Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)最新文献

{"title":"Long vs. short axial field-of-view PET scanners for brain imaging: a phantom study.","authors":"Laura Providência, Valentina Turmacu, Philipp Mohr, Chris W J van der Weijden, Rudi A J O Dierckx, Adriaan A Lammertsma, Charalampos Tsoumpas","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1856651","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1856651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long axial field-of-view (LAFOV) PET scanners offer substantially higher sensitivity compared to conventional short axial field-of-view (SAFOV) systems, potentially enabling reduced injected activity, shorter acquisition times, and improved signal-to-noise ratios in brain imaging. However, given the geometric differences between these systems, it is important to assess whether these differences impact image quality and quantitative accuracy before translating established SAFOV protocols to LAFOV systems. This study has two goals: (1) to compare image quality (IQ) metrics between a SAFOV PET scanner (Siemens Biograph Vision) and a LAFOV PET scanner (Siemens Biograph Vision Quadra) using a Hoffman brain phantom, and (2) to quantify the effective axial sensitivity gain provided by the LAFOV system for brain imaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two phantom experiments were performed: the first assessed IQ metrics and the influence of external background activity, while the second evaluated brain-specific sensitivity at different axial positions within the LAFOV scanner.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, IQ metrics were highly comparable between scanners and were minimally affected by external background activity. Positioning the phantom at the first detector ring of the LAFOV scanner yielded a 1.2-1.4 <math><mo>×</mo></math> sensitivity increase relative to the SAFOV system, whereas positioning it at the axial centre resulted in a sensitivity gain of up to 3.4 <math><mo>×</mo></math> .</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings indicate that LAFOV PET systems maintain quantitative consistency with SAFOV scanners while offering higher sensitivity. This supports the development of optimized PET imaging protocols to reduce injected activity and radiation exposure, thereby improving safety and enabling broader inclusion of vulnerable populations in brain PET studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":"6 ","pages":"1856651"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13328276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148392637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Driving clinical excellence through a management driven framework for integrating nuclear medicine into hospital ecosystems.","authors":"Chuangyan Zhai","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1837305","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1837305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Nuclear medicine (NM) often functions as an isolated diagnostic island within hospitals, resulting in the underutilization of high-value molecular imaging resources despite their significant clinical potential. This paper proposes a conceptual management-driven framework, termed the Management-Driven Integration Loop, to break down these silos and integrate NM into the broader hospital ecosystem to potentially enhance clinical decision-making and operational efficiency.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive integration framework was developed based on four strategic pillars: strategic resource allocation, process re-engineering, performance leverage, and brand building. The framework introduces specific administrative interventions, including the establishment of satellite workstations to improve clinical proximity, the creation of a Clinical-NM Liaison role to bridge interdisciplinary gaps, and the implementation of a multidimensional Total Performance Index (TPI) to align incentives.</p><p><strong>Framework components: </strong>Integration is envisioned through protocol-based clinical pathways embedded in electronic health records and structured Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) collaboration, ensuring NM expertise may inform treatment planning. The framework incorporates a continuous feedback loop to track clinical impact, including diagnostic upstaging and the avoidance of unnecessary procedures. By proposing a shift from volume-based metrics to the TPI, administrators can weight qualitative clinical contributions and interdisciplinary collaboration alongside traditional procedural throughput.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Transforming nuclear medicine into a central strategic asset requires deliberate administrative intervention. While implementation depends on overcoming institutional, technical, and regulatory barriers, this management-driven integration loop aims to bridge the gap between technological potential and clinical impact, improve patient outcomes through precision diagnostics, and strengthen institutional positioning as centers of excellence.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":"6 ","pages":"1837305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13311066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148354958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Availability, accessibility, and economic feasibility of radionuclide therapies in Africa: a systematic review and quantitative infrastructure analysis.","authors":"Efrah Ahmed Ibrahim","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1825650","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1825650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Africa faces a projected doubling of cancer burden by 2040, yet access to radionuclide therapies remains critically limited. This systematic review quantifies the availability, accessibility, and economic feasibility of therapeutic nuclear medicine across 54 African nations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study combined a PRISMA 2020-compliant systematic literature review with secondary database analysis. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and African Journals Online (January 2022-March 2026). Epidemiologic and infrastructure data were additionally obtained from GLOBOCAN 2022 and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Risk of bias was assessed using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for peer-reviewed studies and the AACODS checklist for gray literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2,847 records identified, 47 studies met the inclusion criteria. I-131 therapy for thyroid cancer is available in only 28/54 countries (51.9%), while Lu-177-PSMA for prostate cancer is available in only seven countries (13.0%). Local radiopharmaceutical production reduces therapy costs by 93%-96% compared with imported agents. Africa has approximately 0.18 nuclear medicine physicians per million population vs. 3.1 in Europe. The cost reduction ratio for local vs. imported Lu-177-PSMA is 1:28.3 (US$1,500-3,000 vs. US$42,500).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Radionuclide therapy availability in Africa is profoundly inadequate relative to disease burden. Economic modeling demonstrates that local production and regional hub models can achieve cost reductions exceeding 90%, making therapies economically feasible for resource-limited settings. Targeted investment in cyclotron infrastructure and workforce development is urgently needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":"6 ","pages":"1825650"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13275449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148297543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of reader experience on the time-saving potential of a novel computer-aided tool for Ann Arbor staging of pediatric hodgkin lymphoma.","authors":"Iryna Vasyliv, Michael Joseph Barrow, Lucia Baratto, Hyun Gi Kim, Vanessa Ricarda von Krüchten, Yashas Ullas Lokesha, Amir Hossein Sarrami, Marine Moeremans, Kip E Guja, Kristina Elizabeth Hawk, Heike E Daldrup-Link","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1843299","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1843299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate staging of Hodgkin lymphoma in children is important for selecting appropriate therapies. However, evaluation of Ann Arbor staging criteria on whole-body ¹⁸F-FDG PET scans is time-consuming and subject to reader-dependent variability.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine if a novel computer-aided staging tool can improve the time-efficiency and accuracy of Ann Arbor staging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>¹⁸F-FDG PET/MRI scans of fifty-six pediatric patients were divided into two groups with matched Ann-Arbor stages. Group 1 was staged via traditional inspection and Group 2 was staged with a newly developed web-based staging tool by one radiology resident, four radiologists and two nuclear medicine physicians. An additional radiologist and nuclear medicine physician jointly established the reference standard. The time to generate the Ann Arbor score was compared between group 1 and 2 with the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test, and agreement with the reference standard was assessed with Cohen's kappa analysis. In addition, staging time was correlated with reader experience level, measured as the number of PET cases interpreted per year, using linear regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Use of the tool significantly reduced Ann Arbor staging time (10.8 ± 6.33 min) compared to traditional staging without the tool (13.87 ± 8.16 min; <i>p</i> = 0.001). The greatest reduction in staging time was observed for the radiology resident (17.63 ± 2.3 min with the tool and 21.5 ± 3.3 without the tool), followed by radiologists (13.63 ± 2.5 min with the tool and 18.03 ± 2.6 without the tool), while no significant change was observed for nuclear medicine physicians (1.45 ± 0.82 min with the tool and 1.39 ± 1.12 without the tool). Agreement with the reference standard improved with tool assistance (<i>κ</i> = 0.616) compared to traditional staging without the tool (<i>κ</i> = 0.945 with the tool). Linear regression demonstrated a significant inverse association between reader experience and time saved using the tool (<i>β</i> = -0.812, <i>p</i> < 0.001; R² = 0.66), indicating greater benefit for less experienced readers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The computer-aided staging tool significantly improved time-efficiency and accuracy of Ann Arbor staging, especially for less experienced readers. We provide the tool as a freely accessible web resource.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":"6 ","pages":"1843299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13272467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148280039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological biodistribution of ¹⁸F-fluciclovine PET in the head: as a baseline for interpretation in patients with suspected glioma.","authors":"Yumi Abe, Ryogo Minamimoto, Naotoshi Fujita, Marina Higashi, Rintaro Ito, Katsuhiko Kato, Shoichi Deguchi, Fumiharu Ohka, Ryuta Saito, Shinji Naganawa","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1850254","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1850254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anti-1-amino-3-[¹⁸F] fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid (¹⁸F-fluciclovine; anti-3-[¹⁸F] FACBC) is an amino acid positron emission tomography (PET) tracer used for the evaluation of brain tumors in cases of suspected or diagnosed glioma. While its uptake characteristics in brain tumors have been reported, systematic data on background uptake in normal-appearing head tissues including extracranial structures remain limited. The purpose of this study was to characterize the background uptake of ¹⁸F-fluciclovine in intracranial and extracranial head tissues in patients with suspected malignant glioma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>¹⁸F-fluciclovine PET/CT images from 20 patients with suspected malignant glioma were retrospectively analyzed. Standardized uptake values (SUVs) were measured in 24 predefined head regions, and inter-regional differences were assessed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey's HSD <i>post hoc</i> test. Time-activity curves were generated in 15 patients for dynamic evaluation of temporal uptake patterns. In the overall cohort, 8 patients also underwent ¹¹C-methionine PET/CT, and SUVs were compared using paired t-tests and their correlations were assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Statistical significance was set at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>¹⁸F-fluciclovine uptake in the cerebral hemispheres was generally low, with the lowest SUV_mean observed in white matter (0.15 ± 0.04). Cortical uptake was uniformly low, with SUV_mean and SUV_peak of 0.28 ± 0.06 and 0.31 ± 0.07, respectively, and no significant interlobar differences. Among other brain regions, SUV_mean was highest in the cerebellar vermis (0.46 ± 0.09), followed by the pons, cerebellum, thalamus/basal ganglia, midbrain, and medulla. Dynamic imaging demonstrated low and stable brain uptake, whereas the pituitary and parotid glands exhibited early peak uptake followed by washout. In patients who also underwent ¹¹C-methionine PET, ¹¹C-methionine showed significantly higher uptake in all brain regions, whereas ¹⁸F-fluciclovine was higher in venous structures, skeletal muscle, and the nasal cavity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study establishes a detailed baseline of background ¹⁸F-fluciclovine uptake in normal-appearing intracranial and extracranial head tissues in patients with suspected glioma. These findings may facilitate the distinction between physiological and pathological uptake and inform the interpretation of ¹⁸F-fluciclovine PET in the assessment of brain tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":"6 ","pages":"1850254"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13269264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148274005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiopharmacy services in South African academic hospitals: implications for planning radiopharmacy services in Africa.","authors":"David Kimani, Beverley Summers, Lerato Mosima","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1822893","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1822893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nuclear medicine (NM) is being embraced by undeveloped countries as a specialty. Due to the high costs involved in establishing new NM and radiopharmacy centres, proper planning is essential. This study describes the pattern of radiopharmacy services and staffing in NM departments in South African Academic hospitals (SAAHs); which can aid planning of new NM and radiopharmacy centres in similar settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was retrospective, descriptive, and quantitative. An anonymized questionnaire was sent via Survey Monkey® to the nine SAAHs to determine nuclear medicine patient numbers by scan type, identify cameras, equipment, staffing levels, commonly used radiopharmaceuticals, and define the basic requirements for establishing new facilities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The response rate was 78% (7/9 hospitals). Average number of NM patients seen per hospital was 7,040 for 2022. All hospitals had SPECT-CT cameras; six had PET-CT cameras and one referred PET patients to a private hospital. All hospitals had NM physicians (range 2-13, average 5) and at least one medical physicist (range 1-4). Only two hospitals had radiopharmacists (only one in each).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To promote optimal patient services and support research in SAAHs, norms must be developed that are applicable to Africa. Appropriate staff quotas and equipment are required for the African setting to promote optimal use of radiopharmaceuticals and enable NMs to operate to their full potential. Key things to help in planning and establishing new radiopharmacy centers include; adopting centralized radiopharmaceutical production and aligning staffing with international guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":"6 ","pages":"1822893"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13167944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147944053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic impact of discordant lesions on [¹⁸F]FDG and [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT compared to histological FAP expression in neuroendocrine neoplasms.","authors":"Tim Jedamzik, Aleksander Kosmala, Stefan Kircher, Marieke Heinrich, Wiebke Schlötelburg, Andreas K Buck, Alexander Meining, Rudolf A Werner, Alexander Weich, Kerstin Michalski","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1777541","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1777541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>On dual-tracer positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with 2-deoxy-2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-D-glucose ([¹⁸F]FDG) and fibroblast activation protein inhibitor ([⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-04), discordant lesions (FDG+/FAPI-) in aggressive neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are linked to shorter progression-free survival (PFS). This study evaluated the prognostic value of such lesions in comparison to histological fibroblast activation protein (FAP) expression from a clinically obtained biopsy and their impact on PFS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>23 patients with aggressive NENs underwent both [¹⁸F]FDG and [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT as well as biopsy within a short period of time. PET parameters [standardized uptake values (SUV): SUVmax, SUVmean, SUVpeak] were measured, as were tumor volume (TV), and total lesion uptake (TLU = TV  ×  SUVmean). FDG+/FAPI- lesions were identified. FAP expression was assessed immunohistochemically using the immunoreactive score (IRS-FAP). Correlations between PET metrics, IRS-FAP, and FDG+/FAPI- lesions were analyzed. Cox regression and log-rank test were used to evaluate associations with PFS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IRS-FAP correlated significantly with TV ([¹⁸F]FDG: p=0.0165; [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-04: <i>p</i> = 0.0181) and TLU ([¹⁸F]FDG: <i>p</i> = 0.0170; [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-04: <i>p</i> = 0.0253). There was no significant correlation for IRS-FAP with SUV parameters. FDG+/FAPI- lesions were found in 9/23 patients and associated with significantly shorter PFS (4 vs. 10 months, HR: 3.383, <i>p</i> = 0.0015). [¹⁸F]FDG-TV and [¹⁸F]FDG-TLU correlated with PFS, but IRS-FAP showed no significant association with either PFS or FDG+/FAPI- lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FAP expression on immunohistochemistry obtained from a single biopsy site does not predict discordant PET/CT findings. In contrast, the presence of FDG+/FAPI- lesions is a strong prognostic factor for reduced PFS. Thus, dual-tracer PET/CT may offer superior risk stratification compared to single-lesion histological FAP assessment in aggressive NENs.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":"6 ","pages":"1777541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13106593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147791003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Five positive lesions on bilateral adrenal glands detected by a single ⁶⁸Ga-pentixafor PET/CT.","authors":"Ze Mao, Lu Zheng, Ranliang Hua, Detao Wu, Yaai Shi, Xinchao Zhang, Yujing Hu, Yanzhu Bian","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1676221","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1676221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary aldosteronism (PA) is an endocrine disorder caused by autonomous aldosterone hypersecretion from the adrenal zona glomerulosa, causing sodium retention, plasma volume expansion, and suppressed renin activity, manifesting as hypertension with/without hypokalemia. Aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs), a common PA subtype, are typically unilateral and solitary; bilateral involvement is rare. We report a patient with hypertension and bilateral multiple adrenal adenomas. ⁶⁸Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT proved crucial for detecting and subtyping lesions, highlighting its significant diagnostic utility for APA subtyping.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 62-year-old male presenting with nausea, generalized fatigue, and poorly controlled hypertension (10-year history; max BP 200/110 mmHg) was admitted. Bilateral adrenal CT, which revealed multiple bilateral adrenal adenomas, raised clinical suspicion for primary aldosteronism. To confirm the diagnosis, ⁶⁸Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT imaging was performed, which identified five nodules with varying intensities of tracer uptake bilaterally.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>⁶⁸Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT integrates structural and functional assessment, transcending the limitations of CT and adrenal vein sampling (AVS), thereby demonstrating substantial clinical value for evaluating multifocal or bilateral adrenal pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":"6 ","pages":"1676221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13106116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147791019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PET rapid image reconstruction challenge (PETRIC).","authors":"Casper da Costa-Luis, Matthias J Ehrhardt, Christoph Kolbitsch, Evgueni Ovtchinnikov, Edoardo Pasca, Kris Thielemans, Charalampos Tsoumpas","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1770002","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1770002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We describe the foundation of PETRIC, an image reconstruction challenge to minimise the computational runtime of related algorithms for Positron Emission Tomography (PET).</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Although several similar challenges are well-established in the field of medical imaging, there have been no prior challenges for PET image reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were provided with open-source software for implementation of their reconstruction algorithm(s). We defined the objective function and reconstruct \"gold standard\" reference images, and provided metrics for quantifying algorithmic performance. We also received and curated phantom datasets (acquired with different scanners, radionuclides, and phantom types), which we further split into training and evaluation datasets. The automated computational framework of the challenge is released as open-source software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four teams with nine algorithms in total participated in the challenge. Their contributions made use of various tools from optimisation theory including preconditioning, stochastic gradients, and artificial intelligence. While most of the submitted approaches appear very similar in nature, their specific implementation lead to a range of algorithmic performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As the first challenge for PET image reconstruction, PETRIC's solid foundations allow researchers to reuse its framework for evaluating new and existing image reconstruction methods on new or existing datasets. Variant versions of the challenge have and will continue to be launched in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":"6 ","pages":"1770002"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147679037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of Yttrium-90 radioembolization (TARE) in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Hongyin Lin, Quanhui Tan","doi":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1784215","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnume.2026.1784215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) using Yttrium-90 microspheres has emerged as a promising locoregional therapy for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the efficacy and safety of TARE compared to conventional treatments remain uncertain. This meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the survival outcomes and safety profile of TARE in advanced HCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science up to May 2025, following the PRISMA guidelines. Studies comparing TARE with conventional or systemic therapies in advanced HCC were included. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), and odds ratios (ORs) for adverse events (AEs) were calculated using random-effects models. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses explored the influence of study design, liver function (Child-Pugh, ALBI grade), and combined therapies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty studies encompassing over 10,000 patients were included. TARE significantly improved OS (pooled HR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.63-0.83) and PFS (pooled HR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.69-0.89) compared with controls. Rates of grade ≥3 adverse events were lower in the TARE group (pooled OR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.59-0.93). Subgroup analyses indicated consistent benefits across retrospective and prospective studies, and in patients with Child-Pugh A-B liver function. Meta-regression revealed that younger age and higher objective response rate were associated with improved outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TARE with Yttrium-90 microspheres confers significant survival benefits and acceptable safety in advanced HCC. These findings support the integration of TARE into multidisciplinary management strategies for advanced HCC, particularly in patients unsuitable for surgical or systemic therapies.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO (CRD420251163947).</p>","PeriodicalId":73095,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in nuclear medicine (Lausanne, Switzerland)","volume":"6 ","pages":"1784215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13044050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147624648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}