Gastro hep advances最新文献

{"title":"Adenosine Receptor 3 in Liver Cancer: Expression Variability, Epigenetic Modulation, and Enhanced Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Effects","authors":"Louise Kaldjob-Heinrich ,&nbsp;Sandro Nuciforo ,&nbsp;Steffen Lemke ,&nbsp;Aaron Stahl ,&nbsp;Stefan Czemmel ,&nbsp;Sepideh Babaei ,&nbsp;Lauriane Blukacz ,&nbsp;Marie-Anne Meier ,&nbsp;Yizheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Christian M. Schürch ,&nbsp;Irene Gonzalez-Menendez ,&nbsp;Pascal Woelffing ,&nbsp;Nisar P. Malek ,&nbsp;Veit Scheble ,&nbsp;Sven Nahnsen ,&nbsp;Manfred Claassen ,&nbsp;Markus Templin ,&nbsp;Hans Bösmüller ,&nbsp;Markus H. Heim ,&nbsp;Daniel Dauch ,&nbsp;Michael Bitzer","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Primary liver cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), has low response rates to existing treatments, highlighting the urgent need for novel treatment options. Adenosine A3 receptor (ADORA3) signaling has emerged as a potential target. Namodenoson, an ADORA3 agonist, has shown promise in early clinical trials for HCC. However, further data are required to clarify ADORA3 expression patterns in liver cancer, mechanisms of action, and the potential for combination therapies to inform patient selection for future clinical trials.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patient-derived tissue microarrays and RNA-sequencing were employed to investigate ADORA3 expression. Cellular responses to ADORA3 stimulation and combination treatments were studied in HCC and CCA cell lines and patient-derived organoids (PDOs). Genome-wide RNA-Seq analysis, mRNA analysis, and DigiWest protein profiling were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Tissue microarray analysis revealed higher ADORA3 expression in nonmalignant samples and a subset of tumors with weak or absent ADORA3 expression. This was supported by RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and needle biopsy samples. Cell lines and PDOs exhibited antiproliferative effects with the ADORA3 agonist Namodenoson, confirmed by receptor dependency tests with specific antagonists and siRNA experiments. Genome-wide RNA-Seq analysis suggested chromatin remodeling events after ADORA3 stimulation. mRNA expression and DigiWest profiling identified downregulation of histone deacetylases and histone H3 modifications. Combination treatments with different ADORA3 agonists and histone deacetylase inhibitors significantly enhanced antiproliferative effects in almost all selected combinations, supported by investigations in PDOs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ADORA3 expression varies considerably in HCC or CCA, ranging from high to absent receptor detection. This observation might help to identify patients for clinical studies. Additionally, Namodenoson’s epigenetic modulating activity suggests epigenetic drugs as promising candidates for combination treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perindopril-Induced Collagenous Colitis: Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Eddy Fares,&nbsp;Weam El Hajj,&nbsp;Stéphane Nahon,&nbsp;Gilles Macaigne","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report the first case of collagenous colitis attributed to perindopril use, in a 90-year-old woman. The patient developed diarrhea with hypokalemia, 3 weeks after perindopril was introduced in her medications for uncontrolled hypertension. Significant thickening of the basal epithelial membrane (up to 80 μm) was found on random colon biopsies. Diarrhea resolved within 3 days after perindopril withdrawal. Four months later, left colon biopsies revealed a normalization of the basal membrane thickness. The intrinsic imputability of perindopril as the causative agent of microscopic colitis is considered to be reasonable by the French accountability technique. There was no rechallenge test conducted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100554"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supine-Position Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography for a Patient With Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities","authors":"Kimitoshi Kubo ,&nbsp;Issei Ashida ,&nbsp;Noriko Kimura","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.06.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.06.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100507"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141710315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Are TikTok Users Saying About Colorectal Cancer? An Examination of Content, Quality, and Emerging Themes","authors":"Bharathi Selvan,&nbsp;Melissa M. Tran,&nbsp;Christine O’Connell,&nbsp;Julius M. Wilder","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11714384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Portal Vein Recanalization Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt for Noncirrhotic Chronic Portal Vein Thrombosis Leading to Successful Pregnancy: Case Report","authors":"Andy Yu ,&nbsp;Gabriel M. Knight ,&nbsp;Justin Boike ,&nbsp;Bartley Thornburg ,&nbsp;Riad Salem","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Portal vein recanalization transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (PVR-TIPS) is a safe and effective procedure for decompression of portal hypertension (PH). In this short case series, 2 women with chronic noncirrhotic portal vein thrombosis were treated with PVR-TIPS. Both patients hoped to conceive. Without treatment for their PH, their pregnancies posed a significant risk of life-threatening variceal bleeding. Both patients tolerated the procedure well and delivered without complications of PH. In future cases of noncirrhotic portal vein thrombosis in patients hoping to conceive, PVR-TIPS should be considered for definitive treatment of PH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100546"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11713488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Text Message System for the Prediction of Colonoscopy Bowel Preparation Adequacy Before Colonoscopy: An Artificial Intelligence Image Classification Algorithm Based on Images of Stool Output","authors":"Chethan Ramprasad ,&nbsp;Divya Saini ,&nbsp;Henry Del Carmen ,&nbsp;Lev Krasnovsky ,&nbsp;Rajat Chandra ,&nbsp;Ryan Mcgregor ,&nbsp;Russell T. Shinohara ,&nbsp;Eric Eaton ,&nbsp;Meghna Gummadi ,&nbsp;Shivan Mehta ,&nbsp;James D. Lewis","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Inadequate bowel preparation which occurs in 25% of colonoscopies is a major barrier to the effectiveness of screening for colorectal cancer. We aim to develop an artificial intelligence (machine learning) algorithm to assess photos of stool output after bowel preparation to predict inadequate bowel preparation before colonoscopy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients were asked to text a photo of their stool in the commode when they believed that they neared completion of their colonoscopy bowel preparation. Boston Bowel Preparation Scores of 7 and below were labeled as inadequate or fair. Boston Bowel Preparation Scores of 8 and 9 were considered good. A binary classification image-based machine learning algorithm was designed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In a test set of 61 images, the binary classification machine learning algorithm was able to distinguish inadequate/fair preparation from good preparation with a positive predictive value of 78.6% and a negative predictive value of 60.8%. In a test set of 56 images, the algorithm was able to distinguish normal colonoscopy duration (&lt;25 minutes) from long colonoscopy duration (&gt;25 minutes) with a positive predictive value of 78.6% and a negative predictive value of 65.5%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients are willing to submit photos of their stool output during bowel preparation through text messages before colonoscopy. This machine learning algorithm demonstrates the ability to predict inadequate/fair preparation from good preparation based on image classification of stool output. It was less accurate to predict long duration of colonoscopy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11760837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Varying Histology of Hepatic Sarcoidosis and the Relation of Bile Duct Damage and Loss to the Presence of Portal Hypertension and Cirrhosis","authors":"Divya B. Dasani ,&nbsp;Maria Isabel Fiel ,&nbsp;Camila C. Simoes ,&nbsp;Adam S. Morgenthau ,&nbsp;Thomas D. Schiano","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by nonnecrotizing granulomas. Studies suggest 20%–70% of patients with sarcoidosis have abnormal liver chemistries or abdominal imaging. Hepatic sarcoidosis may be complicated by portal hypertension (portal HTN) with or without cirrhosis. Few studies have reviewed the liver histopathology of sarcoidosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Searching the pathology database using the terms “sarcoidosis” and “liver,” patients were identified and cross-referenced to patients in the Sarcoidosis Clinic. Patients met the diagnostic criteria for sarcoidosis. Those with isolated granulomatous hepatitis were excluded. Demographics, abdominal imaging, biochemistries, and detailed histological features were cataloged.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients were separated into 2 groups: those with portal HTN with or without cirrhosis (pHTN+) and those without portal HTN (pHTN-). Fifty-three patients had biopsies available for review (pHTN+, n = 33; pHTN-, n = 20). The groups did not differ in the location, type, or number of granulomas. The pHTN + group had more bile duct damage (<em>P</em> = .025) and loss (<em>P</em> = .019). Patients in the pHTN + group also had biliary cirrhosis, nodular regenerative hyperplasia, or outflow obstruction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There are several causes for portal HTN in sarcoidosis. Thus, liver biopsy is essential in its evaluation. Bile duct damage and loss are associated with the presence of portal HTN and cirrhosis. Biliary abnormalities may occur independently of granulomatous inflammation, and can thus identify a subset of patients at risk for progressive liver disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100561"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent Respiratory Distress Caused by Temporary Herniation of Transverse Colon Into Hiatal Hernia in Patient With Kyphosis","authors":"Hideaki Kazumori","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773458/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Example of Implementing Screening of Liver Fibrosis in Specialist Diabetes Care","authors":"Muna Tajudin ,&nbsp;Hannes Hagström ,&nbsp;Sophia Rössner","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.10.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.10.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) constitute a risk group for presence and severity of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Yet, there are few published examples of collaborations between endocrinologists and hepatologists in caring for patients with T2D and MASLD. Here, we describe a pathway for screening of liver fibrosis in routine specialist diabetes care at a tertiary care hospital.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients with T2D seen at the Endocrinology department at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, during a structured intervention for T2D between October 2016 and September 2023 were eligible for inclusion. Liver stiffness measurements (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) as proxies for liver fibrosis and steatosis, respectively, were obtained utilizing vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE). An LSM cut-off to exclude advanced fibrosis was set to &lt;8 kPa. Presence of MASLD was defined as a CAP value of CAP ≥ 294 dB/m.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 177 patients with a valid LSM were included. The median age was 60 years and 60% were women. The median LSM was 5.8 (interquartile range 4.6–8.1) kPa, and the median CAP was 306 (258–362) dB/m. In total, 27% had LSM ≥8 kPa and 11% had LSM ≥12 kPa. MASLD was present in 55%. The clinical score for aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, age, platelet count had a low sensitivity for identifying patients with VCTE measurements above 8 kPa (34%) and 12 kPa (37%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provides an example of a productive partnership between endocrinologists and hepatologists using direct VCTE measurements, leading to the identification of a significant number of patients with presumed advanced fibrosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11788731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover: Properties of Human Colonic Myenteric Neurons Differ Depending on Age, Disorder, and Colonic Region","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100616","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100616"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}