Frontiers in allergy最新文献

{"title":"Case Report: Eosinophilic esophagitis and hen's egg tolerance-two cases, treated with topical steroids, showing remission with highly heated but not less heated hen's egg.","authors":"Lisa Nuyttens, Liselot De Vlieger, Toon Ieven, Marianne Diels, Tessa Bosmans, Sara Van Meerbeeck, Tine Alliet, Toon Dominicus, Ilse Hoffman, Dominique M A Bullens","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1475023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/falgy.2025.1475023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, antigen-mediated disease characterized by eosinophilic inflammation of the esophagus. Common triggers in Europe include cow's milk, hen's egg, wheat, soy, (pea)nuts, and (shell)fish. Recent studies indicate that heated forms of cow's milk in cow's milk-induced EoE may be well tolerated. Similar to cow's milk, we present two cases of children with hen's egg-triggered pediatric EoE treated with topical steroids who remained in remission after the introduction of highly heated forms of hen's egg. The introduction of less heated forms, however, led to relapse. These two cases suggest that heated hen's egg may be well tolerated in hen's egg-induced pediatric EoE, potentially allowing for a less restrictive diet and improved quality of life. Further research is necessary to explore the potential for inducing tolerance to less heated and/or raw egg through the gradual introduction of heated egg products.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1475023"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11924201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An asthma self-management program based on WeChat to improve asthma control and quality of life: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Shanshan Xu, Zhihui Song, Xiao Cheng, Jiawei Wang","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1503597","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1503597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Few studies have tested the feasibility and efficacy of WeChat-based asthma self-management, which supports patients in managing their asthma via mobile phone. We developed an intervention program based on the WeChat Mini program to support self-management. We evaluated the effectiveness and feasibility of improving asthma control and quality of life in patients with asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty and 53 patients were randomized into the control and WeChat groups, respectively, to receive traditional interventions and interventions based on the WeChat Mini program. We conducted the intervention for three months and then observed for three months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the end of the third month, the Asthma Control Test (ACT) scores of the WeChat group were greater than those of the control group (<i>P</i> = 0.003), and the ACT scores of the two groups were significantly higher than those at baseline (<i>P</i> = 0.028; <i>P</i> < 0.001). At the end of the sixth month, the control group was not significantly different from the baseline group (<i>P</i> = 1.000), but the WeChat group was significantly different (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The ACT scores of the WeChat group were higher than those of the control group (<i>P</i> = 0.001). The ACT scores of the WeChat group were lower than those of the third month, but the difference was insignificant (<i>P</i> = 0.214). For asthma self-management and quality of life, the WeChat group improved more at the end of the third and sixth months (all <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Implementing an asthma self-management program based on the WeChat application is effective in helping patients with asthma improve their asthma control and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1503597"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11919652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiviral roles of eosinophils in asthma and respiratory viral infection.","authors":"Hisashi Sasaki, Jun Miyata, Akihiko Kawana, Koichi Fukunaga","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1548338","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1548338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eosinophils are immune cells that are crucial for the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, such as asthma. These cells play multifunctional roles in various situations, including infection. They are activated during viral infections and exert antiviral activity. Pattern recognition receptors, toll-like receptor 7 and retinoic acid inducible gene-I, are important for the recognition and capture of RNA viruses. In addition, intracellular granule proteins (eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin) and intracellular nitric oxide production inactivate and/or degrade RNA viruses. Interestingly, eosinophil-synthesizing specialized pro-resolving mediators possess antiviral properties that inhibit viral replication. Thus, eosinophils may play a protective role during respiratory virus infections. Notably, antiviral activities are impaired in patients with asthma, and eosinophil activities are perturbed in proportion with the severity of asthma. The exact roles of eosinophils in RNA virus (rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and influenza virus)-induced type 2 inflammation-based asthma exacerbation remain unclear. Our research demonstrates that interferons (IFN-α and IFN-γ) stimulate human eosinophils to upregulate antiviral molecules, including guanylate-binding proteins and tripartite motifs. Furthermore, IFN-γ specifically increases the expression of IL5RA, ICAM-1, and FCGR1A, potentially enhancing cellular responsiveness to IL-5, ICAM-1-mediated adhesion to rhinoviruses, and IgG-induced inflammatory responses, respectively. In this review, we have summarized the relationship between viral infections and asthma and the mechanisms underlying the development of antiviral functions of human and mouse eosinophils <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1548338"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiling of the gut, skin and nasal microbiotas revealed clinically relevant microbial taxa from children with allergies: a pilot study.","authors":"Jiayi Hong, Zhiwei Tang, Dongjun Zhang, Chenqi Mo, Wen Su, Jie Shao","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1497914","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1497914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A reduction in biodiversity and alterations in the microbiota composition are relevant to allergic diseases. However, combined analyses of the skin, nasal and gut microbiotas are lacking in the literature. In addition, in previous studies, microbiota were detected mainly by V3-V4 sequencing, but other sequences might be missed with this technique.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this case-control study, we enrolled 3-12-year-old children with allergic rhinitis combined with atopic dermatitis and food allergy (AR-AD-FA group), children with allergic rhinitis only (AR-only) and healthy controls (HC group). We employed full-length 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing for the detection of gut, nasal and skin microbiota.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Samples with an average sequence length of 1,459 bp were obtained in this study. Significant differences in beta diversity in the three compartments were found between the disease groups and the HC group. Differentially expressed genera were present mainly in the gut compartment. <i>Peptoniphilus, Prevotella</i> and <i>Anaerococcus</i> were abundant in the gut in the disease groups. Specifically, <i>Streptomyces, Thermus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> showed differential expression in both the nasal and skin compartments of children in the disease groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Some meaningful differences in the abundance of some microbiota from the three compartments were observed between the disease groups and the HC group. These findings could provide new insights into the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases through the regulation of specific microbiota in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1497914"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Allergen-specific antibodies: from basic science to clinical application.","authors":"Sabine Flicker, Mats Ohlin, Amanda Atanasio, Anna Pomés","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1568735","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1568735","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1568735"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers to aid in diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis.","authors":"Manuel Sargen, Akimi Sasaki, Anish R Maskey, Xiu-Min Li","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1564588","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1564588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an increasingly common skin condition characterized by itchy rashes in response to allergens. The most common diagnostic test involves patch testing (PT), but despite the efficacy of PT for identifying and guiding patients toward avoidance of allergens, PT alone does not elucidate the underlying biomechanistic changes which may be useful for sub-categorizing ACD further. In addition, some patients may never be able to identify their causative allergens unless they go to highly specialized ACD centers. Accordingly, this mini review attempts to summarize biomarkers that may help with identifying and sub-categorizing cases of ACD for appropriate diagnosis, especially in patients with difficult-to-identify allergens.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1564588"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymerised mite allergoids with glutaraldehyde reduce proteolytic activity and enhance the stability of allergen mixtures: a proof of concept with grass mixtures.","authors":"José Ignacio Tudela, Irene Soria, Eva Abel-Fernández, José Fernando Cantillo, Enrique Fernández-Caldas, José Luis Subiza, Salvador Iborra","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1557650","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1557650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polysensitized patients require allergen immunotherapy (AIT) targeting multiple allergens. However, combining allergen extracts can lead to instability and reduced efficacy particularly due to the high proteolytic activity of house dust mite (HDM) allergens. While is known that glutaraldehyde cross-linking may reduce enzymatic activity, its ability to stabilize multi-allergen formulations and protect key allergens from degradation remains unexplored.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of glutaraldehyde polymerization on the stability and immunogenicity of HDM and grass pollen allergen formulations, addressing proteolytic activity challenges in multi-allergen vaccines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Stability was assessed over 24 months through protein quantification and antigenic activity assays. Proteolytic activity of HDM-containing extracts was measured using Azocoll, and peptide substrate-based enzymatic assays. Grass pollen allergen degradation was evaluated by SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting, and ELISA Immunogenicity was assessed in mice immunized with grass allergoids alone or in combination with glutaraldehyde-polymerised HDM, measuring IgG responses, splenocyte proliferation, and IL-10 production.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Glutaraldehyde polymerization significantly reduced HDM proteolytic activity (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), achieving reductions of 97.7%, 77.9%, and 89.9% in total protease activity, cysteine protease activity, and serine protease activity, respectively. This inhibition protected grass pollen allergens when mixed with HDM from degradation, ensuring consistent protein content and antigenic activity over 24 months. Mice immunized with grass allergoids alone or combined with polymerised mite extracts showed similar IgG responses and T-cell activation, indicating no compromise in the immune response to grass allergens, with IL-10 secretion confirming preserved regulatory responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Polymerised allergen extracts address the challenges of proteolytic degradation in multi-allergen formulations, offering stable, immunogenic vaccines that maintain efficacy and provide a reliable treatment option for polyallergic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1557650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11893842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health system characteristics and evidence-based asthma care.","authors":"Alice L Crawford, Gareth H Jones, Jane Scullion, Dermot Ryan, John D Blakey","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1528526","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1528526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asthma is a common and complex syndrome, and a major cause of morbidity and healthcare costs. Clinicians have an array of evidence-based investigations and effective interventions at their disposal, but outcomes have not improved as much as trial evidence would suggest they could. This article discusses drivers behind this discrepancy using illustrative examples to highlight information gaps and barriers that impair the delivery of community and emergency asthma care and appropriate referral to specialist asthma services. It highlights organizational issues in the current system that lead to disjointed care that varies in quality. It also explores problems such as the adequacy of training for healthcare professionals, divergence from best practice guidance, and an acceptance amongst patients and practitioners of poor asthma control. This, along with inherent problems in the diagnosis of this heterogeneous disease, facilitates and perpetuates suboptimal care and outcomes. To help address the outcome gap, we discuss the potential for relatively simple, achievable and cost-effective actions that could potentially be taken by clinicians together with commissioners and managers of healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1528526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11891166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raising the bar in respiratory care by EUFOREA: report of the European Union Parliament Symposium, April 2024.","authors":"P W Hellings, D M Conti, X Bertels, V Backer, G Brusselle, E De Corso, W J Fokkens, A T Fox, P Gevaert, S Lau, G Liva, S Palkonen, A Papi, S Scheire, P Schmid-Grendelmeier, C M E Shire, P Smith, M T A Teeling, A Yorgancioglu, G K Scadding","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1540499","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1540499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In April 2024, the European Summit \"<i>Raising the bar in respiratory care\"</i> was organized by the European Forum for Research and Education in Allergy and Airway Diseases (EUFOREA) in the European Parliament and hosted by Members of the European Parliament Dorien Rookmaker and Mislav Kolakušić. The aim of the Summit was to respond to the need of European patients suffering from chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) by joining forces with European and global organisations in the management of the epidemics of CRD, recognising the weaknesses of current care models and focussing on collaboration to improve care and prevention. Participants belonging to International and National Societies and Committees from the European Rhinologic Society (ERS), International Rhinologic Society (IRS), Belgian Respiratory Society (BeRS), Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA), Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), and from the European Federation of Allergy and Airways Diseases Patients Associations (EFA) and the EUFOREA's Patient Advisory Board (PAB) described their vision and action plan to work in partnership to raise the bar in respiratory care. This report summarizes the contributions of the representatives of different European stakeholders in the field of CRDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1540499"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11891202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Allergy in the Asia Pacific.","authors":"Mongkhon Sompornrattanaphan, Agnes Sze-Yin Leung, Jane Chi Yan Wong, Philip Hei Li","doi":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1567647","DOIUrl":"10.3389/falgy.2025.1567647","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73062,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in allergy","volume":"6 ","pages":"1567647"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}