{"title":"What Can Robots Do For You?","authors":"Bengisu Cagiltay, Emmanuel Senft, Bilge Mutlu","doi":"10.3389/frym.2024.1267614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2024.1267614","url":null,"abstract":"You have probably seen movies in which robots do things like drive cars, deliver groceries, and fight space battles. But have you ever thought about what a robot could do for you? In the field of human-robot interaction, scientists study how robots can help people and what people think of robots. In this article, we meet three children in a classroom of the future and find out what robots do for them and how those robots know what to do. At school, Mia works with a robot friend who helps her learn a foreign language. Noah has special needs, and a robot in a hospital helps him learn about feelings and how to get along with other people. Last, Ari has a robot at home that helps her read, chats with her siblings, and helps her parents.","PeriodicalId":73060,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers for young minds","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Twins And Telomeres-In Space!","authors":"Susan M. Bailey","doi":"10.3389/frym.2024.1191969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2024.1191969","url":null,"abstract":"As part of the NASA Twins Study, our investigations related to telomeres and DNA damage responses (genome stability) during long-duration spaceflight have important implications for the health and performance of astronauts participating in exploration missions, as well as for long-term aging and disease risk outcomes. Together with the other Twins Study investigations, results will guide future studies and development of personalized medicine approaches for evaluating health effects for individual astronauts as we make our way back to the moon and beyond. Particularly as the number and diversity of space travelers and even space tourists increases over the coming years, identifying individual differences in response to the extreme environment, experiences and chronic exposures associated with space travel, exploration, and eventual habitation of other planets, represents a critical next step for ensuring future astronaut performance and health during, and improving disease and aging courses following, such missions. Ad astra!","PeriodicalId":73060,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers for young minds","volume":"280 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140249387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Retna Arun, Hannah Gurholt, Udita Bansal, Swanne P. Gordon
{"title":"Bright Colors: Eat Me at Your Own Risk","authors":"Retna Arun, Hannah Gurholt, Udita Bansal, Swanne P. Gordon","doi":"10.3389/frym.2024.1270515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2024.1270515","url":null,"abstract":"Some poisonous animals use bright coloration to protect themselves from other animals that want to eat them. These bright colors are also called warning colors. Frogs, snakes, butterflies, skunks, and more all use warning coloration. But how do the animals get their bright colors and toxic poisons? Warning colors can be passed down to certain animals from their parents, and other animals get them from the foods they eat. Just because some animals have bright colors does not always mean they are toxic. Some animals, also known as mimics, copy the colors of toxic animals so they can protect themselves from being eaten. We will explore how poisonous animals show their true colors, and how non-poisonous animals that display the same signals can also be protected from predators. You may notice similar connections between color and warning signals all around you!","PeriodicalId":73060,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers for young minds","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140250377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Vodovotz, Julia C. Arciero, P. Verschure, David L. Katz
{"title":"The Cycle of Stress: From Individuals to the World and Back","authors":"Y. Vodovotz, Julia C. Arciero, P. Verschure, David L. Katz","doi":"10.3389/frym.2023.1229085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2023.1229085","url":null,"abstract":"Stress is a feeling of being worried, scared, or overwhelmed, caused by challenging situations or big life changes. Not all stress is bad, and some kinds of stress, like exercise, can even be good for us. However, when stress is severe or lasts a long time, it can harm our health. Severe stress causes inflammation, which is the body’s way of protecting itself. Inflammation helps the body heal, but long-lasting inflammation can lead to health problems. Stress can also affect the brain, making it hard to think clearly or make good decisions. In our work, we linked all these stress-related factors together (using math) to explain our hypothesis that stress can spread from person to person through our actions, words, and body language—and even over social media—until it affects whole societies and eventually the entire planet! This is a dangerous cycle that can lead to even more stress and inflammation, making problems worse. To break the cycle, we each need to focus on reducing stress in our own lives.","PeriodicalId":73060,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers for young minds","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140249790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cinthya Soledad Manjarrez-Rangel, María Cristina Del Rincón-Castro, E. Piovano, G. Zanor
{"title":"What Kinds of Organisms Have Lived in a Lake? DNA Tells Us!","authors":"Cinthya Soledad Manjarrez-Rangel, María Cristina Del Rincón-Castro, E. Piovano, G. Zanor","doi":"10.3389/frym.2024.1252490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2024.1252490","url":null,"abstract":"There are many organisms living in lakes, for example, fish, aquatic plants, microalgae, and bacteria. But have you wondered what organisms have inhabited a lake throughout its history? Are there any species that are no longer found in the lake today? Has the ecosystem changed over time? When they die, most lake organisms leave their remains (pollen, shells, fossils, and DNA). Remains are preserved for many years in the sediments deposited at the lake bottom. Scientists are using an exciting technology that identifies organisms from DNA extracted from sediments that are over 100 years old. In this article, we will tell you how DNA is preserved in sediments at the bottom of lakes and how it is used to find out which organisms were present in the past and which are still living in a lake today.","PeriodicalId":73060,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers for young minds","volume":"106 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140251629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emily Monk, Karli Weatherill, Chris Ray, Ashley Whipple, Johanna Varner
{"title":"How Will Climate Change Affect Pikas’ Favorite Snacks?","authors":"Emily Monk, Karli Weatherill, Chris Ray, Ashley Whipple, Johanna Varner","doi":"10.3389/frym.2024.1331857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2024.1331857","url":null,"abstract":"Many animals are herbivores, which means they get all their nutrients from eating plants. American pikas are cute rabbit relatives that eat plants in the mountains. But alpine winters are harsh, so pikas spend their entire summer gathering and storing plants to eat under the winter snow. Just like people, pikas in Colorado have a favorite food: a plant called alpine avens. This plant species is a special pika snack because it contains natural preservatives called phenolics, which keep the food fresh all winter. We studied how climate change is affecting this important feature of the pika’s favorite meal. Alpine avens contains more phenolics now than it did 30 years ago, so they preserve better in storage. But there is a catch: these preservatives can be hard to digest. Studies like this help us start to understand the many complicated ways that climate change affects herbivores like pikas.","PeriodicalId":73060,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers for young minds","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140252884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Colleen R. Miller, Jennifer L. Houtz, Nicole Mejia, Natalie J. Morris, M. Pipkin, Anusha Shankar, Jennifer J. Uehling, Jessie L. Williamson, Maren N. Vitousek
{"title":"What Can Tree Swallows Teach Us About Biology?","authors":"Colleen R. Miller, Jennifer L. Houtz, Nicole Mejia, Natalie J. Morris, M. Pipkin, Anusha Shankar, Jennifer J. Uehling, Jessie L. Williamson, Maren N. Vitousek","doi":"10.3389/frym.2024.1274157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2024.1274157","url":null,"abstract":"Tree swallows are North American birds that can help us understand more about biology. We already know a lot about tree swallows because they are easy to work with. These birds are popular for scientists to study. We know a lot about bird health, migration, and nesting because of tree swallows. However, tree swallows are declining because of climate change, insect loss, and habitat destruction. You can help by becoming a community scientist! Tree swallows are fascinating birds that everyone can help conserve. And along the way, we can learn more about our world.","PeriodicalId":73060,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers for young minds","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140254098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Shoib Nawaz, Muhammad Suleman, Barbara J. Campbell
{"title":"How Certain Soil Bacteria Can Help Plants Grow Better","authors":"Muhammad Shoib Nawaz, Muhammad Suleman, Barbara J. Campbell","doi":"10.3389/frym.2024.1227902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2024.1227902","url":null,"abstract":"Often, the first thing that comes to mind when we think about bacteria is that they are harmful and cause diseases. However, this is not entirely true. Almost all bacteria are beneficial to humans, animals, or plants. In this article, we focus specifically on the bacteria that benefit plants. You may be surprised to learn that these bacteria are not just helpful to plants, but essential for plant survival. These beneficial bacteria provide plants with necessary nutrients from the soil, reduce the effects of environmental stresses, and protect plants from harmful bacteria and other enemies. That is why these bacteria are known as plant growth-promoting bacteria. As you read, you will learn about the functions and mechanisms of these essential bacteria.","PeriodicalId":73060,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers for young minds","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140252976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Body Image During Puberty: What Happens to How Kids Feel About Their Bodies?","authors":"Savannah R. Roberts, S. Gorrell, Daniel Le Grange","doi":"10.3389/frym.2024.1178387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2024.1178387","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescence, the period between childhood and adulthood, is a time when significant changes happen to the human body. These changes, called puberty, signify the time during which humans develop into adults. During puberty, changes in weight, height, and muscle size leave many adolescents feeling unhappy with their appearance. We describe how these changes affect body image, which is the way that adolescents feel about their bodies. First, we discuss how a negative body image can be a risk factor for eating disorders and depression. Second, we highlight the body positivity movement, which encourages people to love their bodies no matter what they look like. Lastly, we describe body neutrality, an attitude that celebrates bodies for what they allow us to do, rather than for their appearance. Together, these body image concepts can help people to understand how physical changes that accompany puberty might affect mental health.","PeriodicalId":73060,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers for young minds","volume":"28 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Davide D’Angelo, Olga Cannavacciuolo, F. Taranto, Nunzio D’Agostino
{"title":"Seed Banks: Storing the World’s Plants for the Future","authors":"Davide D’Angelo, Olga Cannavacciuolo, F. Taranto, Nunzio D’Agostino","doi":"10.3389/frym.2024.1204137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2024.1204137","url":null,"abstract":"Although you may have visited a bank in your lifetime, maybe to deposit or withdraw money, it is likely that you have never been to a seed bank. These buildings do not contain money or gold bars but instead hold something even more precious: the seeds or other materials of plants belonging to over 50,000 species—~12.5% of all known plant species. Human pressures on natural ecosystems threaten many plants, and protecting the vast array of plant life on Earth is critical for assuring that we can grow enough food for everyone on the planet in the years to come. For this reason, scientists have thought of freezing seeds and/or other parts of plants to preserve them and make them available for the future. Seed banks also allow scientists to study the history of certain plants, and these banks can provide them with the resources needed to change some plant traits in helpful ways.","PeriodicalId":73060,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers for young minds","volume":"23 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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