Advances in Preventive Medicine最新文献

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Diabetes and Diabetes Care among Nonobese Japanese-Americans: Findings from a Population-Based Study. 非肥胖日裔美国人的糖尿病和糖尿病护理:一项基于人群的研究结果
Advances in Preventive Medicine Pub Date : 2019-06-02 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3650649
Karen Kobayashi, Keith Tsz-Kit Chan, Adity Roy, Mushira Mohsin Khan, Esme Fuller-Thomson
{"title":"Diabetes and Diabetes Care among Nonobese Japanese-Americans: Findings from a Population-Based Study.","authors":"Karen Kobayashi,&nbsp;Keith Tsz-Kit Chan,&nbsp;Adity Roy,&nbsp;Mushira Mohsin Khan,&nbsp;Esme Fuller-Thomson","doi":"10.1155/2019/3650649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3650649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objectives of this study are as follows: (1) to determine the prevalence of diabetes among nonobese Japanese-Americans and to determine the adjusted odds of diabetes among nonobese Japanese-Americans compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs); (2) to identify the risk factors associated with having diabetes in a large sample of nonobese Japanese-Americans; and (3) to determine the prevalence and adjusted odds of diabetes management behaviors among nonobese Japanese-Americans with diabetes in comparison to NHWs with diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The combined 2007-2016 waves of the adult California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) were used to analyze a nonobese (BMI<30) sample of 2,295 Japanese-Americans and 119,651 NHWs. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were performed using Stata.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings of this representative community study of nonobese Californians indicate that the prevalence of diabetes among Japanese-American respondents was higher than their NHW counterparts (8.0% versus 4.5%). Prevalence increased markedly with age; one-quarter of nonobese Japanese Americans aged 80 and older had diabetes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of diabetes among nonobese Japanese-Americans is significantly higher than that among NHWs. There is an urgent need to develop appropriate intervention and prevention approaches with lifestyle modification specifically targeted towards nonobese Japanese-Americans.</p>","PeriodicalId":7388,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Preventive Medicine","volume":"2019 ","pages":"3650649"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/3650649","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37391927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pros and Cons of Aspirin Prophylaxis for Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Kidney Transplantation and Review of Evidence. 阿司匹林预防肾移植患者心血管事件的利弊及证据回顾
Advances in Preventive Medicine Pub Date : 2019-05-16 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6139253
Muhammad Abdul Mabood Khalil, Muhammad Shahab Ud Din Khalil, Said Sayed Ahmed Khamis, Sartaj Alam, Rajendra Govindrao Daiwajna, Ahmed Suleman Rajput, Mohammed M Alhaji, Vui Heng Chong, Jackson Tan
{"title":"Pros and Cons of Aspirin Prophylaxis for Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Kidney Transplantation and Review of Evidence.","authors":"Muhammad Abdul Mabood Khalil,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahab Ud Din Khalil,&nbsp;Said Sayed Ahmed Khamis,&nbsp;Sartaj Alam,&nbsp;Rajendra Govindrao Daiwajna,&nbsp;Ahmed Suleman Rajput,&nbsp;Mohammed M Alhaji,&nbsp;Vui Heng Chong,&nbsp;Jackson Tan","doi":"10.1155/2019/6139253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6139253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kidney transplant recipients have traditional and nontraditional risk factors which can lead to coronary artery disease and sudden death with a functional graft loss. Aspirin has been used traditionally for prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents. It has beneficial effects in secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in general population. Its use for primary prophylaxis is still disputed. Bleeding and theoretical risk of nephrotoxicity are the major concerns about its use. The data on aspirin in kidney transplant population is sparse. This review will focus on various pros and cons of aspirin use for prevention of cardiovascular events in kidney transplant recipients and a way forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":7388,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Preventive Medicine","volume":"2019 ","pages":"6139253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/6139253","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37352615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Ingestion of Lycosome L-tug Formulation of Dark Chocolate Ameliorates Postprandial Hyperlipidemia and Hyperglycemia in Healthy Volunteers. 摄入糖糖体L-tug配方黑巧克力改善健康志愿者餐后高脂血症和高血糖。
Advances in Preventive Medicine Pub Date : 2019-05-16 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1659384
Ivan M Petyaev, Natalia E Chalyk, Victor A Klochkov, Dmitry V Pristenskiy, Marina P Chernyshova, Nigel H Kyle
{"title":"Ingestion of Lycosome L-tug Formulation of Dark Chocolate Ameliorates Postprandial Hyperlipidemia and Hyperglycemia in Healthy Volunteers.","authors":"Ivan M Petyaev,&nbsp;Natalia E Chalyk,&nbsp;Victor A Klochkov,&nbsp;Dmitry V Pristenskiy,&nbsp;Marina P Chernyshova,&nbsp;Nigel H Kyle","doi":"10.1155/2019/1659384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1659384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Twenty-eight healthy middle-aged volunteers (40-60 years old) with equal gender representation were randomized into 3 study groups to investigate the changes in postprandial glucose and lipids after ingestion of different formulations of dark chocolate (DC). The volunteers from the first group were requested to ingest 100 g of regular DC whereas the individuals from the third group were given 100 g of highly bioavailable lycosome formulated L-tug formulation of DC containing 23.3 mg of lycopene. A second group received a 23.3 mg lycopene capsule, a tomato-derived antioxidant carotenoid as a matching control. Serum specimens were obtained following 30 minutes as well as 1, 2, and 3 hours after study products intake. Ingestion of L-tug DC was accompanied by the reduced postprandial hyperglycemia with maximum difference seen at 3<sup>rd</sup> hour of the study and reduction of average AUC<sub>Gluc</sub> values by 20% (P<0.05) as compared to regular DC. Moreover, ingestion of L-tug DC was accompanied by a statistically significantly reduced median concentration for postprandial triglycerides (to 390.7 mg⁎hr/dL; 5/95%% CIs: 363.2/405.7 versus regular DC value of 439.5mg⁎hr/dL and a lower range of confidence intervals - 5/95%CIs: 394.0/475.1). A similar tendency was observed in changes of total cholesterol concentration. Ingestion of L-tug DC completely abolished total cholesterol increase seen in volunteers at 3<sup>rd</sup> hour of postprandial period following intake of the control DC. Ingestion of lycopene alone did not cause any changes in postprandial changes of glucose or serum lipids. The observed postprandial changes can be related to the 56.2 % increase in serum lycopene level which was observed after ingestion of L-tug DC only. Higher serum lycopene levels following the ingestion of L-tug DC resulted in a corresponding increase in serum antioxidant capacity and reduction of oxidized LDL as well as a decline in malonic dialdehyde concentration in the serum of volunteers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7388,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Preventive Medicine","volume":"2019 ","pages":"1659384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/1659384","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37352614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A Derived QSAR Model for Predicting Some Compounds as Potent Antagonist against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A Theoretical Approach. 预测某些化合物作为结核分枝杆菌有效拮抗剂的衍生QSAR模型:一种理论方法。
Advances in Preventive Medicine Pub Date : 2019-05-02 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5173786
Shola Elijah Adeniji, Sani Uba, Adamu Uzairu, David Ebuka Arthur
{"title":"A Derived QSAR Model for Predicting Some Compounds as Potent Antagonist against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>: A Theoretical Approach.","authors":"Shola Elijah Adeniji,&nbsp;Sani Uba,&nbsp;Adamu Uzairu,&nbsp;David Ebuka Arthur","doi":"10.1155/2019/5173786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5173786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Development of more potent antituberculosis agents is as a result of emergence of multidrug resistant strains of <i>M. tuberculosis</i>. Novel compounds are usually synthesized by trial approach with a lot of errors, which is time consuming and expensive. QSAR is a theoretical approach, which has the potential to reduce the aforementioned problem in discovering new potent drugs against <i>M. tuberculosis</i>. This approach was employed to develop multivariate QSAR model to correlate the chemical structures of the 2,4-disubstituted quinoline analogues with their observed activities using a theoretical approach. In order to build the robust QSAR model, Genetic Function Approximation (GFA) was employed as a tool for selecting the best descriptors that could efficiently predict the activities of the inhibitory agents. The developed model was influenced by molecular descriptors: AATS5e, VR1_Dzs, SpMin7_Bhe, TDB9e, and RDF110s. The internal validation test for the derived model was found to have correlation coefficient (R<sup>2</sup>) of 0.9265, adjusted correlation coefficient (R<sup>2</sup> adj) value of 0.9045, and leave-one-out cross-validation coefficient (Q_cv<sup>∧</sup>2) value of 0.8512, while the external validation test was found to have (R<sup>2</sup> test) of 0.8034 and Y-randomization coefficient (cR_p<sup>∧</sup>2) of 0.6633. The proposed QSAR model provides a valuable approach for modification of the lead compound and design and synthesis of more potent antitubercular agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":7388,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Preventive Medicine","volume":"2019 ","pages":"5173786"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/5173786","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37319068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27
Phytochemical Profiling and Larval Control of Erythrina variegata Methanol Fraction against Malarial and Filarial Vector. 斑刺桐甲醇组分对疟疾和Filarial病媒的植物化学图谱及幼虫控制。
Advances in Preventive Medicine Pub Date : 2019-04-16 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2641959
Mathalaimuthu Baranitharan, Barbara Sawicka, Jayapal Gokulakrishnan
{"title":"Phytochemical Profiling and Larval Control of <i>Erythrina variegata</i> Methanol Fraction against Malarial and Filarial Vector.","authors":"Mathalaimuthu Baranitharan,&nbsp;Barbara Sawicka,&nbsp;Jayapal Gokulakrishnan","doi":"10.1155/2019/2641959","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2019/2641959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Erythrina variegata</i> (<i>E. variegata</i>) bioactive chemical has been the potential to be utilized as a good, eco-friendly approach for the control of mosquito population. In the present investigation, methanol extract using insecticidal compounds isolated against mosquito larvae kill assay was carried out. Secondary metabolism was characterized by thin layer chromatography, column chromatography, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectral, and identification of compound. Mosquito immature third instar larval, <i>Anopheles stephensi,</i> and <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i> have been exposed to different concentrations of 50-250 <i>µ</i>g/ml. Totally, larvae were death rate 98.2% (significant value 0.001<sup>b</sup>) from methanol extract and it is significant toxicity against larvae of <i>An. stephensi</i> and <i>Cx. quinquefasciatus</i> with LC<sub>50</sub>/LC<sub>99</sub> values were 157.69/339.55 <i>µ</i>g/ml and 137.67/297.33 <i>µ</i>g/ml, respectively. FT-IR analysis in the functional groups such as alcohol, amines, amides, alkenes, 1<sup>⁎</sup> amines, aromatic amines, aliphatic amines, 1<sup>⁎</sup>,2<sup>⁎</sup> amines, and alkyl halides searched the identity of secondary metabolites, which may act as 12-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester compound and clearly indicates being phytochemical. Chemical constituents of twenty-five compounds were identified in the methanol extract. The major components were 12-Octadecenoic acid and methyl ester (37.31%). Compound molecules consist of carbon 19 atoms (gray), hydrogen 36 atoms (greenish blue), and oxygen 2 atoms (red), indicated by the different colors. The results were obtained suggesting that, in addition to their pharmaceutical and medicine sources, 12-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester compound can also serve as a natural mosquito control.</p>","PeriodicalId":7388,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Preventive Medicine","volume":"2019 ","pages":"2641959"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/2641959","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37281441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
A Cox-Based Risk Prediction Model for Early Detection of Cardiovascular Disease: Identification of Key Risk Factors for the Development of a 10-Year CVD Risk Prediction. 基于cox的心血管疾病早期检测风险预测模型:确定10年心血管疾病风险预测发展的关键危险因素
Advances in Preventive Medicine Pub Date : 2019-04-09 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8392348
Xiaona Jia, Mirza Mansoor Baig, Farhaan Mirza, Hamid GholamHosseini
{"title":"A Cox-Based Risk Prediction Model for Early Detection of Cardiovascular Disease: Identification of Key Risk Factors for the Development of a 10-Year CVD Risk Prediction.","authors":"Xiaona Jia,&nbsp;Mirza Mansoor Baig,&nbsp;Farhaan Mirza,&nbsp;Hamid GholamHosseini","doi":"10.1155/2019/8392348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8392348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Current cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk models are typically based on traditional laboratory-based predictors. The objective of this research was to identify key risk factors that affect the CVD risk prediction and to develop a 10-year CVD risk prediction model using the identified risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Cox proportional hazard regression method was applied to generate the proposed risk model. We used the dataset from Framingham Original Cohort of 5079 men and women aged 30-62 years, who had no overt symptoms of CVD at the baseline; among the selected cohort 3189 had a CVD event.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 10-year CVD risk model based on multiple risk factors (such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, systolic blood pressure (SBP), cigarettes per day, pulse rate, and diabetes) was developed in which heart rate was identified as one of the novel risk factors. The proposed model achieved a good discrimination and calibration ability with C-index (receiver operating characteristic (ROC)) being 0.71 in the validation dataset. We validated the model via statistical and empirical validation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed CVD risk prediction model is based on standard risk factors, which could help reduce the cost and time required for conducting the clinical/laboratory tests. Healthcare providers, clinicians, and patients can use this tool to see the 10-year risk of CVD for an individual. Heart rate was incorporated as a novel predictor, which extends the predictive ability of the past existing risk equations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7388,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Preventive Medicine","volume":"2019 ","pages":"8392348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/8392348","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37419964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Smokeless Tobacco and Its Adverse Effects on Hematological Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Study. 无烟烟草及其对血液参数的不良影响:一项横断面研究。
Advances in Preventive Medicine Pub Date : 2019-04-01 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3182946
Anjani Kumar Shukla, Tanya Khaitan, Prashant Gupta, Shantala R Naik
{"title":"Smokeless Tobacco and Its Adverse Effects on Hematological Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Anjani Kumar Shukla,&nbsp;Tanya Khaitan,&nbsp;Prashant Gupta,&nbsp;Shantala R Naik","doi":"10.1155/2019/3182946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3182946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Smokeless tobacco (SLT) as a drug substance has been used throughout the world although it has dangerous effects on human health. Among the 28 known carcinogens in SLT, tobacco-specific nitrosamines are considered to be the most potent. This has challenged the metabolic condition leading to a rise in the inflammatory status, increased apoptosis, and red blood cell (RBC) membrane damage. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the adverse effects of SLT on hematological parameters and establish a correlation between them.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 100 subjects (50 SLT users and 50 nonusers) were selected for the study. Complete demographic data and history were taken and clinical examination was done to evaluate any oral mucosal changes. Venous blood samples were taken to analyze the hematological parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant changes were observed in the complete blood profile in SLT users when compared to nonusers. All the hematological parameters had a negative correlation with form of SLT except for total leucocyte count which had a positive correlation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study confers an imperative role into SLT mediated effects on a complete hemogram and might be beneficial in spreading awareness against its usage. It also serves as a forewarning alarm among the population consuming SLT as an alternative to smoking tobacco.</p>","PeriodicalId":7388,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Preventive Medicine","volume":"2019 ","pages":"3182946"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/3182946","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37212742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Body Mass Index Change as a Predictor of Biometric Changes following an Intensive Lifestyle Modification Program. 体重指数变化作为生活方式强化改变计划后生物特征变化的预测因子。
Advances in Preventive Medicine Pub Date : 2019-03-24 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8580632
David Drozek, Alexandria DeFabio, Randi Amstadt, Godwin Y Dogbey
{"title":"Body Mass Index Change as a Predictor of Biometric Changes following an Intensive Lifestyle Modification Program.","authors":"David Drozek,&nbsp;Alexandria DeFabio,&nbsp;Randi Amstadt,&nbsp;Godwin Y Dogbey","doi":"10.1155/2019/8580632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8580632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The initial benefits of lifestyle modification programs such as reduction in chronic and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk factors have been well documented. However, such positive effects may deteriorate over time following relapse into inactivity. Timely detection of weight regain leading to the deterioration of the accrued benefits could trigger early resumption of intensive lifestyle intervention. To date, no known cost-effective, noninvasive approach for monitoring long-term outcomes has yet been established. The purpose of this study was to determine if body mass index (BMI) change predicted changes in other CVD biometric markers during an intensive lifestyle modification program. This study was an observational, retrospective review of records of participants from the Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP). Biomarker changes of participants in this community-based Intensive Therapeutic Lifestyle Modification Program (ITLMP) offered in Athens, Ohio, a rural Appalachian college town, between April 2011 and June 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. BMI, heart rate (Pulse), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and fasting blood levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), and glucose (FBS) were monitored before and after program completion. Data were analyzed using a multivariate general linear model. The sample analyzed consisted of 620 participants (mean age of 52.3±13.0 years, 74.5% female). Controlling for age and gender, BMI change significantly predicted 5 out of the 8 biomarker changes measured [Wilk's <i>λ</i> = 0.939, <i>F</i>(8,526) = 4.29, <i>p</i> <.0001]. Specifically, a 1-point BMI decrease was associated with 4.4 units decrease in TC, 3.2 units in LDL, 5.3 units in TG, 2 units in SBP, and 1 unit in DBP (all <i>p</i> values < .05). These results suggest that change in BMI may be a useful predictor of change in other CVD biomarkers' outcomes during and after an ITLMP participation. Tracking BMI, therefore, could serve as a proxy measure for identifying regressing biomarker changes following participation in an ITLMP leading to a timelier reassessment and intervention. Future studies evaluating the value of BMI as a surrogate for highlighting overall cardiovascular health are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":7388,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Preventive Medicine","volume":"2019 ","pages":"8580632"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/8580632","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37182275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Prevention of Calcium Nephrolithiasis: The Influence of Diuresis on Calcium Oxalate Crystallization in Urine. 预防钙性肾结石:利尿对尿中草酸钙结晶的影响。
Advances in Preventive Medicine Pub Date : 2019-03-21 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3234867
Johannes M Baumann, Roberto Casella
{"title":"Prevention of Calcium Nephrolithiasis: The Influence of Diuresis on Calcium Oxalate Crystallization in Urine.","authors":"Johannes M Baumann,&nbsp;Roberto Casella","doi":"10.1155/2019/3234867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3234867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A high fluid intake is still the most evidence-based measure for the prevention of idiopathic stone disease. The recommendation of current guidelines on urolithiasis to increase diuresis to 2-2.5 L/day is mainly based on a single clinical study. The present paper shows the influence of diuresis on calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystallization and especially aggregation (AGN) which can explain the initial development of Ca stones on papillary calcifications as well as stone growth in the renal pelvic system. Diuresis determines the urinary transit time (UT) through the kidney and together with the afflux of Ca and Ox the state of urinary saturation with respect to CaOx being the most frequent stone mineral. High supersaturation inducing crystallization during UT and a high urinary ion concentration interfering with the inhibition of crystal AGN by urinary macromolecules seem to be critical parameters for stone formation. Using data from the literature the influence of diuresis on these parameters is evaluated for short-term recurrent stone formers (RSF), idiopathic stone patients, and healthy controls, the latter two collectives with and without excessive oxalate ingestion. This investigation suggests that a diuresis of 2 L/day may protect from stone formation even after dietary Ox excesses and in RSF. However, in RSF with a continuously high Ca and Ox afflux into urine a permanent high diuresis is required which is difficult to sustain over 24 hours.</p>","PeriodicalId":7388,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Preventive Medicine","volume":"2019 ","pages":"3234867"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/3234867","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37178818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Liver Flukes Egg Infection and Associated Risk Factors in White Fulani Cattle Slaughtered in Wukari, Southern Taraba State, Nigeria. 尼日利亚南部塔拉巴州乌卡里屠宰的白富拉尼牛的肝吸虫卵感染及相关危险因素
Advances in Preventive Medicine Pub Date : 2019-03-19 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2671620
P A Shinggu, O T Olufemi, J A Nwuku, E B T Baba-Onoja, P D Iyawa
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引用次数: 12
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