Journal of academic ophthalmology (2017)最新文献

{"title":"Rate of Posterior Capsule Rupture in Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery by Residents with Institution of a Wet Laboratory Course.","authors":"Lauren J Jeang,&nbsp;Jacob J Liechty,&nbsp;Asyvia Powell,&nbsp;Christopher Schwartz,&nbsp;Mark DiSclafani,&nbsp;Mitchell D Drucker,&nbsp;William M McDowell","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1744270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1744270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose</b>  To determine if a structured surgical wet laboratory curriculum for ophthalmology residents reduced the rate of posterior capsule rupture (PCR) in phacoemulsification cataract surgery. <b>Setting</b>  James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL. <b>Design</b>  Retrospective cohort study. <b>Methods</b>  The study assessed resident-performed phacoemulsification cataract cases from 2011 to 2017, after the creation of a wet laboratory course. Primary outcome measure was PCR. If present, timing of complication, dropped lens fragments, and the need for anterior vitrectomies were noted. Self-reported rates of PCR prior to institution of a wet laboratory course (2010-2011) were compared with cases done by residents who completed the course (2011-2017). <b>Results</b>  A total of 3,445 cases were reviewed of which 2.44% (84 cases) noted PCR. Of these, 19% (16) had dropped lens fragments, and 60.7% (51) required anterior vitrectomy. Sixty-nine cases documented timing of PCR with the majority, 58%, occurring during phacoemulsification. When comparing rates of PCR in cases done prior to the presence of a wet laboratory course versus after, there was a significant reduction observed (5.20% before vs. 2.44% after). <b>Conclusion</b>  In the presence of a wet laboratory curriculum, the rate of PCR decreased dramatically. The average rate was lower than those reported at other training programs (2.6-9.9%). Most PCR occurred during phacoemulsification, suggesting need for further focused instruction in this step.</p>","PeriodicalId":73579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of academic ophthalmology (2017)","volume":"14 1","pages":"e70-e73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1d/a2/10-1055-s-0042-1744270.PMC9928111.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9729623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ophthalmology Medical Student Directors, Associate Residency Program Directors, and Program Directors: A Benchmarking Study of Work and Life Metrics.","authors":"Lora R Dagi Glass,&nbsp;C Gustavo De Moraes,&nbsp;Melissa A Wright,&nbsp;Bryan J Winn,&nbsp;Royce W S Chen,&nbsp;George A Cioffi","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1741460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1741460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction</b>  During a time of increased interest in physician well-being, this study benchmarks current work life, home life, and burnout scores for ophthalmology medical student directors (MSD), associate program directors (APD), and program directors (PD). <b>Methods</b>  An anonymous cross-sectional survey was disseminated through the Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology (AUPO) listserve, with queries regarding leadership positions, work time allotment, extracurricular activities, family life, and burnout. Answers were analyzed descriptively through Fisher's exact test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Poisson regression models. <b>Results</b>  Nineteen percent of listed MSD, 15% of APD, and 29% of PD queried responded to the survey. MSD, APD, and PD are statistically similar in terms of work and home life, with the exception of time spent performing administrative tasks for the position. PD spend more time on administrative tasks, and are paid more. All groups score positively on burnout surveys. <b>Conclusion</b>  This benchmarking survey demonstrates that MSD, APD, and PD are intensively involved in both their work and home lives, with a seemingly high correlation of sense of worth both personally and in their careers.</p>","PeriodicalId":73579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of academic ophthalmology (2017)","volume":"14 1","pages":"e23-e30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ea/9c/10-1055-s-0041-1741460.PMC9928081.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9736051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Academic Ophthalmology Curriculum as a Model for Introducing Preprofessional Students to Careers in Ophthalmology.","authors":"Tony Succar,&nbsp;Virginia A Lee,&nbsp;Christopher Karmonik,&nbsp;Andrew G Lee","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1743413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1743413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ophthalmology is one of the most rewarding and fulfilling medical careers in medicine due to the broad practice scope (including a combination of medicine and surgery); patient population (treatment of pediatric and adult patients); diverse patient and pathology mix (healthy eye exams, refractions, and pathology); high patient and provider satisfaction rates; and highly specialized technology and treatments. Unfortunately, academic exposure to ophthalmology as a career in medical school curricula has had a global decline for decades. While most of the evidence-based interventions found in the literature have resulted in enhanced educational outcomes, ophthalmology exposure should be initiated earlier which provided an impetus for developing and implementing a structured curriculum for introducing preprofessional students to careers in ophthalmology. Educational programs offered in the pipeline from high school to college can reach students who are still undecided about higher education and career choices, thus providing an opportunity for increasing the numbers of students in medical and health professions. We describe a structured, academic curriculum model for pregraduate and undergraduate students to enhance interest and to increase academic exposure to basic clinical, research, and educational domains in ophthalmology. The Houston Methodist Hospital (HMH) Academic Institute offers an unparalleled 10-week summer student research program that matches HMH faculty members with students from multiple levels (e.g., high school, college undergraduates, and medical school). Students undergo prerequisite virtual training; attend weekly didactic lectures given by mentors, invited speakers, and other local leaders; shadow health care providers in active clinical settings as observers; participate in active research projects; present at local conferences; and are encouraged to eventually publish their work. We describe the structured curriculum from our first Summer Internship Program for High Schoolers in ophthalmology. To our knowledge an ophthalmology internship program for preprofessional students has not been previously published in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":73579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of academic ophthalmology (2017)","volume":"14 1","pages":"e45-e51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/43/11/10-1055-s-0042-1743413.PMC9927976.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9738898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting Ophthalmology Trainees to Pursue Vitreoretinal Surgery Fellowship.","authors":"John R O'Fee,&nbsp;Nadim Rayess,&nbsp;Carolyn K Pan,&nbsp;Brian C Toy","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1741461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1741461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>  The aim of this study was to understand the factors that ophthalmology trainees consider in pursuing vitreoretinal surgery (VRS) fellowship training. <b>Methods</b>  This is a prospective observational survey study. Survey invitations were disseminated to postgraduate year 4 (PGY)-4 ophthalmology residents at Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited residency programs and surgical retina fellows at Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology Fellowship Compliance Committee-compliant fellowship programs in the United States. Survey questions on factors related to VRS were administered employing a 5-point Likert scale. Responses from ophthalmology residents pursuing surgical retina were combined with surgical retina fellows' responses and compared with responses from PGY-4 residents not pursuing vitreoretinal surgery. <b>Results</b>  Eighty-one resident surveys were completed. Forty-three fellow surveys were completed. Fifty-seven out of eighty-one (70.4%) residents were not pursuing surgical retina, and a total of 67 trainees (24 residents, 43 fellows) were pursuing surgical retina. The following factors were associated with pursuing VRS training: male gender ( <i>p</i>  = 0.031); having performed retina research during residency ( <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001); enjoying surgical retina procedures ( <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001), enjoying surgical retina patient outcomes ( <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001), and working with vitreoretinal surgeons ( <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001); finding surgical retina prestigious ( <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001); perceiving their residency having a strong record of matching surgical retina ( <i>p</i>  = 0.039); liking the potential financial income from surgical retina ( <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001); and having vitreoretinal mentors during residency ( <i>p</i>  = 0.014). A majority of trainees (31/57, 54.4%) not pursuing surgical retina disagreed or strongly disagreed with enjoying the patient outcomes in surgical retina. A third of female residents not pursuing surgical retina felt having a female surgical retina mentor would have made them more likely to pursue the field. <b>Conclusion</b>  Longer retina rotations, encouraging resident participation in retina research, and increasing mentorship opportunities of female trainees from female retina specialists may increase resident interest in pursuing surgical retina fellowship.</p>","PeriodicalId":73579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of academic ophthalmology (2017)","volume":"14 1","pages":"e110-e119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9c/34/10-1055-s-0041-1741461.PMC9927957.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9741472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telemedicine Curriculum in an Ophthalmology Residency Program.","authors":"Kanza Aziz,&nbsp;Noha A Sherif,&nbsp;Ryan S Meshkin,&nbsp;Alice C Lorch,&nbsp;Grayson W Armstrong","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1743580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1743580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of telemedicine in the field of ophthalmology. Despite the increasing utilization of telemedicine, there is a lack of formal training in ophthalmology residency programs to ensure ophthalmologists are prepared to conduct virtual eye exams. <b>Objective</b>  This article aims to assess the impact of an ophthalmic telemedicine curriculum on ophthalmology residents' self-reported knowledge acquisition in conducting telemedicine eye exams, perceived ability to diagnose, manage, and triage common eye diseases, and evaluate their attitudes toward the current and future use of teleophthalmology. <b>Methods</b>  This single-center study at Massachusetts Eye and Ear used a nonvalidated pre- and postcurriculum survey conducted during the 2020 to 2021 academic year among ophthalmology residents. Participants engaged in an ophthalmic telemedicine curriculum that consisted of interactive didactic lectures and electronic postdidactic assessments. <b>Results</b>  Twenty-four residents (100%) completed a precurriculum survey, while 23 of 24 (95.8%) residents completed both the telemedicine curriculum and a postcurriculum survey. On a five-point Likert scale, the median interquartile range (IQR) scores for confidence with setup/logistics, history taking, examination, documentation, and education increased from 2.5 (2.0-4.0) to 4.0 (3.5-4.5) ( <i>p</i>  = 0.001), 3.0 (3.0-4.0) to 5.0 (4.0-5.0) ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001), 2.0 (1.8-2.0) to 4.0 (3.5-4.0) ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001), 2.0 (1.0-2.0) to 4.0 (3.0-4.0) ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001), and 2.5 (2.0-3.0) to 4.0 (4.0-4.0) ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001), respectively. The median (IQR) scores for comfort with ethics/professionalism, disparities and conducting patient triage, diagnosis, and management increased from 2.0 (2.0-2.3) to 4.0 (3.0-4.0) ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001), 2.0 (2.0-2.0) to 3.0 (3.0-4.0) ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001) and 3.0 (2.0-3.0) to 4.0 (3.0-4.0) ( <i>p</i>  = 0.001), 2.0 (2.0-3.0) to 3.0 (3.0-4.0) ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001), and 3.0 (2.0-3.0) to 3.0 (3.0-4.0) ( <i>p</i>  = 0.008), respectively. <b>Conclusion</b>  The implementation of an ophthalmic telemedicine curriculum increased resident confidence and self-reported knowledge across all logistical and clinical components of virtual ophthalmic care. Formal telehealth curricula can address an unmet educational need of resident trainees in an era of rapid uptake and utilization of telehealth services.</p>","PeriodicalId":73579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of academic ophthalmology (2017)","volume":"14 1","pages":"e93-e102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6b/75/10-1055-s-0042-1743580.PMC9927988.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9729620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Interactive Virtual Medical Student Clinical Rotation for Ophthalmology.","authors":"James Frisbie,&nbsp;Hannah Cornman,&nbsp;Ramya Swamy,&nbsp;Janet Leath Alexander,&nbsp;Pavlina S Kemp,&nbsp;Rebekah Friedrich,&nbsp;Colleen A Hughes Driscoll,&nbsp;Moran R Levin","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1743410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1743410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>  This article describes a novel clinical rotation that uses technology to create a remote ophthalmology learning experience with the goal of improving virtual exposure to medical and surgical ophthalmic training for medical students. <b>Methods</b>  Our unique curriculum incorporates mobile-mounted tablets which allow students to virtually participate in inpatient consults, clinic, and ophthalmic surgery. An adaptable mounting device attached to the slit lamp allows students to observe examinations in real time, enhancing recognition of ocular pathologies. Students participate in a robust curriculum that includes independent learning modules, video lectures, interactive modules, podcasts, and surgical video rounds. Students engage with residents and faculty in interactive-guided lectures and case-based discussions that focus on the American Academy of Ophthalmology white paper teaching objectives. Students are mailed surgical instruments and participate in surgical modules and faculty-led virtual wet laboratories. <b>Results</b>  Our unique virtual curriculum combines didactic learning, interactive content, and novel technology applications such as mobile tablets, slit lamp-mounted devices, and faculty-led virtual wet laboratories. <b>Conclusion</b>  Virtual technologies can be utilized to enhance ophthalmology medical student education in a safe and effective way during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and to improve educational access in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":73579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of academic ophthalmology (2017)","volume":"14 1","pages":"e52-e59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/17/ae/10-1055-s-0042-1743410.PMC9928007.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9741469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Content of Ophthalmology Fellowship Program Web sites.","authors":"Peter Alsaloum,&nbsp;Matthew Alsaloum,&nbsp;Tyler J Kim,&nbsp;David X Zheng,&nbsp;Carolina C S Valentim,&nbsp;Justin C Muste,&nbsp;Jeffrey M Goshe,&nbsp;Rishi P Singh","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1747673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1747673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose</b>  To assess the availability and content of fellowship program Web sites (FPWs) among ophthalmology subspecialties. <b>Design</b>  This is a cross-sectional study. <b>Subjects</b>  Web sites of all Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology-accredited fellowship programs in five subspecialties (i.e., surgical retina and vitreous; cornea, external disease, and refractive surgery; glaucoma; neuro-ophthalmology; and pediatric ophthalmology). <b>Methods</b>  FPWs were assessed for the presence of 26 key content criteria encompassing program demographics ( <i>n</i>  = 13), features ( <i>n</i>  = 10), and social life ( <i>n</i>  = 3). The presence of each content criterion as well as the content criteria groups were compared across subspecialties. <b>Main Outcome Measures</b>  The main outcome measured is the average percentage of key content criteria present among ophthalmology fellowship Web sites. <b>Results</b>  Among 266 accredited fellowship programs, 240 (90.2%) had Web sites. On average, Web sites reported 14.9 of 26 key content criteria (57.2%), 8.29 of 13 demographic criteria (63.8%), 5.84 of the 10 program features criteria (58.4%), and 0.705 of the 3 social life criteria (23.5%). Significant differences were identified among subspecialties in the presence of program description ( <i>p</i>  = 0.046), hospital affiliation ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001), names of current fellows ( <i>p</i>  = 0.004), case diversity ( <i>p</i>  = 0.001), and surgical statistics ( <i>p</i>  = 0.015). The average number of key criteria differed between subspecialties ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001). <b>Conclusion</b>  There is significant heterogeneity in program fellowship Web site content among ophthalmology subspecialties. Information regarding social life, such as wellness programs and community information, was largely absent across all disciplines. Addressing missing information on ophthalmology FPWs may help optimize program-applicant fit.</p>","PeriodicalId":73579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of academic ophthalmology (2017)","volume":"14 1","pages":"e127-e132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0a/84/10-1055-s-0042-1747673.PMC9928003.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9741474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Trends of Research Productivity among Students Matching at Top Ophthalmology Programs.","authors":"Benjamin Zhou,&nbsp;Nivetha Srinivasan,&nbsp;Shree Nadkarni,&nbsp;Varun Taruvai,&nbsp;Amy Song,&nbsp;Albert S Khouri","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1746423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1746423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Importance</b>  San Francisco Match publishes no data on the research output of matched applicants to an ophthalmology residency. <b>Objective</b>  The aim of this study was to examine the temporal trends in publication volume by medical students who successfully matched into a top ophthalmology residency. <b>Methods</b>  This retrospective case series compared all residents in the top 30 ophthalmology residency programs from the class of 2022 and 2017. Publication volume from before September 15th of the residents' fourth year of medical school was recorded using PubMed and Google Scholar. We recorded total number of publications (any authorship), first/second author publications, and ophthalmology-specific publications. Using Welch's <i>t</i> -test, publication volumes were statistically compared against all others. <b>Results</b>  One-hundred sixty-one residents from the class of 2022 and 145 residents from the class of 2017 were included. Total publications per matched applicant (mean ± standard deviation) were 3.04 ± 0.35 for the class of 2022 and 1.67 ± 0.23 for the class of 2017. Mean publications in ophthalmology journals were 1.07 ± 0.20 (2022) and 0.58 ± 0.13 (2017); mean first author publications were 1.00 ± 0.13 (2022) and 0.64 ± 0.11 (2017) and mean second author publications were 0.70 ± 0.10 (2022) and 0.37 ± 0.06 (2017). Research productivity in all four metrics (total, ophthalmology journals, first author, and second author publications) was significantly higher for the class of 2022 than the class of 2017 ( <i>p</i>  = 0.001; <i>p</i>  = 0.03; <i>p</i>  = 0.03; <i>p</i>  = 0.02, respectively) supporting the trend of increasing research output among students. Applicants with PhD degrees had statistically more total and first author publications in 2017 ( <i>p</i>  = 0.01; <i>p</i>  = 0.045), but only more first author publications in 2022 ( <i>p</i>  = 0.01). International applicants produced significantly more total publications in 2022 ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001). <b>Conclusions</b>  Overall, after a 5-year period, the authors found matched applicants had significantly increased publications compared with those at the beginning of the period. We also identified several applicant factors that may have variable effects on research publication. This analysis emphasizes the growing importance of research in the match process and can help future applicants navigate the ophthalmology match.</p>","PeriodicalId":73579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of academic ophthalmology (2017)","volume":"14 1","pages":"e133-e140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/03/50/10-1055-s-0042-1746423.PMC9928000.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9729621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical Student Attitudes Toward the Use of Peer Physical Exam for Learning Fundoscopy.","authors":"Daniel Henick,&nbsp;Margarita Labkovich,&nbsp;Jake E Radell,&nbsp;Nitin Chopra,&nbsp;Nisha Chadha","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1743582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1743582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  Peer physical examination learning is commonly practiced in medical schools during preclinical curricula and has been shown to improve empathy for patients. While there is literature regarding medical student attitudes toward peer physical exam learning, no studies to date have specifically examined student attitudes toward fundoscopy and dilation of the eyes for the purposes of learning fundoscopy. This study evaluates medical student preferences with regards to learning fundoscopy on peers and explores attitudes toward alternate approaches. <b>Methods</b>  First year medical students at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai participated in a 2-hour fundoscopy skills workshop in March 2020. Following the session, the authors administered a voluntary survey querying students on attitudes toward peer physical exam learning and its use in learning peer fundoscopy. Primary study endpoints evaluated (1) student attitudes toward the use of peer physical exam learning, (2) learning benefit of the session, including student comfort with conducting the fundoscopy exam, and (3) empathy toward patients experiencing dilation. Secondary endpoints focused on alternative teaching methods and preferences for nonmydriatic fundoscopy. Analysis of survey data was performed using nonparametric Spearman's correlations, chi-square tests, <i>t</i> -tests, and Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> tests. <b>Results</b>  A total of 51/138 (37%) students completed the survey, with 78% indicating they felt peer physical exam learning was a helpful instructional method, including for the fundoscopic exam. The session led to improved self-rated fundoscopy skills and empathy for patients. However, when considering learning with dilation versus alternative nonmydriatic techniques, 96% of students indicated a preference for using alternative nonmydriatic techniques. <b>Conclusion</b>  This study found that students' attitudes toward fundoscopy generally aligned with their overall peer physical exam preferences. However, they preferred not using dilation and learning with nonmydriatic fundoscopic techniques. Assessing student learning preferences and incorporating novel instructional tools can help facilitate more successful fundoscopy skills acquisition. These considerations are particularly important in the context of COVID-19 and with advances in teleophthalmology.</p>","PeriodicalId":73579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of academic ophthalmology (2017)","volume":"14 1","pages":"e60-e69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1e/b2/10-1055-s-0042-1743582.PMC9928080.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9736050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Double-Flipped Virtual Classroom Format for Medical Students Learning Ophthalmology: An Approach to Clinical Rotations in the Context of COVID-19.","authors":"S Taylor Brady,&nbsp;Srav Vegunta,&nbsp;Lenora M Olson,&nbsp;Ben J Brintz,&nbsp;Jeff H Pettey,&nbsp;Griffin J Jardine","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1740327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1740327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose</b>  The aim of this study was to assess efficacy of a virtual, double-flipped clinical rotation in ophthalmology for medical students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. <b>Methods</b>  We instituted a virtual, reverse-classroom clinical elective for eight medical students interested in ophthalmology as a career. The course included required prework, interactive case-based discussions, and follow-up quizzes (first flip) entirely prepared and delivered by the students as teachers (second flip). After completion of the course, we surveyed students on five domains: (1) Autonomy and Leadership, (2) Self-Efficacy, (3) Impact on Career Selection, (4) Quality of Educational Experience, and (5) Clear Goals and Feedback using a Likert scale of 1-5 (5 being the most positive). We also asked open-ended questions regarding the overall experience, that is, strengths, weaknesses, and future recommendations for the course. Due to the small N and exploratory nature of the study, no formal statistical inference was performed. <b>Results</b>  Seven students responded to the survey. Aggregated mean survey scores for each domain are represented in parentheses. Responses were very positive in regard to \"Autonomy and Leadership\" (4.5), \"Impact on Career Selection\" (4.1), \"Quality of Educational Experience\" (5.0), and \"Clear Goals and Feedback\" (4.4). \"Self-Efficacy,\" which had an emphasis on ability to perform an eye exam and basic knowledge of ophthalmology, had a lower mean (3.4). The subjective responses were also very positive, but similarly alluded to the limitation of learning examination skills virtually. <b>Conclusions</b>  A medical school clinical elective can be successfully executed in a virtual format with an emphasis on student-directed learning. The novel \"double-flipped\" approach was highly rated by our small sample size. However, there remained a glaring limitation in the ability to transfer clinical skills in the virtual format. In the context of limited in-person contact due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we believe that the double-flipped, virtual format was a viable replacement for a traditional clinical rotation.</p>","PeriodicalId":73579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of academic ophthalmology (2017)","volume":"14 1","pages":"e18-e22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/34/2d/10-1055-s-0041-1740327.PMC9927982.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9738899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}