Gastro hep advances最新文献

{"title":"Metabolomic Signatures Highlight Fiber-Degrading Bacteroides Species in Mediterranean Diet Response Among Ulcerative Colitis","authors":"Natasha Haskey ,&nbsp;Jiayu Ye ,&nbsp;Jessica Josephson ,&nbsp;Maitreyi Raman ,&nbsp;Sanjoy Ghosh ,&nbsp;Deanna L. Gibson","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.100606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.100606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>The Mediterranean diet pattern (MDP) is associated with health-associated gut microbes and metabolites. However, the impact of the MDP on the fecal metabolome in ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear. We characterized the fecal metabolome of patients with UC with high adherence to the MDP compared to the Canadian habitual diet (CHD). Furthermore, we explored potential differences in the fecal metabolome between dietary responders and nonresponders to the MDP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Utilizing untargeted metabolomics on a subset of fecal samples obtained from a randomized controlled trial, adult patients with quiescent UC underwent a 12-week intervention following either the MDP (n = 8) or CHD (n = 8). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was employed to profile endogenous fecal metabolites, while 16S amplicon sequencing was utilized to profile the fecal microbiota.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 701 human metabolites were detected, with 35 exhibiting significant differential expression between the MDP and CHD groups. Noteworthy, folate biosynthesis, sphingolipid biosynthesis, and steroid biosynthesis were identified as major pathways affected. Moreover, microbial analysis showed that individuals with increased levels of the class Bacteroidia (<em>Bacteroides vulgatus</em> [<em>B. vulgatus</em>], <em>B</em>. <em>uniformis</em>, <em>and B</em>. <em>acidifaciens</em>) in their stool at baseline were more likely to respond to the MDP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>High adherence to an MDP is associated with beneficial metabolite changes associated with reducing inflammation in UC. In addition, fiber-degrading microbes abundant before dietary intervention played a role in the responsiveness to the MDP. This work lays the groundwork for developing a metabolic signature associated with the MDP to develop personalized nutrition strategies for UC prevention and treatment. <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> Number: <span><span>NCT03053713</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100606"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenosine Receptor 3 in Liver Cancer: Expression Variability, Epigenetic Modulation, and Enhanced Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Effects","authors":"Louise Kaldjob-Heinrich ,&nbsp;Sandro Nuciforo ,&nbsp;Steffen Lemke ,&nbsp;Aaron Stahl ,&nbsp;Stefan Czemmel ,&nbsp;Sepideh Babaei ,&nbsp;Lauriane Blukacz ,&nbsp;Marie-Anne Meier ,&nbsp;Yizheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Christian M. Schürch ,&nbsp;Irene Gonzalez-Menendez ,&nbsp;Pascal Woelffing ,&nbsp;Nisar P. Malek ,&nbsp;Veit Scheble ,&nbsp;Sven Nahnsen ,&nbsp;Manfred Claassen ,&nbsp;Markus Templin ,&nbsp;Hans Bösmüller ,&nbsp;Markus H. Heim ,&nbsp;Daniel Dauch ,&nbsp;Michael Bitzer","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Primary liver cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), has low response rates to existing treatments, highlighting the urgent need for novel treatment options. Adenosine A3 receptor (ADORA3) signaling has emerged as a potential target. Namodenoson, an ADORA3 agonist, has shown promise in early clinical trials for HCC. However, further data are required to clarify ADORA3 expression patterns in liver cancer, mechanisms of action, and the potential for combination therapies to inform patient selection for future clinical trials.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patient-derived tissue microarrays and RNA-sequencing were employed to investigate ADORA3 expression. Cellular responses to ADORA3 stimulation and combination treatments were studied in HCC and CCA cell lines and patient-derived organoids (PDOs). Genome-wide RNA-Seq analysis, mRNA analysis, and DigiWest protein profiling were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Tissue microarray analysis revealed higher ADORA3 expression in nonmalignant samples and a subset of tumors with weak or absent ADORA3 expression. This was supported by RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and needle biopsy samples. Cell lines and PDOs exhibited antiproliferative effects with the ADORA3 agonist Namodenoson, confirmed by receptor dependency tests with specific antagonists and siRNA experiments. Genome-wide RNA-Seq analysis suggested chromatin remodeling events after ADORA3 stimulation. mRNA expression and DigiWest profiling identified downregulation of histone deacetylases and histone H3 modifications. Combination treatments with different ADORA3 agonists and histone deacetylase inhibitors significantly enhanced antiproliferative effects in almost all selected combinations, supported by investigations in PDOs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ADORA3 expression varies considerably in HCC or CCA, ranging from high to absent receptor detection. This observation might help to identify patients for clinical studies. Additionally, Namodenoson’s epigenetic modulating activity suggests epigenetic drugs as promising candidates for combination treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perindopril-Induced Collagenous Colitis: Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Eddy Fares,&nbsp;Weam El Hajj,&nbsp;Stéphane Nahon,&nbsp;Gilles Macaigne","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report the first case of collagenous colitis attributed to perindopril use, in a 90-year-old woman. The patient developed diarrhea with hypokalemia, 3 weeks after perindopril was introduced in her medications for uncontrolled hypertension. Significant thickening of the basal epithelial membrane (up to 80 μm) was found on random colon biopsies. Diarrhea resolved within 3 days after perindopril withdrawal. Four months later, left colon biopsies revealed a normalization of the basal membrane thickness. The intrinsic imputability of perindopril as the causative agent of microscopic colitis is considered to be reasonable by the French accountability technique. There was no rechallenge test conducted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100554"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Statin, Metformin, and Aspirin Use With Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the All of Us Research Program","authors":"Erik Almazan ,&nbsp;Raymond T. Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100535"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11699276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Order Set on Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency in Chronic Pancreatitis, Pancreatic Cancer, and Pancreatic Resection","authors":"Michael Ladna ,&nbsp;Ishaan Madhok ,&nbsp;Adnan Bhat ,&nbsp;Nicole Ruiz ,&nbsp;Jackson Brown ,&nbsp;Jake Wilson ,&nbsp;Peter Jiang ,&nbsp;Robert Taylor ,&nbsp;Mark Radetic ,&nbsp;John George ,&nbsp;Christopher Forsmark","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Enzyme insufficiency (EPI) is common in chronic pancreatitis (CP), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and after pancreatic resection. 40%–50% of CP patients and 70%–80% of PDAC patients develop EPI. 1/3rd of these patients are prescribed Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT), often at an inadequate dose, with evidence that this leads to increased morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to develop and implement an EPIC-based best practice alert (BPA) and smart set to improve the management of EPI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis of all patients with International Classification of Diseases codes for EPI, CP, and PDAC or CPT code for pancreatic resection from Feb-2018 to Feb-2021. Appropriate use of PERT was defined as ≥ 40,000 units of lipase with each meal. The BPA and smart set were implemented into the electronic medical record in Feb-2020. The BPA fired if the patient was already on PERT or if an order for PERT was placed and directed the clinician to the smart set which provided PERT formulations each prefilled to the minimum therapeutic dose of 40,000 units of lipase.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A significant increase in the proportion of patients on minimum therapeutic dose of PERT from 61.9% to 72.9% (<em>P</em> ≤ .001). Ordering of pancreatic elastase, A1c, vitamin D, and dual X-ray absorptiometry increased from 20.4% to 29.9% (<em>P</em> &lt; .001), 54.7%–62.1% (<em>P</em> = .001), 30.9%–48.1% (<em>P</em> &lt; .001) and 10%–18% (<em>P</em> &lt; .001), respectively. The BPA triggered a total of 30,838 times resulting in the smart being opened a total of 624 (2.02%) times over 24 months.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The BPA and smart set were associated with an improvement in the diagnosis and management of EPI and related complications in CP, PDAC, and s/p pancreatic resection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100541"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11713485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleos(t)ide Analog Treatment Discontinuation in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Robert Gish ,&nbsp;Kosh Agarwal ,&nbsp;Anadi Mahajan ,&nbsp;Supriya Desai ,&nbsp;Saifuddin Kharawala ,&nbsp;Rob Elston ,&nbsp;Joyeta Das ,&nbsp;Stuart Kendrick ,&nbsp;Vera Gielen","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>The aim of this systematic literature review (SLR) was to examine outcomes and associated predictors following nucleos(t)ide analog (NA) treatment cessation in adult patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The SLR was conducted according to PRISMA methodology. All included studies were quality assessed using appropriate scales or checklists.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The SLR identified 145 studies. Cumulative rates of clinical relapse (40 studies), virological relapse (53 studies), biochemical relapse (10 studies) and retreatment events (14 studies) post NA cessation varied widely across studies (clinical relapse: 40%–65%, virological relapse: 75%–94%, biochemical relapse: 63%–73%, retreatment rates: 30%–78% at 24 and 144 weeks, respectively). Significant predictors with adequate evidence of clinical relapse included older age, male gender, and higher hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B virus DNA at baseline and end of treatment. HBsAg loss was reported in 25 studies, with overall median HBsAg loss rates ranging from 2% at 24 weeks (5 studies) to 11% at 192 weeks (2 studies) post NA cessation. There was adequate evidence for lower HBsAg level at baseline and end of treatment as a significant and consistent predictor of HBsAg loss.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There is considerable heterogeneity among studies of NA cessation. Data are currently incomplete to provide strong recommendations for NA cessation or to identify patients who may benefit most from this approach in clinical practice. Further studies are required to provide clearer guidelines, and tools to assess and monitor patients who may benefit from NA treatment cessation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11714690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol Relapse After Liver Transplantation: Risk Factors, Outcomes, and a Comparison of Risk Stratification Models","authors":"Karen Young ,&nbsp;Yuval A. Patel ,&nbsp;Benson Hoffman ,&nbsp;Sarah Peskoe ,&nbsp;Shein-Chung Chow ,&nbsp;Karli Erhart ,&nbsp;Jennifer Jackson ,&nbsp;Stephanie Garbarino","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Alcohol-related liver disease is a leading cause of liver transplantation (LT) in the United States; however, alcohol relapse remains a risk, and real-world assessment of relapse prediction scores is lacking. The primary aim of this study was to assess risk factors for alcohol relapse and compare effectiveness of pre-existing risk scores (e.g., Sustained Alcohol Use Post-Liver Transplant (SALT) and Harmful Alcohol Use Post-Liver Transplant (HALT) scores).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a retrospective chart review of 69 adults who underwent LT for alcohol-related liver disease at Duke University Hospital from January 1, 2018, to January 1, 2021. Outcome variables included relapse post-LT, severity of relapse, and graft dysfunction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty-seven patients with a median follow-up time of 43 months were included. Eighteen (27%) experienced alcohol relapse. Of those, 16 (89%) had heavy alcohol use and 3 of those patients (17%) experienced graft dysfunction. Factors significantly associated with relapse included younger age, prior relapse, significant psychiatric comorbidities, alcohol use after cirrhosis diagnosis, shorter abstinence before LT listing, and prior alcohol treatment program. When applying SALT and HALT scores, the area under the curve was 0.69 (95% confidence interval 0.53–0.85) and 0.66 (95% confidence interval 0.50–0.81), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In our cohort, heavy alcohol use before transplantation and legal issues did not predict relapse, which are common components of prediction scores. Less than 5% of patients had graft dysfunction due to relapse, suggesting good graft outcomes. While the HALT and SALT scores were validated in our cohort, our finding of additional significant predictors of relapse, in addition to previously reported risk factors providing protective effect, suggests opportunity for further optimization of prediction scores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100550"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xanthomatosis Coli Associated With Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease","authors":"Naoya Masuda ,&nbsp;Kenji Yamazaki ,&nbsp;Ryoji Kushima","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100692","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 8","pages":"Article 100692"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Childhood Experiences Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Dyspepsia in Patients Undergoing Upper Endoscopy","authors":"Rachel Zuzul ,&nbsp;Allison O. Taylor ,&nbsp;Caroline Labriola ,&nbsp;Frances Wang ,&nbsp;Grace Sekaya ,&nbsp;Tomi Akinyemiju ,&nbsp;Meira Epplein ,&nbsp;Katherine S. Garman","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Stress is a risk factor for dyspepsia; however, neither the type nor timing of stress exposures across the lifespan in this syndrome are well understood. We aimed to understand the association between both adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and experience of current life stress with dyspepsia by collecting and analyzing survey data from a racially diverse cohort of adult research patients presenting for upper endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Gastric Immune Response and Cancer Interception study is a cohort study that enrolled adults scheduled for esophagogastroduodenoscopy at an academic center and administered a detailed survey, including questions on ACEs, current adult stress, and dyspepsia symptoms. Endoscopy and pathology results were abstracted from the medical record. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine the association between stress exposures and dyspepsia outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 187 participants who completed dyspepsia questions, exposure to 2 or more ACEs compared to none was associated with over a two-and-a-half-fold increase in the odds of self-reported dyspepsia (age-adjusted odds ratio = 2.56; 95% confidence interval: 1.24–5.25), with the strongest association with ACE measures of childhood abuse. ACEs were also associated with epigastric pain syndrome (<em>P</em> &lt; .001) and mixed syndrome (<em>P</em> = .0001), but not with postprandial distress syndrome (<em>P</em> = .095). No association was found between current adult stress and dyspepsia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In patients undergoing endoscopy, exposure to multiple ACEs were associated with dyspepsia. These findings suggest that assessing ACEs in patients with dyspepsia could help provide additional insights into factors associated with dyspepsia symptoms beyond <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> infection and acid-related injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 7","pages":"Article 100680"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pearls From the Pros: Management of Refractory Microscopic Colitis","authors":"June Tome,&nbsp;Darrell S. Pardi","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100685","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 8","pages":"Article 100685"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}