","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the characteristics of activity limitations caused by lung cancer, considering clinical data, stages of the disease, and severity of the disability. The dynamics shows that the restrictions of the first, second, and third degrees relating to self-care, movement, and labor activity make up the largest share in the structure of activity limitations, while the restrictions of the first, second, and third degrees relating to communication constitute the smallest share.","PeriodicalId":73904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique","volume":"37 1","pages":"e50-e61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78399505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The characteristics of impaired functions and life limitations of disabled people due to coronary heart disease.","authors":"N. Shmakova, S. Puzin, N. S. Zarariy, A. V. Abol’","doi":"10.47750/jptcp.2022.888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2022.888","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the characteristics of the impaired functions and life limitations of disabled individuals due to coronary heart disease, considering the clinical data, the disease stages, and the disability severity. It was revealed that the largest share in the structure of impaired functions was made up by the impaired functions of the cardiovascular neuromuscular, movement-related (statodynamic), endocrine systems and metabolism and life limitations of I, II and III degrees related to self-care, movement and labor activity.","PeriodicalId":73904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique","volume":"27 1","pages":"e62-e70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87232236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracking hepcidin level in induced type 2 diabetic rats and how Empagliflozin affects its level.","authors":"Riyam Bassil Ali,&nbsp;Majid Hameed Ahmed,&nbsp;Haidar K Ibrahim,&nbsp;Hasanain Sh Mahmood","doi":"10.47750/jptcp.2022.965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2022.965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepcidin is a hormone that contributes to iron homeostasis, produced either through hepatic or extrahepatic pathways. Its production may be affected by proinflammatory mediators released by macrophages, which play a role in the development of peripheral insulin resistance. Insulin itself may increase the production of hepcidin hormone from pancreatic β-cells.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the impact of induction of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in albino wister rats on the level of hepcidin. Also, to examine the role of 2-week use of Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2 Inhibitor), on the hepcidin level comparing to control.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An interventional study includes randomization of 36 rats into three groups (A: negative control, B: positive control, and C: Empagliflozin group). Two rats were excluded from the study for different reasons. T2DM was induced using high-fat diet/high-sugar diet (HFD/HSD) for 8 weeks. Empagliflozin was then given to Group C for 2 weeks at a dose of 35 mg/kg/day. Hepcidin level was determined at the baseline, and at week 8 and week 10 intervals. Hepcidin was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hepcidin level significantly increased following the induction of T2DM in both B and C Groups. Hepcidin level in Group B insignificantly reduced 2 weeks after discontinuation of HFD/HSD and significantly reduced in Group C. Group A experienced no statistical difference in hepcidin level at week 10 when compared to baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Induction of T2DM is associated with a significant increase in the level of hepcidin. Empagliflozin significantly reduced hepcidin level in newly induced diabetic rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":73904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique","volume":"29 4","pages":"e158-e166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10784308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of big data for healthcare and its usage in clinical statistics of cardiovascular disease.","authors":"Johanes Fernandes Andry,&nbsp;Hendy Tannady,&nbsp;Glisina Dwinoor Rembulan,&nbsp;Antonius Rianto","doi":"10.47750/jptcp.2022.974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2022.974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the era of technological trends, large statistics have been broadly carried out in diverse businesses, especially healthcare. An extensive amount of data has unfolded new gaps in fitness care. The immense facts in healthcare have the capability to improve healthcare to a higher level. Large records can correctly lessen healthcare problems such as the selection of the appropriate remedy, solution for healthcare, and enhancing the healthcare machine. There are six defining attributes in large data, namely, extent, range, speed, veracity, variability and complexity, and value. Massive information represents an expansion of possibilities that could enhance the performance of healthcare. The large data in healthcare should help in the advanced use of massive data analytics to gain valuable know-how. This large information analytics is used to get valuable facts from all types of sources in healthcare that may be used to take advantage of the data in order to make better choice in healthcare. The massive information analytics can enhance healthcare by discovering institutions and expertise styles and trends in scientific facts. Cardiovascular disorder datasets are massive data in healthcare, and they are used as part of facilitating the system of documenting scientific facts that must be analyzed to offer powerful answers to troubles in fitness care. This paper offers valuable statistics by using massive information analytics from clinical statistics of cardiovascular disease to provide convincing answers for the troubles in healthcare and also to indicate how huge information is essential for healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":73904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique","volume":"29 4","pages":"e107-e115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10413726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survivor's experience in fighting breast cancer.","authors":"Lilis Novitarum,&nbsp;Muhammad Fidel Ganis Siregar,&nbsp;Fazidah Aguslina Siregar,&nbsp;Namora Lumongga Lubis","doi":"10.47750/jptcp.2022.976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2022.976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Considering that breast cancer diagnosis affects a woman physically and emotionally, treatment during the therapy phase requires enthusiasm. Therefore, this study aims to explore breast cancer survivors' experiences with treatment. A qualitative methodology was used, while the data were collected with in-depth interviews and analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. The study samples included up to five individuals who met the inclusion criteria of having stage III breast cancer for longer than 5 years without metastases and were obtained using the purposive sampling technique. Two themes emerged from the interview data, namely, the past events and the psychological state of breast cancer patients. There were four subthemes under the overall theme of the events, including risk factors for breast cancer, symptoms, extensive therapy, and preventing metastases. Meanwhile, the psychological state theme contained six sub-themes, including rejection and anger against diagnosis, despair, embracing the disease, self-concept, and stress. Before beginning treatment, patients implicitly expect clinicians to provide them with a thorough explanation of how chemotherapy works. Based on the results, it can be concluded that supporting and empowering breast cancer patients is a struggle for caregivers and healthcare professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":73904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique","volume":"29 4","pages":"e126-e133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10473311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative effect of selenium yeast in combination with pioglitazone on diabetes outcomes in streptozotocin-induced.","authors":"Zainab Z Zakaraya,&nbsp;Lina AlTamimi,&nbsp;Mohammad Hailat,&nbsp;Mousa N Ahmad,&nbsp;Nidal A Qinna,&nbsp;Bayan Y Ghanim,&nbsp;Mohamed J Saadh,&nbsp;Nisreen Al-Dmour,&nbsp;Wael Abu Dayyih","doi":"10.47750/jptcp.2022.1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2022.1003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anti-diabetic therapies possess many side effects; thus, searching for alternative strategies with low cost, minimal side effects, and high therapeutic value is very important. The present study aimed to explore the combined use of selenium yeast (SY) and standard anti-diabetic drug pioglitazone (PGZ) for diabetes mellitus (DM) treatment in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DM. STZ was injected daily intraperitoneally with a low dose (40 mg/kg) into Sprague-Dawley rats to induce DM. The synergistic effect of the SY (0.2 mg/kg) and PGZ (0.65 mg/kg) on DM complications was evaluated after 88 weeks of treatment. The impact of our medication on glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, lipid abnormalities, oxidative mediators, and inflammatory markers was assessed by biochemical techniques. STZ-induced diabetes has toxic effects, including toxic hepatic tissues, lipid disturbances, massive oxidative damage, and hyperinflammation. Experimental rats either treated with monotherapy alone or combined therapy resulted in a significant anti-diabetic effect. The PGZ+ SY combination has the best effect, as illustrated by significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05) decreases in fasting blood glucose, (FBG) insulin, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR levels. This combination attenuated (<i>P</i> < 0.05) lipid disturbances and their associated elevated atherogenicity biomarkers. At the same time, treatments with PGZ+ SY exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect as they ameliorated the increase in inflammatory parameters (CRP, TNF-α, IL-6). Also, it restored the total antioxidant capacity and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARƔ) levels that were decreased by STZ-DM induction. In conclusion, this study finds PGZ+ SY as a promising DM therapeutic alternative. This synergistic combination alleviates most DM-related complications and insulin resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":73904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique","volume":"29 4","pages":"e202-e210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10540532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the Effectiveness of Drug No. 5 in a Model of Dry Eye Syndrome in Rabbits.","authors":"Pletnev Vladimir Vladimirovich","doi":"10.47750/jptcp.2022.883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2022.883","url":null,"abstract":"It was shown that in the model of dry eye syndrome (DES) in rabbits, if drug No. 5 was instilled in both eyes of animals at a dose of 0.05 mL/kg in 1:15 dilution with sterile saline solution twice a day for 30 days, then it had a strong anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, and angioprotective effects. This positively affected the course of reparative process in the conjunctiva and cornea complicated by nonclosing of the eyelids. It was also found that drug No. 5 in the tested dose promoted the stimulation of reparative processes in the conjunctiva and cornea, clinically manifesting itself in accelerating the recovery of defects in the anterior epithelium and corneal stroma, and in reducing both frequency of formation of deep corneal defects and severity of inflammatory response and vascularization. There was a slowdown in the formation of corneal opacities, a decrease in the amount and appearance of a more liquid mucous discharge of the conjunctiva compared to the control. It was also demonstrated in the stated model of DES that drug No. 5 in the test dose had a pronounced pharmacological effect, contributing to a faster recovery of damage to the superficial epithelium and stroma of the cornea, anterior and posterior chambers of the eye, the vascular membrane and retina as well as goblet cells of the conjunctiva.","PeriodicalId":73904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique","volume":"100 1","pages":"e9-e25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78230879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}