Frontiers in allergy最新文献

{"title":"Tropomyosin-based cross-reactivity and asymptomatic shellfish sensitization in patients with perennial allergy.","authors":"Moritz Maximilian Hollstein, Marie Charlotte Schuppe, Katharina Klara Hahn, Prasad Dasari, Susann Forkel, Caroline Beutner, Timo Buhl","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1598583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2025.1598583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mite, cockroach, and shellfish (crab, clam, and shrimp) proteins share allergenic epitopes. The determination of specific IgE (sIgE) against cockroach (<i>Blattella germanica,</i> relevant in asthma) and shellfish allergens (relevant in food allergy) using whole-body extracts necessitates detailed knowledge of IgE cross-reactivity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate whether cross-reactivity between aeroallergens and food allergens is clinically relevant and whether subjects with mite and/or cockroach sensitization are at risk of false-positive results in shellfish food allergy diagnostics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional, single-center study, we recruited 200 patients with elevated sIgE against ≥1 allergen at random from our outpatient clinic and assessed allergic comorbidity. We analyzed sIgE against mites (<i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae,</i> or <i>Blomia tropicalis</i>), German cockroach (<i>B. germanica</i>), crab, clam, and shrimp whole allergen extract, as well as sIgE against mite tropomyosin Der p 10 and shrimp tropomyosin Pen a 1 (in a subpopulation), using automated ImmunoCAP Specific IgE Tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During allergologic assessment, two participants reported previous anaphylaxis to fish and/or seafood and were excluded from further analysis. The final study population comprised 150 female and 48 male participants. Of these, 93 presented with positive sIgE against mites. As expected, participants with mite sensitization displayed an elevated prevalence of perennial asthma or allergic rhinitis (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Further, they were more often sensitized to German cockroach, crab, claw, or shrimp (each <i>p</i> < 0.001). Der p 10 and Pen a 1 sIgE levels were below the cutoff level (<0.35 kU/L) in all subjects. However, the correlation analyses revealed that tropomyosin sIgE explained between 24% and 55% of the variance (R²) in sIgE against clam, crab, German cockroach, or shrimp (each <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with mite sensitization have higher asymptomatic sIgE levels to shellfish. Even in patients with anti-tropomyosin sIgE levels below the cutoff level, anti-tropomyosin sIgE correlates strongly with sIgE against German cockroach, crab, clam, and shrimp. Our findings suggest large-scale false-positive results for sIgE to shellfish when analyzing patients with mite- or cockroach sensitization.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1598583"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: Tissue eosinophil level as a predictor of control, severity, and recurrence of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.","authors":"Matteo Gelardi","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1628864","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1628864","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1628864"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12241068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue-based skin prick test extracts from Atlantic salmon containing occupationally relevant allergens.","authors":"Inga Elda, Miriam Grgic, Klara Stensvåg, Berit Bang","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1525012","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1525012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diagnosis of salmon allergy often includes skin prick testing using commercially available extracts. Multiple studies have shown that these may contain highly variable amounts of important allergens. In this study we aimed to produce skin prick test extracts containing salmon allergens relevant to the occupational exposure situation. The extracts were characterized with respect to the presence of known salmon allergens. The effect of heat-treatment on the antibody-binding of allergens was also assessed.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Allergenic proteins were extracted from muscle, skin, and outer mucus coating from Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>). Electrophoresis was used for protein separation with subsequent silver staining and immunoblotting for the detection of known allergenic proteins with antibody-binding activity to commercially available antibodies. The identity of allergens was confirmed by mass spectrometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our extraction methods were successful in detecting the allergenic proteins aldolase, collagen, enolase, and parvalbumin from muscle, skin, and outer mucus coating from Atlantic salmon. Our work also demonstrates that these allergens have various tolerance towards heating.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By using multiple fish tissues for extraction, we were able to produce skin prick test extracts containing allergens of presumed relevance in diagnosis of work-related sensitization.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1525012"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12230974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Painful skin ulcers in psoriasis patients after taking methotrexate-containing traditional Chinese medicine: a retrospective case series.","authors":"Yunhong Zheng, Yinzi Dubai, Ruizhe Wang, Suju Luo","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1634055","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1634055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has demonstrated certain efficacy in the treatment of psoriasis, a chronic papulosquamous skin disease. However, in rare instances, the use of TCM may exacerbate cutaneous lesions. This study aims to explore whether the methotrexate (MTX) component in TCM may increase the risk of cutaneous ulceration in patients with psoriasis. MTX is also an immunosuppressive agent widely used in the treatment of various dermatologic conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of five patients who developed painful skin ulcers at primary psoriatic sites after taking TCM. Evaluated indicators included hemocytopenia, liver function, serum MTX concentration, and ABCB1 gene polymorphisms. Histopathological examination was also performed on ulcerative tissue samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the five patients, two developed hemocytopenia and two had abnormal liver function. Serum MTX concentrations in two patients ranged from 0.03 to 0.11 μmol/L (<0.1 μmol/L at 72 h after MTX administration). The ABCB1 genotypes AA and AG were detected in two different patients. Histopathological findings revealed dyskeratosis of keratinocytes, dermal vasodilation, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Rescue treatment with oral folic acid was administered to three patients, leading to complete healing of all lesions within two weeks. The remaining two patients showed gradual improvement in skin ulcers after discontinuing TCM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TCM containing MTX may induce skin ulceration in rare cases among patients with psoriasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1634055"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12230975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hereditary alpha-tryptasemia and monoclonal mast cell disorders.","authors":"Yannick Chantran, Michel Arock","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1600680","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1600680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monoclonal mast cell disorders (mMCD), including systemic mastocytosis, are characterized by the abnormal accumulation of clonal mast cells, often leading to elevated baseline serum tryptase (bST) levels. Thus, bST evaluation is useful for the diagnosis, classification, and management of patients with mMCD. Hereditary alpha-tryptasemia (HαT) is a relatively frequent genetic trait also characterized by elevated bST levels. As compared to the general population, HαT is over-represented among patients with mMCD, and associated with even more frequent and severe mast cell activation symptoms, such as hymenoptera venom-induced anaphylaxis. Although both HαT and mMCD induce increased bST levels, their overlap in laboratory features, and potentially in associated clinical manifestations, have made the diagnostic process of mMCD more accurate but more complicated. In this review, we provide a brief overview of mMCD, the critical role played by bST in their diagnosis, and on HαT as one of the main bST level modifier. Next, we summarize the existing literature regarding the observed association between HαT and mMCD, with particular attention payed to the prevalence of HαT in patients with mMCD, and the clinical manifestations associated with HαT-positive individuals in mMCD. Finally, we discuss the evidence for and against different explanations underlying this association, focusing on HαT's possible influence on diagnostic criteria for mMCD, its potential to act as a modifier of mast cell related symptoms, and its potential role in promoting mast cell proliferation. We conclude with the diagnostic challenges that clinicians face in distinguishing HαT from other mast cell disorders, the role of bST measurement and tryptase genotyping, and propose management strategies for patients with different presentations. This review underlines the value of a comprehensive diagnostic approach to better understand and manage patients with HαT and mMCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1600680"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12222136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allergic rhinitis in college students at Dongguan: a cross-sectional survey on disease burden, knowledge, and self-management.","authors":"Xin Peng, Haiyi Yan, Haixin Feng, Shiqing Huang, Bingsong Zhang, Xueqin Huang","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1605074","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1605074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the prevalence, clinical characteristics, disease knowledge, and quality of life impact of allergic rhinitis (AR) among college students in Dongguan, China. Using a customized questionnaire, we surveyed 1,531 participants (response rate: 85.1%) and identified an AR prevalence of 18.68% (95% CI: 16.72-20.63%). The study identified significant gaps in AR management, including underutilization of allergen testing (only 44.21% of AR patients underwent skin prick testing) and limited medication knowledge among 73% of participants. Environmental control measures were often neglected, and health education was inconsistently delivered, with 72.03% of students relying on the internet for AR information. The findings underscore the need for enhanced health education, improved access to diagnostic testing, and patient-centered communication strategies. Digital platforms and peer-led interventions are recommended to address these gaps and improve AR self-management.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1605074"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12209292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of <i>in vitro</i> azithromycin treatment on bronchial epithelial antiviral immunity in asthma phenotypes.","authors":"Muzhda Ghanizada, Sofia Malm Tillgren, Louis Praeger-Jahnsen, Nihaya Mahmoud Said, Sisse Ditlev, Helle Frost Andreassen, Nanna Dyhre-Petersen, Samuel Cerps, Asger Sverrild, Celeste Porsbjerg, Lena Uller, Therese Lapperre, Mandy Menzel","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1605109","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1605109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Azithromycin (AZM) effectively reduces asthma exacerbations and enhances bronchial epithelial cell (BEC) antiviral immunity <i>in vitro</i>. However, its clinical impact on different asthma phenotypes is not fully elucidated and differences in treatment response to AZM may be attributable to differences in immune activation to rhinovirus (RV) infection in different inflammatory asthma phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore bronchial epithelial antiviral properties in response to <i>in vitro</i> AZM treatment in eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic as well as atopic and non-atopic asthma phenotypes, and to investigate the effects of AZM on the release of RV-induced alarmins and pro-inflammatory cytokines in these asthma phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, we have collected BECs from patients with moderate-to-severe asthma (<i>n</i> = 20). The cells were pre-treated with or without 10 µM AZM 24 h before infection with 0.05 MOI RV. Release of IFN-β, IFN-λ, alarmins and pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured 48 h after infection by Mesoscale Discovery (S-plex and U-plex) and then compared across asthma phenotypes, based on blood eosinophils and atopy status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AZM significantly enhanced IFN-β and IFN-λ protein release in response to RV infection both in eosinophilic and in non-eosinophilic asthma as well as in non-atopic asthma. A less pronounced IFN-β and IFN-λ protein release was also observed in the atopic group. AZM's interferon-inducing effect was, however, largely similar regardless of blood eosinophil count and atopy status. Additionally, AZM prompted the release of TSLP and IL-6 in the non-eosinophilic group only.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data suggest that <i>in vitro</i>, AZM works primarily by improving bronchial epithelial antiviral resistance by increasing interferons independent of eosinophilia and atopy status, highlighting the broad applicability of AZM in modulating antiviral immunity in asthma as well as the need for identifying predictors of AZM response beyond inflammatory phenotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1605109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12209221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical efficacy on acupuncture for perennial allergic rhinitis: a study protocol for a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Jia-Xin Yang, Shu-Ren Ming, Hui Chen, Yue-Lai Chen","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1600032","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1600032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent allergic disorder. Acupuncture has been widely utilized to alleviate allergic symptoms, and numerous studies have investigated its therapeutic effects on AR. However, due to the challenges associated with establishing appropriate placebo controls, few studies have directly compared acupuncture with sham acupuncture for AR treatment. This trial investigates the comparative effectiveness and tolerability of acupuncture vs. placebo needling for allergic rhinitis patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This clinical trial features a stratified randomization scheme with 1:1 allocation, single-blind assessment, and a total sample size of 84 participants. After screening for inclusion, qualified subjects with perennial allergic rhinitis will be randomly allocated to treatment group(accepting acupuncture, <i>n</i> = 42) or control group (accepting sham acupuncture, <i>n</i> = 42). The intervention will last over a 4-week period. The main efficacy outcome is the change in main symptom severity assessed by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) after each week of treatment. Secondary outcomes include the Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS), Efficacy Index (%) after each treatment session, time to onset of effect, Rhinitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) scores after each week of treatment, and the additional use rate of anti-allergic medications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in treating perennial allergic rhinitis through comprehensive assessment of symptom relief, time-effect relationships, quality of life improvements, and reduction in anti-allergic medication use.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400086227).</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1600032"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12206828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and limitations of systemic corticosteroids in patients with CRSwNP compared to alternative therapies with monoclonal antibodies: real-life of 101 patients from the Lazio region, Italy.","authors":"F Anastasi, C Di Nota, S Sessi, A Marzetti, A Sambito, M Della Casa, S Pizzolante, G Bandiera","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1573764","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1573764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) is a chronic inflammatory disease. Its severe uncontrolled form may share, with asthma and atopic dermatitis, the pathophysiological mechanism of T helper 2 inflammation, characterized by tissue eosinophilia and high local IgE levels. Comorbidities and the severity of symptoms result in a poor quality of life. CRSwNP is difficult to treat both medically and surgically. Systemic corticosteroids are widely used to manage signs and symptoms of this disease. However, prolonged use of systemic corticosteroids is associated with numerous side effects that limit their long-term use. Alternative therapy with new biologic drugs allows good control of the signs and symptoms of CRSwNP, without the side effects of systemic corticosteroids. Through an interview proposed to patients affected by CRSwNP, the use of systemic corticosteroids, their dosage and the methods of administration were analyzed in the period preceding the start of therapy with biological drugs and the real impact of biological therapy on corticosteroid use.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1573764"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12206776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhalation and inflammation: examining aeroallergens and eosinophilic esophagitis.","authors":"Sitharthan Sekar, Kate Kelly, Dipa Sheth, Marianna Papademetriou","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1609120","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1609120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated disease leading to inflammation in the esophageal lining. EoE has become a significant cause of gastrointestinal illness in both children and adults. While there is significant focus on dietary triggers in the pathophysiology of the disease, aeroallergens are also increasingly implicated in both the development and clinical presentation. Possible mechanisms, seasonality and current evidence for the role of aeroallergens in EoE are discussed, including seasonality, allergen specific mechanisms and therapeutic options. A multidisciplinary team between allergists and gastroenterologists is optimal for coordinated patient management.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1609120"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12206792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}