Frontiers in allergy最新文献

{"title":"The Acari Hypothesis, VI: human sebum and the cutaneous microbiome in allergy and in lipid homeostasis.","authors":"Andrew C Retzinger, Gregory S Retzinger","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1478279","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1478279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Acari Hypothesis posits that acarians, i.e., mites and ticks, are causative agents of IgE-mediated conditions. This report further develops The Hypothesis, providing rationale for the childhood predilection of allergy. In short, <i>Malassezia</i>, a fungus native to human skin and utterly dependent on sebaceous lipids, prevents allergy by deterring acarians. Because sebum output is limited before puberty, children are more prone to allergy than are adults. Competition for sebaceous lipids by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> influences not only <i>Malassezia</i> number-and, consequently, allergic predisposition-but also lipid homeostasis. The latter, in turn, contributes to dyslipidemia and associated conditions, e.g., the metabolic syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"5 ","pages":"1478279"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11617560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142788027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phototherapy as an alternative in the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria.","authors":"María Inés Giustozzi, Ana Clara Torre, Carla Ritchie, Claudio Alberto Salvador Parisi","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1468983","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1468983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is defined as the occurrence of hives, angioedema, or both, lasting for more than 6 weeks. The treatment is based on the use of antihistamines, omalizumab, and/or cyclosporine following a stepwise algorithm recommended by international guidelines with a high level of evidence. Nevertheless, management can be challenging as some patients do not respond to the suggested drugs or have difficulties accessing them for various reasons. In such cases, phototherapy has been reported as a potential treatment option. The evidence on the effectiveness of phototherapy is limited. Most studies have methodological limitations and involve small numbers of patients. A systematic review and meta-analysis of four studies in 2020 concluded that, despite the limited number of randomized controlled trials and the low level of evidence, considering overall efficacy, risk/benefit balance, and costs, narrow band ultraviolet B therapy (NB-UVB) may be a useful adjunct therapy for CSU. Other studies have suggested that the effectiveness of combined antihistamine and phototherapy appears to be more effective than antihistamine alone, although this is based on very low-quality evidence. Additionally, the risk of recurrence was lower with the combination therapy. The objective of this review was to evaluate the role of phototherapy in the treatment of CSU. While randomized studies with a larger number of participants providing a high level of evidence are still needed, we consider phototherapy to be a valuable tool in specific clinical contexts, such as a bridge to the initiation of other medications or until spontaneous remission of the condition occurs.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"5 ","pages":"1468983"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11617558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142788026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Household fuel use, smoking and prevalence of self-reported allergic rhinitis in university students in Palestine: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Nuha El Sharif, Lana Hnaihen","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1492213","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1492213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In Palestine, few studies investigated the prevalence of allergies and the factors associated with their occurrence. An online survey was conducted on health complex University students in Jerusalem to determine the prevalence of allergy rhinitis (AR) and its relationship with indoor environmental exposures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a modified online Google form of the Global Asthma Network's Adult Questionnaire. The data were reported as frequency and percentage. The chi-square test of independence was performed to investigate the association between AR diagnosis and other factors. Multivariable models were used to identify the independent risk factors for AR after adjusting for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data was collected from a total of 819 participants. The mean age of the participants was 20 ± 2 years and 78.1% (<i>n</i> = 640) were females. The AR diagnostic rate was 10.3%. In addition, having asthma and eczema were found to be substantially associated with AR. Additionally, a family history of AR and other allergens were major predictors of AR. The findings revealed that utilizing animal dung for heating increased the likelihood of AR fourfold (AOR = 4.870, <i>p</i>-value = 0.004), whereas e-cigarette vaping increased the possibility of AR by 2.5 times. However, using natural gas for cooking was not significantly associated with AR, and participant age was only slightly associated with AR diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study found that the AR prevalence rate is low when compared to the same population in other countries. Genetics, biomass fuel consumption, and e-smoking are all significant risk factors for AR in Palestine. An awareness campaign must be developed to educate university students and the general public about the risks of smoking, indoor air pollution, respiratory disorders, and AR. Longitudinal research is required to discover whether these associations are only transient.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"5 ","pages":"1492213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142781900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors vs. angiotensin receptor blockers in the management of chronic hypertension: a case of lisinopril-induced rhinorrhea.","authors":"Alice A Amudzi, Giro Richard Samale, Xavier Vela-Parada","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1480569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2024.1480569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 47-year-old woman presents to our clinic with a chief complaint of rhinorrhea; she had chronic hypertension managed with four antihypertensive drugs, including an ACE inhibitor. While dry cough is a well-known side effect associated with ACE inhibitors, this case highlights a common chief complaint yet less recognized side effect of ACE inhibitors and further emphasizes the idea that overall, angiotensin receptor blockers may be a better drug of choice in hypertension due to their favorable side effect profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"5 ","pages":"1480569"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11609189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis: a Belgian single-center retrospective analysis reveals real-life difficulties in diagnosis and treatment.","authors":"Toon Dominicus, Lisa Nuyttens, Ilse Hoffman, Dominique M A Bullens","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1478380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2024.1478380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the esophageal mucosa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study aimed to provide insights into the clinical characteristics, diagnostic evaluation, treatment modalities, and outcomes of EoE in a pediatric population through a retrospective analysis of 79 patients followed in a single tertiary referral center between 2014 and 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As expected, a higher male prevalence was observed. Median age at diagnosis was 8.9 years, aligning with the typical presentation in childhood, emphasizing the need for early recognition. Clinical presentation varied, with vomiting, dysphagia, and abdominal pain being the most frequently reported symptoms. IgE-sensitization, food allergy and atopy were highly prevalent, with cow's milk, wheat, egg, soy, and peanuts being the most common allergens. Endoscopy results mostly revealed macroscopic abnormalities with linear furrows and microabscesses/white plaques being the most common features although a significant proportion of initial endoscopies (14/79) showed no macroscopic abnormalities, highlighting the importance of esophageal biopsies. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were commonly used as a first-line treatment, with most patients receiving PPI therapy. Other treatment modalities, such as oral budesonide and exclusion diets either single or in combination, were also used. Remission was achieved in 69/79 or 87% patients, with different treatment regimens contributing to successful outcomes but subject to relapse upon time.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study provides valuable insights into the clinical characteristics, diagnostic evaluation, treatment modalities, and outcomes of EoE in the pediatric population. It underscores the importance of early recognition, accurate diagnosis, and regular follow-up to effectively manage this chronic immune-mediated disorder but also demonstrates its complexity in real-life clinical setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"5 ","pages":"1478380"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11609150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baricitinib as monotherapy and with topical corticosteroids in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of dose-response.","authors":"Ibrahim H I Almoghayer, Abdul Mateen Soomro, Shah Dev, Muskan Turesh, Ateesh Kumar, Ravi Kumar, Aashish Meghjiani, Syeda Lamiya Mir, Muhammad Hassaan, Rehan Qureshi, Vishal Kumar, Taimoor Ashraf, F N U Deepak, Mohammad Arham Siddiq, Abdul Haseeb, Ayush Kumar","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1486271","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1486271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that affects millions worldwide, presenting challenges in managing symptoms and quality of life. Current treatments include topical corticosteroids (TCS), but novel approaches, such as Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, show promise. Baricitinib, a selective JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, targets cytokines involved in AD and offers potential benefits beyond traditional therapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of baricitinib in treating moderate-to-severe AD. We followed PRISMA guidelines and assessed data from PubMed, Cochrane Central, ScienceDirect, and ClinicalTrials.gov up to August 2024. The analysis included trials comparing baricitinib to placebo, with or without TCS, evaluating outcomes such as Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) scores, Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) scores, and safety profiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six RCTs involving 2,595 participants met the inclusion criteria. Baricitinib demonstrated significant improvements in IGA scores, EASI scores, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and other outcome measures compared to placebo. The efficacy was consistent across different dosages (1 mg, 2 mg, 4 mg) and whether baricitinib was used with or without TCS. Safety analyses revealed a significant increase in treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), particularly with the 2 mg and 4 mg dosages and with TCS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Baricitinib, both alone and in combination with TCS, significantly improves symptoms and quality of life in patients with moderate-to-severe AD, with efficacy consistent across dosages. The safety profile is overall acceptable, though a significant increase in TEAEs was observed, particularly with higher dosages and when used with TCS. Ongoing monitoring of TEAEs is recommended, and future trials with longer follow-up periods are suggested to better understand long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"5 ","pages":"1486271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11602504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hereditary alpha tryptasemia: elevated tryptase, female sex, thyroid disorders, and anaphylaxis.","authors":"Viktoria Puxkandl, Stefan Aigner, Wolfram Hoetzenecker, Sabine Altrichter","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1461359","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1461359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The clinical significance of elevated baseline serum tryptase (BST) in the absence of mast cell disorders or allergic reactions has long been unclear. Recently, a genetic variation of the <i>TPSAB1</i> gene, which among others encodes for alpha tryptase, has been reported and named hereditary alpha tryptasemia (HaT). HaT has been linked to various manifestations, including severe allergic reactions. However, clinical studies are limited. In this study, we aimed to determine HaT prevalence and characterize its clinical manifestations in patients at a specialized allergy center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From January 2022 to December 2023, patients with elevated BST at least once were screened for HaT at the outpatient clinic. A control group included patients with a history of anaphylaxis undergoing specific Hymenoptera immunotherapy. <i>TPSAB1</i> copy numbers, BST levels, and clinical parameters were assessed and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 47 patients with elevated BST (≥11.4 µg/L), 93% showed increased <i>TPSAB1</i> copy numbers. Individuals diagnosed with HaT displayed a BST range between 12.3 and 28.4 µg/L, with 84.1% associated with <i>TPSAB1</i> duplication and 15.9% with triplication. HaT predominated in women (86.4%) and was associated with thyroid disease (27.3%). Over half had a history of anaphylaxis (54.5%), which was mainly low-grade.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In patients with elevated BST but no mastocytosis, the most likely cause of elevated BST was an increase in the copy number of the <i>TPSAB1</i> gene. A heightened risk of anaphylaxis should be considered. Further research is needed to explore the predominance of women and the emerging link with thyroid disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"5 ","pages":"1461359"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11588693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142735132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the predictive potential of ADAM8 for disease control in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.","authors":"Peiqiang Liu, Meng Liu, Yibin Sun, Weiwei Lei, Yu Xu","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1488441","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1488441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 8 (ADAM8) has been implicated in eosinophilic inflammation; however, its role in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the predictive significance of ADAM8 levels in nasal secretions for the endotypes and disease control status of CRSwNP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort comprising 120 CRSwNP patients and 45 healthy controls (HCs) was assembled, delineating 53 non-eosinophilic CRSwNP (neCRSwNP) and 67 eosinophilic CRSwNP (eCRSwNP) patients. Immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were utilized to measure ADAM8 levels in nasal mucosal tissues and secretions from all participants. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Pearson correlation analysis were employed to assess the predictive capability of ADAM8 levels in predictiving CRSwNP endotypes and disease control status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ADAM8 levels in nasal secretions were elevated in CRSwNP patients compared to HCs, with a more pronounced increase observed in eCRSwNP patients. Elevated ADAM8 concentrations in nasal secretions were positively correlated with peripheral blood eosinophil counts and percentages, tissue eosinophil counts, serum total IgE, Lund-Mackay scores, and Lund-Kennedy scores. Ultimately, 103 CRSwNP patients completed the follow-up protocol, with 72 classified as the controlled group and 31 as the uncontrolled group. Uncontrolled CRSwNP patients exhibited significantly higher ADAM8 levels in nasal secretions compared to the controlled group. The ROC curves indicated that ADAM8 in nasal secretions exhibits robust discriminatory capacity for eCRSwNP and postoperative disease control status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ADAM8 in nasal secretions emerges as a potential novel biomarker for the prognostication of CRSwNP endotypes and the postoperative disease control status.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"5 ","pages":"1488441"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11586353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of food allergy diagnosis.","authors":"Dominic S H Wong, Alexandra F Santos","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1456585","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1456585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food allergy represents an increasing global health issue, significantly impacting society on a personal and on a systems-wide level. The gold standard for diagnosing food allergy, the oral food challenge, is time-consuming, expensive, and carries risks of allergic reactions, with unpredictable severity. There is, therefore, an urgent need for more accurate, scalable, predictive diagnostic techniques. In this review, we discuss possible future directions in the world of food allergy diagnosis. We start by describing the current clinical approach to food allergy diagnosis, highlighting novel diagnostic methods recommended for use in clinical practice, such as the basophil activation test and molecular allergology, and go on to discuss tests that require more research before they can be applied to routine clinical use, including the mast cell activation test and bead-based epitope assay. Finally, we consider exploratory approaches, such as IgE glycosylation, IgG4, T and B cell assays, microbiome analysis, and plasma cytokines. Artificial intelligence is assessed for potential integrated interpretation of panels of diagnostic tests. Overall, a framework is proposed suggesting how combining established and emerging technologies can effectively enhance the accuracy of food allergy diagnosis in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"5 ","pages":"1456585"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling heterogeneity and treatment of asthma through integrating multi-omics data.","authors":"Wei Zhang, Yu Zhang, Lifei Li, Rongchang Chen, Fei Shi","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1496392","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2024.1496392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asthma has become one of the most serious chronic respiratory diseases threatening people's lives worldwide. The pathogenesis of asthma is complex and driven by numerous cells and their interactions, which contribute to its genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. The clinical characteristic is insufficient for the precision of patient classification and therapies; thus, a combination of the functional or pathophysiological mechanism and clinical phenotype proposes a new concept called \"asthma endophenotype\" representing various patient subtypes defined by distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. High-throughput omics approaches including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and microbiome enable us to investigate the pathogenetic heterogeneity of diverse endophenotypes and the underlying mechanisms from different angles. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the roles of diverse cell types in the pathophysiology and heterogeneity of asthma and present a current perspective on their contribution into the bidirectional interaction between airway inflammation and airway remodeling. We next discussed how integrated analysis of multi-omics data via machine learning can systematically characterize the molecular and biological profiles of genetic heterogeneity of asthma phenotype. The current application of multi-omics approaches on patient stratification and therapies will be described. Integrating multi-omics and clinical data will provide more insights into the key pathogenic mechanism in asthma heterogeneity and reshape the strategies for asthma management and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"5 ","pages":"1496392"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11573763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}