Journal of community medicine & public health最新文献

{"title":"Systemic Nickel Allergy Syndrome (SNAS): Taking Stock of Medical Nutrition Therapy SNAS and Nutrition","authors":"","doi":"10.29011/2577-2228.100225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2228.100225","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & public health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42087751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Enhanced Adherence Counselling among Virally Unsuppressed HIV-Infected Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy in Suburban and Metropolitan parts of Delta State, Nigeria","authors":"Lovina Nkechi Ukwueze, Casmir Ifeanyichukwu Cajetan Ifeanyi, Gladys, Adaku Iroegbu, Janet Aribike, N. F. Ikeneche","doi":"10.29011/2577-2228.100224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2228.100224","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Virally unsuppressed HIV-Infected persons are known to significantly increase the odds of HIV transmission. Though Enhanced Adherence Counselling (EAC) is recommended for improving viral loads outcomes, it is not a lone predictor for viral suppression. This study evaluated the impact of perceptions, psychosocial, economic and other characteristics of virally unsuppressed HIV-Infected adults on enhanced adherence counselling as a strategy for achieving viral suppression. Study design: A facility-based Cross-sectional study. Methods: This study evaluated 415 virally unsuppressed HIV-Infected adults after 6 months on antiretroviral therapy in comprehensive health facilities in Delta State. Structured questionnaire were administered on randomly sampled HIV-Infected adults at the hospitals on their clinic appointments. Data captured into Epi Info 7.0 were analyzed with SPSS 20.0. Chi square was used to determine relationships considering P< 0.05 statistically significant. Results: Of the 415 virally unsuppressed HIV-infected adults evaluated, 49.1% admitted tiresomeness in taking ARVs; 31.5% of subjects reported on the inefficacy of the ARV drugs, while 19.4% of the subjects said that they had issues with the ARV pills burden. Non-adherence to ARV drugs regimen were observed in 74.1% of the HIV-infected adults studied. More than half (50.9%) of the subjects missed their ARV drugs regimen in the past 3 months. Equally, 28.7% and 17.6% of HIV-infected adults had missed their ARV drugs regimen within 1-5 months and for more than 5 months respectively. Conclusions: This study reveals the association of virally unsuppressed HIV infections with non-adherence to ARV regimen due to forgetfulness, faith-healing belief and taking of herbal medicine. Citation: Ukwueze LN, Ifeanyi CIC, Iroegbu GA, Aribike J, Ikeneche NF (2021) Evaluation of Enhanced Adherence Counselling among Virally Unsuppressed HIV-Infected Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy in Suburban and Metropolitan parts of Delta State, Nigeria. J Community Med Public Health 5: 224. DOI: 10.29011/2577-2228.100224 2 Volume 5; Issue 04 J Community Med Public Health, an open access journal ISSN: 2577-2228","PeriodicalId":73682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45452952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safe Drinking Water and Hygiene Facilities Utilization in Rural Households of Kathua District: A Descriptive Study","authors":"Sonika Sangra, Nazuk Razdan, Yangchen Dolma, Sujata Gupta","doi":"10.29011/2577-2228.100223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2228.100223","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Provision of safe water and basic sanitation is becoming a challenge in rural areas which is adversely affecting the health of the people living in such areas. Objective: To assess the core indicators on Sanitation and drinking water from rural area of Kathua district. Methodology: The present study was conducted over a period of 2 months i.e., from November 2019 to December 2019 among rural population of households falling under jurisdiction of Rural Health Training Centre, Budhi. Information was collected from the head of the household as well as from other household members. Overall, 320 households were assessed using standardized study tool. Results: The study revealed that the 72% families were of joint type and most of the families were headed by Male (82%). Main source of drinking water was tube well/borehole. 59% of adult females usually went to fetch the water from source. 82.37% of the rural population used water for drinking from improved source but only 35.59% of the household members used adequate water treatment method i.e., boiling. About 70.95% of the household members used improved sanitation facilities and only 43.17% was the sanitary disposal of children feces. Conclusion: Sanitization and hygiene practices in rural population was reported satisfactory as compared to other studies but still needs public health intervention. Various programs focusing on sanitation and personal hygiene with direct involvement of community should be conducted to raise awareness.","PeriodicalId":73682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45719618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Life-Scores among Palliative Care Cancer Patients in Kenya","authors":"","doi":"10.29011/2577-2228.100222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2228.100222","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45373466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-Demographic Characteristics Associated with Quality of Life-Scores among Palliative Care Cancer Patients in Kenya","authors":"Ondimu Thomas Orindi, D. O. Aduda, F. Amimo","doi":"10.29011/2577-2228.100220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2228.100220","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cancer morbidity and mortality is rising more rapidly in the low and middle income countries, where the infrastructure for diagnosis and care is extremely limited compared to the developed countries. Palliative care aims to mitigate these effects and improve Quality of Life (QoL) of cancer patients by providing appropriate support across life’s domains as the disease progresses. However, these services are not readily available in sub-Saharan Africa and even if they are, often they are not optimized and outcomes rarely assessed. The current study evaluated the socio-demographic characteristics and quality of life of palliative care cancer patients at Kisii Teaching and Referral Hospital. Methods: Through a descriptive cross-sectional design, 120 palliative care cancer patients were assessed for quality of life using MVQOL-I. The association between social demographic characteristic with QoL was analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results: The modal age-groups were 45-54 years old (30%) and 25-34 (22.5%) p=<0.001); females comprised 63%; and those with post-primary level education 66% (p=0.030). Total QOL scores were significantly higher among older age-groups, higher education levels, formally employed, married and better monthly income within socio-demographic characteristics. These results indicate that while majority of patients experienced satisfactory QoL, there exist large unmet palliative care needs. There is need to strengthen capacity and competence of palliative care providers to enable them provide comprehensive palliative services.","PeriodicalId":73682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43440940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Narrative Review on Universal Health Coverage-Concepts, Policy Implications and Path Ahead for India","authors":"V. Ramani, Shruthi M. Shetty, R. Naik","doi":"10.29011/2577-2228.100219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2228.100219","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: UHC addresses the concept of health in all its dimensions and not merely a response to illness. The deficiencies in the healthcare system of India cannot be bridged by additional investment, increasing manpower, adoption of technology or establishing regulatory institutes. Methods: ‘PubMed’ database and Google search engines were used for searching the relevant articles. This review includes 12 studies and other relevant literature which address the determinants of UHC and its impact on the healthcare system in India. Body: The emphasis of UHC is on the coverage of health services and financial protection. In India, the public health sector suffers from shortfalls in management, manpower issues and poor accountability, whereas the private health sector is unregulated and contributes to the increasing health expenditure. UHC will be advantageous to the rural and urban poor including the unorganized sector workers by improving access to health care and preventing financial impoverishment. The rich class in-turn pay a higher proportion of their income towards supporting provision of healthcare, and derive benefit from this system which has predictable quality and assured outreach. Conclusion: The concept of UHC enables health systems in adopting sustainable financing mechanisms and ensures population wide coverage with efficient delivery of a wide range of healthcare services. In view of the current Covid-19 pandemic and the need to address future pandemics, we need to build resilient health systems as well as hasten the implementation of UHC.","PeriodicalId":73682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45914457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic Data Collection in Health Research: Shared Experiences from the Field, South Africa","authors":"Y. Singh, D. Jackson, A. Gevers, P. Mahlangu, S. Shamu, E. Nel, Nadine Harker, Burnhams, A. Goga","doi":"10.29011/2577-2228.100204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2228.100204","url":null,"abstract":"Background: mHealth and electronic data collection (EDC) systems have rapidly expanded in developing countries. A synthesis of the experiences of the researchers in resource limited African settings who have used electronic (mobile) systems to facilitate data collection in large-scale research was conducted. Methods: We synthesise the experiences of researchers and users engaged in studies using electronic data collection conducted by the South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC): (1) A cross sectional national survey of 9679 mother-infant pairs measuring the effectiveness of Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) programme using low cost Nokia mobile phones; (2) A school-based randomised control trial to prevent gender based violence with teenagers (N=3755) using iPod Touch; (3) A longitudinal community-based study on International Alcohol Control using LAVA tablets on 2000 adults and 1000 adolescents; (4) A retrospective descriptive survey on injury mortality using entry-level Nokia phones to interview 22,733 participants using questionnaires. Results: Electronic Data Collection (EDC) necessitates systematic set-up and testing of the system, training and daily support of data collectors with appropriate matching between data collector age, ability, the tools complexity and size. Some of the risks noted in four research studies conducted in resource-limited settings were delayed uploading of data due to no or limited network coverage, loss of devices (e.g., cell phone or iPod touch), increased training time for older aged users, typing errors, and challenge of keeping batteries charged while conducting fieldwork. The benefits noted included the use of automated skip patterns and mandatory fields which reduced errors and early detection of potential errors, user-friendly interfaces, access to real time data for monitoring of field work enabling simultaneous feedback to staff and management, negated the need for data capturers, reduced printing and storage costs and reduction in time from completion of data collection to the generation of a cleaned final data set for analysis. Conclusion: The benefits of using electronic (mobile) systems for data collection appear to outweigh the risks in resource limited settings. Given the continuously changing information and technology age, electronic mobile technologies are becoming a popular data collection tool. Like any other technological tool, electronic systems can be improved to","PeriodicalId":73682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & public health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69475194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AntiCovid Masks Cause Hypercapnia/Rebreathing during Sedation","authors":"C. Melloni","doi":"10.29011/2577-2228.100200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2228.100200","url":null,"abstract":"Patients undergoing plastic surgey wearing their own cloth masks during sedation show hypercapnia, rebreathing and occasionally low FiO2. It is probable that people wearing their own cloth masks would exhibit the same trend while walking.","PeriodicalId":73682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & public health","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69475222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Mixed-Methods Approach to Understanding Patients’ Cost, Quality & Access to Care Concerns Regarding the U.S. Healthcare System","authors":"K. Schuller, S. Nicks","doi":"10.29011/2577-2228.100214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2228.100214","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In the U.S","PeriodicalId":73682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & public health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69475543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Efficiency in Patient Throughput in the Health Department Setting: A Quality Improvement Initiative","authors":"Sarah E. Gravel, Lillianne Lewis Debnam","doi":"10.29011/2577-2228.100203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2228.100203","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This project focused on a health district comprised of 12 county health departments in the southeastern region of the United States. At the time of this project, this district was currently working on its accreditation process to become a nationally certified and recognized body for the quality of care provided in the communities served, by the Public Health Accreditation Board. Quality improvement projects are important within public health and ongoing evaluation is necessary to improve processes. Methods: A time study with a pre and post-implementation of a streamlined electronic consent form was conducted, as well as a survey distributed to staff members pre and post-implementation to determine demographics, staff attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions. Results: Results from this quality improvement project demonstrated a reduction in time at one participating county to complete general consents with the customer service representatives by 91 seconds from pre to post. Respondents in the pre-implementation staff survey (n=31) tallied that 0.00% strongly agreed that patient intake process times are adequate while 54.84% disagreed that patient intake process times are adequate. In post-implementation of the same statement, respondents (n=16) tallied that 31.25% strongly agreed or agreed that patient intake process times were adequate. Conclusions: The project provided valuable data within the three participating counties. Effective methods to increase throughput, decrease waiting times, and improve overall staff and patient satisfaction within the departments is instrumental to success.","PeriodicalId":73682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & public health","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69475380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}