Fish and shellfish immunology reports最新文献

{"title":"Monoclonal antibody generated against Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) IgT heavy chain using a peptide-based strategy","authors":"Janet Velázquez ,&nbsp;Lynn Cruz ,&nbsp;Maylin Pérez-Bernal ,&nbsp;Onel Valdivia ,&nbsp;Arlette Haidar ,&nbsp;Alianet Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Fidel Herrera ,&nbsp;Osmany González ,&nbsp;Antonio Morales ,&nbsp;Lisbet Ulloa ,&nbsp;Reinaldo Blanco ,&nbsp;Joel Pérez ,&nbsp;Dayamí Dorta ,&nbsp;Yaramis Luna ,&nbsp;Hilda Elisa Garay ,&nbsp;David Diago Abreu ,&nbsp;Yassel Ramos ,&nbsp;Vladimir Besada ,&nbsp;Yeosvany Cabrera ,&nbsp;Mario Pablo Estrada ,&nbsp;Yamila Carpio","doi":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2023.100093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsirep.2023.100093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Teleost IgT/Z plays a principal role in the defense mechanisms against infectious agents in the mucosal compartments and in systemic immunity. Previously, Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>) IgT was discovered and characterized at transcription level. In this work, we generated a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that specifically recognized the Nile tilapia IgT. BALB/c mice were immunized with three synthetic peptides conjugated to KLH. The sequences of these peptides derived from the constant region of the Nile tilapia IgT heavy chain. ELISA and Western blotting confirmed the specificity of the polyclonal sera and the culture supernatant from a positive hybridoma clone. We observed immunoreactivity against a recombinant IgT fragment and native IgT in skin mucus. The anti-IgT mAb did not cross-react with purified tilapia IgM. Direct ELISA analysis allowed the quantification of skin mucus IgM and IgT concentrations. Flow cytometry analysis revealed differences in the percentage of IgT⁺ B cell populations between juveniles and adults in peripheral blood, head kidney and spleen lymphocytes and among the tissues analyzed. For further validation of the anti-IgT mAb utility, a recombinant vaccine candidate against sea lice (TT-P0 <em>Ls</em>) was injected into juvenile tilapia. Direct ELISA results revealed a differential secretion of skin mucus IgT and IgM after immunostimulation. In addition, the percentages of IgT⁺ B cells were determined at 7 days after booster and <em>ex-vivo</em> stimulation by flow cytometry. This mAb constitutes an important immunological tool to study the biological function and structural characteristics of tilapia IgT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73029,"journal":{"name":"Fish and shellfish immunology reports","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100093"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49778007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis for immune response of coelomic fluid from coelom and polian vesicle in Apostichopus japonicus to Vibrio splendidus infection","authors":"Zhenhui Wang ,&nbsp;Xuyuan Fan ,&nbsp;Zhen Li ,&nbsp;Liyuan Guo ,&nbsp;Yuan Ren ,&nbsp;Qiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The polian vesicle and coelom of sea cucumber <em>Apostichopus japonicus</em> were full of coelomic fluid in which many types of coelomocytes with different functions were suspended. Our previous work has indicated the differences of coelomocytes between two sites mainly in subtype proportion, non-specific immune enzymes activities and several immune-related genes expression levels in healthy <em>A. japonicus</em>. However, the functional similarities and differences of coelomic fluid in two sites including the coelom and polian vesicle after pathogenic infection still remain unclear. Here, we investigated the changes of the total coelomocyte density (TCD) and differential coelomocyte density (DCD) after pathogen infection by <em>Vibrio splendidus</em> in coelom and polian vesicle. After infected by <em>V. splendidus</em>, the TCD in the coelom and polian vesicle rapidly declined at 12 h, and then the TCD in the coelom showed a stably ascending trend, while the TCD in the polian vesicle reached a peak at 24 h post infection (hpi), and then showed a continuously decline trend from 24 hpi to 72 hpi followed by a slow elevation until recovering the normal level from 72 hpi to 96 hpi. Then the activities of acidic phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined to evaluate the response of cell-free coelomic fluid to <em>V. splendidus</em> infection. The activities of ACP, AKP and CAT showed similar trends in the coelom and polian vesicle. The SOD activity significantly increased in the polian vesicle, whereas it exhibited a decreasing trend in the coelom. Finally, the expression profiles of nine immune-related genes including <em>Aj-MyD88, Aj-IRAK4, Aj-i-Lys, Aj-Rel, Aj-p50, Aj-DMBT1, Aj-CDC, Aj-Rrp15</em> and <em>Aj-Fibrinogen C</em> were detected after <em>V. splendidus</em> challenge. The results suggested all the detected genes were significantly up-regulated both in the coelom and polian vesicle, and the expression levels of these genes in two sites shared similar trends except <em>Aj-MyD88</em> and <em>Aj-DMBT1</em>. This research provides a new insight into the differentially immune roles of coelomic fluid and coelomocytes in polian vesicle and coelom response to bacterial infections and supplements comprehensive resources for better understanding the innate immune response of <em>A. japonicus</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73029,"journal":{"name":"Fish and shellfish immunology reports","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49777762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and functional characterization of the oyster Crassostrea gasar circulating hemocytes: Cell types and phagocytosis activity","authors":"Jesarela Merabe Silva Freire ,&nbsp;Natanael Dantas Farias ,&nbsp;Hélène Hégaret ,&nbsp;Patricia Mirella da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2023.100089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsirep.2023.100089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hemocytes are the circulating cells of the hemolymph of oysters and are responsible for numerous physiological functions, including immune defense. The oyster <em>Crassostrea gasar</em> is a native species inhabiting mangrove habitat and is of great commercial interest, cultured throughout the Brazilian coast, mainly in the north and northeast. Despite its commercial importance, little is known about its immunological aspects and defense cells, the hemocytes. This work aimed to morphologically characterize hemocytes of the oyster <em>C. gasar</em> and to study one of the main cellular defense response, phagocytosis, using light microscopy and flow cytometry. The results showed the presence of six hemocyte populations in <em>C. gasar</em> hemolymph. These comprise of large and small granulocytes, large and small hyalinocytes, blast-like cells and a rare type classified as vesicular or serous hemocytes. Hyalinocytes were highly abundant and the most heterogeneous cell population, while small granulocytes, along with vesicular hemocytes were the less abundant population. Hemocytes of <em>C. gasar</em> oysters demonstrated capabilities to phagocytose three different types of particles tested: zymosan A, latex particles and <em>Escherichia coli</em>, indicating a broad defense capacity. The zymosan A were the most engulfed particles, followed by beads, mainly phagocytized by granulocytes, the most phagocytic cells, and finally <em>E. coli</em>, which were the least phagocytized. This study is the first characterization of <em>C. gasar</em> oyster hemocytes and will support future studies that aim to understand the participation of different hemocyte types in defense responses against pathogens and/or environmental changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73029,"journal":{"name":"Fish and shellfish immunology reports","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49790016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failed shrimp vaccination attempt with yellow head virus (YHV) attenuated in an immortal insect cell line","authors":"Warachin Gangnonngiw ,&nbsp;Nipaporn Kanthong","doi":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2023.100084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2023.100084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This short paper on yellow head virus Type-1 (YHV-1) of shrimp describes preliminary research on the potential for using YHV-1 attenuated in insect cells to protect shrimp against yellow head disease (YHD). YHV-1 can cause severe mortality in the cultivated shrimp <em>Penaeus (Penaeus) monodon</em> and <em>Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei</em>.  No practical vaccination has been reported. The C6/36 mosquito cell cultures inoculated with YHV-1 become positive by PCR and by immunocytochemistry (immunopositive) for up to 30 split-cell passages. Shrimp injected with homogenates from low-passage cultures die from typical YHV-1 disease while shrimp injected with homogenates from high passage cultures do not, even though they become PCR positive and immunopositive for YHV-1. This suggested that viral attenuation had occurred during insect-cell passaging, and it opened the possibility of using homogenates from high-passage insect cultures as a vaccine against YHV-1. To test this hypothesis, homogenates from 30th-passage, YHV-positive cultures were injected into shrimp followed by challenge with virulent YHV-1. Controls were injected with homogenate from 30th-passage, naive (normal stock) insect-cell cultures. No shrimp mortality occurred following injection of either homogenate, but shrimp injected with the YHV-1 homogenate became both RT-PCR positive and immunopositive. Upon challenge 10 days later with YHV-1, mortality in shrimp injected with naive insect-cell homogenate was 100% within 7 days post-challenge while 100% mortality in the YHV-1 homogenate group did not occur until day 9 post-challenge. Kaplan-Meier log-rank survival analysis revealed that survival curves for the two groups were significantly different (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The cause of delay in mortality may be worthy of further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73029,"journal":{"name":"Fish and shellfish immunology reports","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100084"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b5/3e/main.PMC9852278.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10580603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SpgC1qR interacts with WSSV VP28 exhibiting antiviral activity","authors":"Yue Wang ,&nbsp;Bin Zhang ,&nbsp;Shu Zhao ,&nbsp;Yuan Wang ,&nbsp;Xu Chu ,&nbsp;Xin-Cang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although human gC1qR is a multi-ligand binding protein with diverse biological functions, the functions of invertebrate gC1qR homologues remain largely unknown. In the present study, we characterized a novel gC1qR homologue, namely <em>Sp</em>gC1qR, from mud crab <em>Scylla paramamosain. Sp</em>gC1qR shared high identity and similar three-dimensional structure with human gC1qR. After challenge with White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), the transcripts of <em>Sp</em>g<em>C1qR</em> were significantly increased, suggesting that <em>SpgC1qR</em> may be involved in antiviral immune response. To reveal the likely antiviral activity of <em>Sp</em>gC1qR, the proliferation profile of WSSV in <em>SpgC1qR</em>-silenced crabs was examined. The result showed that knockdown of <em>SpgC1qR</em> by RNAi facilitated viral proliferation <em>in vivo</em>. This result was further confirmed by a <em>Sp</em>gC1qR pre-incubation assay, in which pre-incubating WSSV particles with r<em>Sp</em>gC1qR dramatically suppressed viral replication. Moreover, a GST pull-down assay revealed that <em>Sp</em>gC1qR specifically bound to the viral envelope protein VP28. These findings clearly demonstrated that <em>Sp</em>gC1qR specifically interacted with viral envelope protein VP28 and restricted WSSV replication, suggesting that it played a crucial role in anti-WSSV immune response of mud crab. This study provided new insights into the antiviral mechanism mediated by <em>Sp</em>gC1qR and the biological functions of invertebrate gC1qR homologues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73029,"journal":{"name":"Fish and shellfish immunology reports","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100052"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a3/e2/main.PMC9680082.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40508001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional feed additives reduce the adverse effects of transport stress in the immune system of Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum)","authors":"Bruno Sergio Marques Mazini,&nbsp;Graciela Pessoa Martins,&nbsp;Ludmila Lopes de Castro Menezes,&nbsp;Igo G. Guimarães","doi":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Here we show that selected nutritional feed additives reduce the adverse effects of transport stress on the immune system and hematology of tambaqui. We formulated a control diet to contain normal dietary levels of vitamin E (21.6 mg/ kg diet) and C (143 mg/kg), then we added supra levels of these vitamins (vit E – 264 mg/kg and vit C – 1000 mg/kg) to a second diet. Finally, a third diet was produced to contain similar levels of vitamins from diet 2 with 0.1% beta-glucan supplementation. Four hundred thirty-two tambaquis (20.91 <em>g</em> ± 0.27 g) were randomly assigned to 12 aquaria and fed the diets for 15 days; then, all fish were transported for five h and then returned to the aquaria. Blood samples were collected before and after the transport and at the end of the trial (60 days). Transportation significantly increased blood glucose that returned to baseline levels at the end of the trial. However, cortisol seemed to be unresponsive to the stress. Surprisingly, the stress significantly increased the immunoglobulin level after transport. Additionally, the transport markedly reduced the red blood cell count and leukocyte and lymphocytes counts while increasing the control group's neutrophil number. These effects lasted until the end of the trial in the control group. Supra levels of the vitamins and glucan supplementation prevented the decrease in red blood cell and leukocyte count after the stress. Additionally, beta-glucan supplementation induced lower cortisol levels in all the sampling points. However, the effect on the immune parameters was limited, increasing only the lysozyme activity and serum protein levels in the beta-glucan supplemented group and the group fed only the supra levels of vitamins, respectively. In sum, our results indicated that transport for five h induced a limited effect on stress biomarkers. The use of supra levels of antioxidant vitamins alone or in combination with beta-glucan could restore or prevent the adverse effects of stress on hematology and the immune system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73029,"journal":{"name":"Fish and shellfish immunology reports","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100051"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7b/0c/main.PMC9680079.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40491302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary yeast culture on health status in digestive tract of juvenile Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus Vannamei","authors":"Yanlin Guo ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi Liang ,&nbsp;Peigen Li ,&nbsp;Tingting Zhang ,&nbsp;Fankui Meng ,&nbsp;Baotong Liu ,&nbsp;Hongling Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenzhong Fu ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Liang ,&nbsp;Xiangli Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary yeast culture (YC) on health status in digestive tract of juvenile Pacific white shrimp <em>Litopenaeus Vannamei</em>. Shrimps (initial weight: 3.33 ± 0.06 g) were fed with graded levels of dietary YC (control, 0.3%, 0.5% and 1.0%). Results of the present study showed that villus height and the ratio between villus height and crypt depth in the digestive tract of juvenile shrimp was significantly increased by dietary 0.5% and 1.0%YC (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Besides, dietary 0.5% and 1.0%YC significantly activities of phenoloxidase (PO), lysozyme (LZ), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), significantly up-regulated mRNA levels of prophenoloxidase (<em>propo</em>), lysozyme (<em>lz</em>), anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (<em>alf</em>), <em>crustin</em> and <em>penaienadin</em> (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) and down-regulated mRNA levels of <em>caspase-1</em>, nuclear factor κB p65 (<em>nf-κbp65</em>) myeloid differentiation primary response protein (<em>myd88</em>) and toll like receptor (<em>tlr</em>) in the digestive tract of juvenile shrimp (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Compared with the control, dietary 0.5%YC increased Chao1 index in the digestive tract of juvenile shrimp. In addition, compared with the control, dietary 0.5% and 1.0%YC significantly increased relative abundance of <em>Lactobacillus</em> (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). It can be concluded that dietary YC made positive contribution to health status in digestive tract of juvenile shrimp through improving morphology and microbiota, enhancing immune function, and inhibiting inflammation of digestive tract.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73029,"journal":{"name":"Fish and shellfish immunology reports","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100065"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/07/61/main.PMC9680107.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40480896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Device implant based on poly (lactic acid) with vitamin E for vaccine delivery system in Tilapia: Study for biocompatibility and biodegradation","authors":"Gabriel Conde ,&nbsp;Mayumi Fernanda Aracati ,&nbsp;Letícia Franchin Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Susana Luporini de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Camila Carlino da Costa ,&nbsp;Ives Charlie-Silva ,&nbsp;Thalles Fernando Rocha Ruiz ,&nbsp;Sebastião Roberto Taboga ,&nbsp;Marco Antonio de Andrade Belo","doi":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) as a slow-release vehicle for vaccines has attracted the attention of researchers, since its insertion improves the uptake of them, and reduces side effects or by stimulating recruited defense cells, assisting immunity without the need for booster vaccine doses. Seeking to develop new strategies for the administration of drugs and vaccines in aquaculture, we evaluated the biocompatibility and biodegradation of polymeric PLA devices and PLA plus vitamin E devices, implanted through subcutaneous (SC) and intraperitoneal (IP) routes in Nile tilapia. To carry out this study, 84 male tilapia (initial 243.82 ± 56.74 g; final 400.71 ± 100.54 g) were randomly distributed in 3 tanks (<em>n</em> = 28 fish per treatment/tank). The devices were prepared in two formulations: neat PLA (containing 100% PLA) and PLAVE (PLA plus vitamin E) implanted using a commercial AnimalTag® applicator, and non-implanted fish (control). Fish were sampled 15, 30, 60, and 120 days post-implantation (DPI). Blood analysis was used to access blood cells and blood smear for differential leucocytes count. Serum biochemistry to evaluated changes in serum proteins and glycemia. Histopathological investigation using hematoxylin-eosin (H&amp;E) was used to assess polymer-tissue interaction. Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry was used to detection immune cells and phagocytes in capsule, and analyses of melanomacrophage centers (MMCs) to morphometric evaluation and percentage amount of melanin, hemosiderin and lipofucsin pigments. Histopathological study revealed an increase of capsular formation and inflammatory cell infiltration in PLAVE-implanted tilapia through SC route (15 DPI). Tilapia implanted with PLAVE and PLA (SC) presented mast cells and eosinophilic granular cells during 15, 30, and 60 DPI, with a decrease in these cells in the fibrous capsule around the polymer at 120 DPI. PLAVE implanted tilapia SC at 60 DPI showed significantly phagocytosis points than other groups. Phagocytic cells (F4/80+) were observed near to biopolymers in phagocytosis sites. Lipofuscin at 120 DPI in spleen melanomacrophage centers were significantly high in PLAVE implanted tilapias when compared to fish with PLA implants and control. The serum biochemical study of tilapia did not reveal changes in cytotoxicity and liver function in implanted fish. The absence of side effects in hematological and biochemical findings, including the absence of mortality after device implantation, proves its clinical safety. PLA implants in tilapia have demonstrated biocompatibility, biodegradation, clinical safety, and excellent evolution of foreign body inflammatory responses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73029,"journal":{"name":"Fish and shellfish immunology reports","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100060"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9680062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40480894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of expression of proinflammatory genes and humoral immune response following immunization or infection with Aeromonas hydrophila in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen)","authors":"Lucas de Figueiredo Soveral,&nbsp;Paola Aparecida de Almeida,&nbsp;Yasmin Kreutz,&nbsp;Vitoria Agnoletto Ribeiro,&nbsp;Rafael Frandoloso,&nbsp;Luiz Carlos Kreutz","doi":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The early immune-related events arising from the interaction of antigen and innate immune cells are central to modulating the acquired immune response. Ideally, the immunizing antigen should elicit immunological changes similar to that observed after infection with the wild type pathogen. Here, we evaluated early changes on the expression of selected proinflammatory genes (TNF-α, IL-1β, IRAK4 and myeloperoxidase) and innate immune parameters (serum myeloperoxidase, lysozyme and complement hemolytic activity) in silver catfish vaccinated or infected with <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>, the etiological agent of hemorrhagic septicemia. The humoral immune response and resistance to challenge were also evaluated in vaccinated and placebo inoculated fish. We found that the expression of <em>TNF-α</em> and IL-1<em>β</em> genes was higher (p&lt;0.05) in vaccinated or infected fish at 24 h post inoculation (p.i) compared to the control group but returned to basal levels at 72 h p.i. The expression of IRAK4 gene, however, was not altered by vaccination or infection. In addition, the natural hemolytic activity of complement was higher (p&lt;0.05) at 24 h and 72 h p.i. in the vaccinated and infected groups; serum myeloperoxidase was higher (p&lt;0.05) in these groups but only at 24 h p.i. and lysozyme activity was higher (p&lt;0.05) only in the infected group at 72 h p.i. Furthermore, vaccination induced the production of IgM-like antibodies and protection to challenge with the <em>A. hydrophila</em>. Our results indicate that the vaccine formulation induces an immune response similar to that induced by the infecting pathogen and might be a valuable tool in the prophylaxis of hemorrhagic septicemia in silver catfish.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73029,"journal":{"name":"Fish and shellfish immunology reports","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/66/9e/main.PMC9680053.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40480893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innate response of rainbow trout gill epithelial (RTgill-W1) cell line to ultraviolet-inactivated VHSV and FliC and rhabdovirus infection","authors":"Ehab Misk ,&nbsp;Paul Huber ,&nbsp;Janet I. MacInnes ,&nbsp;Sherif M. Sherif ,&nbsp;Mohammed Abo-Ismail ,&nbsp;John S. Lumsden","doi":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2021.100043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsirep.2021.100043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gills reportedly play a crucial role in induction of an antiviral immune response in fish. We investigated the expression of innate response genes in the rainbow trout gill epithelial cell line RTgill-W1 36 h after pretreatment with ultraviolet-inactivated viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (UV-VHSV), flagellin C protein from <em>Edwardsiella tarda</em> (FliC)<em>,</em> VHSV and SVCV using an Agilent 4 × 44k cGRASP salmonid microarray. RTgill-W1 cells pretreated with UV-VHSV<em>,</em> triggered an independent gene expression profile from those treated with a recombinant flagellin C protein from <em>Edwardsiella tarda</em>. In addition, exposure of RTgill-W1 cells to live viruses spring viremia of carp virus and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus induced a less robust transcriptional change of 24 and 22 gene probes, respectively, when compared to 123 genes for UV-VHSV. Further the pretreatment of RTgill-W1 cells with (UV-VHSV) significantly reduced VHSV genome copy number at 6 d post infection (dpi) relative to the FliC-treated and untreated control. A quantitative PCR was used to study the transcriptional modulation of a set of 25 innate immune-related genes highlighted by the microarray data and a panel of 7 established antiviral genes in the protected cells. Notably, the expression of <em>ifn1, ifn2, mx1 and mx3</em> were expressed more in untreated cells than in UV-VHSV-treated cells where virus replication was inhibited. The results from this study shed light on the mechanisms and pathways used by teleost gill epithelium innate immunity in combating viral and bacterial infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73029,"journal":{"name":"Fish and shellfish immunology reports","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9d/a9/main.PMC9680049.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40480898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}