JMM case reports最新文献

{"title":"Meningitis due to <i>Moraxella nonliquefaciens</i> in a paediatric patient: a case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Carol Kao,&nbsp;Wendy Szymczak,&nbsp;Iona Munjal","doi":"10.1099/jmmcr.0.005086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction.</b><i>Moraxella nonliquefaciens</i> is an unusual organism to be isolated from cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and there exists only one case report of <i>M. nonliquefaciens</i> meningitis from a neonate. <i>Moraxella</i> species normally exist as part of the human upper respiratory tract flora and rarely cause invasive human disease. There are only a handful of case reports implicating the organism as a cause of endocarditis, bacteraemia, septic arthritis and endophthalmitis. Identification to the species level based on routine laboratory techniques has been challenging, with final identification often made through 16S rRNA sequencing. With the use of a newer diagnostic tool, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) MS, we were able to rapidly identify the organism and initiate appropriate treatment. <b>Case presentation.</b> We present a rare care of <i>M. nonliquefaciens</i> meningitis in a paediatric patient with an underlying cranial anatomical defect due to Crouzon syndrome. She had been admitted to hospital 3 months previously with <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> meningitis and mastoiditis, and returned to the emergency department with meningismus. CSF culture grew <i>M. nonliquefaciens</i>. She was treated with ceftriaxone with rapid improvement and eventually was taken for endoscopic surgical repair of a right encephalocele defect. <b>Conclusion.</b> The use of MALDI-TOF MS allowed for the rapid identification of the organism. The patient recovered with appropriate antimicrobial therapy and eventual surgical correction. An underlying anatomical defect should be considered in all patients who present with meningitis due to this unusual organism.</p>","PeriodicalId":73559,"journal":{"name":"JMM case reports","volume":"4 2","pages":"e005086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5361638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34860846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytolethal distending toxin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains causing severe diarrhoea in young Mexican children.","authors":"Mario Meza-Segura,&nbsp;Mussaret Bano Zaidi,&nbsp;Samantha Maldonado-Puga,&nbsp;Jazmin Huerta-Cantillo,&nbsp;Lucia Chavez-Dueñas,&nbsp;Fernando Navarro-Garcia,&nbsp;Teresa Estrada-Garcia","doi":"10.1099/jmmcr.0.005079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction.</b> Cytolethal distending toxins (CDTs), encoded by <i>cdt</i> genes, have DNase activity leading to cellular and nuclear distension, resulting in irreversible cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of target cells. <i>cdt</i>-positive <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains have been isolated from children with diarrhoea. There is, however, scant information on the prevalence and clinical presentation of diarrhoeal disease caused by these strains. Furthermore, toxin production of <i>cdt</i>-positive strains is rarely confirmed. We report five young children with diarrhoea caused by CDT-producing <i>E. coli</i> in whom stools were negative for other bacterial or enteric pathogens. <b>Case presentation.</b> On admission to hospital, all children presented watery diarrhoea with high stool output (range 7-20 stools/24 h); five had fever of 38 °C or more and four presented vomiting. Dehydration was present in four patients, one of whom had hypovolaemic shock; one child also presented hyponatraemia and hypokalaemia. In two children, <i>cdt</i>-positive strains were classified as typical and atypical enteropathogenic <i>E. coli</i>, and the remaining three harboured <i>cdt</i>-positive strains that did not belong to any diarrhoeagenic pathogroup. One <i>cdt</i>-positive strain from each case was characterized by a CDT cytotoxic assay and a <i>cdt</i> type-specific PCR. All strains produced the characteristic cellular intoxication due to CDT. Two strains carried the <i>cdt</i>-<i>I</i>, one <i>cdt</i>-<i>III</i>, one <i>cdt</i>-<i>IV</i>, and one concurrently had <i>cdt-I, cdt-II</i> and <i>cdt</i>-<i>III</i> genes. <b>Conclusion.</b> Our results suggest that CDT-producing <i>E. coli</i> strains are an infrequent, albeit significant, cause of severe diarrhoeal illness in children. Future research should measure the true burden of <i>cdt</i>-positive <i>E. coli</i> diarrhoea among children.</p>","PeriodicalId":73559,"journal":{"name":"JMM case reports","volume":"4 2","pages":"e005079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34860842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Aerococcus urinae</i>, a cause of cystitis with malodorous urine in a child: clinical and microbiological challenges.","authors":"Tilemachos Skalidis,&nbsp;Josef Papaparaskevas,&nbsp;Dimitrios Konstantinou,&nbsp;Eleni Kapolou,&nbsp;Mathhew E Falagas,&nbsp;Nicholas Legakis","doi":"10.1099/jmmcr.0.005083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction.</b> An infection of the lower urinary tract associated with an extremely unpleasant odour due to <i>Aerococcus urinae</i> in an otherwise healthy 5-year-old boy is described herein. <b>Case presentation.</b> Interestingly, imaging examination revealed the presence of a bladder diverticulum. Routine microbiological examination based on Gram staining, colony morphology and catalase reactivity suggested that the responsible pathogen could belong either to staphylococci, α-haemolytic streptococci or enterococci, which are more common urine isolates. Of note is that the VITEK 2 automated system could not identify the micro-organism. Susceptibility testing showed full sensitivity to β-lactam antibiotics and resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The isolate was subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis because of its unusual characteristics. It was identified as <i>A. urinae</i> and the sequence was deposited in GenBank under the accession number KU207150. <b>Conclusion.</b><i>A. urinae</i> should be considered as a causative agent of urinary-tract infection associated with malodorous urine.</p>","PeriodicalId":73559,"journal":{"name":"JMM case reports","volume":"4 2","pages":"e005083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5361636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34860844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cat-bite-induced <i>Francisella tularensis</i> infection with a false-positive serological reaction for <i>Bartonella quintana</i>.","authors":"Evelina Petersson,&nbsp;Simon Athlin","doi":"10.1099/jmmcr.0.005071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction.</b> Tularaemia is caused by infection with <i>Francisella tularensis</i>transmitted via direct contact with an infected hare carcass or indirectly through the bites of vectors, but may be cat-bite-associated as well. Medical history and reliable diagnostic analysis are important in order to differentiate it from other cat-associated infections, e.g. <i>Bartonella</i> spp. <b>Case</b><b>presentation.</b> A healthy 56-year-old man was examined because of a cat-bite-associated ulceroglandular wound on his right thumb. Nineteen days after the cat bite occurred, a serology test was positive for anti-<i>Bartonella quintana</i>, but negative for anti-<i>F. tularensis</i>. Since <i>Bartonella</i> infections are rare in Sweden, another serology test was analysed 2 weeks later with a positive result for anti-<i>F. tularensis</i>. The patient was treated with doxycycline for 14 days and recovered. The patient was re-sampled after 18 months to obtain a convalescent sample. The acute and the convalescent samples were both analysed at a reference centre, with negative results for anti-<i>Bartonella</i> spp. this time. <b>Conclusion.</b> This case is enlightening about the importance of extending the medical history and re-sampling the patient for antibody detection when the clinical suspicion of cat-bite-associated tularaemia is high. The false-positive result for anti-<i>B. quintana</i> antibodies may have been due to technical issues with the assay, cross-reactivity or both.</p>","PeriodicalId":73559,"journal":{"name":"JMM case reports","volume":"4 2","pages":"e005071"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5361632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34860925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-O1/non-O139 <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> septicaemia in a Saudi man: a case report.","authors":"Reham Kaki,&nbsp;Dalia El-Hossary,&nbsp;Asif Jiman-Fatani,&nbsp;Rahaf Al-Ghamdi","doi":"10.1099/jmmcr.0.005077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background.</b> The non-O1/non-O139 serogroups of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> occur in diverse natural niches, and usually cause mild and self-limiting gastrointestinal illness. However, they have well-documented potential to cause invasive and extra-intestinal infections among immunocompromised patients. Furthermore, their ability to grow in low-salinity surface water, and the existence of asymptomatic human carriers, suggest novel acquisition routes for this unusual infection, even in people without obvious risk factors. <b>Case presentation.</b> A 62-year-old man presented with epigastric pain, vomiting and fever. The patient had a history of diabetes and cholecystectomy, although our initial examination did not reveal any significant findings that might indicate <i>V. cholerae</i> infection. However, blood cultures subsequently revealed the presence of <i>V. cholerae</i>, which was positively identified using both conventional and modern non-conventional technologies. The identity of the <i>V. cholerae</i> isolate was confirmed using Vitek MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight MS) and the FilmArray system, in addition to its initial identification using the Vitek 2 system. The septicaemia was successfully treated using a 14 day course of ciprofloxacin. <b>Conclusion.</b> The present case highlights the need to remain highly suspicious of non-O1/non-O139 <i>V. cholerae</i> infections in patients with known risk factors, as well as in healthy individuals with epidemiological exposure and compatible clinical symptoms. Special care should be taken to avoid false-positive results from confirmatory laboratory tests, as the organism can grow in fresh water, and the results should be verified using multiple methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":73559,"journal":{"name":"JMM case reports","volume":"4 2","pages":"e005077"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5361633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34860926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary pyogenic ventriculitis caused by <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i>: case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Firza Gronthoud,&nbsp;Ibrahim Hassan,&nbsp;Pippa Newton","doi":"10.1099/jmmcr.0.005078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background.</b> Pyogenic ventriculitis is a well-known complication of meningitis, brain abscesses and intraventricular drains. Primary pyogenic ventriculitis is a rare entity and few cases have been described so far. We report the first case of primary pyogenic ventriculitis in an adult caused by <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> and present an overview of all reported adult primary pyogenic ventriculitis cases in the English literature. <b>Methods.</b> A PubMed search was performed using the terms ependymitis, ventricular empyema, pyocephalus and ventriculitis. Filter was set for adults and English. Articles in which pyogenic ventriculitis was a complication of well-known risk factors were excluded. A total of five cases of primary pyogenic ventriculitis were identified. <b>Results.</b> There were seven adult patients. Only one patient showed signs of meningeal irritation. Four patients had positive blood cultures with <i>Escherichia coli</i> (one patient), methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (one patient), one patient was bacteraemic with <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Peptostreptococcus</i> spp., and <i>N. meningitidis</i> (our patient). In four patients cerebrospinal fluid was sent for culture, which yielded methicillin-sensitive <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (one patient), <i>Peptostreptococcus</i> spp. (one patient), <i>Streptococcus intermedius</i> (one patient, identified via 16S PCR) and <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> (one patient). Cerebrospinal fluid cell count was determined in four patients and showed pleocytosis in all four cases. Ventricular drainage was performed in four patients. Five patients survived. <b>Discussion.</b> We report the first case of pyogenic ventriculitis caused by <i>N. meningitidis</i>. Primary pyogenic ventriculitis is a rare entity with various clinical presentations caused by various bacterial species. Treatment consists of adequate antimicrobial therapy, and ventricular drainage may be necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":73559,"journal":{"name":"JMM case reports","volume":"4 1","pages":"e005078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5361628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34860921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Pasteurella multocida</i> urinary tract infection in a patient with cervical cancer.","authors":"Manmeet B Singh,&nbsp;Amanda T Harrington","doi":"10.1099/jmmcr.0.005082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction.</b> Infections caused by <i>Pasteurella</i> species are commonly associated with contact with dogs and cats, typically involving bites and scratches, but casual contact with household pets can also be a risk factor. Urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by <i>Pasteurella</i> species is rare and a significant majority of cases have some known risk factor associated with an underlying chronic illness or structural and/or functional urological abnormality. <b>Case presentation.</b> Here, we present a case of a UTI due to <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> in a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix who also had a household cat. <b>Conclusion.</b> Providers and laboratorians should be aware of risk factors associated with UTIs caused by <i>Pasteurella</i> species.</p>","PeriodicalId":73559,"journal":{"name":"JMM case reports","volume":"4 1","pages":"e005082"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5361630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34860923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-acquired urinary tract infections caused by <i>Burkholderia</i><i>cepacia</i> complex in patients with no underlying risk factor.","authors":"Laila Nimri,&nbsp;Mamuno Sulaiman,&nbsp;Osama Bani Hani","doi":"10.1099/jmmcr.0.005081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction.</b> Urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain common infections diagnosed in outpatients as well as hospitalized patients. Community-acquired UTIs are generally caused by <i>Escherichia coli</i> and other members of the family <i>Enterobacteriaceae.</i><i>Burkholderia</i><i>cepacia</i> is an opportunistic pathogen mainly affecting immunocompromised and hospitalized patients, particularly those who have received prior broad-spectrum antibacterial therapy. <b>Case presentation.</b> Urine samples were collected from 157 outpatients clinically diagnosed with UTI and from 100 healthy control subjects. Samples were cultured on differential media and non-motile lactose-non-fermentors were identified via the Remel RapID ONE system. The isolates were tested by the disc diffusion method against 17 antimicrobial agents. <i>Burkholderia</i> was isolated as a single organism from four patients having uncomplicated infections, and one from recurrent infection. None of these patients had an underlying risk factor for this pathogen. Identification of these isolates by the Remel-RapID ONE system was confirmed by <i>recA</i> gene amplification. The four isolates were resistant to lincomycin, nalidixic acid, oxacillin and penicillin G. These cases received monotherapy of oral co-trimoxazole. <b>Conclusions</b>. Our findings alert urologists and diagnostic laboratories to the potential of <i>B.</i><i>cepacia</i> complex infections in similar cases, and that this bacterium should not be ruled out.</p>","PeriodicalId":73559,"journal":{"name":"JMM case reports","volume":"4 1","pages":"e005081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5361629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34860922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Chromobacterium violaceum</i> infection in chronic granulomatous disease: a case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Zaal Meher-Homji,&nbsp;Rekha Pai Mangalore,&nbsp;Paul D R Johnson,&nbsp;Kyra Y L Chua","doi":"10.1099/jmmcr.0.005084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction.</b><i>Chromobacterium violaceum</i> is an opportunistic human pathogen, associated with significant mortality, and has been reported in patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), a genetic condition causing impaired phagocytosis. <b>Case presentation.</b> A 28-year-old man with a history of CGD presented with fever, pharyngitis, cervical lymphadenopathy and internal jugular vein thrombosis, following travel to the rural Solomon Islands. <i>C. violaceum</i> was recovered from his blood. The patient recovered after treatment with meropenem and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. <b>Conclusion.</b> To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of internal jugular vein thrombophlebitis (Lemierre's syndrome) caused by <i>C. violaceum</i> in a patient with CGD. A review of the literature demonstrated that the diagnosis of <i>C. violaceum</i> preceded the diagnosis of CGD in the majority of cases. This case emphasizes the importance of this organism in patients with CGD who live in or visit tropical areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":73559,"journal":{"name":"JMM case reports","volume":"4 1","pages":"e005084"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34860924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zika and Chikungunya virus co-infection in a traveller returning from Colombia, 2016: virus isolation and genetic analysis.","authors":"Kartikeya Cherabuddi,&nbsp;Nicole M Iovine,&nbsp;Kairav Shah,&nbsp;Sarah K White,&nbsp;Taylor Paisie,&nbsp;Marco Salemi,&nbsp;J Glenn Morris,&nbsp;John A Lednicky","doi":"10.1099/jmmcr.0.005072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Zika</i><i>virus</i> (ZIKV) and <i>Chikungunya</i><i>virus</i> (CHIKV) can share the same mosquito vector, and co-infections by these viruses can occur in humans. While infections with these viruses share commonalities, CHIKV is unique in causing arthritis and arthralgias that may persist for a year or more. These infections are commonly diagnosed by RT-PCR-based methods during the acute phase of infection. Even with the high specificity and sensitivity characteristic of PCR, false negatives can occur, highlighting the need for additional diagnostic methods for confirmation.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>On her return to the USA, a traveller to Colombia, South America developed an illness consistent with Zika, Chikungunya and/or Dengue. RT-PCR of her samples was positive only for ZIKV. However, arthralgias persisted for months, raising concerns about co-infection with CHIKV or <i>Mayaro</i> viruses. Cell cultures inoculated with her original clinical samples demonstrated two types of cytopathic effects, and both ZIKV and CHIKV were identified in the supernatants. On phylogenetic analyses, both viruses were found to be related to strains found in Colombia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the need to consider CHIKV co-infection in patients with prolonged rheumatological symptoms after diagnosis with ZIKV, and the usefulness of cell culture as an amplification step for low-viremia blood and other samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":73559,"journal":{"name":"JMM case reports","volume":"3 6","pages":"e005072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5343122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34860840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}