Journal of hazardous materials advances最新文献

{"title":"Aerobic and anaerobic integrated treatment using microbial biofilm to improve the quality of the paper mills effluent: A reactor-based study","authors":"Nilam Vaghamshi ,&nbsp;M.N. Reddy ,&nbsp;Kamlesh Shah ,&nbsp;Srinivas Murty Duggirala ,&nbsp;Pravin Dudhagara","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pulp and paper mills significantly contribute to water pollution due to the large quantities of hazardous effluent generated during paper production. The effluent is highly concentrated and contains high levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chlorinated compounds, color, suspended materials, lignin, and their derivatives. To address the issue of effluent treatment, the present study investigated the effectiveness of biological treatment to degrade the pollutants of paper mill effluent. We screened seven fungi and four actinomycetes for hydrolase enzymes and used a metagenomics study to taxonomically and functionally characterize the anaerobic biofilm originating from cattle rumen fluid. Based on the COD removal efficiency of the primary single-stage treatment, we implemented two- and three-stage treatments in batch process. The first step in an integrated approach using batch reactors was an anaerobic reactor to break down primary pollutants in a packed bed anaerobic reactor (PBAR), which greatly reduced COD. This was followed by aerobic treatment with actinomycetes biofilm in a sequential bed reactor (SBR), and finally, fungal biofilm treatment in a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) in batch process. The effectiveness of each stage was assessed by measuring the reduction of COD. Single-stage fungal, actinomycetes, and anaerobic biofilm treatment removed 94.09 %, 95.30 %, and 95.91 % COD, respectively, from an 11,500 mg/L initial concentration within 168 h. Kinetic analysis demonstrated that the Grau second-order model accurately described COD removal across all three-reactor treatment. Two-stage fungal-actinomycetes and fungal-anaerobic treatments reduced COD by 99.82 % and 98.76 %, respectively, from a 23,500 mg/L initial concentration within 72 h while also improving other relevant parameters. An integrated anaerobic-actinomycetes-fungal treatment process effectively removed 98.86 % COD, 99.23 % BOD, 92.16 % lignin, and 94.02 % color from a high-strength effluent within 168 h. After the treatment process, the effluent meets the standard given by regulatory agencies and can be discharged into the environment without any risks. The study demonstrated that industries can implement the method to provide sustainable solutions for low- to high-strength effluents. Based on the COD levels of the effluent, the study gives industries the option to implement single, two, or three-stage treatments. The integrated approach proved to be a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution for pulp and paper mill effluent treatment, demonstrating potential for large-scale industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100704"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering new psychoactive substances research trends using large language model-assisted text mining (LATeM)","authors":"Yoshiyuki Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Takumi Uchida ,&nbsp;Itsuki Kageyama ,&nbsp;Yusuke Iwasaki ,&nbsp;Rie Ito ,&nbsp;Kazuhiko Tsuda ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Akiyama ,&nbsp;Kota Kodama","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPS) has become a significant public health concern over the past few decades. This study employed text-mining techniques and large language models (LLMs) to examine NPS research trends from 1990 to 2024. Over 12,000 publications from the Web of Science database were analyzed using the proposed Large Language-assisted Text Mining (LATeM) method to identify key patterns and shifts in research focus. The results indicated an evolution in NPS research from basic pharmacological studies in the 1990s to more diverse approaches encompassing public health, policies, and advanced analytical methods in recent years. The opioid crisis, particularly the emergence of fentanyl, has significantly influenced research priorities since 2020. A notable increase in NPS-related publications was observed, growing from 105 in the 1990s to over 6000 in the 2020s. Furthermore, the research focus shifted from traditional drugs to synthetic cannabinoids and stimulants in the 2000s and 2010s, and subsequently to opioids in the 2020s. Emerging areas of study include forensic applications, environmental impacts, and advanced analytical techniques. This study demonstrates the efficacy of integrating LLMs with text mining to identify emerging trends in NPS research. Our findings underscore the need for continued interdisciplinary collaboration and the development of novel strategies to address the evolving NPS challenges. Future research should prioritize enhancing early detection methods, investigating the long-term health consequences of NPS use, and developing effective prevention and treatment programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100700"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using photocatalysis for sustainable agriculture: R-leaf's potential in large-scale N2O mitigation","authors":"Carlos J. Bueno-Alejo ,&nbsp;Yusuf K. Khambhati ,&nbsp;Apostolos Papadopoulos ,&nbsp;Martin Reli ,&nbsp;Rudolf Ricka","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing climate change through the removal of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is crucial for achieving global environmental goals. Nitrous oxide (N₂O) has gained increasing attention due to its significant global warming potential—approximately 300 times that of CO₂—and its rising atmospheric levels, largely driven by intensive agriculture. Among the various methods proposed for air pollutant removal, photocatalysis presents a promising and sustainable approach, especially if utilising solar light as an excitation source. This work investigates the photocatalytic removal of N₂O using R-Leaf, a TiO₂-based photocatalyst, under both controlled laboratory conditions and real-world field applications. In laboratory experiments conducted in a batch photoreactor R-Leaf achieved N₂O conversion rates between 6 % and 12 %, depending on initial concentrations and atmospheric conditions. Notably, in air, conversion efficiency increased, indicating a promising role for oxygen in enhancing photocatalytic activity. Finally, to demonstrate the potential of R-Leaf for applications in large agricultural areas, a small-scale field trial was performed. After application of the photocatalyst, approximately 1 ppbv of N₂O was removed when compared with a nearby control field without the R-Leaf. While the observed change in N₂O concentration was relatively small, its impact is magnified by the vast scale of global agricultural land. These findings highlight R-Leaf's potential as a sustainable solution for decarbonizing agriculture, paving the way for large-scale photocatalytic air purification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100703"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health outcomes attributed to inhalation of microplastic released from mask during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review","authors":"Abbas Shahsavani ,&nbsp;Hasan Pasalari ,&nbsp;Majid Kermani ,&nbsp;Mahbubeh Tangestani ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Ahmadi","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review aimed to investigate recent studies on microplastics (MPs) and their analytical methods, health effects attributed to inhaling MPs released from face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic. The global electronic databases: Scopus and Google Scholar were searched to identify studies published in English in peer-reviewed journals without time limitation. The information regarding the effects of various parameters such as MPs' shape, color, size, analytical methods, and related health effects of inhaled MPs from masks were specifically extracted from selected articles and disussed. Out of 148 potential articles, 36 studies met the objectives and inclusion criteria considered for the present study. The MPs particles made of polypropylene (44 %), fiber (45 %), transparent (23 %), and ˂300 µm released from masks had the highest abundance. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant increase in mask usage, resulting in the release of MPs from these masks, which poses potential health risks. Based on the results, MP particles significantly impact human health by inducing oxidative stress, which can lead to various side effects. Additionally, MPs trigger inflammatory responses in lung cells, resulting in the release of interleukins and heightened phagocyte activity. These particles also alter cell morphology, affecting DNA and mRNA, and disrupt normal cellular functions. Policies needed for sustainable personal protective equipment and MP risk assessment for public health. The findings emphasize the urgent need for standardized methods to assess the health implications of MPs emitted from masks and suggest that reducing plastic uses in personal protective equipment could mitigate exposure risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100696"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of quantum dots: Synthetic methods, applications, and toxicity","authors":"Zinab Moradialvand ,&nbsp;Liana Parseghian ,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Rajabi","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review explores the burgeoning field of green synthesis for quantum dots (QDs), offering a sustainable alternative to traditional synthesis methods that often rely on hazardous chemicals and extreme conditions. The research dives into using of eco-friendly reagents, such as natural extracts and biomolecules, to reduce environmental impact and provide a pathway to biocompatible QDs. The review examines various green synthesis strategies, including plant-mediated, biomimetic, and microwave/ultrasonic-assisted methods, each with benefits and applications. The potential applications of green QDs, ranging from advanced imaging techniques to environmental cleanup processes, are discussed, showcasing their versatility and potential impact across multiple sectors. The review also addresses the toxicity concerns associated with QDs, emphasizing the need for thorough biocompatibility studies and the development of mitigation strategies. The paper concludes by identifying the current challenges in green synthesis and suggesting potential avenues for future research to advance the field toward more sustainable and responsible practices in quantum dot production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100697"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated levels of Pb, Mn and Cd in deep aquifers of Gazipur, Bangladesh: A threat to drinking water safety and public health","authors":"S.M.M.R. Nayeem ,&nbsp;H.M. Zakir ,&nbsp;Shaila Sharmin ,&nbsp;M.H. Rashid ,&nbsp;Aninda Sarker ,&nbsp;A. Rahman ,&nbsp;Q.F. Quadir ,&nbsp;M. Aktaruzzaman","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to measure trace metal concentrations in 144 groundwater samples from all five Upazilas of Gazipur district, Bangladesh. The study also evaluated groundwater suitability for drinking using five water quality indices and assessed potential cancer and non-cancer health risks in adults and children from trace metal exposure through ingestion and dermal absorption. The mean concentrations of As, Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn in groundwater were 0.292 µg <span>l</span>^-1, 0.127, 0.001, 0.034, 0.013, 0.085, and 0.195 mg <span>l</span>^-1, respectively. Among the trace metals, Pb, Mn, and Cd levels exceeded drinking standards in 47.2%, 29.2%, and 6.2% of samples, respectively. The study findings showed that deeper wells increased most of the physicochemical properties of groundwater, including the contents of Cu, Cd, and Pb, while shallower wells &lt;200 feet deep showed significantly elevated concentrations of As and Mn. A total of 47, 57, 56, and 75 sites in the district were identified as problematic based on computed scores of the water quality index (WQI), trace metal pollution index (TMPI), trace metal contamination index (TMCI), and trace metal evaluation index (TMEI), respectively. Among the Upazilas, the groundwater of Gazipur Sadar was categorized as highly polluted for drinking purposes, followed by Kaliakoir, Kaliganj, Kapasia, and Sreepur. The calculated hazard index (HI) values for adults and children due to oral and dermal exposures to trace metals in groundwater were below 1.0, indicating no potential non-cancer health risks. However, the calculated incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) from toxic metals was found to be 29.2% for adults and 29.9% for children in groundwater supplies, which was greater than the threshold value. This study, in conclusion, is anticipated to provide valuable insights for ensuring a safe water supply for urban residents and promoting sustainable groundwater resource management to mitigate health risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100698"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of calcium oxide on enzymatic activities in co-composting of sewage sludge and municipal solid waste","authors":"Jila Amini ,&nbsp;Hiwa Hossaini ,&nbsp;Hooshyar Hossini ,&nbsp;Meghdad Pirsaheb","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sustainable management of municipal solid waste and sewage sludge is essential for mitigating environmental risks and promoting resource recovery. Co-composting, an advanced biological treatment method, relies on enzymatic activities as critical indicators of microbial processes and composting efficiency. This study evaluated the co-composting of MSW and SS in an in-vessel system, focusing on the impact of calcium oxide (CaO) on enzymatic activities and organic matter mineralization. Twelve treatments were analyzed across three groups (primary sludge, secondary sludge, and a 50:50 mixture), with CaO amendments (1 %, 2 %, and 3 %) and controls. Enzymatic activities, including dehydrogenase, catalase, alkaline phosphatase, and urease, increased during the bio-oxidation phase and declined during maturation. Adding CaO significantly enhanced these activities and accelerated organic matter mineralization. Secondary sludge and MSW showed limited performance at lower CaO, but exhibited the highest enzymatic activity (dehydrogenase: 27,350 μgTFP/g compost.h; catalase: 48.6 mL KMnO₄/g dry solid.h; alkaline phosphatase: 1624 µg PNP/g compost.h and urease: 2328 µg NH₄⁺-N/g DM.h) at 3 % CaO. Primary and mixed sludge groups achieved superior enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase: 27,872 and 27,642 μgTFP/g compost.h; catalase: 52.6 and 50.3 mL KMnO4/g dry solid.h; alkaline phosphatase: 1786 and 1661 µg PNP/g compost.h and 2547 and 2335 µg NH₄⁺-N/g DM.h) at 2 % CaO. These results demonstrate that CaO amendments optimize microbial activity, enhance enzymatic functions, and promote efficient organic matter decomposition. The findings underscore the potential of tailored CaO dosages to improve compost quality and efficiency, advancing co-composting as a sustainable waste management strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100695"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticulate versus conventional losartan: Protective effects against CCl4-induced testicular oxidative stress and fibrosis in rats","authors":"Dina Abdalla Arida ,&nbsp;Amira Osman ,&nbsp;Ahmed El-Sayed Nour El-Deen ,&nbsp;Dina Elzeiny ,&nbsp;Mona Ibrahim Elyamany ,&nbsp;Ola Mohammed Youssef","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Environmental and pharmaceutical toxicants have contributed to a decline in human fertility. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄), a widely used industrial compound, is known to induce oxidative stress and fibrosis in various tissues, including the testes, leading to impaired male reproductive function. Losartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, has shown potential in mitigating oxidative stress and fibrosis. However, the comparative efficacy of ordinary Losartan versus its nanoparticle form (LP-NPs) in alleviating CCl₄-induced testicular toxicity remains unexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of ordinary and nanoparticle forms of Losartan against CCl₄-induced testicular toxicity, focusing on oxidative stress, fibrosis, and reproductive function in rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control, CCl₄-treated, CCl₄ + ordinary Losartan (10 mg/kg), and CCl₄ + LP-NPs (10 mg/kg). CCl₄ was administered intraperitoneally (1 mL/kg) twice weekly for six weeks, followed by four weeks of Losartan treatment. Testicular weight, sperm parameters (count, motility, morphology), testosterone levels, oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH, SOD), and fibrosis markers (Sirius Red, α-SMA, TIMP1) were assessed. Histopathological and molecular analyses were performed to evaluate structural and gene expression changes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CCl₄ significantly reduced testicular weight (1.69 g vs. control, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), sperm count (79.07 ± 6.67 vs. 127.2 ± 9.02, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and testosterone levels (1.78 ± 0.45 ng/mL vs. control, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), while increasing oxidative stress (MDA: <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and fibrosis markers (α-SMA, TIMP1: <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Both ordinary Losartan and LP-NPs ameliorated these effects, but LP-NPs showed superior efficacy. LP-NPs significantly increased testicular weight (1.53 g, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), sperm count (116.48 ± 11.81, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and testosterone levels (2.36 ± 0.03 ng/mL, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) compared to ordinary Losartan. Additionally, LP-NPs more effectively reduced oxidative stress (MDA: <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and fibrosis markers (α-SMA, TIMP1: <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and improved seminiferous tubule diameter (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Both ordinary and nanoparticle forms of Losartan attenuated CCl₄-induced testicular toxicity by reducing oxidative stress and fibrosis, with LP-NPs demonstrating superior efficacy in improving reproductive function and histological structure. These findings suggest that Losartan, particularly in nanoparticle form, is a promising therapeutic candidate for mitigating testicular damage caused by environmental toxins.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100692"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the potential of microbial biominers in bioleaching for heavy metal recovery from E-waste – A comprehensive review","authors":"Krishnan Harshan,&nbsp;Anand Prem Rajan","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modern-day technology is rapidly developing giving rise to increased production of electronic devices. Electronic waste or e-waste generation is a serious environmental concern as e-waste encompasses around 70 % of the total toxic waste produced in the world. The fundamental components of e-waste contain a complex array of heavy metals in large quantities, some of which are toxic to the environment but are vital resources. As a result, e-waste recycling is critical not only for waste treatment, but also for metal recovery and economic growth. Physical and chemical strategies for recovering heavy metals from e-waste were partially successful as the resulting by-products were still toxic to the environment. The limitations of these conventional methods gave rise to biological strategies like bioleaching that are environmentally-friendly as they employ biological agents such as bacteria. While most reviews only highlight about bioleaching process and its mechanisms, very few provide information about the sequestration mechanisms followed after bioleaching along with it. This review provides valuable insights on the bioleaching process along with the sequestration mechanisms by microbes after bioleaching and a hypothetical analysis of bioleaching by bacteria, fungi and algae as a consortium for a self-sustaining and effective way of heavy metal recovery from e-waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100691"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of physical parameters and potentially toxic elements in municipal water distribution systems","authors":"Nida Gul ,&nbsp;Taufiq Nawaz ,&nbsp;Hasnain Ahmad ,&nbsp;Muhammad Farooq Khan ,&nbsp;Khan Malook ,&nbsp;Shah Saud ,&nbsp;Shah Hassan ,&nbsp;Sobhy M. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Mo Zhu ,&nbsp;Haitao Liu ,&nbsp;Fazal Said ,&nbsp;Fazal Jalal ,&nbsp;Mahmood Hemat ,&nbsp;Shah Fahad","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Presence of the potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is a matter of serious concern when it comes to human health. Most of the previous studies conducted simply quantify the levels of these PTEs in drinking water. Contrary to those studies, the current study is aimed to quantify and correlate the PTEs at source and household levels which counts a novel study in District Swabi. About forty (<em>n</em> = 40) of drinking water samples were collected from six MWDS in Swabi, Pakistan. The physico-chemical parameters, including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and total dissolved solids (TDS), were measured through Consort electrochemical analyzer Model, C931. PTEs such as Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn) and Nickel (Ni) were quantified using Perkin Elmer electro-thermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS), equipped with graphite furnace. Water Quality Index (WQI) and Hazard Index (HI) were employed to classify the severity of risk. Among the PTEs, Cd and Cr were found in concentrations above the permissible limits of WHO and USEPA. Similarly few of the samples also showed high levels of Pb and Ni. Drinking water of Maini, and Zaida distribution system were classified to be unsafe for consumption based on their WQI values of 1000 and 1814, respectively. Similarly, significant health risk (HI&gt;1) obtained for Children and adults of Shahmansoor and Zaida due to presence of elevated PTEs levels. From findings, it can be assumed that the municipal water distribution systems Swabi district is highly contaminated with PTEs and is a source of serious health risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100694"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}