Implementation science communications最新文献

{"title":"A co-creation approach to selecting and adapting adolescent tobacco and air-pollution interventions and strategies for implementation in diverse countries: insights from FRESHAIR4Life.","authors":"Purva Abhyankar, Alexander Lepe, Jurjen van der Schans, Floor A van den Brand, Faraz Siddiqui, Saima Saeed, Javeria Akhter, Amina Khan, Mian Ali Kamran Baba, Ioanna Tsiligianni, Izolde Bouloukaki, Antonios Christodoulakis, Winceslaus Katagira, Bruce Kirenga, Cristina Isar, Adriana Antohe, Anca Lupu, Andrea Neculau, Talant Sooronbaev, Gulzada Mirzalieva, Aijan Taalaibekova, Rianne van der Kleij, D K Arvind, Siân Williams, Luís Carvalho, Hilary Pinnock","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01044-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43058-026-01044-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence-based interventions to reduce adolescents' exposure to tobacco and air pollution are rarely implemented in low- and middle-income countries, often because they lack contextual fit. The 'FRESHAIR4Life' project aimed to optimise implementation of contextually adapted, evidence-based interventions in Greece, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Romania, and Uganda. Selecting appropriate interventions required deliberate, inclusive, and context-sensitive decision-making. This paper outlines the co-creation approach for selecting and adapting interventions, developing implementation strategies and addressing the challenges that arose.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Each country followed a four-step process. First, findings from local situational analyses were consolidated to identify barriers and facilitators across individual, community, and system levels and to map targets for change using the Theoretical Domains Framework. This was followed by a workshop with country-teams to identify key risk factors, target behaviours, relevant populations and settings, and to shortlist potential interventions from the FRESHAIR4Life palette alongside implementation strategies using option grids and ranking. A subsequent stakeholder workshop applied a Socio Technical Allocation of Resources informed approach to elicit perspectives on the interventions' value using qualitative (Conversation Café style discussions) and quantitative methods (ratings of need, importance, likely reach, feasibility, and local adaptations required, fixed budget allocation exercises or ranking of options). Finally, selection meetings with country teams finalised intervention choices and implementation strategies, informed by stakeholder input.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Countries chose to target the risk factors that were considered most prevalent and the biggest threat to adolescent health in their settings. Of the four countries addressing tobacco use, Pakistan, Greece, and Romania selected 'implementation intentions (If-Then approach)' for prevention, while Kyrgyzstan selected 'very brief advice plus behavioural counselling (VBA+)' for cessation. All three countries addressing air pollution, Pakistan, Uganda and Kyrgyzstan selected social media campaigns. Key challenges included: (1) establishing a sound basis for selection decisions, which was overcome by adopting a systematic, transparent and inclusive decision process (2) ethical and practical considerations for addressing tobacco/nicotine use within school-based prevention, tackled by adapting intervention to include offer of cessation support (3) limited evidence-based interventions targeting ambient air pollution, addressed by flexibly moving beyond the palette (4) the evolving nature of implementation strategies and (5) embedding interventions into routine practice, both addressed through flexibility and adaptation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that, across diverse country c","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13584592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148537523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trust is essential: implementing paediatric care coordination in rural Australia.","authors":"Karen Hutchinson, Anneliese de Groot, Hayley Smithers-Sheedy, Raghu Lingam, Yvonne Zurynski","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01028-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-026-01028-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trust is essential to effective healthcare relationships with service users and a key mechanism for successful implementation of service improvements. In rural settings, systemic barriers, such as workforce shortages, fragmented services, and access inequities, can erode trust in the healthcare system. Integrated care models that prioritise relational approaches may help build trust, particularly for families of children with medical complexity (CMC) who frequently navigate multiple healthcare services.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study explored how trust was operationalised between families of CMC and care coordinators in the Rural Kids Guided Personalised Service (RuralKidsGPS) model, and how relational and contextual factors shaped trust-building processes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews with parents (n = 13), family groups (n = 9), and Paediatric Care Coordinators (PCCs) (n = 8). A hybrid inductive/deductive thematic analysis guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), was used to evaluate the implementation barriers and enablers of RuralKidsGPS. Drawing on established theories, including the Trust Triangle and leveraging validated frameworks, we developed the Trust in Implementation Practice (TIP), comprising five relational constructs: Authenticity, Empathy, Competency, Vulnerability, and Reciprocity. These constructs guided analysis of trust-building mechanisms across families, PCCs, and the healthcare system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Factors enabling or undermining trust-building emerged as key themes from the CFIR-guided thematic analysis. Trust was fostered through PCCs' relational competencies, authenticity, empathy, and local knowledge, enabling responsive care and sustained healthcare relationships. Trust dynamics were shaped by psychosocial and economic disadvantage, geographic isolation, systemic inequities in service access, and previous adverse healthcare experiences. PCCs were perceived as trustworthy intermediaries who promoted equity, continuity, and access to care. Thematic findings identified six key contextual modifiers, leading to expansion into the TIP-Context (TIP-C) framework.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Trust operates as both a mechanism and an outcome in the implementation of integrated care. The TIP-C framework offers a novel, theory-informed lens for understanding and operationalising trust-building in healthcare implementation. Future research is needed to validate and/or amend the TIP-C in other implementation settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148474662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation science infrastructure in U.S. academic institutions: a convergent mixed-methods study.","authors":"Carolina Mejia, Megan M Oakes, Zoe E Waddell, Sahar Shibeika, India Rockett, Stephanie S Sperry, John A Fuller, Lesley A Skalla, Connor Drake, Devon Check, Heather A King, Leah L Zullig","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01046-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-026-01046-2","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Interest in implementation science (IS) has grown rapidly in recent years, leading to the development of academic centers and programs across the United States (U.S.). Limited information exists regarding how these entities are structured, funded, and sustained. This study characterizes the infrastructure, funding models, service offerings, and organizational structures and practices of IS centers and programs within U.S. academic institutions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a convergent mixed methods study using a structured web-based review and a REDCap survey. Targeted Google searches of .edu and .org domains were used to identify IS centers and programs based at U.S. academic medical and public health institutions. Forty-eight centers met the inclusion criteria after screening. Website data included institutional affiliation, leadership structure, focus areas, partnerships and service offerings. Program leaders from identified centers were invited to complete a survey examining funding sources, success metrics, workforce development, partnerships, and leadership succession. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively, and open-ended responses were analyzed using rapid qualitative methods. Findings were integrated during interpretation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The 48 centers and programs were distributed across all major U.S. regions, with 54.2% located at public institutions. Research combined with mentorship and/or teaching was the most common focus area (77.0%). Training (54.2%) and consultation (45.8%) were the most reported service offerings, whereas only 27.1% publicly described community engagement support. Among 12 of 13 survey respondents with complete funding data, grants were the most frequently reported funding source (83.3%), followed by institutional support (50.0%), with limited funding diversification. Integration of quantitative and qualitative findings suggested that workforce development, mentorship, and partnerships were viewed as important strengths among survey participants, while sustainability challenges were linked to reliance on external funding, staffing constraints, and limited succession planning. Quantitative findings related to funding concentration and traditional success metrics were reinforced by qualitative themes describing Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) dependence, workforce challenges, and misalignment between academic incentives and long-term implementation impact.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Academic IS centers and programs play an important role in workforce development, mentorship, training, and implementation support but continue to rely substantially on external funding to support core activities. Findings highlight the need for diversified funding strategies, stronger institutional investments, proactive succession planning, and broader impact-oriented success metrics that better capture long-term implementation impact ","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148474719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specifying pathway requirements for mobile outreach cancer testing before rollout: an implementation-aware Target Product Profile method.","authors":"Patrick Kierkegaard, Bowen Su, Masood Moghul, Declan Cahill, Nicholas David James","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01041-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43058-026-01041-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mobile cancer-testing services can widen access by taking testing to community or workplace sites. But the test is only one part of the pathway: eligibility explanation, informed choice, privacy, documentation, result communication, referral, and follow-up move outside clinics. Unless specified before rollout, these tasks can make a service easier to attend but harder to govern. In diagnostic-test development, a Target Product Profile is an advance brief defining a test's intended users, use setting, and minimum and preferred features. To create an equivalent brief for outreach services, we adapted that approach into an implementation-aware Target Product Profile (iTPP). The iTPP turns evidence on delivery and handover into a requirement register, separating what must be in place, what would improve quality, what depends on local set-up, and what needs further evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a qualitative method-development study using the Man Van mobile prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing pathway as an exemplar, not an effectiveness evaluation. We interviewed attenders (n = 23), planning and delivery stakeholders (n = 13), and prospective stakeholders (n = 11). Using the Framework Method and abductive analysis, we charted interview evidence, converted delivery and handover issues into requirement statements, judged consequences of absence, and placed unresolved quantitative or operational questions in an Evidence and Decision Agenda.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The method produced a Man Van-derived register with 42 attributes across six clusters: outreach legitimacy; privacy and dignity; deliverability; test acceptability and performance uncertainty; counselling and next steps; and data integration with primary care. Handover requirements centred on result ownership, record integration, safety-netting, and loop closure: documented responsibility acceptance by a named receiving service when action was required. Diagnostic thresholds, referral ratios, staffing ratios, outreach pacing, unit costs, and equity effects were treated as questions for further evidence, not universal requirements.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The iTPP is a pre-rollout method for specifying mobile outreach cancer-testing pathways before local adaptation, implementation, or evaluation. It identifies what should be preserved, what can vary by context, and what should remain open until stronger evidence is available. This PSA exemplar demonstrates the method; it does not establish service effectiveness, validate iTPP as an independent instrument, or recommend population screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148474714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rigorous projects and grants integrating human-centered design and implementation science: 8 tips for success.","authors":"Tricia Aung, Katie P Osterhage, Andrea K Graham, Enola K Proctor, Aaron R Lyon, Sean A Munson","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01035-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43058-026-01035-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Researchers and funders increasingly see potential for integrating human-centered design (HCD) and implementation science (IS) approaches to enhance the design and uptake of health interventions and implementation strategies. These approaches offer complementary strengths. HCD prioritizes developing compelling, intuitive, and adoptable innovations grounded in user and contextual needs; IS focuses on ensuring evidence-based practices reach and work for their intended populations. Integrating HCD and IS creates challenges that existing IS proposal writing guidelines do not address. HCD's inherent uncertainty-since final designs are developed through iteration rather than pre-determined-can unsettle researchers and funders accustomed to more defined endpoints. Variation in how HCD is understood adds further difficulty when collaborating across disciplines or communicating with funders. There are currently no published recommendations to help researchers design strong studies integrating HCD and IS and communicate them effectively to funders.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We present tips to support both rigorous study design and effective proposal writing that integrate HCD and IS. This draws from our experiences leading, supporting, and reviewing both funded and unfunded projects. Our considerations are informed primarily by experiences with teams in the United States in the mental health and behavioral health domains; however, we have found our findings also apply to projects globally and in other health sectors. Our intent is that this guide will advance good research that leverages both approaches and is viable for funding. We also hope that the tips will support funders in developing solicitations and evaluating proposals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is untapped potential for innovative health research integrating HCD and IS, but realizing it requires both rigorous study design and an ability to attract funding. We offer practice guidance to help researchers and funders develop quality projects and proposals, and we encourage others to build on these recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-engaged research in HIV implementation science: a cross-sectional assessment of meaningful engagement among community and academic recipients of 2021 and 2022 'ending the HIV epidemic' supplement awards.","authors":"Reva Datar, Wilson Gomez, Sheree Schwartz, David A Katz, April Pettit, Audrey Harkness, Jonathan Ross, Pedro Alonso Serrano, Christopher Archiopoli, Jessica M Sales, Stefan Baral, Carolyn M Audet, Krystle Culbertson, Lissette Marrero, Gustavo Morales, Danielle Estes, Debbie Humphries, Laura K Beres","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01036-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43058-026-01036-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Meaningful community engagement is fundamental to sustained and effective implementation of HIV interventions, yet partnership engagement quality is rarely measured. We assessed meaningful engagement among community and academic partnerships from 2021-2022 United States Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) Implementation Science (IS) Awards.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Awardees were invited to complete a cross-sectional, online survey. We applied adapted, validated community engagement importance and quality measures across six 'engagement principles' (EPs) and 12 attributes of 'trust' using 5-point Likert scales (1='poor' to 5='excellent'). Level of community partner engagement was assessed along a continuum. Differences in EP scores between academic partners and community partners were assessed using Mann-Whitney U Test. Bivariate associations between engagement level, EPs, and trust used Spearman's rank correlations. Open-ended responses were thematically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From July-December 2023, we received 53 (65%) surveys from academic partners and 29 (35%) from community partners, including 1:1 paired responses for 18/57 (32%) projects. Community partners and academic partners reported high median quality engagement summary scores (3.6 vs 4.1, p = 0.04) and trust scores (>67% and >69% reporting \"very good\" or \"excellent\"). All trust attributes were highly valued, with >85% of participants rating each \"important\" or \"very important.\" Academic partners reported lower median summary scores than community partners for quality and frequency of EPs [3.6 vs 4.1, p = 0.04; 3.8 vs 4.3, p = 0.02]. 'Fostering co-learning' was the only individual EP scored significantly lower by academic than community partners (quality [-2.6, p = 0.01], frequency [-2.6, p = 0.01]). For trust, academic partners reported the lowest quality scores for dependability, while community partners reported the lowest for mutual benefit. Among academic partners, level of community engagement was positively correlated with quality across all six EPs (p < 0.05). While among community partners, quality of all trust attributes were positively correlated with EP quality (p < 0.5). In open-ended responses, structural barriers to engagement and concern about community partner burden were prominent themes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EHE awards largely supported trusting and meaningful partnerships. Differences between academic and community responses indicate a need to develop shared understanding of engagement quality. Strategies to strengthen trust, support greater engagement, and enhance the engagement quality will optimize partnerships and their potential positive impact on implementation and effectiveness outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13647629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring multi-level determinants of implementation of nicotine replacement therapy guidelines for youth vaping: a mixed-methods case study.","authors":"Joshua D Cockroft, Carly Ritger, Becky Bloedow, Brooke Dorsey, Russell E Glasgow","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01037-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43058-026-01037-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rates of youth vaping have become a major concern over the past decade with worries about impacts of vaping on neurodevelopment, mental health, transition to cigarettes, and unknown long-term physical sequelae. In 2023, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)'s updated tobacco care guidelines encouraged primary care providers to consider using nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products to help support youth vaping and tobacco cessation. This study sought to explore the determinants to using NRT products for youth vaping cessation per AAP recommendations amongst primary care providers in an urban, safety-net health system where use of NRT for youth was limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used a mixed-methods case study design guided by the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM). Nine primary care providers caring for patients aged 12-17 completed key informant interviews and a modified version of the PRISM Contextual Survey Instrument (PRISM-CSI) between May and July 2025. Qualitative analysis was done using a rapid matrix approach and quantitative analysis was descriptive in nature. Themes/subthemes and mean PRISM-CSI item scores were integrated to generate final mixed meta-inferences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>5 themes with 13 subthemes emerged from qualitative analysis. In quantitative analysis, all PRISM-CSI item mean scores were rated as either neutral (2.50-3.49 on 1-5 rated ordinal scale) or positive (≥3.50). A total of 14 meta-inferences were generated from integration of qualitative and quantitative results, showing that AAP guidelines on NRT were considered acceptable and met an important need, but contextual determinants important to implementation included addressing time/work demands, provider training, confidentiality, insurance coverage/affordability, managing follow up, youth perceptions of harms and treatment preferences, perceived limited concurrent public health/policy intervention, and bolstering existing practice change infrastructure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AAP guidelines on NRT were considered reasonable by providers interviewed and surveyed in this study while acknowledging specific contextual determinants for successful implementation. Providers also felt it was important to strengthen ongoing public health and policy efforts to address youth vaping in addition to clinical intervention. This study provides insight into the translation of efforts such as the AAP guidelines in a specific healthcare system to address a pressing health issue for youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13637320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theorising pathways of multi-dimensional scaling for population health using implementation and complexity science perspectives.","authors":"Monika Martens, Edwin Wouters, Josefien van Olmen","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01021-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43058-026-01021-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scaling up is a complex process. As a multi-dimensional concept, it requires efforts to (1) increase population coverage (coverage), (2) expand or diversify what is included in the health service package (expansion), and/or (3) institutionalise a health innovation or new practice into health system services (institutionalisation). In this paper, we provide the theoretical basis for the model joining linear as well as complex pathways - stemming from implementation and complexity science - towards three-dimensional scaling. Our scale-up model positions expansion as the backbone for scale-up, and proposes multiple back-and-forth waves between institutionalisation and coverage. This allows an incrementalist approach, going step-by-step from one to the other scale-up dimension, as well as a multi-player complexity approach, emphasising the interactions between scale-up dimensions and actors involved, to achieving population health. By offering a dual incrementalist-complexity focus, we acknowledge that there is a starting point to scale-up, and thus path dependency, in addition to highly contextual cultural, historical, socio-political, and economic forces that underpin population health and any attempt at scaling up access and integration of health services, thereby pointing at their fragmented and incomplete nature. The visualisation and underlying hypotheses offer speculation on potential pathways for scale-up, which are key processes to understand and untangle in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13343904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-method approaches to develop and refine a tobacco cessation workflow within a federally qualified health center.","authors":"Linda Salgin, Jerel P Calzo, Jennifer K Felner, David Strong, Marva Seifert, Borsika A Rabin","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01038-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-026-01038-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The incorporation of implementation science approaches into tobacco control program delivery remains limited. Programs developed using these approaches, including co-creation, are often more feasible and sustainable, as they are designed to consider the operational and cultural context of an organization. This study utilized multiple implementation science approaches to co-create a tobacco cessation workflow within a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC), where tobacco use is disproportionately higher than the national average.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study we conducted six structured meetings across two advisory groups between July-September 2025. Multiple implementation science methods (i.e., functions and forms , brainwriting premortem, and Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM) assessments) were integrated to optimize the tobacco cessation workflow for future piloting, along with co-creation and evaluation methods (i.e., ethnographic observations, engagement survey) to evaluate advisory board engagement. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed simultaneously using rapid qualitative analysis and descriptive statistics allowing for a comprehensive understanding and iterative incorporation of the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen individuals participated in this study as co-creation partners who were between the ages 27 to 69 years (M = 38.6). Participants represent various roles within the FQHC including front-line staff, administrators, providers, and patients. Workflow Optimization: Participants identified 5 core functions and 16 forms in the refinement of the tobacco cessation workflow. Brainwriting Premortem resulted in 28 unique failures and 19 solutions within the workflow across PRISM contextual domains, of which 16 were integrated. The final version of the co-created workflow had high acceptability (M = 4.8), appropriateness (M = 4.6), and feasibility (M = 4.5). Participant Engagement: A total of 394 interactions were identified across meetings. The most frequent interaction was giving information (53%), followed by seeking information (18%). The quality and frequency of advisory board engagement was rated favorably (average 4.7 of 5). Rapid qualitative analysis of open-ended responses highlighted the value of co-creation with participants stating: \"I am glad I participated in this advisory panel… and I am able to bring [this information] back to my team to help our patients.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights how co-creation through multiple implementation science methods can be used to conceptualize, adapt, and refine programs responsive to FQHC needs. As formative, pre-implementation work, these findings reflect acceptability, feasibility and appropriateness of co-creation processes; real-world adoption and effectiveness remain untested and represent important next steps for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148400260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring working mechanism of an implementation strategy bundle on the implementation of a lifestyle intervention for community-dwelling older adults: process evaluation of a stepped wedge trial.","authors":"Patricia J van der Laag, Berber G Dorhout, Lara R Bos, Cindy Veenhof, Di-Janne Ja Barten, Lisette Schoonhoven","doi":"10.1186/s43058-026-01034-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43058-026-01034-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A theory- and practice-based implementation strategy bundle (ISB) was developed to support physical therapists and dieticians during implementation of the combined lifestyle intervention ProMuscle for community-dwelling older adults in multiple community-care settings. Alongside a 42-week hybrid type III stepped-wedge randomized cluster implementation effectiveness trial, a process evaluation was conducted to explore possible working mechanisms of the ISB on the adoption, reach, and fidelity of ProMuscle by describing a causal pathway. Additionally, barriers and facilitators for the use of the ISB were identified.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During the 6-week transitional period in which clusters transitioned from the control to the intervention group and at the end of the 42-week trial, (group)interviews were held with physical therapists and dieticians. Interview guides were informed by the RE-AIM framework and supplemented with quantitative data from surveys and ISB tracking activity. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analyzed. Insights from the process evaluation informed a causal pathway diagram and the identification of barriers and facilitators for the use of the ISB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five physical therapists and dieticians were interviewed during the transitional period, and fifteen participated in the group interviews at the end of the trial. The causal pathway diagram revealed that individual factors (knowledge and beliefs about the intervention, convincing others, and networking), and organizational- and system-level factors (facilitation, collaboration, and support) moderated the influence of the ISB on the implementation outcomes. Particularly organizational and system-level factors could not always be addressed by individual professionals. The fidelity of the ISB was low, according to the healthcare professionals, due to timing of receiving the ISB and lack of education on its use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results highlight the complexity of real-world implementation in multiple community-care settings and address the need for organizational and policy-level facilitation to enhance the implementation, sustainment, and scale-up of lifestyle interventions for community-dwelling older adults. Additionally, low fidelity of the ISB probably contributed to the non-significant effect of the ISB on the adoption of ProMuscle. Future implementation studies should take the timely delivery of an ISB into account and provide adequate education to healthcare professionals about the use of implementation strategies.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05672004) registered at 12/07/2022 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05672004.</p>","PeriodicalId":73355,"journal":{"name":"Implementation science communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13625317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148388484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}