Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the influence of digital technologies on antenatal care visits in Zimbabwe: insights from 2019 Zimbabwe Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey","authors":"Elliot Mbunge ,&nbsp;Garikayi Bernard Chemhaka ,&nbsp;Tafadzwa Dzinamarira ,&nbsp;Enos Moyo","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><p>To provide good health and well-being as established by the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3, access to digital technologies can act as conduits to achieve such progress in a population. As guided by the World Health Organization, antenatal care (ANC) attendance is one of the measures promoted to curtail the global health burden of maternal and infant mortality. ANC services are seldom utilized to their full potential in Zimbabwe. This study explores if any of the women's digital technology characteristics were associated with antenatal care visits.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study analyzed population-based cross-sectional data with a subsample of 1 932 women aged 15‒49 years from the 2019 Zimbabwe Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. Test of associations with chi-square test, bivariate, and multivariate multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to examine the predictors of adequate (4‒7) and optimal (≥ 8) ANC visits relative to undesirable (1‒3) antenatal care visits among women who had given births 2 years before the survey.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results indicate that 64.5% (1246/1 932) of the women attained adequate ANC while about 9.8% (189/1 932) attained optimal ANC. Reading a newspaper/magazine at least once a week (odds ratio [OR] 1.73, <em>β’</em> = 0.551, <em>t</em> = 2.030, <em>P</em> = 0.043) and watching television at least once a week (OR 1.72, <em>β’</em> = 0.545, <em>t</em> = 2.454, <em>P</em> = 0.015), listening to the radio less than once a week (OR 1.28, <em>β’</em> = 0.247, <em>t</em> = 1.750, <em>P</em> = 0.080), and owning a mobile phone (OR 1.48, <em>β’</em> = 0.394, <em>t</em> = 3.020, <em>P</em> = 0.003) were positively associated with adequate ANC. Optimal ANC was significantly associated with women being able to read a newspaper at least once a week (OR 2.93, <em>β’</em> = 1.074, <em>t</em> = 3.120, <em>P</em> = 0.002), listen to the radio less than once a week (OR 2.07, <em>β’</em> = 0.73, <em>t</em> = 2.700, <em>P</em> = 0.007) and have ownership of a mobile phone (OR 1.88, <em>β’</em> = 0.631, <em>t</em> = 2.620, <em>P</em> = 0.009).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Access to a newspaper, radio, television, and mobile phone were important predictors of a woman's ability to achieve her ANC attendance. Policies to improve the knowledge of ANC packages can be facilitated using digital technology to achieve adequate and preferably optimal ANC in Zimbabwe. It is important to improve digital infrastructure to support digital technologies in providing ANC services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 167-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44825742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of β-lactam antimicrobial's exposure with carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: a cumulative meta-analysis","authors":"Prity Rani Deshwal,&nbsp;Muskan Aggarwal,&nbsp;Nalla Surender Reddy,&nbsp;Raisa Fathima,&nbsp;Pramil Tiwari","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Carbapenems are effective against severe <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> nosocomial infections. Therefore, carbapenem-resistant <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> is a serious public health threat. An understanding of the risk of inappropriate exposure to different antimicrobials in resistant <em>Pseudomonas aeruginos</em>a infection could help in elucidating the effective approach towards using antimicrobials in vulnerable patients with CRPA infection.</p></div><div><h3>Object</h3><p>To investigate the association between exposure of β-lactam antimicrobials and CRPA infection relative to control patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The MEDLINE/PubMed and OVID/Embase databases were used to search case-control and cohort studies in English language which reported antimicrobial exposure as risk factors for CRPA infection. The pooled odds ratios (<em>OR</em>) were calculated using a random-effect and fixed-effect model, and forest plots from a cumulative meta-analysis method were used to better show how pooled <em>OR</em> changed as updated evidence accumulated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 24 studies comprising 7 039 participants were included for cumulative meta-analysis. A positive correlation was found between development of CRPA infection and exposure of beta-lactam antimicrobials: carbapenems (<em>OR</em> = 7.60, 95% <em>CI</em>: 3.95 to 14.62, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001), imipenem (<em>OR</em> = 9.81, 95% <em>CI</em>: 5.56 to 17.33), ampicillin (<em>OR</em> = 1.86, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.14 to 2.41), piperacillin (<em>OR</em> = 2.82, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.46 to 2.43), penicillins (<em>OR</em> = 1.42, 95% <em>CI</em>: 0.90 to 2.24), cephalosporins (<em>OR</em> = 1.88, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.46 to 2.43) and β lactamase inhibitors (<em>OR</em> = 1.96, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.44 to 2.67). Further, exposure of other antimicrobial agents like quinolone (<em>OR</em> = 2.35, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.78 to 3.10), ciprofloxacin (<em>OR</em> = 2.35, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.66 to 3.95), aminoglycoside (<em>OR</em> = 2.17, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.60 to 2.95), amikacin (<em>OR</em> = 3.11, 95% <em>CI</em>: 2.10 to 4.61), glycopeptides (<em>OR</em> = 3.02, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.92 to 4.75) and vancomycin (<em>OR</em> = 3.26, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.48 to 7.18), were also found to be positively associated with development of CRPA infection.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Exposure of all kinds of β-lactams is significantly associated with development of carbapenem-resistant <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> infection. These findings provide an impetus to take a more active approach while using β-lactam antimicrobials in patients with resistant <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 137-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43613092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of efficacy of metformin and D-chiro-inositol on clinical biomarkers in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome: an open label study","authors":"Gaurika Aggarwal ,&nbsp;Shikha Gupta ,&nbsp;Ojus Sardana ,&nbsp;Harleen ,&nbsp;Pratima Kumari ,&nbsp;Rupinder Kaur ,&nbsp;Thakur Gurjeet Singh ,&nbsp;Amit Sharma ,&nbsp;Ravinder Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a pathophysiological disorder affecting reproductive and metabolic indices in females. The present study was designed to compare the efficacy of metformin and D-chiro-inositol in PCOS patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In a tertiary care hospital in North India, prospective observational research was undertaken on 100 patients with PCOS, which was diagnosed based on European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology Guidelines and ultrasound of lower abdomen. The study involves various clinical characteristics into consideration for the determination of statistical significance (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in PCOS patients. Student's <em>t</em>-test along with the association between PCOS and patients taking metformin and D-chiro-inositol, as well as their impact on various biochemical parameters, were investigated finally using Pearson Correlation Analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This study comprises 50 patients taking metformin and 50 patients taking D-chiro-inositol in women suffering from PCOS. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were statistically significant (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) within the groups of both metformin and D-chiro-inositol. Biochemical parameters such as luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were found to be statistically significant (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in both groups. LH, FSH and AMH (14.40 ± 0.52; 14.28 ± 0.53; 1.99 ± 0.10) were comparatively lower in patients taking D-chiro-inositol as compared to metformin group (14.17 ± 0.42; 19.88 ± 1.01; 2.61 ± 0.04). HbA1c (3.71 ± 0.08) with <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05 was found to be decreased more in metformin group as compared to patients taking D-chiro-inositol (4.90 ± 0.09). A positive correlation was found between HbA1c and LH in metformin, &amp; HbA1c and FSH in D-chiro-inositol groups, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results indicate that D-chiro-inositol shows better results in reducing clinical variables involved in causing PCOS as compared to metformin whereas metformin has better glycemic control in PCOS patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 147-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47043063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of vericiguat on heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a review","authors":"Manisha Vohra,&nbsp;Mohammad Amir,&nbsp;Ian Osoro,&nbsp;Amit Sharma,&nbsp;Ranjeet Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Heart failure is a major public health issue with a prevalence of about 26 million people worldwide. Reduced nitric oxide availability, lower soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) activity, and decreased cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production are the causes of HF's development. Vericiguat prescribed under the brand name Verquvo was approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in January 2021. It is a novel agent and the first sGC stimulator which helps to treat patients suffering from heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The mechanism of action (cGMP pathway) of vericiguat, its clinical trials, its use in the treatment of heart failure, and its possible future aspects in therapeutic recommendations are all covered in this review. It will also raise awareness amongst healthcare professionals about the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, dosing, administration, and drug-related problems of this new drug.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Various databases for drug review were used in this review like PubMed, Medline, Google scholar, Drug bank, U.S. FDA, Medscape, and European society of cardiology guidelines. A total of 58 articles were screened out of which 39 articles were included in this review.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This review discusses vericiguat's mechanism of action (cGMP pathway), clinical studies, application in the treatment of heart failure, and potential future considerations in therapeutic recommendations. It will also educate healthcare professionals about the new drug's pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, dose, administration, and drug-related problems.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>After hospitalization for HFrEF, the 5-year survival rate is just 25%, and disease morbidity and death are still significant. As adjunctive therapy for individuals with heart failure and a low ejection fraction, vericiguat has a moderate level of effectiveness. Vericiguat's efficacy as an adjunct therapy to different drugs used to cure HF has to be further investigated. Vericiguat's safety and dosage in patients who have severe renal or hepatic illness need to be studied further.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 123-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42513199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug utilization evaluation of medications used in the management of neurological disorders","authors":"Meghana Upadhya ,&nbsp;Nivya Jimmy ,&nbsp;Jesslyn Maria Jaison ,&nbsp;Shahal Sidheque ,&nbsp;Harsha Sundaramurthy ,&nbsp;Nemichandra S C ,&nbsp;Shasthara Paneyala ,&nbsp;Madhan Ramesh ,&nbsp;Jehath Syed ,&nbsp;Nikita Pal ,&nbsp;Sri Harsha Chalasani","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and object</h3><p>The burden of neurological disorders in India is expected to increase due to the rapid demographic and epidemiological transition, with irrational drug use, which is also a global concern. Thus, drug utilization evaluation is designed to ensure appropriate medicine use within the healthcare settings. The aim of the study was to assess the rate and pattern of drug utilization in the management of neurological disorders.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A hospital-based cross-sectional drug utilization evaluation study on neurological drugs was carried out at the Department of Neurology over a span of six months. All legible prescriptions consisting neurological medications irrespective of patient's gender, aged ≥ 18 years were included for the study. The World Health Organization (WHO) core drug use indicators were used to assess the drug prescribing and utilization patterns.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 310 prescriptions were reviewed, where male predominance was found to be 56.45%. Out of 310 prescriptions, drugs belonging to 26 neurological classes were prescribed for the management of various neurological disorders. The majority of patients were diagnosed with epilepsy and the most prescribed drugs per patient were phenytoin (14.8%) and valproic acid (6.45%). By following the WHO core drug prescribing indicators, 65.47% of drugs prescribed from the India <em>National List of Essential Medicines, 2022</em>, followed by 29.83% of drugs prescribed in generic name and 10.86% of prescriptions including injections.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study findings showed that the prescribing pattern in the Department of Neurology was in accordance with the WHO core prescribing indicators. But, the extent of polypharmacy prescriptions was very high. Therefore, interventions are very necessary to promote rational drug prescribing patterns and thus clinical pharmacists can contribute to assess and review the drug utilization pattern to optimize the drug therapy and improvement in patient safety.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 153-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43519902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between body mass index and body fat measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Xiaomin Sun ,&nbsp;Na Yan ,&nbsp;Wen Peng ,&nbsp;Tuan T Nguyen ,&nbsp;Lu Ma ,&nbsp;Youfa Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>We examined the association between body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%) measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) among adults and children in China.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We searched four databases–PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and Vip for studies published in the past 22 years. Meta-analysis was conducted using random- or fixed-effect models.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total of 21 studies met inclusion criteria and were included in review, and 17 ot them in meta-analysis. They were conducted across China. Their sample size ranged from 62 to 5 726, and participants’ age ranged from 6‒80 years. Meta-analysis revealed strong associations between BMI and BF% measured by DXA in adults (pooled <em>r</em> = 0.71, 95% <em>CI</em>: 0.66 to 0.74) and children (pooled <em>r</em> = 0.60, 95% <em>CI</em>: 0.52 to 0.68). The association was stronger in Northern China than in East China in children (<em>β</em> = −0.40, 95% <em>CI</em>: −0.65 to −0.14) and in Central China in adults (<em>β</em> = −0.25; 95% <em>CI</em>: −0.51 to −0.01). Urban children's BMI was strongly associated with BF% than rural (<em>β</em> = 0.19; 95% <em>CI</em>: 0.04 to 0.35), whereas it was stronger in adults living in rural than in urban (<em>β</em> = −0.35; 95% <em>CI</em>: −0.66 to −0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>BMI was strongly associated with BF% measured by DXA, and the association in children and adults in China varied by residence and region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 61-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41522245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weighing in on monkeypox against the criteria of public health emergency","authors":"Emmanuel Lamptey","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The monkeypox, a viral zoonotic disease usually found in forest areas of Central and Western Africa, has spread worldwide through new modes of transmission little understood. The WHO on 23 July 2022, declared the virus a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC).The declaration has stirred criticism from leading scientists that the criteria for PHEIC as defined by International Health Regulation have not been met and it is non-transparent and contradictory. This paper reviews the criteria of PHEIC and weighs the rationales behind the declaration to increase the clarity of the WHO's decision, justifications, and legitimacy in the ongoing outbreak.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 117-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10122772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9711579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and validity of the hidden hunger assessment scale in China-revised for high school students","authors":"Ning Zhang ,&nbsp;Minao Wang ,&nbsp;Yuchen Zhang ,&nbsp;Huake Cao ,&nbsp;Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Yuhang Shi ,&nbsp;Yang Pei ,&nbsp;Feixiang Yang ,&nbsp;Yinan Du","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Hidden hunger remains a severe public health problem that affects millions of people worldwide. In China, challenges related to dietary imbalance and hidden hunger persist. Micronutrient inadequacy deserves more attention among adolescents, given its vital role in their growth and development; however, this problem appears to have been largely ignored. High school students, in particular, are often at a high risk of hidden hunger but have limited assessment tools available. Therefore, this study aims to revise the hidden hunger assessment scale for high school students (HHAS-HSS) in China and assess its reliability and validity.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Based on a literature review, expert consultation, pre-experiment, and formal survey, a hidden hunger assessment scale was revised for high school students. The formal survey involved 9 336 high school students in 11 of the 16 cities in Anhui Province, China, and 9 038 valid questionnaires were collected and included in the analysis. The item analysis, internal consistency reliability, test–retest reliability, content validity, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis of the HHAS-HSS were examined.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The HHAS-HSS included a total of 4 dimensions and 12 items: “vegetables and food diversity” (three items), “fruits and dairy products” (three items), “micronutrient-dense foods” (four items), and “health condition and eating habits” (two items). The results showed a Cronbach's alpha of 0.758, a split-half reliability of 0.829, and a test-retest reliability of 0.793, indicating good internal consistency. Using the Bartlett's test and Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin test (KMO) to test the exploratory factor analysis presented a four-factor model of the HHAS-HSS, the KMO value was 0.820 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), which indicated the possibility for factor confirmatory factor analysis. Using the maximum variance rotation method, four factors were obtained, and the cumulative variance explained rate was 57.974%. Confirmatory factor analysis also supported the division of the scale into four dimensions, and the fitting indices were χ² = 1417.656, χ²/df = 29.534, goodness-of-fit index = 0.974, adjusted goodness-of-fit index = 0.958, parsimonious goodness-of-fit index = 0.600, normed fit index = 0.938, incremental fit index = 0.940, Tucker–Lewis index = 0.917, comparative fit index = 0.939, and root mean square error of approximation = 0.056. Except for χ²/df, all the indices reached the fitting standard, and the above results showed that the construct validity of the scale reached an acceptable level.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The HHAS-HSS has good validity and reliability for Chinese high school students. It is a convenient self-report measure of hidden hunger risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 110-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47917022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of internet addiction among medical students in Casablanca: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Boubacar Traore ,&nbsp;Yassine Aguilo ,&nbsp;Samira Hassoune ,&nbsp;Samira Nani","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and determinants of Internet addiction among medical students at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Morocco.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was a cross-sectional study conducted among students at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy in Casablanca between October and March 2020. An online questionnaire was administered to students to collect data and internet addiction was assessed by the Young questionnaire. A score threshold ≥ 50 was adopted to define addiction. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with internet addiction.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of a total of 4 093 FMPC students enrolled in the 2020‒2021 academic year, 506 agreed to participate in this study, including 303 females and 203 males. The mean addiction score assessed on the Young scale was (49.08 ± 16.11). The prevalence of Internet addiction was 44.5% (225/506, 95% <em>CI</em>: 40% to 49%). Multiple regression analysis showed that being older than 20 years (<em>OR</em> = 0.17, 95% <em>CI</em>: 0.40 to 0.64), being female (<em>OR</em> = 1.70, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.04 to 2.78), being in the dissertation year (6th year) (<em>OR</em> = 5.17, 95% <em>CI</em>: 2.23 to 11.44), having a history of psychiatric consultation (<em>OR</em> = 2.64, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.34 to 5.21), having divorced parents (<em>OR</em> = 2.64, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.05 to 5.87), use of sleeping medication (<em>OR</em> = 2.9, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.05 to 3.70), sleep disorders (<em>OR</em> = 2.06, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.25 to 3.79), sleep deprivation (<em>OR</em> = 2.26, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.39 to 3.65), excessive daytime sleepiness (<em>OR</em> = 5.39, 95% <em>CI</em>: 2.19 to 13.24), anxiety disorders (<em>OR</em> = 1.47, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.18 to 2.30), duration of internet connection (&gt; 4 h) (<em>OR</em> = 11.43, 95% <em>CI</em>: 4.85 to 27.66), and having frequent conflicts with parents (<em>OR</em> = 2.37, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.49 to 3.79) and friends (<em>OR</em> = 0.26, 95% <em>CI</em>: 0.11 to 0.65) were independently associated with internet addiction.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The prevalence of Internet addiction among medical students in Casablanca remains high. Targeted action on the determinants would be of great value in prevention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 101-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48546616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors and strategies for prevention of depression, anxiety and eating disorders among adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: a review","authors":"Rea Pillai,&nbsp;Isha Patel,&nbsp;Rajesh Balkrishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2023.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this review is to identify prevalent trends and risk factors in depression, anxiety, and eating disorders in the adolescent population in the post coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) scenario. We examined the literature published on adolescent mental health since the COVID-19 pandemic. We chose to summarize studies published from 2019 to 2022, using bibliographic search tools. We developed criteria for selecting articles for our review using diagnostic indicators and keywords. Mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety and eating disorders are commonly prevalent in this population and have shown increasing rates in the past three years. Some risk factors associated with these diagnoses include reduction in social interaction, increased workloads, routine shifts, sleep quality, social media usage and parental involvement. Routines, sleep cycles, physical activity, and social media should all be considered as a part of prevention in this population. Approaches that seem to be successful include maintaining social ties and avoiding negative social media usage with harmful content. Increased global public awareness, as well as parental awareness, through media campaigns, is critical to slowing the spread of mental health challenges in adolescents and teenagers in the post-COVID-19 era.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 78-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10122953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9711584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}