Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing)最新文献_第3页

Symptom Severity and Treatment Needs Among Racial Groups Seeking Treatment at a Mood Outcomes Program. 在一个情绪结果项目中寻求治疗的种族群体的症状严重程度和治疗需求。

Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20240051

Jorge A Sanchez-Ruiz, Jason Straub, Peter P Zandi, Olusola Ajilore, Brandon J Coombes, Stephen M Strakowski, Mark A Frye, Monica J Taylor-Desir

{"title":"Symptom Severity and Treatment Needs Among Racial Groups Seeking Treatment at a Mood Outcomes Program.","authors":"Jorge A Sanchez-Ruiz, Jason Straub, Peter P Zandi, Olusola Ajilore, Brandon J Coombes, Stephen M Strakowski, Mark A Frye, Monica J Taylor-Desir","doi":"10.1176/appi.focus.20240051","DOIUrl":"10.1176/appi.focus.20240051","url":null,"abstract":"Mood disorders are highly prevalent. Despite increased rates of treatment provision, treatment gaps are sustained by inadequate targeting of interventions and little emphasis on prevention. Here, the authors present an overview and analysis of the National Network of Depression Centers (NNDC) Mood Outcomes Program, which is both a measurement-based care program, with a standardized set of mood \"vital signs\" assessed as part of routine clinical care, and a learning health system. The authors analyzed all data collected since the program's inception in 2015 to assess whether baseline symptom severity, prior suicidal ideation or attempts, length of care, and longitudinal symptom severity differed across sociodemographic groups. The results show important treatment needs that are not being fulfilled. Most notably, the groups with the greatest symptom severity were not the groups with the most visits. Efforts to address systemic barriers that prevent access to mental health care are required. Given that the NNDC Mood Outcomes Program is integrated with clinical care, academic programs, and research at each site, the authors anticipate that the program is well suited to support efforts to dismantle systemic barriers to care.","PeriodicalId":73036,"journal":{"name":"Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing)","volume":"23 2","pages":"156-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11995912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the Machine Learning Literature: A Primer and User's Guide for Psychiatrists. 评估机器学习文献：精神病学家入门和用户指南。

Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.25023011

Adrienne Grzenda, Nina V Kraguljac, William M McDonald, Charles Nemeroff, John Torous, Jonathan E Alpert, Carolyn I Rodriguez, Alik S Widge

引用次数: 0

Targeted Research and Treatment Implications in Women With Depression. 女性抑郁症的针对性研究和治疗意义。

Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20240052

Marie E Gaine, Kathleen M Jagodnik, Ritika Baweja, William V Bobo, Erin C McGlade, Sandra J Weiss, Marissa L Beal, Sharon Dekel, Aysegul Ozerdem

{"title":"Targeted Research and Treatment Implications in Women With Depression.","authors":"Marie E Gaine, Kathleen M Jagodnik, Ritika Baweja, William V Bobo, Erin C McGlade, Sandra J Weiss, Marissa L Beal, Sharon Dekel, Aysegul Ozerdem","doi":"10.1176/appi.focus.20240052","DOIUrl":"10.1176/appi.focus.20240052","url":null,"abstract":"Women with a history of traumatic experience, particularly adversity encountered during childhood, have an increased risk of developing depression. The authors review the biological mechanisms associating trauma with depression, including the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Additionally, the psychosocial and cultural considerations associating traumatic experience with depression are discussed, and current gaps in knowledge about biological mechanisms, psychosocial factors, and cultural aspects relating trauma to depression that remain to be addressed are described. Women with a history of trauma are also at increased risk for engaging in suicidal behaviors, including suicidal ideation and attempts. Increased suicidality in women with a history of trauma has been observed in various populations, including among victims of intimate partner violence, female veterans, refugees, and individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, or other. Although associations between trauma and suicidality have been well documented, limited research has examined the impact of age or reproductive stage, an important area for future research. A wide range of biological, psychosocial, and cultural factors that can increase the risk for suicidality across the lifespan in women are described, and how they may be included when completing clinical assessments for women is highlighted. Machine learning, and its use in risk and outcome prediction of depression in women across reproductive stages toward individualized psychiatric services, is introduced, with future directions reviewed.","PeriodicalId":73036,"journal":{"name":"Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing)","volume":"23 2","pages":"141-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11995897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Early Life Stress and Substance Use Disorders: Underlying Neurobiology and Pathways to Adverse Outcomes. 早期生活压力和物质使用障碍：潜在的神经生物学和不良后果的途径。

Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.25023013

Dylan Kirsch, Charles M Nemeroff, Elizabeth T C Lippard

{"title":"Early Life Stress and Substance Use Disorders: Underlying Neurobiology and Pathways to Adverse Outcomes.","authors":"Dylan Kirsch, Charles M Nemeroff, Elizabeth T C Lippard","doi":"10.1176/appi.focus.25023013","DOIUrl":"10.1176/appi.focus.25023013","url":null,"abstract":"Early life stress (ELS) has been established as a major risk factor for a multitude of psychiatric and medical disorders. ELS is highly prevalent in the general population and constitutes a major public health concern. The current review will focus on the clinical literature that suggests a link between adverse early life experiences and vulnerability for adolescent and adult substance use disorders. It will investigate the characteristics of ELS that appear to increase risk for disorder onset and a more severe disease course, characterized by earlier onset, greater risk of relapse, and treatment resistance. The authors explore how ELS may increase risk for adverse substance use outcomes through long-lasting changes in the HPA axis and development of stress, reward, and executive control brain systems. The review will also discuss potential pathways to substance use disorder following ELS, with a focus on the role of comorbid mood and anxiety disorders and other modifiable traits. Finally, the authors will discuss how the current body of work presents the potential for prevention and intervention strategies to reduce the psychosocial consequences following early life stress and minimize adverse substance use outcomes. Reprinted from Advers Resil Sci 2020; 1:29-47, with permission from Springer. Copyright © 2020.","PeriodicalId":73036,"journal":{"name":"Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing)","volume":"23 2","pages":"221-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11995910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The NNDC Road Map for Depression Care and Focused Areas of Research. NNDC抑郁症护理路线图和重点研究领域。

Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.25023008

引用次数: 0

Co-Occurring Bipolar and Substance Use Disorders: A Review of Impacts, Biopsychosocial Mechanisms, Assessment, and Treatment. 共发生双相情感障碍和物质使用障碍：影响、生物心理社会机制、评估和治疗的综述。

Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20240044

Sarah H Sperry, Elizabeth T C Lippard

{"title":"Co-Occurring Bipolar and Substance Use Disorders: A Review of Impacts, Biopsychosocial Mechanisms, Assessment, and Treatment.","authors":"Sarah H Sperry, Elizabeth T C Lippard","doi":"10.1176/appi.focus.20240044","DOIUrl":"10.1176/appi.focus.20240044","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals with bipolar disorder are at significant risk for having a co-occurring substance use disorder-particularly, alcohol and cannabis use disorders. Having a co-occurring substance use disorder is associated with a more pernicious clinical course, lower quality of life, and poorer treatment outcomes. Despite its increased morbidity, there is little research and clinical evidence-based guidelines on the treatment of individuals with co-occurring bipolar and substance use disorders. This review details current knowledge on the prevalence, clinical correlates, and biopsychosocial mechanisms underlying co-occurring bipolar and substance use disorders. The authors present recent research that highlights underlying mechanisms of comorbidity, including aberrant reward processing, stress sensitization, early childhood maltreatment, and gene-environment interactions. Next, the authors review current evidence-based recommendations for the assessment and treatment of co-occurring bipolar and substance use disorder, highlighting areas of needed future clinical research.","PeriodicalId":73036,"journal":{"name":"Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing)","volume":"23 2","pages":"173-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11995909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to Crowley, et al. (2024). 对Crowley等人（2024）的更正。

Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20240017correction

引用次数: 0

Psychedelics for Depression: Between Hopes and Uncertainties. 抑郁症的致幻剂：介于希望和不确定性之间。

Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20250005

Trisha Suppes, Mathieu Fradet

引用次数: 0

Anhedonia as a Core Symptom of Depression and a Construct for Biological Research. 快感缺乏是抑郁症的核心症状和生物学研究的一个概念。

Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20240050

Majd Al-Soleiti, Jennifer L Vande Voort, Balwinder Singh

{"title":"Anhedonia as a Core Symptom of Depression and a Construct for Biological Research.","authors":"Majd Al-Soleiti, Jennifer L Vande Voort, Balwinder Singh","doi":"10.1176/appi.focus.20240050","DOIUrl":"10.1176/appi.focus.20240050","url":null,"abstract":"Anhedonia is a key psychiatric symptom that has seen significant advances in its understanding in both clinical practice and research over the past few decades. Once considered primarily a feature of depression, recent studies have shown that anhedonia is also a core element of other psychiatric disorders and contributes to considerable morbidity, mortality, and suicidality. Emerging models of psychopathology and illness emphasize the transdiagnostic relevance of anhedonia. At the same time, neuroimaging research has provided deeper insights into its underlying pathophysiology, and several assessment scales with strong psychometric properties have been developed. Various treatment strategies-including psychopharmacology, neuromodulation, and psychotherapy-have demonstrated varying degrees of effectiveness. This review discusses the evolving understanding of anhedonia, its significance as both a symptom and a diagnostic marker, its prevalence, and its pathophysiological underpinnings. Additionally, the authors provide an overview of key assessment tools and explore the range of treatment approaches studied to date.","PeriodicalId":73036,"journal":{"name":"Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing)","volume":"23 2","pages":"163-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11995908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144058037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Road Map to Better Depression Care: A Road No Longer Less Traveled. 更好的抑郁症治疗路线图：一条不再少有人走过的路。

Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20250007

Mark A Frye

引用次数: 0