Mehdi Ejtehadi, Gloria Edumaba Graham, Cailin Ringstrom, Elisa Du, Robert Riener, Diego Paez-Granados
{"title":"Tifex-Py: Time-Series Feature Extraction for Python in a Human Activity Recognition Scenario.","authors":"Mehdi Ejtehadi, Gloria Edumaba Graham, Cailin Ringstrom, Elisa Du, Robert Riener, Diego Paez-Granados","doi":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11062978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11062978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is a valuable tool for healthcare and rehabilitation, enabling applications like remote patient monitoring and rehabilitation progress assessment. This paper introduces TIFEX-Py, a comprehensive Python toolbox designed for time series feature extraction in HAR. TIFEX-Py offers a rich set of 195 feature extraction methods across statistical, amplitude, spectral, and time-frequency domains. To evaluate its effectiveness, TIFEX-Py was applied to 11 publicly available HAR datasets: DSADS, HHAR, MHEALTH, MotionSense, PAMAP2, REALDISP, RealWorld, UniMiBSHAR, USC-HAD, WARD, and WISDM. Machine learning pipelines utilizing TIFEX-Py features, evaluated under both random and subject-stratified cross-validation settings, consistently achieved performance that is competitive with or superior to state-of-theart (SOTA) benchmark performances available for the datasets. In 11 out of 11 random split cross-validation scenarios, our pipeline surpassed or matched SOTA performance. For stratified by subject cross-validation, this was the case for more than half of the datasets. These results highlight the power of TIFEX-Py's feature space in representing time series data. TIFEX-Py is opensource and publicly available for researchers in rehabilitation and movement analysis fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":73276,"journal":{"name":"IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings]","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1332-1339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Camila Shirota, Jacquelin Donovan, Catherine Cave, Sami A Kaab, Alejandro Melendez-Calderon
{"title":"EPIC-Tech - Engineering and Physiotherapy Interdisciplinary Collaboration with Technology: A Case Study.","authors":"Camila Shirota, Jacquelin Donovan, Catherine Cave, Sami A Kaab, Alejandro Melendez-Calderon","doi":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11063109","DOIUrl":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11063109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a case study investigating the impact of integrating a novel rehabilitation device (Andago) into physiotherapy services of a public hospital in Australia. A 3month baseline of usual therapy was compared to a 3-month trial which involved an implementation team consisting of a physiotherapist and a rehabilitation engineer supporting a new rehabilitation device being used in clinical practice. Therapists were free to use the Andago for therapy. The patient progressed from non-ambulatory during baseline to walking with single-person assistance by trial end. There was a higher proportion of therapy dedicated to walking when comparing baseline to trial phases, and when comparing Andago and usual therapy within the trial phase. However, therapists reported increased perceived strain and fatigue during Andago-assisted sessions. Therapist engagement with the Andago was moderate, with the device utilized in approximately one out of five sessions per week. The implementation team enabled safe and supported uptake of the novel device which was valued by the case study participant and their therapist. Findings suggest the Andago's potential to enhance gait training but highlight the need to address usability challenges and staff burden to optimize integration and adoption in clinical practice. We believe this can be addressed by better integration of clinicallyoriented engineers in the delivery of rehabilitation services.</p>","PeriodicalId":73276,"journal":{"name":"IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings]","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1750-1754"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Balance Assistance Without Mechanical Support Using a Virtual Cane with Haptic Feedback.","authors":"Sindhu Reddy Alluri, Sambad Regmi, Fazlur Rashid, Devin Burns, Yun Seong Song","doi":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11063076","DOIUrl":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11063076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Light Touch (LT) has been known to improve standing balance without mechanical support by providing sensory information about the movement of the body. Inspired by this, this work developed a Virtual Cane (VC) which gives no physical support but provides other sensory information that a physical cane would. The VC is developed with a distance sensor and vibration actuators to provide cane tip-to-ground distance information to the user. The extent to which this haptic feedback improves standing balance was assessed in a human experiment. 10 healthy young participants underwent a standing balance experiment with tandem stance and eyes closed, using VC with No Feedback (NF) as the baseline, VC with feedback, and with physical cane (PC). Center-of-Pressure (CoP) metrics as well as Sway-density metrics were analyzed to study the effect of these conditions on standing balance. It was found that the CoP metrics in VC were significantly improved compared to baseline (NF) and approaching the benefit of a full physical cane (PC). Sway-density metrics showed no difference between the conditions. This shows that simple, binary feedback from VC on the position of the body and cane was sufficient to positively affect standing balance without significantly altering the biomechanical strategy of standing balance. This is also a demonstration of an assistive device with a complete absence of mechanical support that can provide substantial benefit to balance.</p>","PeriodicalId":73276,"journal":{"name":"IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings]","volume":"2025 ","pages":"58-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marta Gherardini, Benedicta Akweley Barnor, Flavia Paggetti, Christian Cipriani
{"title":"A Simulation Platform Combining The Myokinetic Interface With The Ami Surgery For Prosthetic Control.","authors":"Marta Gherardini, Benedicta Akweley Barnor, Flavia Paggetti, Christian Cipriani","doi":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11063206","DOIUrl":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11063206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amputations of the upper and lower limbs can significantly impact psychological well-being and functional independence, limiting a person's ability to perform daily tasks. Artificial limbs aim to restore lost functionality by replicating the natural limb as closely as possible. To this aim, the ideal human-machine interface (HMI) should provide seamless connection with the natural sources of control and sensory feedback. Recent advances in surgical techniques and prosthetic technologies have enhanced residual limb functionality and enabled direct connections with peripheral neural pathways. This study introduces a simulation platform integrating the agonist-antagonist myoneural interface (AMI) with a myokinetic interface based on implantable magnets, to generate synthetic data on muscle deformation and magnet displacement as potential control signals for an assistive device. A transtibial amputation was simulated, replicating the natural agonist-antagonist mechanical connection between paired muscles. The model simulated muscle contractions and magnet implantation, which displacement was tracked using a localization algorithm. Results demonstrated a combined contraction and stretching of the agonist and antagonist muscles and the feasibility of accurately tracking implanted magnets via external sensors. These findings suggest that combining the AMI with magnet implantation could contribute to more intuitive prosthetic control in the future. In this view, this simulation platform provides a valuable pre-operative planning tool to optimize magnet placement and enhance HMI performance for individual patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":73276,"journal":{"name":"IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings]","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anway S Pimpalkar, A Michael West, Jing Xu, Jeremy D Brown
{"title":"Optimizing Cross-Modal Matching for Multimodal Motor Rehabilitation.","authors":"Anway S Pimpalkar, A Michael West, Jing Xu, Jeremy D Brown","doi":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11063112","DOIUrl":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11063112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke often causes sensorimotor deficits, impairing hand dexterity and disrupting independence for millions worldwide. While rehabilitation devices leveraging visual and haptic feedback show promise, their effectiveness is limited by a lack of perceptual equity, which is necessary to ensure fair comparisons between sensory modalities. This study refines cross-modal matching protocols to address this gap, enabling unbiased evaluation of multimodal feedback. Using the Hand Articulation and Neurotraining Device (HAND), 12 healthy participants matched visual and haptic stimuli in a structured task. A streamlined protocol, requiring just $2-3$ blocks and 3 reference intensities, reduced experimental time fivefold while preserving data integrity. Data were analyzed using linear and exponential models applied to both full and reduced datasets. The results demonstrated consistent participant performance across trials, with higher matching errors at greater stimulus intensities, likely attributable to sensory saturation effects. Furthermore, the study offered practical methodological insights, including the use of reduced data sampling paradigms to enhance experimental efficiency significantly while preserving data integrity. This work advances perceptual equity in multisensory feedback systems, addressing sensory encoding variability to support scalable, personalized therapeutic strategies for stroke recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":73276,"journal":{"name":"IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings]","volume":"2025 ","pages":"559-566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13247905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anh T Nguyen, Hao Zhang, Tian Tan, Mohammad Abrar, Yuxin Zhang, Michelle J Johnson
{"title":"Integration of a Gripper-Equipped Humanoid Social Robot for EEG-Monitored Action Observation Paradigms.","authors":"Anh T Nguyen, Hao Zhang, Tian Tan, Mohammad Abrar, Yuxin Zhang, Michelle J Johnson","doi":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11062928","DOIUrl":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11062928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Action Observation (AO) therapy leverages the mirror neuron system (MNS) and may support motor recovery in neurorehabilitation. In this study, we integrated Flo v2, a humanoid robot equipped with grippers and object detection system, into an AO therapy paradigm with electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring. Flo v2's enhanced design enables the execution of upper-limb actions, either transitive (involving object interaction such as grasping a cup) or intransitive (gesture-based without object manipulation such as waving). The robot control is synchronized with EEG recording to facilitate the investigation of cortical responses during AO tasks. We also conducted a case study to assess of the upgraded robot system's feasibility. Three healthy participants observed and imitated robot-performed actions, where the robot actor was in person or on videos. Exploratory analyses of EEG signals examined sensorimotor mu event-related desynchronization (ERD) during video-based and in-person AO tasks. Results indicated stronger responses during bimanual and transitive AO in the in-person settings. However, individual variability in cortical responses was evident, with one subject showing less pronounced ERD patterns, and that comparisons of mu ERDs across different types of action in video-based AO settings were inconsistent among subjects. Flo v2's enhancements demonstrated its feasibility as a tool for robot-mediated AOE therapy and highlighted potential for further neurorehabilitation research.</p>","PeriodicalId":73276,"journal":{"name":"IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings]","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1699-1705"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Demographic-Driven Electromyography Analysis: Advancing Personalized Biosignal Interpretation.","authors":"Maedeh Mohammadiazni, Yue Zhou, Ana Luisa Trejos","doi":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11062967","DOIUrl":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11062967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of rehabilitation robotics and surface electromyography (sEMG) offers a powerful approach for monitoring and enhancing recovery in patients with neuromuscular disorders. However, variability in baseline sEMG readings across individuals can limit its effectiveness. Factors such as age, height, and weight influence these baselines, and there is a lack of personalized baselines that account for demographic differences. This study proposes a novel model to estimate individualized baselines for one important sEMG parameter, Root Mean Square (RMS). Demographics and physiological data were collected from 30 healthy participants, and sEMG signals were recorded using four electrodes on the forearm muscles during a pushing task at two wrist positions. A Decision Tree Regression model was developed for each combination of the two wrist postures and four electrode locations, resulting in eight combinations, with optimal features identified using the Recursive Feature Elimination method. The regression models achieved accuracies ranging from 88.81% to 95.6%. A global sensitivity analysis using the Sobol method evaluated the importance of each input feature. Results indicate that gathering more comprehensive sEMG data for the most influential factors could improve model generalizability. The findings of this study offer a promising approach for individualized sEMG baselines, with potential applications in rehabilitation robotics to enable personalized recovery strategies for neuromuscular disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":73276,"journal":{"name":"IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings]","volume":"2025 ","pages":"944-951"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guillem Cornella-Barba, Callen S Zimmer, Shusuke Okita, David J Reinkensmeyer
{"title":"A Home-Based Suite of Sensors for Monitoring and Improving Upper Extremity Proprioception After Stroke.","authors":"Guillem Cornella-Barba, Callen S Zimmer, Shusuke Okita, David J Reinkensmeyer","doi":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11063129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11063129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proprioception assessment and training are theoretically important in stroke rehabilitation because proprioception impairment contributes to reduced upper extremity (UE) function and is a promising predictor of the effectiveness of movement therapy. Currently, however, there are few tools available for home-based monitoring and training of proprioception. Here, we describe three tools that we are developing for UE proprioception rehabilitation that are suitable for home use. OpenPoint uses a webcam to automate UE proprioception assessment via a classic neurologic test: finger-to-finger pointing. Proprio gamifies proprioception training by embedding the finger-to-finger pointing test within a video game similar to GuitarHero. Diversify is an app on a smartwatch that provides feedback about the diversity of arm proprioceptive states associated with the variety of arm postures that an individual experiences throughout the day. We describe here the design of each system as well as preliminary testing results.</p>","PeriodicalId":73276,"journal":{"name":"IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings]","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1542-1547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mac Camardo, Leah O'Shea, Valentino Wilson, Courtney Celian, Adith V Srivatsa, Myunghee Kim, James L Patton
{"title":"Design Evaluation of a Passive Ankle Exoskeleton for Gait Training.","authors":"Mac Camardo, Leah O'Shea, Valentino Wilson, Courtney Celian, Adith V Srivatsa, Myunghee Kim, James L Patton","doi":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11063082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11063082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke survivors often experience severe gait impairments that reduce mobility and independence, highlighting the need for innovative and practical rehabilitation solutions. Many existing devices are limited by their high cost, complexity, or invasive nature, making them inadequate for widespread use in clinical and athome settings. To address these challenges, we introduce the LegExoNET, a passive lower-limb exoskeleton capable of providing both assistance and resistance in ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion. During mechanical testing, the torques applied by the device decrease nonlinearly with a decrease in ankle angle. The device's lightweight, modular design ensures versatility and accessibility, establishing the LegExoNET as a promising tool for enhancing gait rehabilitation and promoting motor learning. Future work will include expanding to a multi-joint device while incorporating additional functions such as leg propulsion assistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":73276,"journal":{"name":"IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings]","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1444-1448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of a Semi-Active Ankle Foot Prosthesis Using a Pneumatic and Hydraulic Hybrid for Stiffness and Energy Timing Control.","authors":"Sy Nguyen, Sepehr Ramezani, Hwan Choi","doi":"10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11063036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR66766.2025.11063036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lower-limb amputees require ankle-foot prostheses with adjustable stiffness and energy return timing to adapt to varying walking speeds, as well as adequate ankle push-off power to propel the body forward. Most passive prostheses utilize energy storage and return with carbon fiber blades (CFBs), but their single stiffness and early energy return timing limit their effectiveness for propulsion. Quasi-active or powered prostheses with CFBs also fail to fully utilize the energy storage and return capabilities of the CFB. As a result, many quasiactive prostheses lack precise energy return timing, while powered prostheses rely on large motors or bulky hydraulic cylinders. In this paper, we present the Pneumatic and Hydraulic Hybrid Prosthesis (PHHP), designed to adjust stiffness and energy return timing. The system leverages the compressible and incompressible properties of pneumatic and hydraulic systems to enable both stiffness adjustment and stored energy delivery timing. The PHHP includes three pneumatic chambers of varying sizes that adjust the resistance of a hydraulic cylinder by turning valves on and off, enabling variable stiffness. The hydraulic cylinder stores energy from the carbon fiber foot's deformation and releases it for push-off assistance via a hydraulic valve. Theoretical and experimental results show the PHHP's potential for push-off assistance and variable stiffness (24.3-54 N/mm), making it adaptable to different walking speeds for lower-limb amputees.</p>","PeriodicalId":73276,"journal":{"name":"IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings]","volume":"2025 ","pages":"358-363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}