ISME communications最新文献

{"title":"Aggregation and remineralization of <i>Trichodesmium</i> unveil potential for ocean carbon sequestration.","authors":"Marion Fourquez, Fatima-Ezzahra Ababou, Mercedes Camps, France Van Wembeke, Olivier Grosso, Aude Barani, Sandra Nunige, Léa Guyomarch, Frédéric A C Le Moigne, Sophie Bonnet","doi":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf128","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent studies have shown that diazotrophs can form aggregates sinking at velocities up to 400 m d^-1, challenging the long-standing assumption that these organisms are confined to the surface ocean, and suggesting an understimated role in carbon (C) sequestration in warm oligotrophic waters. Yet, the extent to which their biomass escapes remineralization in the mesopelagic zone remains poorly constrained. Here, we experimentally simulated the aggregation and sinking of the filamentous diazotroph <i>Trichodesmium erythraeum</i> using roller tanks, following organic matter distribution over a 10-day period-equivalent to a 1000 m descent at a sinking velocity of ~100 m d^-1. Our results show that 33% of organic C and 36% of N remained in the particulate fraction at the end of the experiment, indicating that microbial remineralization was incomplete and relatively proportional. Remineralization was most intense during the first 3 to 5 days of descent (0-500 m), after which potential C flux declined. We also estimated that a substantial portion of bacterial biomass was incorporated into the aggregates and may contribute to the C export, revealing a dual role for bacteria as both recyclers and exporters of organic matter. Given the widespread distribution and high productivity of <i>Trichodesmium erythraeum</i> in the expanding (sub)tropical ocean, our results highlight the need to include its fate in global biogeochemical models.</p>","PeriodicalId":73516,"journal":{"name":"ISME communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"ycaf128"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12448404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145115150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host niche partitioning and coexistence in <i>Amoebophrya</i> and <i>Parvilucifera</i> parasitoids infecting dinoflagellates.","authors":"Bora Lee, Boo Seong Jeon, Myung Gil Park","doi":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf126","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although much attention has been paid to defining the ecological niches of phytoplankton, those of marine parasites and/or parasitoids remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to define the ecological niches of <i>Amoebophrya</i> and <i>Parvilucifera</i> parasitoids infecting dinoflagellates. By performing high-frequency (i.e. daily) time series monitoring over 411 days at a temperate coastal site in Jinhae Bay located on the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula, we isolated infected dinoflagellates and performed the outlying mean index analysis, a multivariate technique that identifies realized niches in field data. Our findings revealed distinct niche properties: <i>Amoebophrya</i> spp. (i.e. Syndiniales clades II-C2, -C3, and -C4) exhibited high marginality, while <i>Parvilucifera</i> spp. exhibited moderate marginality. These findings suggest that the latter species occupy more typical environmental conditions. Despite their shared realized niches, the parasitoids exhibited varying levels of niche overlap and used host niche partitioning to reduce competition and coexist. These findings enhance our understanding of the distribution and dynamics of marine parasitoids in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":73516,"journal":{"name":"ISME communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"ycaf126"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12343117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144839214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiome data: tell me which metrics and I will tell you which communities.","authors":"Alessandro Fuschi, Alessandra Merlotti, Daniel Remondini","doi":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf125","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In microbial community studies, analyzing diversity is crucial for uncovering ecological complexity. However, the intrinsic characteristics of Next-gen sequencing data challenge the use of Euclidean metrics for estimating proximity and correlation. Consequently, a variety of distance measures have been developed within ecological frameworks. In this study, we compare several of these metrics-including Bray-Curtis, Canberra, Jensen-Shannon, Hellinger, Euclidean, and Aitchison distances-demonstrating how the choice of metric can significantly influence the interpretation of microbial community structures. Among these, Aitchison distance specifically defined for compositional data shows markedly different behavior from the others, highlighting different features related to the data. We consider two real-world examples: the human gut microbiome sampled using 16S rRNA sequencing with multiple measurements for different patients (G-HMP2) and urban sewage environmental metagenomes collected over time at different sites through shotgun sequencing (E-WADES). We show that, for the same dataset-independently on the sequencing technique or on the sampling context-the community structure depends strongly on the choice of specific metrics. This can be explained by the mathematical properties of the chosen metrics and the specific characteristics of microbiome data, namely their high heterogeneity in species abundance. This provides clear insights into how distance metrics influence interpretation and assists in choosing the most appropriate one for the study objectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":73516,"journal":{"name":"ISME communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"ycaf125"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144839215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rationally designed microbial communities in agri-food production systems: from research to market.","authors":"Dirkjan Schokker, Paul B Stege, Marie Duhamel, Martijn Bekker, Harro M Timmerman, Soumya K Kar, Hauke Smidt, Erwin G Zoetendal, Leo van Overbeek, Annelein Meisner","doi":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf121","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary production needs to transition towards more sustainable systems that reduce environmental impact, mitigate climate change, and ensure healthy food production with limited use of chemical plant protection products, fertilizers, or antibiotics. Rationally designed microbial communities, or engineered microbial consortia, involve the intentional assembly of microorganisms that can underpin more sustainable primary production systems. Rationally designed microbial communities can for example, (i) enhance ecosystem resilience, (ii) improve bioremediation, (iii) enhance industrial processes, or (iv) prevent diseases. In the perspective, we discuss the route towards market applications with a focus on the methodology needed to rationally design microbial communities for applications in the agri-food production systems. Often <i>in silico</i> and <i>in vitro</i> approaches are considered as a continuous process that first consider the <i>in silico</i> genomic and then <i>in vitro</i> condition to develop microbial consortia. However, host-microbe interactions influence both the microbial community assembly and host phenotypes and need to be considered from an early stage when developing microbial communities. As such, we propose that the route towards market application(s) should, from a technical perspective include (i) the host of interest, (ii) a library of both slow and fast-growing species, and (iii) genomic information about functions present in the selected microbial consortia.</p>","PeriodicalId":73516,"journal":{"name":"ISME communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"ycaf121"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12376040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic spike-in metabarcoding for plant pathogen diagnostics results in precise quantification of copy number within the genus <i>Fusarium</i>.","authors":"Peter Oppenheimer, Francesco Tini, Rebecca Whetten, Imane Laraba, Quentin Read, Briana Whitaker, Martha Vaughan, Giovanni Beccari, Lorenzo Covarelli, Christina Cowger","doi":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf124","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synthetic spike-in metabarcoding (SSIM) assays generate quantitative next-generation sequencing (NGS) data, but are marred by inconsistency and have seen limited adoption. Previous efforts to develop SSIM assays have focused on the ITS and 16S rRNA genes. This study marks the first use of SSIM as a diagnostic assay to identify and quantify plant-pathogenic species within the genus <i>Fusarium</i> and implements it using the single-copy <i>TEF1</i> gene, which has relatively uniform G + C content and length. We identified variability between species in read quality score as a key source of bias that impacts SSIM to a lesser extent than other quantitative NGS approaches. SSIM was validated against another quantitative NGS assay that utilized qPCR (qMET) to calculate the total gene copy number. The comparison showed that SSIM was both precise (R² > 0.93 for three <i>Fusarium</i> species) and proportional (slope ~1) in relation to qMET. Further, we applied SSIM to 24 wheat grain samples from Italy, revealing a diverse array of <i>Fusarium</i> species and associated mycotoxins, with SSIM demonstrating superior predictive accuracy for most toxin concentrations compared to qPCR. Our results underscore the utility of SSIM for pathogen-agnostic diagnostics, with important implications for food safety and management of mycotoxin contamination.</p>","PeriodicalId":73516,"journal":{"name":"ISME communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"ycaf124"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12342935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144839217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted genomic analysis of a predominant uncultured marine pelagiphage-host model via microfluidics and semipermeable capsule technology.","authors":"Manuel Martinez-Garcia, Monica Lluesma-Gomez, Laura Perez-Martin, Esther Rubio-Portillo, Ana Belen Martin-Cuadrado, Francisco Nadal-Molero, Aitana Escolano-Vico, Fernando Santos Sanchez, Victoria Orphan, Josefa Antón","doi":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf123","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbes and their viruses drive central biogeochemical cycles on a global scale. Understanding the biology and ecology of virus-host interactions and their impact on ecosystems depends on our ability to develop tools that enable high-throughput screening of ecologically relevant, uncultured virus-host pairs. Viruses infecting Pelagibacterales, the predominant bacteria in surface oceans, have been studied through computational analyses and cultivation efforts. Here, we employ an accessible microfluidics and semi-permeable capsule (SPC) technology to investigate the uncultured pelagiphage vSAG 37-F6-host interactions since it is one of the most abundant and ubiquitous viruses in the marine virosphere. First, we validated this technology using cultured virus-host pairs. Then, marine single cells were microfluidically encapsulated in SPCs, lysed, whole-genome amplified, and screened using fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of a hallmark gene of vSAG 37-F6. Data indicate that ~30% of the targeted cell population (cell fraction ≤0.45 μm) contained the virus vSAG 37-F6-like. A total of ~500 putatively infected cells were sorted, combined, and sequenced. Data showed that most reads (~60%) and assembled genome fragments (~85%) were identified as viral, indicating that the sorted host cells were likely in the final stages of infection. Two major viral clusters were detected: one corresponding to vSAG 37-F6 and another mixed viral cluster consisting of cyanophages, pelagiphages, and vibriophages. A significant proportion of total reads (~20%) were assigned to <i>Pelagibacter</i> spp. TMED287, a bacterium reported to be abundant in the Mediterranean Sea. This flexible microfluidic-SPC technology holds enormous potential for exploring uncultured microbial and viral communities across various perspectives and microbiology fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":73516,"journal":{"name":"ISME communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"ycaf123"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12404659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological resilience in ulcerative colitis: microbial dynamics of donor and resident species in a longitudinal fecal microbiota transplantation study.","authors":"Susanne Pinto, Elisa Benincà, Sam Nooij, Elisabeth M Terveer, Josbert J Keller, Andrea E van der Meulen-de Jong, Ewout W Steyerberg, Johannes A Bogaards","doi":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf119","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a promising treatment for the chronic immune-mediated disease ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the microbial dynamics underlying clinical remission remain poorly understood. To investigate these dynamics, we analysed data from 22 UC patients treated with four rounds of FMT donated by two healthy donors. Microbiota samples from patients were collected at nine timepoints before, during, and after treatment, covering a period of 14 weeks. Additionally, 27 donor samples were analysed. Species in the recipients' gut microbiota were categorised into ecological categories based on their origin and temporal dynamics: species already present in the recipient pre-FMT, species derived from the donor, or novel species, i.e. absent before FMT in both recipient and donor but detected during or after treatment. Overdispersed Poisson regression models were employed to model the number of species within each category over time. Furthermore, we investigated the change in relative abundance for recipient, colonising, and novel species. The results revealed that recipient species with higher relative abundances prior to FMT were more likely to persist following FMT. Notably, patients who achieved combined clinical and endoscopic remission at week 14 retained a higher number of recipient species compared to non-responders. In contrast, non-responders initially exhibited colonisation of more donor species than responders, but colonisation rate decreased over time in non-responders whereas colonisation rate remained stable in responders. These findings suggest that clinical remission following FMT is associated with controlled incorporation of donor species without replacement of resident species, which may reflect a resilient recipient gut community.</p>","PeriodicalId":73516,"journal":{"name":"ISME communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"ycaf119"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salinity-driven niche differentiation within the aquatic Luna-1 subcluster.","authors":"Annie G West, Jian Sheng Boey, Hwee Sze Tee, Kim M Handley","doi":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf122","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salinity imposes a major barrier to microbial dispersal and colonization due to the requirement for osmoadaptations to maintain cell turgor and protein stability. Estuaries may facilitate infrequent evolutionary transitions between freshwater and marine habitats, which are characterized by differences in both salinity and resource availability. Here we illustrate niche differentiation of the <i>Actinomycetota</i> Luna-1 subcluster sister lineages within an estuarine system: freshwater-adapted <i>Rhodoluna</i> and saltwater-adapted <i>Aquiluna</i>. Comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses highlighted key differences in osmoregulation, photoheterotrophy, and nutrient acquisition. Both genera are differentiated by mechanisms for osmoregulation, phosphate and iron uptake, and carbohydrate utilization, and by their rhodopsin preference (actinorhodopsin or heliorhodopsin). To clarify which traits are habitat versus lineage specific, we investigated the global distribution of Luna-1 subcluster taxa. The two constituent genera are both more commonly known from freshwater sources, although there are reports of <i>Aquiluna</i> isolated from saltwater. Results here confirm that <i>Rhodoluna</i> is almost exclusively freshwater-derived. <i>Aquiluna</i> instead comprises distinct clades of predominantly freshwater- or saltwater-derived taxa, with approximately half of <i>Aquiluna</i> representing slight halophiles from brackish and marine waters. Consistent with observations from the estuary, traits associated with osmoregulation and photoheterotrophy (rhodopsin preference and carbohydrate utilization) differentiated saltwater <i>Aquiluna</i> and freshwater members of the global dataset (both <i>Aquiluna</i> and <i>Rhodoluna</i>), and are therefore likely to be habitat rather than lineage-specific traits. Together, findings demonstrate various genomic characteristics enabling habitat-based niche differentiation between and within lineages of the Luna-1 subcluster, providing insights into microbial adaptation across salinity gradients.</p>","PeriodicalId":73516,"journal":{"name":"ISME communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"ycaf122"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Pseudosulfitobacter pseudonitzschiae</i> hitchhikes on gliding colonies of <i>Cellulophaga lytica</i>.","authors":"Asimenia Gavriilidou, Maria Murace, Marina Portoghese, Sanne Schouten, Raditijo Hamidjaja, Álvaro Escobar Doncel, Sjef Boeren, Marcel Giesbers, Jérémie Capoulade, Silvia Vignolini, Hauke Smidt, Colin J Ingham","doi":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf118","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interspecies interactions shape microbial communities; this is central for microbial ecology. <i>Cellulophaga lytica</i> PlyA2 is a marine flavobacterium, which glides over surfaces and forms ordered, structurally coloured colonies, which display angle-dependent reflection of light. <i>Pseudosulfitobacter pseudonitzschiae</i> SW is an apparently nonmotile, nonstructurally coloured marine bacterium. Here, we aim to understand the interaction of both strains at cellular, genomic, optical, and proteomic levels. Cocultivation on agar showed that <i>P. pseudonitzschiae</i> uses gliding <i>C. lytica</i> to spread by microbial hitchhiking in which <i>Pseudosulfitobacter</i> appears to \"surf\" on basal layers of motile <i>Cellulophaga</i>. This dispersal mechanism was found to be often beneficial for <i>P. pseudonitzschiae,</i> which could maximally expand its population up to 350-fold relative to monoculture. Coculture was often of limited benefit for <i>C. lytica</i>, only in extended cultivation on rich medium was the presence of <i>P. pseudonitzschiae</i> detrimental to its viability. The proteome of <i>P. pseudonitzschiae</i> was strongly impacted by the association with <i>C. lytica</i>. Quorum-sensing signalling, potential exchange of amino acids, vitamins, and other metabolites are likely mediating this hitchhiking interaction. In contrast, <i>C. lytica</i> made minimal adjustments to its proteome composition in coculture. Supported by optical analysis, <i>P. pseudonitzschiae</i> patterned <i>C. lytica</i> by changing how groups of the latter organised to reflect light. Our results underscore the unusual, dynamic interplay between two bacterial species and provide insights on the mechanisms underlying this relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":73516,"journal":{"name":"ISME communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"ycaf118"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12376047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greater host influence and promiscuity: how an invasive seaweed host has advantages over co-occurring natives.","authors":"Marjan Ghotbi, Guido Bonthond, Mitra Ghotbi, Sven Künzel, David M Needham, Florian Weinberger","doi":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf120","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ismeco/ycaf120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The surface microbiome of seaweed hosts is a multi-domain biofilm regulated by host-microbe and microbe-microbe interactions. The extent to which hosts influence these interactions, and potentially affect their resilience and invasion success, remains unclear. We experimentally tested whether hosts with invasion history exert greater influence over their biofilms than native hosts. Biofilm formation on proxy surfaces adjacent to one invasive (<i>Gracilaria vermiculophylla</i>) and two native (<i>Fucus serratus, Fucus vesiculosus</i>) co-occurring hosts was monitored and compared to mature epiphytic biofilms of the same hosts. Only <i>Gracilaria's</i> Proxy Biofilms (PBs) were significantly different in community composition compared to control surfaces. <i>Gracilaria</i>'s PBs also showed the highest similarity to their adjacent algae sharing certain bacterial taxa that were absent in control treatments, indicating that colonization of the proxy surface was influenced by the host. <i>Gracilaria</i> and its proxy biofilms showed highest similarity in microbial network variables, suggesting a higher ability of the invader to influence connectivity and microbial associations within its biofilm. Meanwhile <i>Gracilaria</i>'s mature biofilm also showed higher variability in its prokaryotic composition over experiments, which was also reflected in a less robust microbial network in both <i>Gracilaria</i> and its proxy biofilms. This suggests that in addition to stronger influence in the invasive host, it was also more promiscuous towards potential symbionts from the environment. Ultimately, through examining microbial interactions, in line with previous research we found that host influence and promiscuity may play an important role in seaweed hosts to acclimate to different environmental condition and successfully thrive in new ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":73516,"journal":{"name":"ISME communications","volume":"5 1","pages":"ycaf120"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12449580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145115145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}