Journal of clinical and translational pathology最新文献_第6页

Changing Trends in the Proportional Incidence and Five-year Net Survival of Screened and Non-screened Breast Cancers among Women During 1995–2011 in England 1995-2011年英国女性筛查和未筛查乳腺癌比例发病率和5年净生存率的变化趋势

Journal of clinical and translational pathology Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.14218/jctp.2022.00003

Haiyan Wu, Kwok F. Wong, Shou-En Lu, J. Broggio, Lanjing Zhang

{"title":"Changing Trends in the Proportional Incidence and Five-year Net Survival of Screened and Non-screened Breast Cancers among Women During 1995–2011 in England","authors":"Haiyan Wu, Kwok F. Wong, Shou-En Lu, J. Broggio, Lanjing Zhang","doi":"10.14218/jctp.2022.00003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14218/jctp.2022.00003","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Uptake of breast cancer screening has been decreasing in England since 2007. However, the associated factors are unclear. On the other hand, survival among breast cancer patients have recently increased. We conducted a quasi-experimental analysis to test whether the trend-change in proportional incidence of non-screened cancers coincided with that in five-year net-survival. Methods: We extracted population-based proportional incidence and age-standardized five-year net-survival data from Public Health England that included English women with invasive breast cancer diagnosed during 1995–2011 (linked to death certificates, followed through 2016). Piece-wise log-linear models with change-point/joinpoint were used to estimate temporal trends. Results: Among 254,063 women in England with invasive breast cancer diagnosed during 1995–2011, there was downward-to-upward trend-change in proportional incidence of non-screened breast cancers (annual percent change [APC]=5.6 after 2007 versus APC=−3.5 before 2007, p<0.001) in diagnosis-year 2007, when a steeper upward-trend in age-standardized five-year net survival started (APC=5.7 after 2007/2008 versus APC=0.3 before 2007/2008, p<0.001). Net-survival difference of screened versus non-screened cancers also significantly narrowed (18% in 2007/2008 versus 5% in 2011). Similar associations were found in all strata of race, cancer stage, grade, and histology, except in Black patients or patients with stage I, stage III, or grade I cancer. Conclusions: There was a downward-to-upward trend-change in proportional incidence of non-screened breast cancers in 2007 that coincided with a steeper upward-trend in age-standardized five-year net survival among English women in 2007. Survival benefits of breast cancer screening decreased during 2007–2011. The data support reduction of breast cancer screening in some patients, but future validation studies are warranted.","PeriodicalId":73661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and translational pathology","volume":"2 1","pages":"23 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45998761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Utility and Interpretation of Coagulation Mixing Studies 混凝混合研究的效用和解释

Journal of clinical and translational pathology Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.14218/jctp.2022.00002

M. Losos, Jian Chen

引用次数: 2

HMGA2: A Biomarker in Gynecologic Neoplasia HMGA2:妇科肿瘤的生物标志物

Journal of clinical and translational pathology Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.14218/JCTP.2021.00018

Jian-jun Wei

引用次数: 1

A Simple, Robust, and Cost-effective Method for Genotyping Small-scale Mutations. 一种简单、稳健、经济高效的小规模突变基因分型方法。

Journal of clinical and translational pathology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-14 DOI: 10.14218/JCTP.2022.00014

Liang Zheng, Jake Hill, Lucy Zheng, M A Karim Rumi, X Long Zheng

{"title":"A Simple, Robust, and Cost-effective Method for Genotyping Small-scale Mutations.","authors":"Liang Zheng, Jake Hill, Lucy Zheng, M A Karim Rumi, X Long Zheng","doi":"10.14218/JCTP.2022.00014","DOIUrl":"10.14218/JCTP.2022.00014","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Genotyping is an important tool for studying gene functions in animals or detecting genetic variants in humans. Various methods using low to high concentrations of agarose or polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis have been developed for genotyping. These methods rely on the detection of large-size differences (20-2,000 bp) of targeted PCR products between a wild-type gene and a mutant gene. Endonuclease digestion was introduced to identify heterozygous mutations, but it was not possible to differentiate the wild-type from the homozygous mutants with the same or similar size. This study thus developed a novel, simple, and reliable test for genotyping animals or cells following genetic modifications.Methods: We developed an improved and simple method that used 2% agarose gel electrophoresis following T7E1 or Surveyor endonuclease digestion to firstly separate the heterozygous mutations from the wild-type or homozygous mutations. By adding a wild-type PCR product to a potentially homozygous product, which would form heteroduplexes, we could then separate the wild-type from a homozygous mutation with a nearly identical size or only a single base pair substitution without Sanger sequencing.Results: We verified this method in genotyping zebrafish mutants with a 2-8-bp deletion or insertion and mouse mutants with a 1- or 8-bp substitution. The wild-type, heterozygous, and homozygous mutations ranged 1-8 bp were clearly differentiated on agarose gel. Sanger sequencing also confirmed our genotyping results.Conclusions: This novel and improved genotyping method may have a broad application in many clinical and research laboratories for rapid and economical genotyping of patients and animals with a small area deletion or single base pair substitution, particularly in the era of gene editing or in those with naturally occurring mutations.","PeriodicalId":73661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and translational pathology","volume":" ","pages":"108-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/14/0b/nihms-1837760.PMC9585490.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40566760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging Trends in the Pathological Research of Human Papillomavirus-positive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. 人乳头瘤病毒阳性口咽鳞状细胞癌病理研究的新趋势。

Journal of clinical and translational pathology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.14218/jctp.2022.00004

Joshua Crane, Qiuying Shi, Yibo Xi, Jinping Lai, Kien Pham, He Wang

{"title":"Emerging Trends in the Pathological Research of Human Papillomavirus-positive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Joshua Crane, Qiuying Shi, Yibo Xi, Jinping Lai, Kien Pham, He Wang","doi":"10.14218/jctp.2022.00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14218/jctp.2022.00004","url":null,"abstract":"Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) have shown an alarming rate of increase in incidence over the past several decades, markedly in men. In the United States, transcriptionally-active human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly HPV 16, has become the highest contributive agent of OPSCCs, affecting approximately 16,000 people a year. Compared to patients with HPV-negative OPSCCs, patients with HPV-positive OPSCCs exhibit better health responses to chemoradiotherapy and an overall increase in long-term survival. Despite promising treatment options, many OPSCCs are discovered at an advanced stage, and ~20% of cases will recur after definitive treatment. Therefore, extensive research is ongoing to identify new targets for precision treatment and to stratify tumor prognosis. The aim of this review is to capture the most updated research on HPV-positive OPSCCs, emphasizing their relevance as potential new targets for precision medicine and survival prognosis.","PeriodicalId":73661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and translational pathology","volume":"2 2","pages":"31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/04/1c/nihms-1821289.PMC9585478.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40581455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expression of NKX3.1, Prostatic Specific Antigen and Prostatic Specific Alkaline Phosphatase in Cytology Specimens of Metastatic Prostatic Carcinoma NKX3.1、前列腺特异性抗原和前列腺特异性碱性磷酸酶在转移性前列腺癌细胞标本中的表达

Journal of clinical and translational pathology Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.14218/jctp.2021.00015

Minhua Wang, Rita Abi-Raad, Adebowale J. Adeniran, G. Cai

{"title":"Expression of NKX3.1, Prostatic Specific Antigen and Prostatic Specific Alkaline Phosphatase in Cytology Specimens of Metastatic Prostatic Carcinoma","authors":"Minhua Wang, Rita Abi-Raad, Adebowale J. Adeniran, G. Cai","doi":"10.14218/jctp.2021.00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14218/jctp.2021.00015","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: NKX3.1 is an emerging marker for tumors of prostatic origin; however, the utility and diagnostic values of NKX3.1 have not been broadly studied in cytology specimens. The purpose of this study is to determine the performance of NKX3.1, compared to prostatic specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic specific alkaline phosphatase (PSAP), as an organ-specific marker of metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma (MPAC) in cytology specimens. Methods: The cytology specimens, which had been evaluated to include or exclude MPAC, were collected from our pathology database. Immunostains for PSA, PSAP, and NKX3.1 were performed on cell block sections. Results: A total of 118 cases were collected. In 37 MPACs, NKX3.1 was diffusely positive in 34 cases (92%) and focally positive in 3 cases (8%). PSA indicated diffuse positivity in 16 cases (43%), focal positivity in 13 (35%) cases, and was negative in 8 (22%) cases. PSAP immunostain was performed in only 12 MPACs, showing diffuse positivity in 5 (42%), focal positivity in 3 (25%), and negativity in 4 (33%) cases. Among the 81 non-metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma cases, NKX3.1 was negative in 80 (99%) cases and focally positive in only 1 (1%) case; all cases with available PSA and PSAP staining were negative. The calculated sensitivities for NKX3.1, PSA, and PSAP were 100%, 78%, and 67%, respectively, while the specificities were 99%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusions: Compared to PSA and PSAP, NKX3.1 is more reliable as an individual marker for MPAC in cytology specimens. Combining NKX3.1 and PSA can be useful in some cases to enhance diagnostic utility.","PeriodicalId":73661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and translational pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":"16 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44811430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Creation of Efficient Pathology Research Pipelines for Discovery: Tissue Microarray Construction Coupled with Digital Image Analysis 创建有效的病理研究管道:组织微阵列构建与数字图像分析相结合

Journal of clinical and translational pathology Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.14218/jctp.2021.00012

引用次数: 2

Primary Mediastinal Large B-cell Lymphoma: Diagnostic Challenges and Recent Advances 原发性纵隔大b细胞淋巴瘤:诊断挑战和最新进展

Journal of clinical and translational pathology Pub Date : 2021-09-26 DOI: 10.14218/jctp.2021.00008

Jiehao Zhou, Huan-You Wang

引用次数: 1

Pathological Changes of Adult Mitral Valves after Failed CorMatrix ECM Repair. CorMatrix ECM修复失败后成人二尖瓣的病理变化。

Journal of clinical and translational pathology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-24 DOI: 10.14218/jctp.2021.00009

Baidarbhi Chakraborty, He Wang

{"title":"Pathological Changes of Adult Mitral Valves after Failed CorMatrix ECM Repair.","authors":"Baidarbhi Chakraborty, He Wang","doi":"10.14218/jctp.2021.00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14218/jctp.2021.00009","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: CorMatrix acts as a tissue scaffold and is intended to promote the proliferation of small vessels and tissue remodeling to replicate normal tissue function.Methods: At Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA from 2013 to 2016, CorMatrix material was utilized during mitral valve anterior leaflet augmentation repair in 25 adult patients, and four patients required repeat interventions at 4-12 months (8.25 ± 4.35 months) after the initial repair. This study evaluated the pathological changes in four patients.Results: Histological examination of the CorMatrix showed matrix degradation in all cases. At 4 months after repair, mixed acute and chronic inflammatory cells that included eosinophils were visible within the matrix, which was more severe around the suture material. Later, the extent of inflammation abated and became more chronic with macrophage dominance. Some macrophages and multinucleated cells were visible deep in the matrix. The neovascularization was limited to the tissue-matrix boundary at early time points; the more mature vessels with dilated lumens extended deeper into the matrix as time increased, combined with some elongated fibroblast-like cells. In addition, marked acute and chronic inflammation with neutrophil and eosinophil infiltrate was identified in the surrounding native tissue at 4 months, especially around the suture material. Marked granulomatous inflammation was identified in all cases, with prominent multinucleated giant cells present at later time points (50%). Immunohistochemical staining for CD68 and CD163 showed prominent M2 macrophages in the CorMatrix and surrounding tissue.Conclusions: Our results demonstrated time-dependent changes in failed CorMatrix repaired valves after mitral valve repair, with macrophages and neovascularization in the matrix 12 months after the initial repair.","PeriodicalId":73661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and translational pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4e/b8/nihms-1735673.PMC8697744.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39765670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Liver Involvement by Perforated Peptic Ulcer: A Systematic Review. 穿孔性消化性溃疡累及肝脏:一项系统综述。

Journal of clinical and translational pathology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-04 DOI: 10.14218/jctp.2021.00007

Jingjing Jiao, Lanjing Zhang

{"title":"Liver Involvement by Perforated Peptic Ulcer: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Jingjing Jiao, Lanjing Zhang","doi":"10.14218/jctp.2021.00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14218/jctp.2021.00007","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: Liver penetration by a confined perforation of peptic ulcer is a rare but severe event. Its clinical and pathological features are unclear.Methods: In total, 41 qualified English publications were identified using the PubMed database and one in-house case.Results: Among the 42 patients, 20 patients had liver involvement by a perforated duodenal ulcer and 22 by a gastric ulcer. Among the 23 cases of known ulcer histology, 2 ulcers were malignant and were adenocarcinomas in the gastric remnant and the remaining 21 ulcers were confirmed as histologically benign (for frequency of malignancy in duodenal versus gastric ulcers, p = 0.48). The presence of hepatocytes was the clue of diagnosis for 19 cases. The median ages of the patients were 64.5 years (95% Confidence Intervals [CI] 53.40-71.90) for duodenal ulcer and 65.5 years (95% CI: 59.23-70.95) for gastric ulcer, respectively. The male to female ratio was 1.5:1 for duodenal ulcers and 2:1 for gastric ulcers. Patients with liver involvement of a perforated gastric ulcer were more likely to have a larger ulcer (median largest dimension, 4.75 cm versus 2.5 cm, p = 0.014). Female patients with liver involvement of a gastric ulcer were older than male patients (median age 72 versus 60 years, p = 0.045). There were no differences in gender, region (Asia, Europe, America versus others), use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (n = 15), H. Pylori positivity (n = 10), possible history of peptic ulcer disease (n = 19) or mortality (n = 32) between duodenal and gastric ulcers.Conclusions: Careful histologic examination, clinicopathological correlation, and immunohistochemistry are critical to establish the diagnosis and avoid misdiagnosing liver involvement as malignancy.","PeriodicalId":73661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and translational pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":"2-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0c/3b/nihms-1716510.PMC8681229.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39740514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0