厄立特里亚红海北部阿法贝特市社区关于环境卫生、个人卫生和家庭用水的知识和实践:横断面研究

Berhe Tesfai, Hagos Milkyas, Fitsum Kibreab, Meron Goitom, Hermon Berhe, A. Amine
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:水和卫生设施是享有负担得起的获取和卫生设施的人权。本研究的目的是确定环境卫生、个人卫生和用水方面的知识和做法,并估计阿贝特市腹泻的患病率。方法:采用基于社区的描述性横断面研究,采用多阶段整群抽样技术。首先,从全市选出12个集群,每个集群提名30户。然后,共抽样360人,并对每个户主进行访谈。数据收集于2020年12月05-20日,采用结构化访谈问卷和现场观察法。使用卡方检验确定变量的交叉表和关联,并使用整群抽样对结果进行加权。结果:共纳入调查对象360人,其中女性占75.3%,穆斯林占99.0%。约有66.2%及66.9%的回答者对收到的食水数量及水质感到满意。2020年最后6个月社区腹泻患病率为13.0%。调查人员实际认可90.7%的社区有功能性厕所,仅5.7%的社区居住面积有粪便。社区的综合良好知识和实践分别为99.4%和93.0%。他们的综合知识和实践与年龄、性别、婚姻状况、受教育程度、家庭规模和与市政水源的距离显著相关(p<0.001)。此外,他们的综合知识和实践、腹泻的流行、厕所的存在、他们的家到市政水源的距离和洗手习惯与研究参与者的行政区域显著相关(p<0.001)。结论:社区居民有良好的知识和实践水平,但腹泻患病率较高。厕所使用率很高,但肥皂、个人卫生和食品卫生的使用率略低。综合实践水平、腹泻患病率、与城市水源的距离和洗手实践与行政区域有关。强烈建议加强环境卫生、个人卫生和提供充足和清洁的水。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Community Knowledge and Practice on Sanitation, Hygiene and Household Water Utilization in Afabet City, Northern Red Sea Zone of Eritrea: Cross Sectional Study
Background: Water and sanitation entitles the human right to affordable access and sanitation. The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge and practice on sanitation, hygiene and water utilization and to estimate the prevalence of diarrhea in Afabet city.Methods: It was a community-based descriptive cross-sectional type of study with a multistage cluster sampling technique. First, 12 clusters were selected from the city and 30 households were nominated from each cluster. Then, a total of 360 individuals were sampled and every family head was interviewed. A structured interviewer administered questionnaire and field observation was used for data collection from December 05-20, 2020. Cross tabulation and association of variables using chi-square test was determined and results were weighted as cluster sampling was used. Results: A total of 360 respondents were enrolled in the study with females (75.3%) and Muslin (99.0%) predominance. About 66.2% and 66.9% respondents were satisfied with the amount and quality of water they received respectively. The prevalence of diarrhea in the community in the last six months of 2020 was 13.0%. The investigators practically approved that 90.7% of the communities revealed functional toilets and feces were observed in only 5.7% of the living area of the community. The community’s comprehensive good knowledge and practice was 99.4% and 93.0% respectively. Their comprehensive knowledge and practice showed significant association with age, sex, marital status, level of education, household size and distance to municipality water source (p<0.001). Furthermore, their comprehensive knowledge and practice, prevalence of diarrhea, presence of latrine, distance from their home to municipality water source and hand washing practice were significantly associated with the administrative area of the study participants (p<0.001).Conclusion: The community had good level of knowledge and practice but the prevalence of diarrhea was relatively high. Latrines were highly utilized but the usage of soap, personal and food hygiene was slightly low. The level of comprehensive practice, prevalence of diarrhea, distance to municipality water source and hand washing practice was associated to the administrative areas. Enhancing environmental sanitation, personal hygiene and provision of adequate and clean water are highly recommended.
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