Frontiers in allergy最新文献

{"title":"Nickel(II) sulphate-induced allergic contact dermatitis as experimental tool to investigate inflammatory pruritus in humans.","authors":"Karoline Lukaschek, Kiran Kumar Bali, Konstantin Agelopoulos, Mustafa Kaplan, Sonja Ständer, Roman Rukwied, Elke Weisshaar","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2026.1786200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2026.1786200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allergic contact dermatitis is a leading cause of occupational skin disease, with nickel(II) sulphate representing one of the most prevalent contact allergies worldwide. Clinically, nickel-induced dermatitis is characterised by pronounced inflammation and intense pruritus. The functional role of endogenous mediators, structural neuronal changes, and molecular mediators contributing to the generation of itch in allergic contact dermatitis still needs to be investigated. We present nickel(II) sulphate-induced contact dermatitis as a mechanistic model to investigate pruritus under controlled conditions in humans. Thereby, we can combine and correlate clinical characterisation of nickel(II) sulphate contact dermatitis with psycho-physical, structural, and molecular analyses to identify inflammatory pathways, mediator profiles, and gene regulatory pathways involved in pruritus generation. By enabling the systematic characterisation of itch mechanisms at molecular, structural, and functional, levels, this approach provides a translational scope to advance our understanding of pruritogenic pathways and for developing targeted therapeutic strategies in allergic contact dermatitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"7 ","pages":"1786200"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Allergen cross-reactivity - a challenge in daily practice.","authors":"Marcin Kurowski, Rosemarie DeKruyff, Daniela Briceno Noriega","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2026.1846379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2026.1846379","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"7 ","pages":"1846379"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recall urticaria caused by vedolizumab: case report and literature review.","authors":"Mio Kozuma, Reiko Hara, Yumiko Sakuragi, Natsuko Saito-Sasaki, Yu Sawada","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2026.1781121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2026.1781121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recall urticaria is a rare hypersensitivity phenomenon characterized by the reappearance of urticarial wheals strictly confined to previously exposed skin sites following systemic re-exposure to a trigger. Although reported with several drugs, its clinical features and underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined. A 25-year-old man with ulcerative colitis developed acute pruritic wheals localized exclusively to prior subcutaneous injection sites approximately 15 min after intravenous administration of vedolizumab. He had experienced repeated localized injection-site reactions during prior subcutaneous therapy. Histopathology revealed mild perivascular inflammation with eosinophils. The eruption resolved spontaneously within 24 h without systemic symptoms, and vedolizumab therapy was continued. This case represents the first report of vedolizumab-associated recall urticaria. A review of previously reported cases highlights strict site specificity as the defining feature, irrespective of the route or timing of re-exposure. Recall urticaria should be recognized as a site-specific hypersensitivity reaction distinct from systemic drug allergy.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"7 ","pages":"1781121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel nasal-to-oral airflow pressure ratio as an objective indicator of nasal obstruction.","authors":"Shiqi Wang, Baoshi Fan, Yuntian Bao, Yusong Dai, Minghui Wang, Xindi Yang, Wendong Liu, Caifeng Xia, Yu Song","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2026.1807126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2026.1807126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To introduce and clinically validate, for the first time, a novel nasal-to-oral airflow pressure ratio as an objective metric for assessing nasal obstruction. This ratio is designed to capture compensatory breathing patterns and to improve correlation with subjective symptoms compared with existing assessment methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 108 patients with self-reported nasal obstruction and 26 healthy controls were enrolled. A custom-designed face mask equipped with pressure sensors recorded nasal airflow pressure during quiet breathing and oral airflow pressure during forced oral breathing. The nasal-to-oral airflow pressure ratio was calculated and correlated with visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for nasal obstruction using Spearman's correlation. Sex-specific subgroup analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The nasal-to-oral airflow pressure ratio was significantly lower in patients with nasal congestion than in controls (0.13 ± 0.10 vs 0.23 ± 0.12; <i>p</i> < 0.001). The ratio showed a strong negative correlation with VAS scores (<i>ρ</i> = -0.645; <i>p</i> < 0.001), outperforming traditional metrics for assessing nasal obstruction. Sex-specific analyses revealed consistent trends in both males and females, with a slightly stronger correlation in female patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides the first clinical validation of the nasal-to-oral airflow pressure ratio as a sensitive, practical, and objective indicator of nasal obstruction. By incorporating compensatory oral breathing dynamics, the ratio bridges the gap between subjective sensation and traditional objective measurements, offering a low-cost, easy-to-deploy tool for broad clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"7 ","pages":"1807126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Allergic diseases through precision medicine.","authors":"Patricia Agudelo-Romero, Enza D'Auria, Anthony Bosco","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2026.1842074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2026.1842074","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"7 ","pages":"1842074"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13133042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital health in allergy care: current practices, evidence, and future prospects.","authors":"Olga Lourenço, Adriano N Raposo","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2026.1760856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2026.1760856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This mini-review summarizes the current applications of digital tools in allergy care, including telemedicine platforms, mobile health technologies, and AI-based decision support systems. It critically examines available evidence, benefits, and challenges for clinical practice and outlines future directions for integrating digital health into personalized allergy management. Mobile apps and wearable sensors enable real-time tracking of symptoms, medication use, and environmental triggers, providing actionable data that supports proactive disease management. Continuous data streams enhance clinicians' ability to adjust treatment promptly and personalize care. AI-driven tools offer emerging opportunities for predictive modeling and decision support, while telemedicine expands access and convenience. Together, these innovations may support more patient-centered, equitable, and data-informed care.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"7 ","pages":"1760856"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13121147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The AhR-TLR4 axis in non-IgE-mediated Cow's milk allergy: a systematic review with integrated multi-omics corroboration.","authors":"Wei Kong, Bin Wu, Ying Huang, Haiying Liu, Congfu Huang","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2026.1789143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2026.1789143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & aims: </strong>Non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy (non-IgE-CMPA) is the most prevalent form of CMPA in infancy; however, its pathogenesis is still poorly understood, which impedes the development of targeted nutritional strategies. Recent evidence suggests a connection between gut dysbiosis and immune dysregulation. Therefore, this systematic review, incorporating multi-omics corroboration, sought to clarify a pathogenic axis driven by dysbiosis and involving the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Furthermore, the review aimed to evaluate related predictive biomarkers and potential therapeutic approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We synthesized evidence from 39 studies of infants (0-3 years) with physician-confirmed non-IgE-CMPA, following PRISMA guidelines. To visually corroborate key mechanistic pathways at cellular resolution, we performed an integrative analysis of publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing datasets from pediatric intestinal biopsies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Non-IgE-mediated CMPA exhibits a distinct gut dysbiosis signature, characterized by decreased Bifidobacterium and increased Enterobacteriacea. This dysbiosis is associated with reduced microbial AhR ligands and TLR4 pathway in intestinal epithelial cells. A B/E ratio <0.5 at 3 months of age predicted persistent allergy (HR = 1.9, AUC = 0.82). scRNA-seq data confirmed IEC-specific upregulation of TLR4 co-receptors (CD14, LY96), activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and reduced expression of intestinal barrier integrity markers. Synbiotic intervention (LGG + HMOs) was associated with a 67% resolution of symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early-life gut dysbiosis may disrupt AhR-TLR4 crosstalk, leading to NLRP3-mediated inflammation and barrier dysfunction in non-IgE-mediated CMPA. Bradford Hill criteria suggest a causal relationship for this pathway. Furthermore, the B/E ratio holds promise for early risk stratification, and synbiotics represent a potential mechanism-guided nutritional strategy for restoring microbial-immune homeostasis.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/view/CRD42025104533, PROSPERO CRD420251045333.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"7 ","pages":"1789143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13121337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hereditary α-tryptasemia; a review of mechanisms linking α-tryptase gene dosage to intestinal homeostasis and immunopathology.","authors":"Ilaria M Simeone, Michelle Galeas-Pena, Katelyn White, Brandy Sullivan, Alexandra Morelli, Jocelyn A Silvester, Liza Konnikova, Amelie Therrien, Sarah C Glover","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2026.1783914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2026.1783914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hereditary α-tryptasemia (HαT) is a genetic trait characterized by increased <i>TPSAB1</i> copy number. Identified in 2015, the HαT trait impacts approximately 4%-6% of individuals of European ancestry and manifests with core clinical features in one-third of individuals who test positive for the genetic trait. HαT represents a natural human model of α-tryptase overexpression which can be leveraged to better and more comprehensively understand tryptase and mast cell (MC) biology at the tissue level. In this review, we synthesize emerging evidence demonstrating that HαT is a clinically significant modifier of disease in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We summarize findings demonstrating that HαT impacts small intestinal immunopathology even in the absence of overt GI pathology. In celiac disease, coexisting HαT is associated with increased duodenal MCs and persistent GI symptoms (diarrhea, bloating, abdominal pain) despite a gluten-free diet. We also review emerging data indicating that HαT may act as a disease modifier in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); increased α-tryptase gene dosage is associated with intestinal MC activation and increased expression of MRGPRX2. These changes may amplify MC-mediated inflammatory pathways within the intestinal mucosa and contribute to the complexity of immune signaling traditionally attributed to T-cell-driven inflammation in IBD. Taken together, emerging modern cellular and molecular biology evidence suggests that the natural overexpression of α-tryptase in HαT alters MC behavior and GI intestinal immunopathology, thereby modifying disease outcomes across a spectrum of GI illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"7 ","pages":"1783914"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13121348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asthma and corticosteroids \"<i>odi et amo\":</i> how to deal with it?","authors":"Luca Borsari, Laura Carbonieri, Luca M Verdini, Valentina Ruggieri, Bianca Beghe'","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2026.1772380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2026.1772380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asthma is a chronic, heterogeneous respiratory disease that affects more than 300 million individuals worldwide and is responsible for substantial morbidity, mortality and healthcare burden. Chronic airway inflammation plays a central role in symptom expression, disease progression, and response to therapy. Corticosteroids, both inhaled and systemic, are the cornerstone of asthma treatment. However, it is well known that the use and abuse of systemic corticosteroids is almost invariably associated to the development of significant acute and chronic adverse events. Epidemiological data report that despite the availability of new target therapy, e.g., biologics, in real practice systemic steroids are still overused, and in this review, we highlight strategies 1) to identify and screen patients at risk of developing corticosteroids adverse events and 2) to reduce them.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"7 ","pages":"1772380"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13111361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging molecular and environmental biomarkers of shrimp allergy in African Americans in the US.","authors":"Tanmoy Mondal, Dalyngs Duvelsaint, Kingston Griffin, McKenzie Williams, Oluwaseyitodun Johnson, Zara Campbell, Carla M Davis","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2026.1817101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2026.1817101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shrimp allergy (SA), a major cause of food-induced anaphylaxis, represents a disproportionate and under-characterized burden among African American (AA) populations in the United States. Unlike many childhood food allergies, SA is often persistent and commonly presents in adolescence or adulthood, suggesting a role for cumulative environmental exposures in disrupting oral tolerance. A key diagnostic challenge in AA communities is the high prevalence of IgE sensitization to shrimp tropomyosin (Pen a 1), which shares strong structural homology with cockroach and house dust mite tropomyosins, leading to frequent cross-reactive but clinically irrelevant sensitization in urban settings. This review critically examines molecular and environmental biomarkers of SA with a focus on AA populations. We assess the limitations of extract-based IgE testing and component-resolved diagnostics, highlighting how single-component assays may overestimate true clinical allergy. We emphasize the added value of functional assays, particularly the basophil activation test, in distinguishing sensitization from challenge-confirmed allergies. Mechanistically, we discuss how chronic exposure to indoor arthropod allergens, air pollution, and socioenvironmental stressors may drive epithelial barrier dysfunction, IL-33 release, and amplification of type 2 immune pathways, lowering reaction thresholds and influencing disease persistence. We identify key gaps, including limited oral food challenge-confirmed data and underrepresentation of AA cohorts. Finally, we propose equity-centered, integrative research frameworks combining molecular diagnostics, functional assays, environmental assessment, and multi-omics to improve diagnostic precision and advance clinical equity in SA care.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"7 ","pages":"1817101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13106207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}