Journal of cognitive enhancement : towards the integration of theory and practice最新文献

{"title":"Computerized Cognitive Training: A Review of Mechanisms, Methodological Considerations, and Application to Research in Depression","authors":"Alice Grinberg, D. Egglefield, S. Schiff, J. Motter, J. Sneed","doi":"10.1007/s41465-021-00209-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41465-021-00209-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cognitive enhancement : towards the integration of theory and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41465-021-00209-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44288882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural Concomitants of Remote Memory in a Comedian with Exceptional Verbal Memory","authors":"N. Mella, F. Grouiller, M. Mouthon, F. Picard","doi":"10.1007/s41465-021-00210-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41465-021-00210-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cognitive enhancement : towards the integration of theory and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41465-021-00210-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43892073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No Evidence for Expectation Effects in Cognitive Training Tasks","authors":"M. Vodyanyk, A. Cochrane, A. Corriveau, Z. Demko, C. S. Green","doi":"10.1007/s41465-021-00207-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41465-021-00207-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cognitive enhancement : towards the integration of theory and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41465-021-00207-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46830058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying the Health Belief Model to Quantify and Investigate Expectations for Computerized Cognitive Training.","authors":"Jerri D Edwards,&nbsp;Christine B Philllips,&nbsp;Melissa L O'Connor,&nbsp;Jennifer L O'Brien,&nbsp;Elizabeth M Hudak,&nbsp;Jody S Nicholson","doi":"10.1007/s41465-020-00183-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41465-020-00183-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the demonstrated benefits of computerized cognitive training for older adults, little is known about the determinants of training behavior. We developed and tested scales to quantify expectations about such training, examine whether expectations predicted training adherence, and explore if training expectations changed from pre- to post-training. Participants (<i>N</i>=219) were healthy older adults aged 55-96 years (<i>M</i>=75.36, <i>SD</i>=9.39), enrolled in four studies investigating Dakim, Insight, or Posit Science Brain Fitness computerized cognitive training programs. Instruments were adapted from existing health behavior scales: Self Efficacy for Cognitive Training, Outcome Expectations for Cognitive Training, Perceived Susceptibility to Cognitive Decline, Dementia or Alzheimer's Disease, and Perceived Severity of Cognitive Decline, Dementia or Alzheimer's Disease. Participants completed scales at baseline (<i>N</i>=219) and post-training (<i>n</i>=173). Eight composites were derived from factor analyses. Adherence rates were high (<i>M</i>=81%), but none of the composites predicted training adherence. There was an overall significant effect of time, Wilks' λ=.843, <i>F</i>(8, 114)=2.65, <i>p</i>=.010, partial <i>η</i> ^<i>2</i> =.157, a significant overall effect of training group, Wilks' λ=.770, <i>F</i>(16, 228)=1.99, <i>p</i>=.015, partial <i>η</i> ^<i>2</i> =.123, and an overall significant group x time interaction, Wilks' λ=.728, <i>F</i>(16, 226)=2.44, <i>p</i>=.002, partial <i>η</i> ^<i>2</i> =.147. Significant effects of time were found for e<i>xpected psychological outcomes</i> and <i>self-efficacy</i>. Post-training, participants more strongly agreed that training was enjoyable and increased their sense of accomplishment. Changes in s<i>elf-efficacy for cognitive training</i> varied by program, improvingfor Dakim- and declining for the more challenging Brain Fitness- and InSight participants. These newly devised scales may be useful for examining cognitive training behaviors. However, more work is needed to understand factors that influence older adults' enrollment in and adherence to cognitive training.</p>","PeriodicalId":73678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cognitive enhancement : towards the integration of theory and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41465-020-00183-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25560058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of the BAILAMOS™ Dance Program on Brain Functional Connectivity and Cognition in Older Latino Adults: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Guilherme M Balbim, Olusola A Ajilore, Kirk I Erickson, Melissa Lamar, Susan Aguiñaga, Eduardo E Bustamante, David X Marquez","doi":"10.1007/s41465-020-00185-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41465-020-00185-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dance is a culturally salient form of physical activity (PA) for older Latinos. Resting-state functional connectivity (FC) is a putative biomarker for age-related cognitive decline. We aimed to investigate the impact of the BAILAMOS™ dance program on FC in three brain functional networks (Default Mode [DMN], Frontoparietal [FPN], and Salience [SAL] networks), and cognition. Ten cognitively healthy older Latinos participated in the four-month BAILAMOS™ dance program. We assessed PA levels (self-reported and device-assessed) and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness, cognition, and resting-state FC via functional magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and post-intervention. We performed paired t-tests and Pearson correlations. Given the pilot nature of the study, significance levels were set at <i>p</i> < 0.05 and effect sizes are reported. We observed a significant increase in self-reported moderate leisure-time PA from pre- to post-intervention (<i>t</i>(9) = 3.16, <i>p</i> = 0.011, <i>d</i> = 0.66). FC within-FPN regions of interest (ROIs) significantly increased pre- to post-intervention (<i>t</i>(9) = 2.35, <i>p</i> = 0.043, <i>d</i> = 0.70). DMN ROIs showed an increase, with a moderate effect size, in the integration with other networks' ROIs (<i>t</i>(9) = 1.96, <i>p</i> = 0.081, <i>d</i> = 0.64) post-intervention. Increases in moderate leisure-time PA at post-intervention were associated with increases in the FC within-FPN (R = 0.79, <i>p</i> = 0.006). Our results suggest that dance might be a promising approach for improving age-related disruption of FC within- and between-networks commonly associated with cognitive decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":73678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cognitive enhancement : towards the integration of theory and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7968343/pdf/nihms-1617579.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25503848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Training with an auditory perceptual learning game transfers to speech in competition","authors":"E. L. D. de Larrea-Mancera, Markus Philipp, T. Stavropoulos, A. Carrillo, S. Cheung, Tess K. Koerner, Michelle R. Molis, F. Gallun, A. Seitz","doi":"10.1101/2021.01.26.428343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.26.428343","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding speech in the presence of acoustical competition is a major complaint of those with hearing difficulties. Here, a novel perceptual learning game was tested for its effectiveness in reducing difficulties with hearing speech in competition. The game was designed to train a mixture of auditory processing skills thought to underlie speech in competition, such as spectral-temporal processing, sound localization, and auditory working memory. Training on these skills occurred both in quiet and in competition with noise. Thirty college-aged participants without any known hearing difficulties were assigned either to this mixed-training condition or an active control consisting of frequency discrimination training within the same gamified setting. To assess training effectiveness, tests of speech in competition (primary outcome), as well as basic supra-threshold auditory processing and cognitive processing abilities (secondary outcomes) were administered before and after training. Results suggest modest improvements on speech in competition tests in the mixed-training compared to the frequency-discrimination control condition (Cohen’s d  = 0.68). While the sample is small, and in normally hearing individuals, these data suggest promise of future study in populations with hearing difficulties.","PeriodicalId":73678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cognitive enhancement : towards the integration of theory and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46130093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No State Effects of Brief Mindfulness Meditation on the Executive Functions of Inhibition, Shifting, and Updating","authors":"Michael F. S. Baranski","doi":"10.1007/s41465-020-00198-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41465-020-00198-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cognitive enhancement : towards the integration of theory and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41465-020-00198-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43447076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D Multiple Object Tracking or Adaptive Dual n-back Training Boosts Simple Verbal Working Memory Span but Not Multitasking Performance in Military Participants","authors":"O. Vartanian, Tonya Stokes-Hendriks, Kristen King, Emma J. Rice, S. Forbes","doi":"10.1007/s41465-020-00201-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41465-020-00201-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cognitive enhancement : towards the integration of theory and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41465-020-00201-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53192985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Training with the N-Back Task More Effective Than with Other Tasks? N-Back vs. Dichotic Listening vs. Simple Listening","authors":"Barbara Studer-Luethi, B. Meier","doi":"10.1007/s41465-020-00202-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41465-020-00202-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cognitive enhancement : towards the integration of theory and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41465-020-00202-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48082170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroenhancement for sale: assessing the website claims of neurofeedback providers in the United States.","authors":"Anna Wexler,&nbsp;Ashwini Nagappan,&nbsp;Deena Kopyto,&nbsp;Rebekah Choi","doi":"10.1007/s41465-020-00170-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41465-020-00170-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although electroencephalographic (EEG) neurofeedback is a technique that has been in existence for many decades, it has remained controversial, largely due to questions about efficacy. Yet neurofeedback is being widely offered to the public, often at great expense. To date, however, there has not been empirical data on which providers are utilizing neurofeedback, what they are offering it for, and how they are advertising the technique. The present study aimed to fill that gap by systematically analyzing the websites of neurofeedback practitioners in the United States. To that end, we obtained data from four directories of neurofeedback providers, extracting practitioner names, geographical locations, professional training, and website URLs. Only websites offering neurofeedback services (N=371) were included in the next step, wherein two coders independently coded the websites based on a codebook developed from preliminary analyses. We found that nearly all websites (97.0%) contained claims about at least one clinical indication, most commonly anxiety, ADHD/ADD, and depression; however, only 36.0% of providers had either a medical degree (MD) or a doctoral-level degree in psychology. The majority of websites advertised neurofeedback for cognitive (90.0%) or performance (67.9%) enhancement, and roughly three-quarters utilized language related to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). In sum, there is a considerable divergence between the scientific literature on neurofeedback and the marketing of neurofeedback services to the general public, raising concerns regarding the misrepresentation of services and misleading advertising claims.</p>","PeriodicalId":73678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cognitive enhancement : towards the integration of theory and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41465-020-00170-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39101912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}