Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology research最新文献

{"title":"Age-Dependent Heterogeneity of Lymph Node Metastases and Survival Identified by Analysis of a National Breast Cancer Registry.","authors":"Michael Behring, Prachi Bajpai, Farrukh Afaq, Amr Elkholy, Hyung-Gyoon Kim, Sameer Al Diffalha, Sadeep Shrestha, Upender Manne","doi":"10.26502/fjppr.060","DOIUrl":"10.26502/fjppr.060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For several cancers, including those of the breast, young age at diagnosis is associated with an adverse prognosis. Although this effect is often attributed to heritable mutations such as BRCA1/2, the relationship between pathologic features, young age of onset, and prognosis for breast cancer remains unclear. In the present study, we highlight links between age of onset and lymph node metastasis (NM) in US women with breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Case listings from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) 18 registry data for women with breast cancer, which include information on race, were used. NM and its associated outcomes were evaluated for a subset of women with receptor subtype information and then compared against a larger, pre-subtype validation set of data from the same registry. Age of diagnosis was a 5-category variable; under 40 years, 40-49 years, 50-59 years, 60-69 years and 70+ years. Univariate and adjusted multivariate survival models were applied to both sets of data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As determined with adjusted logistic regression models, women under 40 years old at diagnosis had 1.55 times the odds of NM as women 60-69 years of age. The odds of NM for (HR = hormone receptor) HR+/HER2+, HR-/HER2+, and triple-negative breast cancer subtypes were significantly lower than those for HR+/HER2-. In subtype-stratified adjusted models, age of diagnosis had a consistent trend of decreasing odds of NM by age category, most noticeable for HR+ subtypes of luminal A and B. Univariate 5-year survival by age was worst for women under 40 years, with NM attributable for 49% of the hazard of death from cancer in adjusted multivariate models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lymph node metastasis is age-dependent, yet not all molecular subtypes are clearly affected by this relationship. For <40-yr-old women, NM is a major cause for shorter survival. When stratified by subtype, the strongest associations were in HR+ groups, suggesting a possible hormonal connection between young age of breast cancer onset and NM.</p>","PeriodicalId":73897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology research","volume":" ","pages":"147-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9601600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40651826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and Biofilm Formation of Staphylococcus and Enterobacteriaceae Isolates from Clinical Samples of Patients with Urinary Tract and Surgical Site Infections in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo","authors":"J. Liesse Iyamba, Cyprien Mbundu Lukukula, Joseph Welo Unya, Benjamin Kodondi Ngbandani, Edouard Bissingou, Musomoni Mabankama, Nelson Nsiata Ngoma, Thierry Mukendi Kajinga, Blaise Mabamu Maya, Aline Diza Lubonga, N. Takaisi-Kikuni","doi":"10.26502/fjppr.061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fjppr.061","url":null,"abstract":"of infections is compromised worldwide by that are resistant to multiple antibiotics [2]. Infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are associated with Abstract Background: Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms are responsible for both community and hospital acquired infections. The increase, emergence, and spread of antimicrobial resistance among bacteria are the most important health problems worldwide. One of the mechanisms of resistance used by bacteria is biofilm formation. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibiotic resistance pattern and the biofilm formation ability of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacteriaceae isolates. Methods : A total of 18 Staphylococcus aureus and 60 Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates were collected from patients with urinary and surgical site infections in Hôpital Biamba Marie Mutombo and Saint Joseph Hospital. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of the isolates were determined by disk-diffusion method. Microtiter plate method was used to assess the ability of bacteria strains to produce and to form un biofilm. Results : The majority of S. aureus and Enterobacteriacea clinical isolates were highly resistant to the majority of antibiotics and biofilm producers. S. aureus strains were 100 % resistant to ampicillin-sulbactam, piperacillin-tazobactam, vancomycin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, levofloxacin, and aztreonam. E. coli, Enterobacter sp. , Citrobacter sp., and Serratia sp. were 100 % resistant to","PeriodicalId":73897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69347490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Assessment of the Reliability and Validity of a Psychological Stress Scale for Catheterized Home Healthcare Patients","authors":"Toshihide Ito, Ryoichi Ichihashi, Kouichi Tanabe, Tomomi Umemura, Masakazu Uemura, Yoshimasa Nagao","doi":"10.26502/jppr.0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppr.0047","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Accidental dislodgement of tubes/catheters from patients’ bodies is frequent in healthcare; making it a crucial patient safety management issue. Additionally, the number of patients needing catheter management at home has increased with the rise in aging patients. Pain or stress from directly inserting a tube/catheter into the body causes accidental dislodgement. However, quantitative measurements have not yet been developed to evaluate patients’ stress resulting from dislodgement fear. Aim: This study aimed to develop a psychological stress scale for patients using tubes/catheters at home (PSS-CP) and evaluate its reliability and validity. Materials and Methods: The questionnaire was developed through interviews with 10 patients using tubes/catheters at home. Reliability was examined using the test-retest method and Cronbach’s α. J Pharm Pharmacol Res 2022; 6 (1): 1-14 DOI: 10.26502/fjppr.047 Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Research Vol. 6 No. 1 March 2022. 2 Factorial and criterion-related validity were examined using exploratory factor analysis and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire, respectively. Results: The PSS-CP comprised 16 items across four factors: “anxiety about catheter dislodgement while moving or in the toilet,” “anxiety about tube dislodgement when resting or lying down,” “anxiety about tube dislodgement while dressing/undressing,” and “anxiety about tube dislodgement while bathing.” Criterion-related validity was significantly correlated with general anxiety (r = 0.71, p < 0.01) and pain/discomfort (r = 0.364, p < 0.05). The retest method showed a highly significant correlation (r = 0.791, p < 0.01), with Cronbach’s α > .90. Conclusions: A scale to measure psychological stress among catheterized home healthcare patients was developed and its reliability and validity demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":73897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69351355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryotherapy as Adjunct Treatment for Fibromyalgia","authors":"Jobin Puthuparampil, Shaker A. Mousa","doi":"10.26502/fjppr.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fjppr.051","url":null,"abstract":"Common symptoms associated with fibromyalgia are chronic widespread pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, depression, and cognitive dysfunction. Cryotherapy, which is commonly used in sports medicine, is used to alleviate pain and inflammation by exposing the body to cold temperatures maintained at -110°C and below. Recent evidence has shown that cryotherapy has a potential beneficial role in treating fibromyalgia. This review summarizes the unknown etiology of fibromyalgia, first-line treatment options for fibromyalgia, and how cryotherapy can be effective in reducing fibromyalgia symptoms. Cryotherapy might be useful adjunctive treatment but further research is still needed with larger sample sizes.","PeriodicalId":73897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69347377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of Developing Biotinylated PH-Responsive Glycopolymers as Delivery Nanocarriers for Controlling Release of Bortezomib","authors":"I. Abdalla, Zhongli Niu, B. Sun, X. Jiang, Meifang Zhu","doi":"10.26502/fjppr.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fjppr.054","url":null,"abstract":"To develop biotinylated pH-responsive glycopolymers and investigate their performances as anticancer drug delivery nanocarriers, bromide-terminated biotin was synthesized and then used to initiate the polymerization of D-gluconamido ethyl methacrylate (GAMA) and 2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DEA) monomers via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Two biotinylated pH-responsive copolymers with similar degree polymerization (DP) chain segments, Biotin-P(GAMA- b -DEA) and Biotin-P(GAMA- co -DEA), were prepared by block or random architectures, respectively. The chemical compositions and self-assembly behavior of glycopolymers were characterized. The results show that the block glycopolymer self- assembles in water medium into core-shell structure assembly containing PGAMA shell and PDEA core with the 28 nm in diameter, while the random glycopolymer remains water-soluble state above pH 7.4. Both glycopolymers possess the loading ability of the BTZ with encapsulation efficiency (EE %) and loading capacity (LC %) of 83.7% and 8.4%, 78.7% and 7.9%, and the release behavior was kept at low constants with 20% and 26% cumulative amount even after 24 hours at pH 7.4, respectively. The study is expected to give the light to the development of new intelligent drug carrier system with excellent biological compatibility.","PeriodicalId":73897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69347419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current and future directions in the prevention and treatment of Malaria","authors":"Nardeen Perko, Tewodros D. Kebede, Shaker A. Mousa","doi":"10.26502/fjppr.058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fjppr.058","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria is an infectious disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite, which is carried by the Anopheles mosquito. Among","PeriodicalId":73897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69347475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of KA2237, a novel selective inhibitor of PI3K-β and PI3K-δ, in patients: A first-in-human study using PK modelling to predict drug concentrations during dose escalation","authors":"J. Dow, G. Trevitt, E. Bone, K. Haque, L. Nastoupil","doi":"10.22541/au.162460492.29738849/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.162460492.29738849/v1","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: KA2237, an oral, potent and selective, inhibitor of the PI3K β and\u0000δ isoforms, was evaluated for safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics\u0000(PK) in patients with B-cell lymphoma. KA2237 is metabolised by CYP3A4/5\u0000but also demonstrated mechanism-based inhibition (MBI) of CYP3A4/5. An\u0000MBI mechanistic dynamic model was used to predict drug accumulation\u0000after repeat dosing of KA2237. This model, along with clinical safety\u0000data, was used to guide safe dose escalation. Methods: An open-label,\u0000single arm, dose escalation study was carried out in patients, dosed\u0000orally with KA2237 at 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg once daily. Complete\u0000plasma profiles were obtained on Day 1 and Day 14 of dosing and pre-dose\u0000(Cmin) samples were obtained on Days 2-7. The MBI model was validated\u0000and used to calculate drug levels and predict potential drug\u0000accumulation during dose escalation. Results: KA2237 elimination\u0000half-life was around 20-30 h, compatible with once daily dosing\u0000regimens. The accumulation of KA2237 was around 4-fold after the highest\u0000dose of 400 mg and around 3-fold after administration of 200 mg, which\u0000is considered the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). The MBI model accurately\u0000predicted this accumulation. Conclusions: Drugs that demonstrate MBI and\u0000potential auto-inhibition can be successfully developed, provided that\u0000models are developed to assess the extent of accumulation prior to the\u0000start of FIH clinical studies. This, along with the close monitoring of\u0000drug levels and clinical safety data can be used to guide dose\u0000escalation and lead to the safe conduct of clinical studies.","PeriodicalId":73897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44248180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Gliadin Induced Intestinal Enteropathy Rat Model of Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity","authors":"Walaa Albenayan, N. Alruwaili, J. Pauli, A. King, M. Migliore, Iman Zaghloul","doi":"10.26502/fjppr.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fjppr.045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69347831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgement to Authors, Reviewers and Editors of Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Research in 2020.","authors":"Fortune Journals","doi":"10.26502/jppr.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jppr.0044","url":null,"abstract":"Rigorous peer-review is the main part in building the corner-stone of high-quality academic publishing. The editorial team greatly appreciates the authors, reviewers who contributed their knowledge and expertise to the journal’s editorial process over the past 12 months. In 2020, a total of 15 were published in the journal with a median time to first decision of 15 days and a median time to publication of 20 days. The editorial office would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following authors, reviewers and editors for their cooperation and dedication in 2020:","PeriodicalId":73897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69351346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Wound healing Potentials of Aqueous Topical creams Containing Aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica leaves as Bioactive Ingredient","authors":"Kenneth Chinedu Ugoeze, Princewill Chukwuebuka Aja, N. Nwachukwu, Bruno Chukwuemeka Chinko, J. Egwurugwu, Kennedy Emeka Oluigbo","doi":"10.26502/FJPPR.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/FJPPR.041","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Wound is one of the health indispositions with undesirable socio-economic impacts on the victim and those around them. Crude aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica leaves (AEAIL) retains verified potentials for wound healing. Developing the AEAIL into a topical aqueous cream could enhance its value in wound treatment. Aim: The aim of this study was to formulate aqueous topical creams containing various concentrations of AEAIL as bioactive ingredients, evaluate their stability and wound healing activities in male Wistar rats using hydroxyproline (HXP) as a biochemical marker. Materials and methods: Creams containing 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 3.0 % w/w of AEAIL were prepared, evaluating their stability up to 14 days and assessing their wound healing activities in male Wistar rats using DMSO, cholesterol and distilled water as controls. Results: All the batches of creams were stable in colour, pH, viscosity, etc. and exhibited wound healing actions with the animals treated with the cream containing 1.5 % w/w of AEAIL demonstrating the highest tissue HXP level (p > 0.05). The tissue HXP levels in the animals treated with DMSO, cholesterol and distilled water were lower than those of the test creams (p < 0.05). There was significant marginal differences in percentage difference of their HXP level compared to those of the test creams (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica leaves formulated as aqueous cream was stable and retained its wound healing activities. This new formula could therefore be used in the treatment of body injuries.","PeriodicalId":73897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69347820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}