Fortune journal of health sciences最新文献

{"title":"Pathophysiological Drivers of Mast Cell Activation Syndrome and Implications for Treatment.","authors":"Spencer Collins, Tyler Williams, Edgar Sanchez, Devendra K Agrawal","doi":"10.26502/fjhs.427","DOIUrl":"10.26502/fjhs.427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) is an underrecognized multisystem disorder causing nonspecific and diverse symptoms, making it difficult for clinicians to diagnose and treat. This comprehensive review provides an overview of the signs and symptoms of MCAS while investigating the known pathophysiological signaling pathways and mediators that contribute to mast cell (MC) dysregulation. Unraveling the mechanisms of MC activation is essential for elucidating the underlying disease and exploring techniques to improve quality of life. Immunoglobulin E (IgE)- and non-IgE-mediated pathways are emphasized in addition to the various intracellular signaling like PI3K/Akt/mTOR, RAS/MAPK, and JAK/STAT that play pivotal roles in the amplification of MC activation and dysregulation. After activation of intracellular pathways, MC degranulation releases mediators, notably histamine, tryptase, heparin, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and cytokines, thus facilitating further aberrant regulation. Finally, with a thorough understanding of these advanced molecular processes, there are numerous opportunities to be able to apply specialized inhibitors and novel therapies for treating MCAS. With antihistamines remaining the most well-established first-line treatment, the goal is to continue strengthening research in the field through education on the immunology of MCAS and to encourage discoveries that improve diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"9 3","pages":"344-359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13465963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148725206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Preparation of Carrier-Free Self-Assembled Aqueous Nanoformulations of Ten BCS Class II Drugs, Propofol, and Hydroxyapatite Using FAST Nanotechnology.","authors":"Stephen Hsu, Hongfang Yu, Archith Philip, Amani Mouna, Brendan Marshall, Douglas Dickinson","doi":"10.26502/fjhs.434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fjhs.434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poor aqueous solubility remains a major barrier to the development, repurposing, and improved delivery of clinically important small-molecule drugs. This formulation problem is especially relevant to Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II drugs, for which dissolution rather than membrane permeability may limit absorption and translational testing. Here, we evaluated Facilitated Self-Assembling Technology (FAST) as a rapid, carrier-free aqueous nanoformulation platform for ten representative BCS Class II drugs, propofol, and Omyadent HA100 hydroxyapatite as an inorganic oral-care material. FAST generated nanoscale aqueous suspensions across the drug panel, with negative zeta potentials and no visible macroscopic precipitation, sedimentation, aggregation, phase separation, or foam formation under the visual assessment conditions. Transmission electron microscopy of propofol, itraconazole, rifampin, and HA100 suspensions supported diverse nanoscale morphologies, including rounded particles, heterogeneous particle clusters, and irregular mineral clusters. Itraconazole showed coexisting rod-like electron-dense structures consistent with possible crystalline/nanocrystalline material and rounded nanoscale particles, supporting future investigation of morphology-controlled reformulation. FAST-processed HA100 showed nanoscale mineral clusters, indicating that FAST may extend beyond hydrophobic organic drugs to inorganic materials. This study establishes a formulation-feasibility framework and supports further evaluation of FAST as a clean, rapid, carrier-free platform for early formulation screening, value-added reformulation of approved drugs, AI-assisted drug discovery, topical/local delivery concepts, and future oral-care applications, subject to determination of improved dissolution, pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, or efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"9 3","pages":"417-428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13637497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the Natural History of Benign DICER1-Related Lesions and Identifying Predictors of Malignancy.","authors":"Varsha Karthikeyan, Devendra K Agrawal","doi":"10.26502/fjhs.407","DOIUrl":"10.26502/fjhs.407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>DICER1 syndrome is a complex autosomal dominant tumor predisposition disorder characterized by a distinct chronological progression of benign and malignant lesions. By mapping the transition from early-childhood pulmonary and renal manifestations to the adolescent emergence of endocrine and reproductive neoplasms, this review provides a longitudinal framework for clinical vigilance. Central to this analysis is the molecular \"two-hit\" mechanism, specifically investigating how somatic hotspot mutations in the RNase IIIb domain disrupt the miR-140/FGF9 signaling axis and the <i>let-7</i> feedback loop. The review identifies the neomorphic \"Argonaute strand switch\" as a primary driver of pathogenesis, resulting in a diagnostic 3p-strand bias that fuels sarcomatous transformation. Beyond the molecular substrate, we define the critical radiographic and clinical markers of malignancy, such as rapid volumetric growth, cystic solidification, and the detection of somatic hotspots via high-sensitivity droplet digital PCR. By integrating the 2024 international surveillance standards with emerging technologies, including Vision Transformer-based radiographic analysis and circulating tumor DNA monitoring, this review offers a proactive, evidence-based roadmap for identifying the predictors of malignancy and better management of the disease. Ultimately, this synthesis aims to equip clinicians and other healthcare profesionals with the predictive tools necessary to achieve definitive cures while minimizing the cumulative clinical and psychological burden on this genetically vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"9 2","pages":"173-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13120781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Atomic Force Microscopy analysis of Exosomes derived from Tumor Associated pluripotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells.","authors":"Tanmay Kulkarni, Simone Newell, Erik Armstrong, Narendra Banerjee, Jasmine Cuffee, Hirendra Banerjee, Santanu Bhattacharya","doi":"10.26502/fjhs.388","DOIUrl":"10.26502/fjhs.388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes are recognized as critical mediators within the tumor microenvironment (TME), exerting both pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects depending on contextual factors. These vesicles are also gaining attention for their potential as therapeutic vehicles in regenerative medicine and targeted drug delivery. However, the influence of the TME on the physical characteristics of MSC-derived exosomes remains poorly understood. In this study, we utilized Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to investigate the morphological and nanomechanical properties of MSC-derived exosomes under standard and TME-like conditions. AFM imaging in fluid mode preserved the native structure of exosomes and enabled high-resolution analysis of their topography, surface roughness, stiffness, adhesion, and deformation. AFM offers unique advantages in exosome research by enabling label-free, nanoscale analysis of vesicle properties in near-physiological conditions. The ability to detect such subtle but functionally significant changes highlights the relevance of AFM in exosome characterization and quality assessment. Our results revealed that exposure to the TME induces marked changes in exosomal membrane morphology and mechanical behavior, including increased surface heterogeneity, higher stiffness, and altered adhesive interactions. These biophysical alterations may reflect changes in membrane composition and protein or lipid cargo, potentially affecting exosome function, uptake, and therapeutic efficacy. Overall, our findings provide new insights into how the TME modulates MSC exosome biophysics and underscore the utility of AFM-based techniques for advancing the development of exosome-based diagnostics and therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"25-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12885364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146159485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Healthcare Providers in Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancer Screening.","authors":"Alexys Ferguson, Aaliyah Gray, Leela Subhashini Choudary Alluri, Krishna Patel, Monica Bean, Kandyce Kirt, Doney Eden, Lauren Jordan, Aleah Jackson, Samuel E Adunyah, Pandu Gangula, James E Cade, Zaid H Khoury","doi":"10.26502/fjhs.357","DOIUrl":"10.26502/fjhs.357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The oral cavity plays a vital role in the early detection and progression of systemic diseases, yet it is often underexamined by primary health care providers during medical evaluations. The global increase in both incidence and mortality rates of oral and oropharyngeal cancer (OC/OPC) highlights the urgent need for interprofessional collaboration of dentists and primary healthcare providers to mitigate this public health burden. Many at-risk patients are diagnosed at advanced stages, largely due to limited awareness among patients and healthcare providers, and a lack of affordability and accessibility to care. This results in a poor quality of life and, in some cases, death. The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of head and neck examinations, introduce the application of a simplified oral cancer screening and referral form, and review common benign and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs).</p>","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"8 4","pages":"948-957"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13037948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147596431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beware the Little Foxes that Spoil the Vines: Small Inconsistencies in Clinical Data Can Distort Machine Learning Findings.","authors":"Abdolvahab Khademi, Mark S Tuttle, Qing Zeng-Treitler, Stuart J Nelson","doi":"10.26502/fjhs.348","DOIUrl":"10.26502/fjhs.348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is well known that Electronic Health Records (EHR) data contain inconsistent and inaccurate data, the effect of which on predictive model performance and risk/benefit factor identification are often neglected. This study investigates how varying levels of random and non-random binary differences, often referred to as \"noise\", affect modeling tools, such as logistic regression, support vector machines, and gradient boosting models. Using curated data from the All of Us database, we simulated different noise levels to mimic real-world variability. Across all models and noise types, increased noise consistently reduced classification accuracy. More importantly, noise diminished the variance of variable impact scores while leaving their means unchanged, suggesting a muted ability to identify key predictors. These findings imply that even modest noise levels can obscure meaningful signals. Measures like accuracy and hazard ratios may thus be misleading in noisy data contexts. The consistency of effects across models and noise mechanisms suggests this issue stems from inherent data variability rather than model brittleness, with broad implications for EHR data analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"8 3","pages":"872-879"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13086067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"County Mammogram Uptake can be Predicted from Social Determinants of Health, but Patterns Do Not Hold for Individual Patients.","authors":"Matthew Davis, Kit Simpson, Vanessa Diaz, Alexander V Alekseyenko","doi":"10.26502/fjhs.171","DOIUrl":"10.26502/fjhs.171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The objective of this study is to describe patterns in barriers to breast cancer screening uptake with the end goal of improving screening adherence and decreasing the burden of mortality due to breast cancer. This study looks at social determinants of health and their association to screening and mortality. It also investigates the extent that models trained on county data are generalizable to individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>County level screening uptake and age adjusted mortality due to breast cancer are combined with the Centers for Disease Controls Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) to train a model predicting screening uptake rates. Patterns learned are then applied to de-identified electronic medical records from individual patients to make predictions on mammogram screening follow through.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Accurate predictions can be made about a county's breast cancer screening uptake with the SVI. However, the association between increased screening, and decreased age adjusted mortality, doesn't hold in areas with a high proportion of minority residents. It is also shown that patterns learned from county SVI data have little discriminative power at the patient level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that social determinants in the SVI can explain much of the variance in county breast cancer screening rates. However, these same patterns fail to discriminate which patients will have timely follow through of a mammogram screening test. This study also concludes that the core association between increased screening and decreased age adjusted mortality does not hold in high proportion minority areas.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to describe patterns in social determinants of health and their association with female breast cancer screening uptake, age adjusted breast cancer mortality rate and the extent that models trained on county data are generalizable to individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"128-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11034937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment Strategies of Concussions: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Zubair Ahmed, Fihr Chaudhary, Marcel P Fraix, Devendra K Agrawal","doi":"10.26502/fjhs.178","DOIUrl":"10.26502/fjhs.178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A concussion is a particular manifestation of a traumatic brain injury, which is the leading cause of mortality and disabilities across the globe. The global prevalence of traumatic brain injury is estimated to be 939 instances per 100,000 individuals, with approximately 5.48 million people per year experiencing severe traumatic brain injury. Epidemiology varies amongst different countries by socioeconomic status with diverse clinical manifestations. Additionally, classifying concussions is an ambiguous process as clinical diagnoses are the only current classification method, and morbidity rates differ by demographic location as well as populations examined. In this article, we critically reviewed the pathophysiology of concussions, classification methods, treatment options available including both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic intervention methods, etiologies as well as global etiologic differences associated with them, and clinical manifestations along with their associated morbidities. Furthermore, analysis of the current research regarding the incidence of concussion based traumatic brain injuries and future directions are discussed. Investigation on the efficacy of new therapeutic-related interventions such as exosome therapy and electromagnetic field stimulation are warranted to properly manage and treat concussion-induced traumatic brain injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"7 2","pages":"197-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11067689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140872428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Chemistry of Gold Nanoparticles Modulates Cytokines and Nanomechanical Properties in Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines: A Correlative Study.","authors":"Tanmay Kulkarni, Ramcharan Singh Angom, Enfeng Wang, Debabrata Mukhopadhyay, Santanu Bhattacharya","doi":"10.26502/fjhs.170","DOIUrl":"10.26502/fjhs.170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surface chemistry of nanoparticles play significant role in their cellular interaction. Along with other group, we previously demonstrated that dynamic alteration of cell membrane during uptake of gold nanoparticles can be thoroughly probed by nanomechanical properties of cell membrane. Additionally, endocytosis influences intracellular cytokines expression that also impact membrane stiffness. Hence, we have hypothesized that surface chemistry of gold nanoparticles influences intracellular cytokines which in turn imparts dynamic alteration of nanomechanical properties of cellular membrane of pancreatic cancer cells. Various gold nanoparticles decorated with targeting peptide, polyethylene glycol or their combinations have been used to treat two pancreatic cancer cell lines, Panc-1 and AsPC1, for 1 and 24 hours. Atomic force microscope is used to measure linear and nonlinear nanomechanical properties of cell membrane. Intracellular cytokine has been measured using real time polymeric chain reaction. We evaluated several criteria such as receptor dependent vs independent, PEGylated vs non-PEGylated and different timepoints, to deduce correlations between cytokines and nanomechanical attributes. We have identified unique relationship pro-tumorigenic cytokines with both linear and non-linear nanomechanical properties of Panc-1 and AsPC1 cell membrane during uptake of pristine gold nanoparticles or for PEGylation and for targeting peptide conjugation at the nanoparticle surface.</p>","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"112-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11065124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140860772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relevance of Cultural, Fatalistic and Psychosocial Factors in Breast Cancer Screening Behavior in Middle Age and Older Women","authors":"L. Cermignani, Martin E. Rabassa, María Virginia Croce","doi":"10.26502/fjhs.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/fjhs.101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73052,"journal":{"name":"Fortune journal of health sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69347340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}