Fortune journal of health sciences最新文献

{"title":"Side-Effects of Oxford-Astra Zeneca (Covishield) Vaccine Reported by Medical Doctors in Bangladesh","authors":"Zahin Arefin, A.H.M Golam Kibria, Md. Tareq Khan Tipu","doi":"10.26502/fjhs.085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fjhs.085","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study was to determine self-reported side effects (local and systemic) after 1 st dose of ChAdOx1-S recombinant COVID-19 (Covishield) vaccine among medical doctors in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods : A cross sectional online survey was conducted among medical doctors who received 1 st dose of ChAdOx1-S recombinant COVID-19 vaccine and willingly volunteered to take part were included in the study using non probability sampling. Responses were received using semi structured questionnaire through Google form link. Logistic regression analysis was done to investigate the association between different parameters in the development of side effects of the vaccine. Result: During March-April 2021, 1265 Bangladeshi doctors who have received one dose of the vaccine participated in the survey. More than 95% (1203) of participants experienced some side effects after vaccination. Over 80% (1077) of participants experienced pain and 12.8% reported swelling at injection site. Above half of the participants experienced malaise, fever, and headache. However, most of the symptoms were mild to moderate in intensity. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of developing side effects after vaccination was associated with respondents increasing age (OR: 1.1; CI: 1.0-1.1; p = 0.001) and gender (OR for female: 2.2; CI: 1.2-4.0; p = 0.013). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine was well tolerated by Bangladeshi doctors, which may encourage doctors to promote the vaccine to their patients and increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the general population.","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69347672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune Response to COVID-19 in India through Vaccination and Natural Infection.","authors":"Tresa Rani Sarraf,&nbsp;Shreyasi Maity,&nbsp;Arjun Ghosh,&nbsp;Suchandan Bhattacharjee,&nbsp;Arijit Pani,&nbsp;Kaushik Saha,&nbsp;Dhrubajyoti Chattopadhyay,&nbsp;Gourisankar Ghosh,&nbsp;Malini Sen","doi":"10.26502/fjhs.070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fjhs.070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In India, COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease-2019) continues to this day, although with subdued intensity, following two major waves of viral infection. Despite ongoing vaccination drives to curb the spread of COVID-19, the relative potential of the administered vaccines to render immune protection to the general population and their advantage over natural infection remain undocumented. In this study, we examined the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses induced by the two vaccines Covishield and Covaxin, in individuals living in and around Kolkata, India. We also compared the immune responses induced separately by vaccination and natural infection. Our results indicate that although Covishield generates a better humoral immune response toward SARS-CoV-2, both vaccines are almost equivalent in terms of cell-mediated immune response to the virus. Both Covishield and Covaxin, however, are more effective toward the wild-type virus than the Delta variant. Additionally, the overall immune response resulting from natural infection in and around Kolkata is not only similar to that generated by vaccination but the cell-mediated immune response to SARS-CoV-2 also lasts for at least ten months in some individuals after the viral infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"5 3","pages":"432-454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10257406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9998660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linkage between Productive Safety Net Program and Health Services in Somali Region, Ethiopia: Lessons, Challenges and Missed Opportunities","authors":"Oladeji Olusola, Elmi Farah Abdifatah, Robin Ann","doi":"10.26502/fjhs.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fjhs.042","url":null,"abstract":"Abstarct Background The fourth phase of Ethiopia‟s Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP 4) included a system of integrated health and nutrition service delivery for its categories of beneficiaries. This include the creation of a temporary direct support (TDS) category for clients that are pregnant and lactating women or caregivers of malnourished children, who are exempted from public work but expected to comply with coresponsibilities which counts towards their public works requirement. This is aimed at improving utilization of health and nutrition services.","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69346881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impulsivity and High Risk Behaviour among Male and Female Alcohol Dependent Patients","authors":"A. K, Pawan kumar Reddy CM","doi":"10.26502/fjhs.057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fjhs.057","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Impulsivity as a personality trait is associated with high risk behaviour among alcohol dependents but the relationship between these two variables has been largely overlooked in addressing Alcohol Dependence Syndrome Objectives: To study the relationship between impulsivity and High Risk Behaviour among alcohol dependent patients Methods: The study was conducted in a clinical setting using an explorative study design and non-probability sampling method on 178 male and 22 female alcohol dependent patients in 2011. The tools used prior to sample selection include; ICD-10, CIWA-AD, MMSE, SOADQ, and the HRBQ and BIS were used to assess high risk behaviour and impulsivity respectively. Results and Discussion: Significant association was found between all the three variables i.e., High impulsivity (p-value=0.000), Low impulsivity (P-vale=0.000), Severity of alcohol dependence (p-value=0.000) and High risk behavior (Road Traffic accidents, Crime and violence, Self-injurious behavior, Risky sexual behavior) in the sample. In addition, significant difference between the groups of Severity of alcohol dependence Conclusion: The findings of the present study allows to conclude that there was significant influence of gender (-3.260**) and education (-2.350*) on High Risk Behaviour of the sample and impulsivity as a personality construct is significantly associated with the high risk behaviour and severity of alcohol dependence. These results also indicate a strong need for intervention to address the personality traits related to severity of alcohol dependence to control relapses in treatment of Alcohol Dependence.","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69347093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence of health care practitioners to WHO management guidelines for malaria in Ijebu Ode, Nigeria","authors":"Owolabi Emmanuel Sokefun, Fisayo Tolulope Afuye, O.A. Onileere, Onikepe Folarin","doi":"10.26502/fjhs.064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fjhs.064","url":null,"abstract":"Adherence to treatment guidelines is pivotal to malaria control, and ultimately the actualization of the malaria eradication agenda in Africa. This study assessed malaria management practices among health care practitioners in Ijebu Ode community, Ogun State, Nigeria. Structured questionnaires measuring treatment practices were administered to consenting health care practitioners in the study area. Responses were scored and compared to national and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for malaria management. Fifty-one (51) responses comprising mostly of doctors (56.86%) were utilized out of 54 participants enrolled. Consecutive adults (>18 years old) had the greatest susceptibility to malaria from the study. Presumptive diagnosis (82.33%) with (74.49%) or without (7.84%) the combination of other methods was the most reported form of diagnosis while were equal across private (2.3±0.9) and government-owned (2.3±1.4) hospitals with the only difference observed in the standard deviation. Lack of funding and necessary equipment was reasons reported to hinder performance. Management practices of health care institutions in the study area are average, and a multifaceted approach is needed to ensure strict compliance with national and WHO malaria management guidelines to achieve the malaria eradication agenda.","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69347101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Knowledge, Perception, Attitude, Risk Factors Prevention and Treatment Options of Cancer Among Natives in Elgon Sub-Region, Uganda","authors":"Ali Kudamba, Shaban A. Okurut, Hussein M. Kafeero, Hakimu Nsubuga, A. Walusansa, Jamilu E. Ssenku","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1141228/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1141228/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background\u0000\u0000Globally, cancer is one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality and most cancers are due to infections and so, are preventable. Studies have shown that cancer prevention has been possible through intensified healthcare education but such information is poorly documented in Elgon sub-region. Therefore, our study was aimed at assessing cancer indigenous knowledge among natives in Elgon sub-region.\u0000Method\u0000\u0000Mixed methods research design were adopted. A total of 73 participants, selected through snowball sampling technique were involved. Data collection was done through pretested questionnaires. MedCalc version, 20.008 was used for data analysis and results were presented in tables and figures.\u0000Result\u0000\u0000Majority of the study participants were males (58%), aged between 46 – 55 years (58%), Ugandans (90%) and married (67%). Most of them had inadequate knowledge about cancer (p<0.05) and highlighted sores that slightly heal at any body parts as well as blood in faeces as putative predictors of cancer infection (p<0.005). A total of nine cancer types were documented and cervical was the most prevalent (p<0.0001). Smoking was the most pronounced cancer associated risk factor (p<0.0001) and avoiding smoking was perceived as the major prevention option (p<0.0001). No cancer treatment options in cancer treatment cited in this area (p<0.172).\u0000Conclusion\u0000\u0000The natives had limited knowledge and poor perception of cancer due low literacy level. Therefore, there is need to intensify on cancer health education programs through the word of mouths and radio talk shows. The plant medicinal plant used in cancer treatment needs to be documented.","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44475719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Willingness to Comply with Public Health Measures for COVID-19 Among Incoming Air Travelers Into Nigeria from High-Risk Countries: A Cross-Sectional Analysis","authors":"I. S. Usuwa, C. Umeokonkwo, Muhammad Shakir Balogun, C. Akpa, I. Zubairu, U. Osigwe, A. Olorukooba, Chukwuemeka Steve Oguanuo, E. Bamgboye, P. Ononigwe, A. Malgwi, C. Enumah, K. Elimian, Abdullai Lawal Iyanda, Morenike Alex-Okoh, J. Oladejo, P. Nguku, Chikwe Iheweazu","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1030047/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1030047/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Complying with guidelines established to control COVID-19 pandemic is critical to the successful outcome of the response. We assessed the willingness of non-symptomatic incoming international air travelers into Nigeria to comply with COVID-19 public health measures upon arrival and identified the factors influencing them- March 2020. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 500 incoming international air travelers involving 17 nationals across four major international airports in Nigeria using a pre-tested self-administered electronic questionnaire. We estimated the proportions and determined predictors of participants’ willingness to comply with the COVID-19 preventive measures. Predictors were examined using multiple logistic regression at 5% level of significance.Results: Majority (83%) were extremely/very willing to comply with public health guidelines. Perception of severity was a significant predictor of their willingness to stay at home for 14 days upon arrival (AOR: 6.82, 95 CI%: 1.19-24.45). Self -efficacy towards observing self for COVID-19 symptoms was a significant predictor of willingness to observe self for symptoms (AOR: 6.82, 95%CI: 1.19-24.45), and willingness to call of national COVID-19 numbers if symptoms develop (AOR: 6.82, 95% CI: 1.19-24.45). Conclusion: There is a need to improve risk communication interventions against COVID-19 for international air travelers particularly enhancing self-efficacy to improve their compliance to public health measures","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45260272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outpatient COVID-19 Pneumonia In Elderly Patients In Kazakhstan","authors":"Essetova G. U., Idrissova L.R, Muminov T.A","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1000355/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1000355/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 COVID pneumonia is difficult to manage in elderly patients over 65 years of age.The aim of the study was to determine the clinical features of the course of COVID pneumonia in a cohort of patients over 65 years old.Materials and methods: We observed patients with community-acquired pneumonia, of whom PCR positive for COVID were 33 patients, mean age 67.6 ± 12 years, men – 11, women – 22; 16 patients had no confirmed virus (COVID PCR negative), mean age 65.5 ± 8.2 years, 7 women and 9 men.Examination results: in the group of COVID patients, the disease more often proceeded according to the type of bilateral polysegmental pneumonia according to CT data, with severe monocytosis, с thrombocytosis and transient increase in creatinine, which required the appointment of intensive anticoagulant therapy. Arterial hypertension was observed in the majority of people. In the control group (PCR -), pneumonia proceeded predominantly as bronchopneumonia, saturation indices were approximately the same in both groups. COVID patients had significantly higher levels of monocytes, blood platelets, CRP, creatinine levels, including arterial hypertension was more common.Conclusion: COVID pneumonia in elderly patients proceeds as multisegmented bilateral pneumonia with moderate disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, which is well controlled due to complex therapy with anticoagulants and antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47957137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FDA-Approved Excipient N,N-Dimethylacetamide Attenuates Inflammatory Bowel Disease in In-Vitro and In-Vivo Models","authors":"J. Koya, Tong Shen, Geming Lu, Alex G. Gauthier, L. Mantell, C. Ashby, S. Reznik","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-948100/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-948100/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects almost 7 million people worldwide and is increasing in incidence. While the precise pathogenesis of IBD remains unknown, the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines play a central role. We have previously found that N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), a widely used non-toxic drug excipient, suppresses cytokine and chemokine secretion in vitro and prevents inflammation-induced preterm birth in vivo. Using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), we tested whether DMA attenuates cytokine and chemokine secretion from LPS- or TNFa-stimulated human intestinal epithelial cells and human monocytes and HMGB1 release from RAW 264.7 cells. To test our hypothesis that the mechanism of DMA’s effects in in-vitro and in-vivo models of IBD is inhibition of the NF-kB pathway, we used western blotting to track levels of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) inhibitory molecule I kappa B alpha (IkBa) in THP-1 human monocytes in the absence or presence of DMA. Finally, we induced colitis in C57Bl/6 mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and then tested whether daily i.p injections of DMA at 2.1 g/kg/day attenuates clinical and histopathologic signs of colitis. DMA attenuated cytokine and chemokine release from human intestinal epithelial cells and human monocytes and HMGB1 release from RAW 264.7 cells. Importantly, DMA prevented degradation of IkBa in THP-1 cells, thereby suggesting one mechanism for DMA’s effects. Finally, we show here, for the first time, that DMA attenuates clinical and histologic features of DSS-induced colitis. Based on these data, DMA should be further explored in preclinical and clinical trials for its potential as novel drug therapy for IBD.","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49301416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Antibody Cocktail Therapy Combined with Casirivimab and Imdevimab on Clinical Outcome for Covid-19 patients in A Real-Life Setting: A Single Institute Analysis","authors":"Y. Kakinoki, K. Yamada, Y. Tanino, K. Suzuki, T. Ichikawa, A. Nakamura, S. Kukita, A. Uehara, S. Saito, S. Kuroda, H. Sakagami, Y. Nagashima, K. Takahashi, S. Suzuki","doi":"10.1101/2021.10.10.21264589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.10.10.21264589","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background. Recent data from clinical trial suggest that antibody cocktail therapy, a combination of the monoclonal antibodies casirivimab and imdevimab, has been shown to rapidly reduce the viral load and markedly decrease the risk of hospitalization or death among high-risk patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). However, it remains unclear how effective in a real-life clinical setting the therapy is. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed mild to moderate Covid-19 patients with one or more high-risk factors for severe disease who consecutively underwent the antibody cocktail therapy of the disease in our institute in June 2021 through early September 2021, compared to those with high-risk factors who were isolated in non-medical facilities consecutively during the same period, thereby being not given the antibody cocktail therapy there. The key outcome was the percentage of patients with Covid-19-related deterioration which needed additional medical interventions, such as oxygen support or other antiviral therapies. Results. Data from 55 patients with initially receiving antibody cocktail therapy and 53 patients with isolation into non-medical facilities are analyzed. 22 (41.5 %) of 53 patients with isolation facilities were finally hospitalized to receive medical interventions. On the other hand, 13 (23.6 %) of 55 patients with antibody cocktail therapy in our hospital subsequently underwent further medical interventions because of the progression. In multivariate analysis with variables of age, BMI, and high-risk factors, the antibody cocktail therapy significantly reduced 70 % in the need for further medical interventions compared to the initial isolation in the non-medical facilities (odds ratio=0.30, 95%CI [0.10-0.87], p=0.027). Furthermore, patients with 96% or above of SPO2 were significantly more favorable for the therapy than those with 95% or below of SPO2. Conclusion. The treatment of antibody cocktail was closely linked to reduction in the need for further medical interventions. The result indicates that the antibody cocktail therapy is associated with reducing the strain on hospitals, which is related to the improvement of medical management for public health care in Covid-19 pandemic era.","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41781008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}