Frontiers in fungal biology最新文献

{"title":"Tridepsides as potential bioactives: a review on their chemistry and the global distribution of their lichenic and non-lichenic natural sources.","authors":"Hooman Norouzi, Mohammad Sohrabi, Masoud Yousefi, Joel Boustie","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2023.1088966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ffunb.2023.1088966","url":null,"abstract":"Tridepsides, as fully oxidized polyketides, have been known to exist in lichens for more than a century. Recent studies have showed that these possible defensive lichenochemicals possess various biological activities. Also, a candidate biosynthetic gene cluster was recently reported for gyrophoric acid (GA), an important tridepside. The present study focused on biosynthesis, natural sources, biological activities, and bioanalytical methods of tridepside molecules. Our survey shows that, so far, lichenic tridepsides have been reported from 37 families, 111 genera, and 526 species of lichen. Because many of their species contain tridepsides, the families Parmeliaceae, Lobariaceae, and Peltigeraceae can be considered critical lichenic sources of tridepsides. Furthermore, several species of Hypotrachyna in Parmeliaceae family showed lichenic tridepsides, suggesting that this genus is a viable source of tridepsides. This research also explored tridepsides from non-lichenic sources, such as non-lichenized fungi, lichenicolous fungi, endophytes, parasites, and liverworts, which offer substantial potential as biotechnological sources to produce tridepsides, which are produced in small amounts in lichen thalli. Two lichenic tridepsides have also been detected in non-lichenic sources: GA and tenuiorin (TE). Additionally, no significant correlation was found between tridepside biosynthesis and geographical distribution patterns for several potentially tridepside-producing lichens. We further showed that GA is the most studied tridepside with various reported biological activities, including anticancer, wound healing, photoprotection, anti-aging, antioxidant, cardiovascular effect, DNA interaction, anti-diabetes, anti-Alzheimer’s, anti-bacterial, and antifungal. Last but not least, this study provides an overview of some bioanalytical methods used to analyze tridepsides over the past few years.","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"4 ","pages":"1088966"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10512237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41142039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Exploring novel experimental systems to study the mechanistic basis of fungal infections.","authors":"Sara Gago, Mark S Gresnigt, Teresa Zelante","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2023.1195041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ffunb.2023.1195041","url":null,"abstract":"interactions, fungal pathogenicity mechanisms, and unknown fungal-microbiome connections.","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"4 ","pages":"1195041"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10512381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41164832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Fungal pathogens causing the grapevine trunk diseases- biology and identification.","authors":"Gonzalo A Díaz, Pierluigi Reveglia, Liliana Lucia Tomoiagă, Veronica Sanda Chedea","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2023.1186166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ffunb.2023.1186166","url":null,"abstract":"COPYRIGHT © 2023 Dı́az, Reveglia, Tomoiagă and Chedea. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. TYPE Editorial PUBLISHED 12 April 2023 DOI 10.3389/ffunb.2023.1186166","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"4 ","pages":"1186166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10512359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41169026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal biotechnology: From yesterday to tomorrow.","authors":"Mitchell G Roth,&nbsp;Nathaniel M Westrick,&nbsp;Thomas T Baldwin","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2023.1135263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ffunb.2023.1135263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungi have been used to better the lives of everyday people and unravel the mysteries of higher eukaryotic organisms for decades. However, comparing progress and development stemming from fungal research to that of human, plant, and bacterial research, fungi remain largely understudied and underutilized. Recent commercial ventures have begun to gain popularity in society, providing a new surge of interest in fungi, mycelia, and potential new applications of these organisms to various aspects of research. Biotechnological advancements in fungal research cannot occur without intensive amounts of time, investments, and research tool development. In this review, we highlight past breakthroughs in fungal biotechnology, discuss requirements to advance fungal biotechnology even further, and touch on the horizon of new breakthroughs with the highest potential to positively impact both research and society.</p>","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"4 ","pages":"1135263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10512358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41157928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the mycobiome and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with the rizosphere of the genus <i>Inga</i> in the pristine Ecuadorian Amazon.","authors":"Valentina Arévalo-Granda, Aileen Hickey-Darquea, Belén Prado-Vivar, Sonia Zapata, Jéssica Duchicela, Pieter van 't Hof","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2023.1086194","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ffunb.2023.1086194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explored the composition of the mycobiome in the rhizosphere of <i>Inga</i> seedlings in two different but neighboring forest ecosystems in the undisturbed tropical Amazon rainforest at the Tiputini Biodiversity Station in Ecuador. In terra firme plots, which were situated higher up and therefore typically outside of the influence of river floods, and in várzea plots, the lower part of the forest located near the riverbanks and therefore seasonally flooded, tree seedlings of the genus <i>Inga</i> were randomly collected and measured, and the rhizosphere soils surrounding the root systems was collected. Members of the Fabaceae family and the genus <i>Inga</i> were highly abundant in both forest ecosystems. <i>Inga</i> sp. seedlings collected in terra firme showed a lower shoot to root ratio compared to seedlings that were collected in várzea, suggesting that <i>Inga</i> seedlings which germinated in várzea soils could invest more resources in vegetative growth with shorter roots. Results of the physical-chemical properties of soil samples indicated higher proportions of N, Mo, and V in terra firme soils, whereas várzea soils present higher concentrations of all other macro- and micronutrients, which confirmed the nutrient deposition effect of seasonal flooding by the nearby river. ITS metabarcoding was used to explore the mycobiome associated with roots of the genus <i>Inga</i>. Bioinformatic analysis was performed using Qiime 2 to calculate the alpha and beta diversity, species taxonomy and the differential abundance of fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The fungal community represented 75% of the total ITS ASVs, and although present in all samples, the subphylum Glomeromycotina represented 1.42% of all ITS ASVs with annotations to 13 distinct families, including Glomeraceae (72,23%), Gigasporaceae (0,57%), Acaulosporaceae (0,49%). AMF spores of these three AMF families were morphologically identified by microscopy. Results of this study indicate that AMF surround the rhizosphere of <i>Inga</i> seedlings in relatively low proportions compared to other fungal groups but present in both terra firme and várzea Neotropical ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"4 ","pages":"1086194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10512398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41163680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidents of snake fungal disease caused by the fungal pathogen <i>Ophidiomyces ophidiicola</i> in Texas.","authors":"Alan J Lizarraga,&nbsp;Lezley Hart,&nbsp;R Michele Wright,&nbsp;Lance R Williams,&nbsp;Joseph S Glavy","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2023.1064939","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ffunb.2023.1064939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pathogen <i>Ophidiomyces ophidiicola</i>, widely known as the primary cause of snake fungal disease (SFD) has been detected in Texas's naïve snakes. Our team set out to characterize <i>O. ophidiicola's</i> spread in eastern Texas. From December 2018 until November 2021, we sampled and screened with ultraviolet (UV) light, 176 snakes across eastern Texas and detected 27<i>. O. ophidiicola's</i> positive snakes using qPCR and one snake in which SFD was confirmed <i>via</i> additional histological examination. Upon finding the ribbon snake with clear clinical display, we isolated and cultured what we believe to be the first culture from Texas. This cultured O<i>. ophidiicola</i> TX displays a ring halo formation when grown on a solid medium as well as cellular autofluorescence as expected. Imaging reveals individual cells within the septated hyphae branches contain a distinct nucleus separation from neighboring cells. Overall, we have found over 1/10 snakes that may be infected in East Texas, gives credence to the onset of SFD in Texas. These results add to the progress of the disease across the continental United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"4 ","pages":"1064939"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10512329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41166999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Fusarium verticillioides</i> of maize plant: Potentials of propitious phytomicrobiome as biocontrol agents.","authors":"Oluwadara Pelumi Omotayo, Olubukola Oluranti Babalola","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2023.1095765","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ffunb.2023.1095765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disease outbreaks have been recorded due to exposure to <i>Fusarium verticillioides</i> and fumonisin, a mycotoxin produced by this fungus. <i>F. verticillioides </i>is a fungal pathogen of maize that causes infections, such as wilting and rotting, while contact with its fumonisin derivative manifests in the form of mild to severe illnesses in humans and animals. Maize infection by <i>F. verticillioides</i> causes loss or reduction in expected crop yield, thereby influencing households and nations' economies. While several efforts have been made to control the pathogenic fungus and its occurrence in the environment, it remains a challenge in agriculture, particularly in maize production. Several microorganisms which are plant-associated, especially those associated with the rhizosphere niche have been noted to possess antagonistic effects against <i>F. verticillioides</i>. They can inhibit the pathogen and tackle its debilitating effects on plants. Hence this study reviews the use of rhizosphere-associated biocontrol agents, such as <i>Bacillus </i>spp.<i>, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter</i>, and <i>Microbacterium oleivorans</i> which forms part of the phytomicrobiome in other to prevent and control this toxicogenic fungus. These microorganisms were found to not only be effective in controlling its occurrence on maize plants but are environmentally safe and promote crop yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"4 ","pages":"1095765"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10512380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41157927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of candidemia due to multidrug-resistant <i>Candida auris</i>.","authors":"Daniele Roberto Giacobbe,&nbsp;Malgorzata Mikulska,&nbsp;Antonio Vena,&nbsp;Vincenzo Di Pilato,&nbsp;Laura Magnasco,&nbsp;Anna Marchese,&nbsp;Matteo Bassetti","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2023.1061150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ffunb.2023.1061150","url":null,"abstract":"COPYRIGHT © 2023 Giacobbe, Mikulska, Vena, Di Pilato, Magnasco, Marchese and Bassetti. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. TYPE Opinion PUBLISHED 02 February 2023 DOI 10.3389/ffunb.2023.1061150","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"4 ","pages":"1061150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10512377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41124623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Negative effects on the development of <i>Chrysodeixis includens</i> and <i>Spodoptera cosmioides</i> fed by peanut plants inoculated with entomopathogenic fungi.","authors":"Fernando Belezini Vinha,&nbsp;Luis Angel Chicoma Rojas,&nbsp;Cinara Ramos Sales,&nbsp;Natalia Sarmanho Monteiro Lima,&nbsp;Joacir Do Nascimento,&nbsp;Lucas Amoroso Lopes De Carvalho,&nbsp;Eliana Gertrudes De Macedo Lemos","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2022.968528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ffunb.2022.968528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent studies have shown that entomopathogenic fungi, as endophytes, can have beneficial effects on plants, protecting them from defoliating insects. The potential of endophytic association by entomopathogenic fungi with the peanut crop has been little explored. In our study, we conducted experiments by inoculation of peanut seeds through a soil drench method with nine strains/species of entomopathogenic fungi of the genera <i>Metarhizium</i>, <i>Beauveria</i> and <i>Cordyceps</i>, subsequently these plants were consumed by two larval pests, <i>Chrysodeixis includens</i> and <i>Spodoptera cosmioides</i>. The parameters of larval growth rates, mortality, foliar consumption and larval period were observed during the development of larvae. In addition, the endophytic capacity of these fungi in peanut plants and their persistence in soil were investigated. In two replicate greenhouse trials for each larva, peanut plants were inoculated with fungi by the soil-drench method. We evaluated the performance of <i>C. includens</i> and <i>S. cosmioides</i> feeding on inoculated peanut plants starting at the 2nd larval instar. The larval and pupal weights of <i>C. includens</i> and <i>S. cosmioides</i> were significantly different among the fungal treatment groups, where insects feeding on control plants exhibited higher larval and pupal weights than insects feeding on treated plants. The differences in larval period showed that Control larvae pupated faster than the larvae fed on fungal-inoculated plants, fungal treatments had a larval period of 3 to 5 days more than the control. The mortality rates of <i>C. includens</i> and <i>S. cosmioides</i> were significantly different among the fungal treatment groups, insects fed on Control plants exhibited higher survival than insects fed on fungal-inoculated plants. The persistence of all <i>Metarhizium</i> fungi was higher in the soil compared to other fungi, and only <i>Metarhizium</i> and <i>B. bassiana</i> IBCB215 emerged from the phyllosphere of peanut plants. Although the fungus Cordyceps presented the worst performance among the fungal treatments. Overall, our results demonstrate the negative effects on the development of <i>C. includens</i> and <i>S. cosmioides</i> that were fed on fungal-inoculated peanut plants, the best results recorded were for <i>Metarhizium</i> strains and the fungus <i>B. bassiana</i> IBCB215.</p>","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"3 ","pages":"968528"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10512306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41169024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of a gene cluster for the biosynthesis of novel cyclic peptide compound, KK-1, in <i>Curvularia clavata</i>.","authors":"Shigenari Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Tomonori Fujioka,&nbsp;Akira Yoshimi,&nbsp;Toshitaka Kumagai,&nbsp;Maiko Umemura,&nbsp;Keietsu Abe,&nbsp;Masayuki Machida,&nbsp;Kiyoshi Kawai","doi":"10.3389/ffunb.2022.1081179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ffunb.2022.1081179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>KK-1, a cyclic depsipeptide with 10 residues produced by a filamentous fungus <i>Curvularia clavata</i> BAUA-2787, is a promising pesticide active compound with high activity against many plant pathogens, especially <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>. As a first step toward the future mass production of KK-1 through synthetic biological approaches, we aimed to identify the genes responsible for the KK-1 biosynthesis. To achieve this, we conducted whole genome sequencing and transcriptome analysis of <i>C. clavata</i> BAUA-2787 to predict the KK-1 biosynthetic gene cluster. We then generated the overexpression and deletion mutants for each cluster gene using our originally developed transformation system for this fungus, and analyzed the KK-1 production and the cluster gene expression levels to confirm their involvement in KK-1 biosynthesis. As a result of these, a region of approximately 71 kb was found, containing 10 open reading frames, which were co-induced during KK-1 production, as a biosynthetic gene cluster. These include <i>kk1B</i>, which encodes nonribosomal peptide synthetase with a domain structure that is consistent with the structural features of KK-1, and <i>kk1F</i>, which encodes a transcription factor. The overexpression of <i>kk1F</i> increased the expression of the entire cluster genes and, consequently, improved KK-1 production, whereas its deletion decreased the expression of the entire cluster genes and almost eliminated KK-1 production, demonstrating that the protein encoded by <i>kk1F</i> regulates the expressions of the other nine cluster genes cooperatively as the pathway-specific transcription factor. Furthermore, the deletion of each cluster gene caused a reduction in KK-1 productivity, indicating that each gene is involved in KK-1 production. The genes <i>kk1A</i>, <i>kk1D</i>, <i>kk1H</i>, and <i>kk1I</i>, which showed a significant decrease in KK-1 productivity due to deletion, were presumed to be directly involved in KK-1 structure formation, including the biosynthesis of the constituent residues. <i>kk1C</i>, <i>kk1E</i>, <i>kk1G</i>, and <i>kk1J</i>, which maintained a certain level of KK-1 productivity despite deletion, were possibly involved in promoting or assisting KK-1 production, such as extracellular transportation and the removal of aberrant units incorporated into the peptide chain.</p>","PeriodicalId":73084,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in fungal biology","volume":"3 ","pages":"1081179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10512319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41170986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}