Kai Chen Goh , Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan , Norliana Sarpin , Md Asrul Nasid Masrom , Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman , Abdelkader Anouzla , Faissal Aziz , Imran Ali , Joan C. Casila , Muhammad Imran Khan , Dongdong Zhang , Mohamed Mahmoud , Choo Wou Onn
{"title":"Combating microplastic pollution in Malaysia's marine ecosystems using technological solutions, policy instruments, and public participation: A review","authors":"Kai Chen Goh , Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan , Norliana Sarpin , Md Asrul Nasid Masrom , Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman , Abdelkader Anouzla , Faissal Aziz , Imran Ali , Joan C. Casila , Muhammad Imran Khan , Dongdong Zhang , Mohamed Mahmoud , Choo Wou Onn","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastic pollution poses a significant threat to marine ecosystems, impacting biodiversity and human health. These ecosystems, vital for supporting fisheries, regulating climate, and providing recreation, are highly vulnerable to pollutants like microplastics—tiny plastic particles under 5 mm in size. Microplastics originate from the breakdown of larger plastic debris and the release of microbeads from personal care products. This pollution poses a significant threat to marine ecosystems, affecting biodiversity and human health. The aim of this review is to assess the current state of microplastic pollution in Malaysia's marine environments and to evaluate the effectiveness of technological solutions, policy measures, and public engagement in addressing this challenge. Specifically, the review seeks to examine the role of advancements such as microplastic detection sensors and biodegradable materials, which show potential for mitigating pollution in the aquatic ecosystems. Recent studies show a 20 % improvement in detection accuracy through advanced sensor technologies, enhancing the precision of targeted clean-up operations. Pilot projects using biodegradable polymers have decreased microplastic release by 15 %, pointing to promising shifts in material usage. Stricter plastic waste management regulations have been implemented by the Malaysian government, including plastic bag bans in select states, resulting in a 30 % reduction in plastic bag usage and a corresponding decrease in microplastic inputs to marine ecosystems. Microplastic monitoring programs have led to a rise in public awareness, with a 40 % increase in voluntary clean-ups and a 50 % improvement in public understanding of microplastic issues. These combined efforts—advanced technology, policy enforcement, and community engagement—demonstrate a multi-faceted approach toward reducing microplastic pollution and fostering environmental stewardship in Malaysia. Overall, while advancements in technology, policy, and public engagement offer promise in reducing microplastic pollution, several challenges persist. Key barriers include the lack of a comprehensive national strategy, insufficient enforcement of existing policies, and limited awareness, especially in rural communities. This study underscores the importance of a multi-dimensional approach—combining technological innovations, strengthened regulatory frameworks, and active public participation—to effectively address microplastic pollution in Malaysia's marine ecosystems. The contribution of this work lies in its holistic perspective on combating microplastic pollution, emphasizing the critical roles of technology, policy, and community action. By advocating for integrated efforts, this review provides a foundation for ongoing research, informed policy-making, and community engagement that are essential to preserving marine ecosystems for future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100542"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
KV Neethu , Hanse Antony , P Hari Praved , NG Athul Krishna , S Bijoy Nandan , SR Marigoudar , KV Sharma
{"title":"Unveiling cadmium toxicity in Etroplus suratensis through endpoint analysis and biomarker profiling: A step towards coastal water quality guideline development","authors":"KV Neethu , Hanse Antony , P Hari Praved , NG Athul Krishna , S Bijoy Nandan , SR Marigoudar , KV Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study contributes to ecotoxicological data essential for establishing water quality standards for cadmium (Cd). The 96-hour median lethal concentration (LC<sub>50</sub>) of Cd on <em>Etroplus suratensis</em> was 1.56 ± 0.02 mg L<sup>−1</sup> with upper and lower confidence intervals of 1.24 to 1.89 mg L<sup>−1</sup> respectively<sup>.</sup> The No Observable Effect Concentration (NOEC), Lowest Observable Effect Concentration (LOEC), and chronic values were 0.11, 0.18, and 0.15 mg L<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and total glutathione (TG) increased dose-dependently. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) significantly rose (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity in the brain and muscle decreased significantly at 0.32 (<em>p</em> < 0.01) and 0.47 (<em>p</em> < 0.001) mg L<sup>−1</sup>. Energy reserves and electron transport system (ETS) activity dropped in Cd-exposed groups. Cellular energy allocation decreased from controls to the highest exposure group. Behavioral changes such as rubbing, surfacing, jerking, burst swimming, and fin flickering intensified with exposure. Hematological analysis showed a dose-dependent red blood cell (RBC) count decrease and a white blood cell (WBC) count increase. Major gill lesions included lamellar aneurism, lamellar fusion, necrosis, hyperplasia, and hypertrophy. Liver abnormalities featured blood vessel dilation, thrombosis, hemosiderin formation, nuclear pyknosis, and necrosis. Retinular layer damage affected pigment and photoreceptor cells. The integrated biomarker index indicated significant effects on GST, GPx, ETS activity, and LPO content. Also, the high sensitivity of <em>Etroplus suratensis</em> to cadmium confirms its suitability as an indicator species for pollution monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100541"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yen-Yi Lee , I-Cheng Li , Sakthivel Kogularasu , Bo-Wun Huang , Ya-Fen Wang , Srinivaas Masimukku , Minh-Thuan Pham , Guo-Ping Chang-Chien
{"title":"Advanced Oxide-Stabilized Zirconia Ceramics for Flue Gas Filtration in Air Purification Systems","authors":"Yen-Yi Lee , I-Cheng Li , Sakthivel Kogularasu , Bo-Wun Huang , Ya-Fen Wang , Srinivaas Masimukku , Minh-Thuan Pham , Guo-Ping Chang-Chien","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollution, largely driven by industrial activities and fossil fuel combustion, poses a critical threat to both the environment and public health. Addressing emissions, particularly from factories operating at extremely high temperatures, demands advanced filtration technologies capable of withstanding such severe conditions. Ceramic filters have emerged as a promising solution due to their superior thermal stability, chemical resistance, and mechanical durability. Among these, oxide-stabilized zirconia (OSZ) ceramics have garnered significant attention for their potential in high-temperature flue gas filtration. OSZ ceramics enhance the intrinsic properties of zirconia, such as its high melting point and mechanical strength, while stabilizing its phases to prevent performance-degrading phase transformations. This review comprehensively examines the role of phase transformations in ZrO<sub>2</sub> materials, alongside the fabrication methods, structural characteristics, and advantages of ZrO<sub>2</sub> ceramics in air filtration applications. The review examines various stabilizing agents used to maintain phase stability and optimize material performance under extreme conditions, highlighting the benefits of OSZ in flue gas filtration. Additionally, it covers recent advancements in OSZ synthesis and application, addressing critical limitations such as production challenges and the environmental impacts of large-scale use. The discussion emphasizes the move toward sustainable development in air filtration technologies. Finally, the review provides a forward-looking perspective on future research needs, aiming to further optimize OSZ ceramics for more effective and widespread industrial air pollution control, with a focus on improving performance, scalability, and environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100539"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cristina Corpa , Ana Balea , Guillermo Nieto , Yelizaveta Chernysh , Lada Stejskalová , Angeles Blanco , M. Concepcion Monte
{"title":"Bibliometric analysis of emerging contaminants and cytostatic compounds: Understanding the current challenges","authors":"Cristina Corpa , Ana Balea , Guillermo Nieto , Yelizaveta Chernysh , Lada Stejskalová , Angeles Blanco , M. Concepcion Monte","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging contaminants (ECs) include a wide range of substances whose presence may pose a risk to the environment and human health. Research on cytostatic pollutants is increasing because the exponential growth of cancer treatments leads to higher discharge of cytostatic contaminants with wastewater treatment plant effluents. This systematic bibliometric review shows 4166 publications within the topic of ECs and cytostatic drugs in water bodies since 1996, mainly in the category of Environmental Science. China, Spain and USA are the most productive countries nowadays and Europe has 41,6 % of the publications. Research topics have shifted from identifying the presence of ECs, in the period 1996–2012, to understanding their fate, distribution, and long-term impacts as well as on developing removal technologies, in the period 2012–2023. 29 main keywords have been identified and classified into four thematic groups: contaminants, analytical techniques, water bodies and treatments. Principal component analysis has integrated them into two principal components (PC). PC1 includes keywords within the groups of water bodies and treatments, and it reflects 70 % of the original data variance; while PC2 represents the analytical topic, and it represents 20 % of the variance. The co-occurrence networks of keywords, analysed by VOSviewer, show four clusters in both periods, with “emerging contaminants”, “pharmaceuticals”, and “personal care products” as the most important. “Contaminants” that appear in the first period have been substituted by “treatment plants” in the last decade. The keyword “personal care products” shows the highest increase (14-fold), higher than “emerging contaminants” (13 times) and “cytostatic drugs” (10 times). In recent years, the research interest on the formation of transformation products during water treatments and their risks has increased as shown by the higher importance of keywords such as \"transformation products\", \"risk assessment\" and \"toxicity”, as consequence of the development of advanced oxidation treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100538"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rifsha Naseem , Arshad Mehmood Abbasi , Huma Ajab , Ladan Khan , Faridullah F , Asim Yaqub
{"title":"Quantification of toxic metals contamination and health risk assessment in processed and raw dairy products in Abbottabad city","authors":"Rifsha Naseem , Arshad Mehmood Abbasi , Huma Ajab , Ladan Khan , Faridullah F , Asim Yaqub","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Toxic metal contamination (such as Cd, Cr and Pb) in processed and raw dairy products is an important environmental and public health concern. The accumulation of these metals in dairy products causes health threats to consumers. Various anthropogenic and natural activities discharge metals into the soil, where they are consumed by plants and become a part of the food chain. In addition, there is a considerable risk of metal contamination in dairy products during various business processes. The present study was carried out to determine the quantities of toxic metals found in dairy product samples. These dairy products have been classified into two groups: raw dairy products, which were self-extracted from cows and buffaloes employing adequate hygiene, and processed dairy products, which were bought from the Abbottabad market. These samples were generated using a double acid digestion approach, and toxic metals were quantified using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). For health risk assessment, the Health Risk Index (HRI), Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), and the Target Cancer Risk (TCR) indices were used. The relative levels of toxic metals in processed dairy product samples were as follows: Cd levels were highest in cheese (0.106±0.006 mg/kg), followed by butter and desi ghee (0.089±0.066 and 0.074±0.043 mg/kg, respectively). Cr concentrations were maximum in flavored milk (0.471± 0.290 mg/kg) and desi ghee (0.371± 0.01 mg/kg). Pb levels found in cheese were higher (1.753±0.194 mg/kg), then desi ghee and butter (1.025±0.01 and 0.652±0.397 mg/kg, respectively). Toxic metals in raw dairy products were measured in cow samples in the order of Cr ≥ Pb ≥ Cd. In a similar manner for buffalo samples, toxic metals followed the same trend as in cow samples. Though the concentrations of targeted metals in both raw and processed dairy product samples exceeded the threshold levels, the estimated levels of THQ and TCR were within the permissible range. However, our findings suggest that these metals in dairy products should be assessed on a continuous basis, as anthropogenic activities are contributing substantially to metal contamination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100537"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The pesticide paradox: Metabolomics insights into N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) exposure as a culprit of infant undernourishment","authors":"Nurmeen Adil , Zehra Jamil , Junaid Iqbal , Amna Jabbar Siddiqui , Syed Sibt-e-Hassan , Sindhia Kumari , Syed Asad Ali , Syed Ghulam Musharraf","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>N</em>-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is widely used in various industrial applications as a solvent, due to its effectiveness. However, its excessive use might end up with harmful effects on human health. In this investigation, we explored the association between infant serum metabolites and undernourishment among infants born to mothers exposed to pesticides from pregnancy to 6 months of breastfeeding. Using an untargeted metabolomics approach, we analyzed 171 serum samples from infants aged 3-6 months, comprising 149 cases of undernutrition (WHZ < − 2) and 22 controls (WHZ > 0). After performing statistical analysis, 9 metabolites exhibited significance at a <em>p</em>-value of < 0.05. Notably, one of these metabolites, <em>N</em>-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) a well-known pesticide adjuvant, is found to be significantly elevated among undernourished infants. NMP is recognized for its potential toxic effects and adverse health consequences. This is the first study in which its effect on humans is observed, as previous studies were conducted on animal models. Moreover, two essential fatty acids, stearic acid and heneicosanoic acid, are found to be lower in undernourished infants. This finding raises questions about the mothers' diet, in addition to pesticide exposure, particularly since all infants were exclusively breastfed. Further studies are needed to understand the long-term impact of pesticide exposure on pregnant mothers as well as the aftermath on their infants. Overall our findings highlight NMP's industrial utility and its detrimental health consequences potentially creating a paradox, highlighting the conflicting interests between industrial and health sectors regarding the same chemical.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100533"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ganesh T. Chavan , Haeun Kim , Kyu-Young Shim , Yogendra Kumar Mishra , Hosub Lee , Jinsung An , Kyoungphile Nam
{"title":"Innovative binding gels in diffusive gradients in thin film to detect hazardous contaminants: A critical review","authors":"Ganesh T. Chavan , Haeun Kim , Kyu-Young Shim , Yogendra Kumar Mishra , Hosub Lee , Jinsung An , Kyoungphile Nam","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review extensively examines the utilization of diffusive gradients in thin-film (DGT) technology for evaluating hazardous contaminants in terrestrial and aquatic environments. It mainly probes the crucial role of binding gel materials in DGT devices, emphasizing the use of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), and mixed hybrid nanomaterials in overcoming current challenges and improving DGT device efficiency. Specific types of binding gels are used for monitoring particular classes of contaminants such as DM-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles (NP) for heavy metals, and XDA-1 for personal care products, XAD™18 for polyfluoroalkyl substances, TFN-CD for endocrine disruptors, MOF-derived porous carbon materials for antibiotics, ZIF-MOF/UiO-66 for drugs and heavy metals. Compared to traditional binding resins (Chelex®-100, Metsorb™, and ferrihydrite), these hybrid binding gels offer excellent advantages such as high selectivity and sensitivity, improved adsorption capacity, precision, higher elution efficiency, and better recyclability. Thus, these innovative hybrid binding resins are potential candidates for replacing existing binding gels in DGT devices under different environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100530"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adverse impacts of microplastics on soil physicochemical properties and crop health in agricultural systems","authors":"Md Mehedee Hasan , Most Nishat Tarannum","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pervasive use of plastics has led to significant environmental concerns, particularly with microplastics emerging as a critical pollutant in agriculture. While existing studies have documented the accumulation of microplastics in various environments, this review distinctively focuses on agricultural soils as a critical endpoint for these contaminants. Unlike other reviews, we delve into the overview through which microplastics integrate into soil matrices and the subsequent implications for soil health and crop production. We examine the environmental sources, fate, and toxicity of microplastics within agricultural settings, highlighting unique pathways through which these materials enter the soil, such as plastic mulches, irrigation with contaminated water, and organic amendments like compost and sewage sludge.</div><div>This review not only synthesizes current knowledge but also identifies significant knowledge gaps in understanding how microplastics interact with soil properties, microbial communities, and agricultural crops. These interactions are crucial for addressing food safety concerns and evaluating risks to human health through potential bioaccumulation and biomagnification processes. Furthermore, our findings aim to catalyse policy-making and practical solutions, proposing ways that the agricultural sector can adapt to reduce microplastic pollution. Addressing the issue of microplastic pollution in agriculture is essential not only for ensuring food security but also for protecting human health and maintaining environmental integrity. This review contributes uniquely by proposing a framework for future research and action, guiding stakeholders towards comprehensive solutions for a pressing global issue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100528"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shin-Young Park , Hyeok Jang , Jaymin Kwon , Yongsuk Choi , Kwang Rae Kim , Hyun Ju Ha , Hakmyeong Lim , Ju Sung Park , Cheol-Min Lee
{"title":"Integrated source analysis of particulate and gaseous pollutants: Seoul as an urban case study","authors":"Shin-Young Park , Hyeok Jang , Jaymin Kwon , Yongsuk Choi , Kwang Rae Kim , Hyun Ju Ha , Hakmyeong Lim , Ju Sung Park , Cheol-Min Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Various air pollutants, including fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>, referring to particles smaller than 2.5 μm), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>), among others, can induce or exacerbate diseases. Despite being simultaneously emitted from anthropogenic sources like vehicle exhaust and solvents, source analyses often treat particulate and gaseous pollutants separately. This study investigated the characteristics and sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and gaseous pollutants in Jongno, Seoul, from August 2020 to July 2023. PM<sub>2.5</sub> components (ions, carbons, trace elements) and 56 VOCs, NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, CO, and O<sub>3</sub> were measured. Correlation analysis showed a low correlation between road dust, soil ions, and VOCs, while secondary inorganic aerosols and vehicle-related trace elements exhibited strong correlations with VOCs, indicating mobile sources of pollutants. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified nine key factors affecting urban air quality, including traffic emissions, fossil fuel combustion, and diesel exhaust. Vehicle exhaust sources were found to significantly influence both PM<sub>2.5</sub> and VOC levels, highlighting the need for integrated pollutant source analysis. This comprehensive approach provides insights into urban pollution and can inform effective mitigation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100535"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seoyeong Ahn , Cinoo Kang , Jieun Oh , Hyewon Yun , Sojin Ahn , Ayoung Kim , Dohoon Kwon , Jinah Park , Hyemin Jang , Ejin Kim , Michelle L. Bell , Ho Kim , Whanhee Lee
{"title":"Heterogeneous associations between short-term ambient ozone exposure and morbidities from infants to seniors: A nationwide case-crossover study in South Korea","authors":"Seoyeong Ahn , Cinoo Kang , Jieun Oh , Hyewon Yun , Sojin Ahn , Ayoung Kim , Dohoon Kwon , Jinah Park , Hyemin Jang , Ejin Kim , Michelle L. Bell , Ho Kim , Whanhee Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the nationwide age-disease-specific associations between short-term exposure to short-term ambient ozone and morbidity because existing studies were limited in assessing the associations between ambient ozone and various morbidities in young or middle-aged populations. Therefore, the study estimated the association between short-term exposure to ambient warm-season ozone (April–September) and hospitalizations via the emergency department (ED admissions) using the National Health Insurance Database, which includes around 99% of people residing in South Korea. The ED admission data covered five major cardiovascular, respiratory, genitourinary, endocrine, and mental disorders/diseases with 51 specific categories. A time-stratified case-crossover design and a machine learning-based ozone-prediction model (R<sup>2</sup> > 0.92) were used. In the total population, the relationship with ambient ozone was most pronounced in ED admissions for mental disorders (odds ratio [OR]: 1.007 with 95% CI: 1.004–1.011) compared to other causes of ED admission, and the higher relationship with ED admissions for mental disorders was generally observed in all adult ages (aged 20 years or older). The associations between ozone and ED admissions for genitourinary and respiratory diseases were observed in individuals aged 0–6 years and over 65–75 years. Excess ED admission costs due to non-compliance with the WHO guidelines (>100 µg/m<sup>3</sup>) were prominent for respiratory diseases, genitourinary diseases, and mental disorders. The population-representative findings regarding heterogeneous excess risk and cost estimates of short-term ozone by combinations between ages and morbidities could contribute to establishing more targeted public health policies and precision social resource mobilizations against ambient ozone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100531"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}