Implementation science communications最新文献

{"title":"Community-engaged research in HIV implementation science: a cross-sectional assessment of meaningful engagement among community and academic recipients of 2021 and 2022 'ending the HIV epidemic' supplement awards.","authors":"Reva Datar, Wilson Gomez, Sheree Schwartz, David A Katz, April Pettit, Audrey Harkness, Jonathan Ross, Pedro Alonso Serrano, Christopher Archiopoli, Jessica M Sales, Stefan Baral, Carolyn M Audet, Krystle Culbertson, Lissette Marrero, Gustavo Morales, Danielle Estes, Debbie Humphries, Laura K Beres","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01036-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43058-026-01036-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Meaningful community engagement is fundamental to sustained and effective implementation of HIV interventions, yet partnership engagement quality is rarely measured. We assessed meaningful engagement among community and academic partnerships from 2021-2022 United States Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) Implementation Science (IS) Awards.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Awardees were invited to complete a cross-sectional, online survey. We applied adapted, validated community engagement importance and quality measures across six 'engagement principles' (EPs) and 12 attributes of 'trust' using 5-point Likert scales (1='poor' to 5='excellent'). Level of community partner engagement was assessed along a continuum. Differences in EP scores between academic partners and community partners were assessed using Mann-Whitney U Test. Bivariate associations between engagement level, EPs, and trust used Spearman's rank correlations. Open-ended responses were thematically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From July-December 2023, we received 53 (65%) surveys from academic partners and 29 (35%) from community partners, including 1:1 paired responses for 18/57 (32%) projects. Community partners and academic partners reported high median quality engagement summary scores (3.6 vs 4.1, p = 0.04) and trust scores (>67% and >69% reporting \"very good\" or \"excellent\"). All trust attributes were highly valued, with >85% of participants rating each \"important\" or \"very important.\" Academic partners reported lower median summary scores than community partners for quality and frequency of EPs [3.6 vs 4.1, p = 0.04; 3.8 vs 4.3, p = 0.02]. 'Fostering co-learning' was the only individual EP scored significantly lower by academic than community partners (quality [-2.6, p = 0.01], frequency [-2.6, p = 0.01]). For trust, academic partners reported the lowest quality scores for dependability, while community partners reported the lowest for mutual benefit. Among academic partners, level of community engagement was positively correlated with quality across all six EPs (p < 0.05). While among community partners, quality of all trust attributes were positively correlated with EP quality (p < 0.5). In open-ended responses, structural barriers to engagement and concern about community partner burden were prominent themes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EHE awards largely supported trusting and meaningful partnerships. Differences between academic and community responses indicate a need to develop shared understanding of engagement quality. Strategies to strengthen trust, support greater engagement, and enhance the engagement quality will optimize partnerships and their potential positive impact on implementation and effectiveness outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring multi-level determinants of implementation of nicotine replacement therapy guidelines for youth vaping: a mixed-methods case study.","authors":"Joshua D Cockroft, Carly Ritger, Becky Bloedow, Brooke Dorsey, Russell E Glasgow","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01037-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-026-01037-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rates of youth vaping have become a major concern over the past decade with worries about impacts of vaping on neurodevelopment, mental health, transition to cigarettes, and unknown long-term physical sequelae. In 2023, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)'s updated tobacco care guidelines encouraged primary care providers to consider using nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products to help support youth vaping and tobacco cessation. This study sought to explore the determinants to using NRT products for youth vaping cessation per AAP recommendations amongst primary care providers in an urban, safety-net health system where use of NRT for youth was limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used a mixed-methods case study design guided by the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM). Nine primary care providers caring for patients aged 12-17 completed key informant interviews and a modified version of the PRISM Contextual Survey Instrument (PRISM-CSI) between May and July 2025. Qualitative analysis was done using a rapid matrix approach and quantitative analysis was descriptive in nature. Themes/subthemes and mean PRISM-CSI item scores were integrated to generate final mixed meta-inferences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>5 themes with 13 subthemes emerged from qualitative analysis. In quantitative analysis, all PRISM-CSI item mean scores were rated as either neutral (2.50-3.49 on 1-5 rated ordinal scale) or positive (≥3.50). A total of 14 meta-inferences were generated from integration of qualitative and quantitative results, showing that AAP guidelines on NRT were considered acceptable and met an important need, but contextual determinants important to implementation included addressing time/work demands, provider training, confidentiality, insurance coverage/affordability, managing follow up, youth perceptions of harms and treatment preferences, perceived limited concurrent public health/policy intervention, and bolstering existing practice change infrastructure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AAP guidelines on NRT were considered reasonable by providers interviewed and surveyed in this study while acknowledging specific contextual determinants for successful implementation. Providers also felt it was important to strengthen ongoing public health and policy efforts to address youth vaping in addition to clinical intervention. This study provides insight into the translation of efforts such as the AAP guidelines in a specific healthcare system to address a pressing health issue for youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theorising pathways of multi-dimensional scaling for population health using implementation and complexity science perspectives.","authors":"Monika Martens, Edwin Wouters, Josefien van Olmen","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01021-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43058-026-01021-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scaling up is a complex process. As a multi-dimensional concept, it requires efforts to (1) increase population coverage (coverage), (2) expand or diversify what is included in the health service package (expansion), and/or (3) institutionalise a health innovation or new practice into health system services (institutionalisation). In this paper, we provide the theoretical basis for the model joining linear as well as complex pathways - stemming from implementation and complexity science - towards three-dimensional scaling. Our scale-up model positions expansion as the backbone for scale-up, and proposes multiple back-and-forth waves between institutionalisation and coverage. This allows an incrementalist approach, going step-by-step from one to the other scale-up dimension, as well as a multi-player complexity approach, emphasising the interactions between scale-up dimensions and actors involved, to achieving population health. By offering a dual incrementalist-complexity focus, we acknowledge that there is a starting point to scale-up, and thus path dependency, in addition to highly contextual cultural, historical, socio-political, and economic forces that underpin population health and any attempt at scaling up access and integration of health services, thereby pointing at their fragmented and incomplete nature. The visualisation and underlying hypotheses offer speculation on potential pathways for scale-up, which are key processes to understand and untangle in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13343904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-method approaches to develop and refine a tobacco cessation workflow within a federally qualified health center.","authors":"Linda Salgin, Jerel P Calzo, Jennifer K Felner, David Strong, Marva Seifert, Borsika A Rabin","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01038-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-026-01038-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The incorporation of implementation science approaches into tobacco control program delivery remains limited. Programs developed using these approaches, including co-creation, are often more feasible and sustainable, as they are designed to consider the operational and cultural context of an organization. This study utilized multiple implementation science approaches to co-create a tobacco cessation workflow within a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC), where tobacco use is disproportionately higher than the national average.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study we conducted six structured meetings across two advisory groups between July-September 2025. Multiple implementation science methods (i.e., functions and forms , brainwriting premortem, and Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM) assessments) were integrated to optimize the tobacco cessation workflow for future piloting, along with co-creation and evaluation methods (i.e., ethnographic observations, engagement survey) to evaluate advisory board engagement. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed simultaneously using rapid qualitative analysis and descriptive statistics allowing for a comprehensive understanding and iterative incorporation of the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen individuals participated in this study as co-creation partners who were between the ages 27 to 69 years (M = 38.6). Participants represent various roles within the FQHC including front-line staff, administrators, providers, and patients. Workflow Optimization: Participants identified 5 core functions and 16 forms in the refinement of the tobacco cessation workflow. Brainwriting Premortem resulted in 28 unique failures and 19 solutions within the workflow across PRISM contextual domains, of which 16 were integrated. The final version of the co-created workflow had high acceptability (M = 4.8), appropriateness (M = 4.6), and feasibility (M = 4.5). Participant Engagement: A total of 394 interactions were identified across meetings. The most frequent interaction was giving information (53%), followed by seeking information (18%). The quality and frequency of advisory board engagement was rated favorably (average 4.7 of 5). Rapid qualitative analysis of open-ended responses highlighted the value of co-creation with participants stating: \"I am glad I participated in this advisory panel… and I am able to bring [this information] back to my team to help our patients.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights how co-creation through multiple implementation science methods can be used to conceptualize, adapt, and refine programs responsive to FQHC needs. As formative, pre-implementation work, these findings reflect acceptability, feasibility and appropriateness of co-creation processes; real-world adoption and effectiveness remain untested and represent important next steps for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148400260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring working mechanism of an implementation strategy bundle on the implementation of a lifestyle intervention for community-dwelling older adults: process evaluation of a stepped wedge trial.","authors":"Patricia J van der Laag, Berber G Dorhout, Lara R Bos, Cindy Veenhof, Di-Janne Ja Barten, Lisette Schoonhoven","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01034-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-026-01034-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A theory- and practice-based implementation strategy bundle (ISB) was developed to support physical therapists and dieticians during implementation of the combined lifestyle intervention ProMuscle for community-dwelling older adults in multiple community-care settings. Alongside a 42-week hybrid type III stepped-wedge randomized cluster implementation effectiveness trial, a process evaluation was conducted to explore possible working mechanisms of the ISB on the adoption, reach, and fidelity of ProMuscle by describing a causal pathway. Additionally, barriers and facilitators for the use of the ISB were identified.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During the 6-week transitional period in which clusters transitioned from the control to the intervention group and at the end of the 42-week trial, (group)interviews were held with physical therapists and dieticians. Interview guides were informed by the RE-AIM framework and supplemented with quantitative data from surveys and ISB tracking activity. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analyzed. Insights from the process evaluation informed a causal pathway diagram and the identification of barriers and facilitators for the use of the ISB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five physical therapists and dieticians were interviewed during the transitional period, and fifteen participated in the group interviews at the end of the trial. The causal pathway diagram revealed that individual factors (knowledge and beliefs about the intervention, convincing others, and networking), and organizational- and system-level factors (facilitation, collaboration, and support) moderated the influence of the ISB on the implementation outcomes. Particularly organizational and system-level factors could not always be addressed by individual professionals. The fidelity of the ISB was low, according to the healthcare professionals, due to timing of receiving the ISB and lack of education on its use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results highlight the complexity of real-world implementation in multiple community-care settings and address the need for organizational and policy-level facilitation to enhance the implementation, sustainment, and scale-up of lifestyle interventions for community-dwelling older adults. Additionally, low fidelity of the ISB probably contributed to the non-significant effect of the ISB on the adoption of ProMuscle. Future implementation studies should take the timely delivery of an ISB into account and provide adequate education to healthcare professionals about the use of implementation strategies.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05672004) registered at 12/07/2022 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05672004.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148388484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation determinants, strategies and outcomes for scale-up of hospital-at-home: a systematic review.","authors":"Stephanie Q Ko, Rachel H Choe, Yan Ling Lai, Nick Sevdalis","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01033-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-026-01033-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hospital-at-Home (HaH) has been shown to be clinically and cost effective, but many programs struggle to scale. We conducted a systematic review of HaH studies reporting implementation contexts, strategies and outcomes with the primary aim to synthesise the implementation evidence on HaH. Our secondary aim was to develop a framework of HaH implementation outcome indicators for future studies to apply.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched the literature PubMed, Embase and Scopus, for publications from 2012 to 2022. We included studies related to HaH that included at least one implementation context and at least one implementation outcome variable, excluding clinical outcomes measures. At least two reviewers independently selected studies, abstracted data and assessed quality. We coded the implementation determinants to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR); implementation strategies to the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC); and implementation outcomes to the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) frameworks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 27 studies in the final review, which reported 24 CFIR contextual factors, 25 ERIC strategies, and all domains of the RE-AIM evaluation framework. The most commonly reported implementation determinant, identified in six studies, was information technology infrastructure, which included streamlining documentation processes and improving access to patient records. Five studies described the following implementation factors: (i) work infrastructure, focusing on organising manpower effectively; (ii) capability of innovation deliverers, referring to staff posessing the necessary skills to perform their roles; and (iii) local conditions, such as the geographical challenges associated with HaH. The most frequently referenced implementation strategies were conducting ongoing training (nine studies), creating new clinical teams (eight studies), and promoting adaptability (seven studies). All assessed implementation outcomes were aligned to the RE-AIM framework, with volume of admissions, patient-reported experiences or outcome measures, and home visit frequency being most commonly reported (four studies each). The majority of implementation measures lacked a common denominator, and use of validated tools across studies was lacking.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We identified a list of implementation determinants, strategies and outcomes that can be used to inform scale-up of HaH, and have developed a framework for consistent reporting of HaH implementation studies grounded onto RE-AIM.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148387915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A call for supplemental implementation strategy reporting guidelines to advance minority health: applying expanded specification and reporting recommendations to the Literacy Promotion for Latinos study.","authors":"Jennifer R Hemler, Manuel E Jimenez, Benjamin F Crabtree, Alan L Mendelsohn, Katie A Devine, Shilpa Pai, Usha Ramachandran, Shawna V Hudson, Thomas I Mackie","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-00966-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43058-026-00966-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reporting guidelines for implementation strategies are important for transparency, measurement, and replicability. Yet, recent calls within implementation science highlight that foundational research commitments to advance minority health remain underspecified in current implementation strategy reporting guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In response, our research team sought to expand Proctor and colleagues' guidelines for reporting and specifying implementation strategies to advance minority health. We first identified and synthesized key elements for specification from relevant literature. We then applied potential supplemental reporting criteria to our Literacy Promotion for Latinos (LPL) study as a case example to iterate and refine the suggested supplemental criteria. LPL implemented text messages and streamlined access to community resources as implementation strategies to enhance uptake of Reach Out and Read, an evidence-based pediatric clinic-based literacy promotion intervention specifically among Latino families.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our suggested supplemental reporting criteria integrate elements of community-engagement and health disparities research foundational for advancing minority health. We offer a new category, (1) Prioritize It, to describe processes of defining and prioritizing the (a) health outcome gap of interest and (b) performance gap of the evidence-based intervention. We add criteria to Proctor and colleagues' (2) Specify It category, which outlines the description of the implementation strategies, to describe processes of implementation strategy (a) selection, (b) development, and (c) tailoring. Lastly, we suggest a new category, (3) Evaluate It, to include community-engaged evaluation processes. In our case example, we explain the team's processes and engagement of relevant community members and partners in (a) prioritizing disparities in linguistic and socio-emotional development for Latino children related to school readiness and performance gaps in Reach Out and Read for families in local clinic communities; (b) specifying the selection, development, and tailoring of implementation strategies to focus on social and structural drivers of this health disparity; and (c) facilitating community partnerships to evaluate the strategies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Expansion of implementation strategy criteria for reporting can help ensure commitments to advancing minority health are fulfilled. Future efforts should convene researchers and community partners to create expert consensus on the specifications required for implementation strategies for addressing drivers of disparities and advancing minority health.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, Literacy Promotion for Latinos Study, NCT04609553, first posted October 30, 2020: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04609553.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148383335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growing implementation scientists: NHLBI's K12 programs in heart, lung, blood, and sleep research.","authors":"Shahnaz B Khan, Cara C Lewis, Padma T Mudakala, Keith A Mintzer, Jennifer S Curry, George A Mensah","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01027-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-026-01027-5","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Implementation science seeks to accelerate the adoption, integration, and scale-up of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) to improve health and reduce disparities. As the field expanded, demand for trained implementation scientists rapidly outpaced workforce capacity. To address this need, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) launched the institutional Research Career Development Programs in T4 Implementation Research (K12) Next Generation of Implementation Science (iNexIS) in 2016. The program aimed to expand the national pool of rigorous implementation researchers prepared to conduct late-stage translation (T4) studies focused on heart, lung, blood, and sleep (HLBS) conditions. This report presents early outcomes from the inaugural K12 implementation science cohort to assess preliminary workforce growth and productivity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using NIH RePORTER, Query/View/ Report (QVR), and Research Performance Progress Reports (RPPRs) for all awards funded through RFA-HL-17-016. Data extracted (through September 2025) included institutional characteristics, scholar demographics, training duration, grant applications and awards, and peer-reviewed publication output. Productivity measures encompassed: (1) Career Development Awards (CDAs), (2) Research Project Grants (RPGs) and equivalents, and (3) Loan Repayment Program (LRP) applications/awards. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize scholar output, time to first CDA or RPG, and cumulative citation metrics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Ten institutions were funded, supporting 75 scholars across diverse disciplines, primarily pulmonary/critical care medicine (16%), internal medicine (15%), and pediatrics (13%). Most scholars were women (58%); 42% held PhDs and 32% held MDs. Of 215 grant submissions, 95 awards were made to 54 scholars (44% success rate overall; 36% excluding LRPs). Scholars achieved 32 RPGs (24% success rate across RPG submissions) and 27 CDAs. Median time to CDA was 31 months, and to RPG was 43 months-shorter than typical NIH-wide timelines. Scholars collectively generated an estimated 393 publications with a median Relative Citation Ratio of 1.64, reflecting strong research influence. Post-training positions span academic health centers, VA medical centers, community health organizations, research institutes, and industry settings across 17 states.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Early findings suggest that NHLBI's iNexIS K12 program effectively expanded the implementation science workforce, accelerated progression to independent funding, and fostered high research productivity. While long-term impact will require follow-up at beyond 10-years post-program, current metrics indicate strong return on investment. Continued support for structured implementation science training programs remains critical to meet growing workforce demands and advance late-stage tr","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148371282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation determinants and outcomes in the Philadelphia TelePrEP Program: a mixed methods study of client and staff perspectives.","authors":"Stephen Bonett, Anna Sweeney, Naomi Correa, Qian Li, Brian Hernandez, Dovie L Watson, Javontae Williams, Kathleen A Brady, Denise Gaither-Hardy, Aviva Joffe, Hussein Safa","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01009-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-026-01009-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective HIV prevention tool, yet uptake and retention among populations vulnerable to HIV acquisition remain below target levels. Telehealth has emerged as a promising strategy to overcome barriers to accessing PrEP. However, significant gaps remain in our understanding of the implementation of telehealth programs for PrEP. This study examines implementation barriers and facilitators in the Philadelphia TelePrEP Program (PTP), assesses program acceptability, usability and satisfaction, and investigates associations between client characteristics and implementation outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a mixed-methods evaluation from October 2023 to February 2025 of the PTP using web-based surveys with 113 participants and in-depth interviews with 5 staff members. We assessed implementation outcomes (i.e., program acceptability, usability, and satisfaction) and explored implementation determinants through qualitative analysis guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. We used linear regression to examine associations between sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of participants and implementation outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Survey participants were predominantly cisgender men with diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds. Participants reported high levels of acceptability, usability, and satisfaction with the PTP, though those with less than full-time employment reported significantly lower acceptability and usability compared to those with full-time employment. Mixed-methods analysis identified patient navigators as a central facilitator of program success, with both staff and clients emphasizing their role in creating a supportive, stigma-free care environment. Key implementation barriers included billing complexity, platform integration challenges, and privacy concerns. Although designed as a fully remote program, substantial demand for in-person services (particularly for injectable PrEP) emerged as a central implementation theme, underscoring the need for flexible hybrid service models. Staff also identified gaps in reaching priority populations, including Black and Latine communities, despite the program's broad digital outreach efforts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TelePrEP programs can achieve high user satisfaction when supported by dedicated navigation services and flexible care options. However, realizing the full potential of this model may require additional strategies to enhance program reach, streamline multi-organizational coordination, and support hybrid service models that accommodate diverse patient preferences and socioeconomic circumstances.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148364097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing a multimodal lifestyle intervention for depression and overweight in primary and secondary care: protocol for an implementation study exploring what works, how, and under what conditions.","authors":"Sven J G Geelen, Nienke Paauwe, Sophie M van Zonneveld, Huibert Burger, Nicolette Moes, Maartje Hofman, Daniëlle C Cath, Nynke D Scherpbier, Anouk E M Willems","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01031-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-026-01031-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression is a common mental health disorder which frequently co-occurs with increased body mass index or increased waist circumference (hereafter 'overweight'), causing heightened cardiovascular risk. Unhealthy lifestyle behaviours underlie both conditions. The Multimodal Lifestyle Intervention (MLI) LEEF integrates physical activity, nutrition, and behavioural strategies, tailored to motivational challenges common in depression, offering a dual focus on mental and physical health. However, unpublished process data revealed very limited referral to MLI‑LEEF from both primary and secondary care, and consequently low initiation rates, signalling clear implementation challenges. This study addresses this gap by translating prioritised implementation determinants into conceptually and empirically grounded implementation strategies and examining what works, how, and under which conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This quasi‑experimental, explanatory sequential mixed‑methods study will implement MLI‑LEEF across ten general practices and three secondary mental health care outpatient clinics in the Northern Netherlands. Implementation strategies will be developed and tailored using Causal Pathway Diagramming and applied over a six‑month period. Quantitative data will be collected before, during, and after implementation to assess proximal implementation outcomes (the immediate, observable effects of an implementation strategy), distal implementation outcomes (adoption and sustainability), service‑level penetration, and patient outcomes. Following the implementation period, semi‑structured interviews will be conducted with referrers from each participating organisation. Site‑specific topic guides, informed by each organisation's implementation plan, causal pathway diagrams, and quantitative implementation outcomes, will probe how strategies generate change (mechanisms), how they influence targeted determinants, and which contextual conditions (preconditions, moderators) shape implementation strategy functioning.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study will respond to fieldwide calls in implementation science for rigorous, transparent, and context-sensitive approaches to developing and evaluating implementation strategies. By examining how strategies shape referral and initiation in routine general practice and specialist mental health services, and by clarifying the mechanisms and contextual conditions under which they are effective, the study will generate actionable insight into why implementation succeeds or falters in real-world care. These insights will provide essential groundwork for strengthening the reach and adoption of MLI-LEEF and will offer transferable guidance for embedding multimodal lifestyle interventions into everyday care, while advancing generalizable knowledge of how implementation strategies produce change.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>10.17605/OSF.IO/XJHCB.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148364207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}