Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)最新文献

{"title":"Determinants of overweight and obesity and preventive strategies in Pacific countries: a systematic review","authors":"Tanebu Julia Tong ,&nbsp;Masoud Mohammadnezhad ,&nbsp;Nasser Salem Alqahtani","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to explore more on contributing factors and prevention of overweight and obesity among Pacific islanders.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using Cochrane library guideline, four electronic databases, PubMed, Embase, Scopus and CINAHL, were systematically searched from 2010 to 2020. Search strategy included key concepts, free text terms, and database-controlled vocabulary terms to identify articles on determinants and preventative strategies of overweight and obesity in the Pacific countries. A data extraction sheet was developed to extract relevant information required for analysis and theme development for this study.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 22 articles were summarized and categorized. Determinants of overweight and obesity identified two themes: environmental related factors 13.6% (3/22) and sociocultural related factors 27.3% (6/22). The preventative strategies of overweight and obesity was categorized into behavioural change 22.7% (5/22), school-related 18.2% (4/22), and policies 50% (11/22). The quality assessment of articles showed “Good” 68.2% (15/22), and “Fair” 31.8% (7/22).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study highlighted two contributing, non-medication factors affecting overweight and obesity are both environmental and socio-cultural issues. Overweight and obesity preventative strategies identified in the Pacific context considered behavioural change, knowledge enhancement, and policy development. Further research should aim at exploring the current preventative strategies in-depth, to appreciate the most feasible and recommended preventative approach within the Pacific society.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 122-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2414644722000495/pdfft?md5=1fe5a1344d8a5f278718e889b1abfb47&pid=1-s2.0-S2414644722000495-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41649719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fighting obesity and non-communicable diseases needs different perspectives and new actions","authors":"Wen Peng ,&nbsp;Youfa Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 115-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2414644722000549/pdfft?md5=2aeacfa41c68de1065c91653c8ce073b&pid=1-s2.0-S2414644722000549-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47758174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity intervention efforts in China and the 2022 World Obesity Day","authors":"Wen Peng ,&nbsp;Jianduan Zhang ,&nbsp;Haixia Zhou ,&nbsp;An Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanxiang Wang ,&nbsp;Xiangyang Tian ,&nbsp;Deliang Wen ,&nbsp;Youfa Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Obesity has become a serious public health problem globally. China has the world's largest number of people with obesity or overweight. More than 50% of adults and about 20% of children and adolescents in China are overweight or obese. Over the past 20 years, China has made many efforts in obesity intervention, while obesity rates continued rising. In recent years, China has taken more actions for obesity prevention. The World Obesity Day (WOD) was established in 2015 by the World Obesity Federation, and is a unified day of action calling for a cohesive, cross-sector response to fight obesity. WOD has drawn increasing attention in recent years. China formally joined the WOD activities this year, promoted by The Obesity Prevention and Control Section of Chinese Nutrition Society, which cooperated closely with other organizations in carrying out a series of activities during the 2022 WOD. These efforts aimed to encourage the whole society to pay attention to the obesity problem and take more practical actions. The activities include: (1) The 2022 “World Obesity Day” China Summit; (2) a specifically developed WOD obesity prevention education video; and (3) the launch of <em>The Expert Consensus on Obesity Prevention and Treatment in China</em>. These can serve as examples for other organizations and countries to consider in future intervention efforts. To fight the global obesity epidemic, all counties and people need to act. Countries can learn from each other's successful practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 118-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2414644722000513/pdfft?md5=f4f3255986ebbe61546e209ab33f01db&pid=1-s2.0-S2414644722000513-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47782891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of nutritional education on knowledge, attitude and practice regarding anemia among school children in Belgaum, India","authors":"Adhikari Poudel Sasmita ,&nbsp;Angolkar Mubashir ,&nbsp;Naik Vijaya","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Anemia is a common public health problem throughout the globe with its main effect not only on health of people but also impact on socioeconomic development. A high prevalence of anemia among school children is an indication of a severe problem highlighting the necessity of proper action to prevent further deterioration. This study sought to study the impact of nutritional education on knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding anemia among school children.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This is an interventional study among school children of Kendriye Vidyalaya, No. 2 Belgaum district, India. Structured and self-administered questionnaires were used to know the knowledge, attitude and practice of student anemia. The data were analyzed using paired <em>t</em>-test and McNemar test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There was significant increment in the mean knowledge and attitude scores of the school children at the post-test evaluation.  Overall increase of 51.2% in mean score of knowledge and overall increase of 20.7% in mean score of attitudes was found (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Increase in frequency of consumption pattern of iron rich foods especially ragi, jaggery, green leafy vegetables and sprouted grains was reported.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The nutritional education resulted in improvement of knowledge and change in attitude regarding anemia as well as increase in consumption of foods rich in Iron. Therefore, nutritional education is one of the cost-effective and sustainable method for lowering the cases of anemia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 91-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2414644722000264/pdfft?md5=e8857746e3f01de31351b687e3703e0f&pid=1-s2.0-S2414644722000264-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48407749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced therapy of overweight or obese polycystic ovary syndrome: a prospective study","authors":"Min Min ,&nbsp;Xiangyan Ruan ,&nbsp;Alfred O. Mueck","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the effects of orlistat combined with drospirenone/ethinylestradiol tablets (DRSP/EE) on anthropometric indices, sexual hormones, hepatorenal function parameters of overweight or obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>75 overweight or obese PCOS patients [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m²] were recruited within the Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, from April 2019 to January 2020, for a prospective, randomized, open-labelled comparing study. They were numbered one by one according to the order of recruitement and randomly divided into two groups, group 1 included 50 patients, orlistat plus DRSP/EE; group 2 included 25 patients treated with DRSP/EE alone. Both groups got the same comprehensive intervention in terms of individualized, standardized managment and monitoring of life-style like diet and exercise. The changes of anthropometric indices, sexual hormones, hepatorenal function parameters before and after three months of treatment in the two groups were compared .</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After three months of treatment, body weight, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and BMI of both groups were significantly decreased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The decrease of body weight, WC, HC and BMI in group 1 was significantly greater than those in group 2 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Free testosterone and sex hormone–binding globulin in both groups were significantly changed (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). There was no significant difference in the hepatorenal function parameters between the two groups after three months treatment (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>To our knowledge our study is the first to investigate the effects of orlistat combined with DRSP/EE in overweight or obese PCOS patients comparing with the effect of using DRSP/EE alone. Orlistat combined with DRSP/EE was better than use DRSP/EE alone in getting weight loss, which provides an evidence for the choice of rational drug use in clinical practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 75-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S241464472200029X/pdfft?md5=998212a9c50fe5dc8c1119511bc9c5c4&pid=1-s2.0-S241464472200029X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43021682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of sexually transmitted infections among senior high school adolescents in the Wa Municipality of Ghana","authors":"Munawar Harun Koray ,&nbsp;Augustine Adomah-Afari ,&nbsp;Damien Punguyire ,&nbsp;Ambrose Naawa","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are responsible for a high burden of morbidity and mortality in many developing countries especially among adolescents. Adolescents are predisposed to STIs because they are more likely to engage in unhealthy lifestyles. However, these adolescents have limited knowledge of the use and barriers to sexual and reproductive health information and care services. This study explored the knowledge of STIs among Senior High School Adolescents in the Wa Municipality of Ghana.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>The study designed as a descriptive cross-sectional research. A multistage sampling technique was used to recruit these adolescents for the study. Totally 355 adolescents were selected from senior high schools in the Wa Municipality. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used to analyze the data, at a significance level of <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The majority of respondents had good knowledge of STIs, with the most common examples of STIs identified as HIV/AIDS (80.8%, 287/355) and gonorrhea (73.8%, 262/355). The main known signs and symptoms identified were discharges from the penis/vagina (72.4%, 257/355), painful urination (71.5%, 254/355), and itching, and sores around the genital area (72.7%, 258/355). The main sources of information/education of STIs for these adolescents were the school, hospital, internet and mother. Whom respondent lived with was found to be significantly associated with knowledge of STI (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Many of the respondents had good knowledge of STI, and the school was the most common source of information on STI. It is, therefore, important for the Ghana Education Service and the Ghana Health Service to strengthen the School Health Education Programme in second cycle institutions in the Wa Municipality. Parents, especially mothers, should be actively involved in the sexual health education of adolescents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 95-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2414644722000276/pdfft?md5=11db7fca2bf52aacd003f74905057e1b&pid=1-s2.0-S2414644722000276-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43143424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretation of expert consensus on prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women","authors":"Xiangyan Ruan,&nbsp;Jiaojiao Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 80-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2414644722000288/pdfft?md5=72392836208e4cabc96b8ea7a12c1cfd&pid=1-s2.0-S2414644722000288-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42621774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing menopausal hormone therapy: for treatment and prevention, menstrual regulation, and reduction of possible risks","authors":"Xiangyan Ruan ,&nbsp;Alfred O. Mueck","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is used to treat menopausal complaints including the genitourinary syndrome of menopause, to prevent osteoporosis, and to treat bleeding problems. Since these can be the indications also in young women, especially with POI (premature ovarian insufficiency) or with surgical menopause (bilateral oophorectomy), also the old term “Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)” is still used. The effective component is the estrogen component without relevant difference in the efficacy of the various MHT-preparations. Additional preventive benefits are reduction of cardiovascular disease (including prevention of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome), reduction of colon cancer, and perhaps also Alzheimer's disease, if started within a “window of opportunity”, i.e. in perimenopause or within 6–10 years after menopause.</p><p>Primary indication for progestogen addition is to avoid the development of estrogen-dependent endometrial cancer, i.e. addition not recommended in hysterectomized women. Two main schedules, sequential- or continuous-combined estrogen/progestogen regimens, are used for treatment of bleeding problems. For this and for optimizing menstrual regulation detailed recommendations are given including proposed dosages for the available different progestogens if added to oral or transdermal estradiol in different estrogen dosages.</p><p>The WHI-study demonstrated the main risks using MHT within a “worst-case scenario”, i.e. start of MHT in old women with high risk for breast cancer and cardiovascular diseases, whereby only “conjugated equine estrogens” and “medroxprogesterone acetate” have been tested. One main result was that the progestogen component is decisive for the risk of breast cancer, which according to own experimental research and observational studies may be reduced using the physiological progesterone or its isomer dydrogesterone. In addition we propose to push forward research for screening patients with increased breast cancer risk like we have done in the past decade demonstrating that certain membrane-bound receptors in breast cancer tissue or blood can increase this risk. To reduce the risk of venous thromboembolism and stroke, transdermal estradiol (gels, patches,) should be used, in free combination with progesterone or dydrogesterone as “golden standard” in patients with increased risk. To increase the compliance in our patients without special risks we mostly use the available fix-combinations of estradiol/dydrogesterone getting strong efficacy, good menstrual regulation or amenorrhea, respectively, but also other combinations may be indicated to take advantage of for example androgenic or antiandrogenic progestogens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 61-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2414644722000252/pdfft?md5=15fb2279191dd7baca5051833f2fc142&pid=1-s2.0-S2414644722000252-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49024412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management strategy of infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome","authors":"Meng Li ,&nbsp;Xiangyan Ruan ,&nbsp;Alfred O. Mueck","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disease in women of reproductive age. PCOS is characterized by ovulatory disruption, which can lead to infertility. Patients with PCOS are also more likely to have poor pregnancy outcomes. For obese women, lifestyle interventions are recommended first, which have general health benefits. For women who have difficulty changing their lifestyle, drugs for the treatment of obesity or bariatric surgery could be considered. Clomiphene citrate is the first-line medication after weight loss that has been utilized in the past. Letrozole is supplanting clomiphene as the best option for ovulation induction for now, particularly in patients with PCOS. Metformin can improve ovulation and pregnancy rates; however, it has minimal effects in terms of raising live birth rates. Second-line therapies include gonadotropins and laparoscopic ovary drilling. In vitro fertilization can be utilized as a third-line treatment for patients with PCOS who have failed ovulation induction therapy or have other infertility factors. In summary, to achieve fertility, patients with PCOS require standardized individualized therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 70-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2414644722000240/pdfft?md5=bf145da05e819a1ad9be6bff99a4b857&pid=1-s2.0-S2414644722000240-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41966635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gynecological endocrinological health and education for global women","authors":"Xiangyan Ruan ,&nbsp;Jiaojiao Cheng ,&nbsp;Alfred O. Mueck","doi":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glohj.2022.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73164,"journal":{"name":"Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 59-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2414644722000306/pdfft?md5=5a3c7360db256d0be77dac6dbfdd235e&pid=1-s2.0-S2414644722000306-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44061568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}