FEMS microbes最新文献

The importance of translational research in the study of ocular toxoplasmosis: insights from the 17th International Congress on Toxoplasmosis 2024. 翻译研究在眼弓形虫病研究中的重要性：来自第17届2024年国际弓形虫病大会的见解。

FEMS microbes Pub Date : 2025-03-03 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtaf003

Alejandra de-la-Torre, Germán Mejía-Salgado, Gereon Schares

引用次数: 0

Age and ocular toxoplasmosis: a narrative review. 年龄与眼弓形虫病：叙述性综述。

FEMS microbes Pub Date : 2025-02-26 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtaf002

Alejandra de-la-Torre, Germán Mejía-Salgado, Armin Taghavi Eraghi, Uwe Pleyer

{"title":"Age and ocular toxoplasmosis: a narrative review.","authors":"Alejandra de-la-Torre, Germán Mejía-Salgado, Armin Taghavi Eraghi, Uwe Pleyer","doi":"10.1093/femsmc/xtaf002","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsmc/xtaf002","url":null,"abstract":"Toxoplasma gondii is an extremely \"successful\" opportunistic parasite that infects most warm-blooded animals, including humans. While the infection is generally largely asymptomatic, the infection of the eye presenting as ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) is a potentially blinding consequence. OT remains the most common cause of infectious retinochoroiditis and places a considerable socio-economic burden on societies, particularly in developing countries. Age is one of several factors influencing the clinical presentation and outcomes of OT. Older patients often exhibit more severe disease manifestations, larger retinal lesions, and poorer visual outcomes compared to younger individuals. This disparity is attributed to immunosenescence, the age-related decline in immune function, which impairs the body's ability to control the infection effectively. Consequently, older individuals are at a higher risk of severe complications and recurrent episodes of inflammation. Understanding the interplay between age and immune response is essential for developing targeted treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes in OT.","PeriodicalId":73024,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbes","volume":"6 ","pages":"xtaf002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influenza a virus subtype H9N2 infection induces respiratory microbiota dysbiosis in chickens via type-I interferon-mediated mechanisms. 甲型流感病毒亚型H9N2感染通过i型干扰素介导的机制诱导鸡呼吸道微生物群失调。

FEMS microbes Pub Date : 2025-02-03 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtaf001

Samson Oladokun, Mohammadali Alizadeh, Amirul I Mallick, Fatemeh Fazel, Janan Shoja Doost, Katherine Blake, Myles St Denis, Sugandha Raj, Shayan Sharif

{"title":"Influenza a virus subtype H9N2 infection induces respiratory microbiota dysbiosis in chickens via type-I interferon-mediated mechanisms.","authors":"Samson Oladokun, Mohammadali Alizadeh, Amirul I Mallick, Fatemeh Fazel, Janan Shoja Doost, Katherine Blake, Myles St Denis, Sugandha Raj, Shayan Sharif","doi":"10.1093/femsmc/xtaf001","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsmc/xtaf001","url":null,"abstract":"Avian influenza virus (AIV) poses significant threats to poultry and human health. This study investigates the impact of H9N2 AIV infection on the respiratory microbiota of chickens using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Total 48 one-day-old specific pathogen-free chickens were assigned to six groups: a control and five post-infection groups (days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9). After a 15-day microbiota stabilization period, the infected chickens received a viral inoculum (107 TCID50/ml) via ocular, intra-nasal, and intra-tracheal routes. Tracheal and broncho-alveolar lavage samples were analyzed. Significant reductions in microbiota diversity were observed on days 5, 7, and 9 post-infection, compared to d0 controls. Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance confirmed significant beta diversity differences (P = 0.001) between infected and uninfected groups. The microbial shifts from d5 to d9 were marked by increased Proteobacteria, decreased Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, and a rise in Dickeya. Elevated type-I interferon (IFN-β) and viperin gene expression at d5 coincided with reduced microbiota diversity, highlighting the respiratory microbiota's role in modulating host responses to AIV H9N2 infection and suggesting potential biomarkers for respiratory dysbiosis.","PeriodicalId":73024,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbes","volume":"6 ","pages":"xtaf001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Silica hydrogels as a carbon-free solid media for the culture of diverse organisms. 二氧化硅水凝胶作为一种无碳固体培养基，用于多种生物的培养。

FEMS microbes Pub Date : 2024-12-28 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtae035

Druhi Vaid, Alisa Zubir, Alistair Hanak, Tanda Qi, Daniela Delneri, Lu Shin Wong

{"title":"Silica hydrogels as a carbon-free solid media for the culture of diverse organisms.","authors":"Druhi Vaid, Alisa Zubir, Alistair Hanak, Tanda Qi, Daniela Delneri, Lu Shin Wong","doi":"10.1093/femsmc/xtae035","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsmc/xtae035","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteriological agar plates are commonly used to carry out experiments for the selective growth of microorganisms and the isolation of single-strain colonies. However, the presence of agar itself may be a confounding factor since it may serve as a source of carbon and energy. Moreover, there have been ongoing constraints on the production and sourcing of agar. These concerns have led to an interest in the development of agar substitutes. Silica hydrogels are entirely inorganic carbon-free polymeric materials that lack any source of micronutrients. Herein, a revised method for the preparation of silica hydrogels as a solid culture medium is reported. These gels can be formulated with a range of nutrient-rich or minimal media supplemented with various carbon sources, and can be manipulated in the same manner as agar gels. Their use for the culture and isolation of diverse microorganisms, including both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, yeast, and filamentous fungi is demonstrated. These silica hydrogels supplemented with either antibiotics or other molecules of interest can also be used for microbial selection experiments.","PeriodicalId":73024,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbes","volume":"6 ","pages":"xtae035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143017334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Proteomic identification of a Toxoplasma gondii sporozoite-specific antigen using HDAC3 inhibitor-treated tachyzoites as surrogate. 以 HDAC3 抑制剂处理过的幼虫为替代物，从蛋白质组学角度鉴定弓形虫孢子虫特异性抗原。

FEMS microbes Pub Date : 2024-12-23 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtae034

David Warschkau, Sandra Klein, Ella Schadt, Joerg Doellinger, Gereon Schares, Frank Seeber

{"title":"Proteomic identification of a Toxoplasma gondii sporozoite-specific antigen using HDAC3 inhibitor-treated tachyzoites as surrogate.","authors":"David Warschkau, Sandra Klein, Ella Schadt, Joerg Doellinger, Gereon Schares, Frank Seeber","doi":"10.1093/femsmc/xtae034","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsmc/xtae034","url":null,"abstract":"The apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii has a complex life cycle. Access to sexual stages and sporozoite-containing oocysts, essential for studying the parasite's environmental transmission, is limited and requires animal experiments with cats. Thus, alternatives and resource-efficient methods are needed. Several molecular factors and transcriptional switches responsible for differentiation have been identified in recent years. In tachyzoites, drug-induced inhibition of the histone deacetylase HDAC3, or genetic depletion of transcription factors regulating HDAC3, leads to the expression of genes that are specific to sexual stages and oocysts. Here, we applied this concept and showed that the commercially available HDAC3 inhibitor apicidin could be used to identify the hitherto unknown antigen of the sporozoite-specific monoclonal antibody G1/19 in tachyzoites. Using mass spectrometry of immunoprecipitated G1/19 target protein from apicidin-treated cultures, we identified it as SporoSAG. In addition, for the much less abundant sporozoite-specific protein LEA860, apicidin treatment was still sufficient to induce a detectable protein level in immunofluorescence microscopy. We also discuss further applications and the limitations of this approach. This allows to overcome issues with the paucity of material of sexual stages and oocysts from T. gondii to some extent without the need for cat-derived material.","PeriodicalId":73024,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbes","volume":"6 ","pages":"xtae034"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11719624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the impact of redox potential on the growth capacity of anaerobic gut fungi. 评估氧化还原电位对厌氧肠道真菌生长能力的影响。

FEMS microbes Pub Date : 2024-11-05 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtae033

Emma E England, Carrie J Pratt, Mostafa S Elshahed, Noha H Youssef

{"title":"Evaluating the impact of redox potential on the growth capacity of anaerobic gut fungi.","authors":"Emma E England, Carrie J Pratt, Mostafa S Elshahed, Noha H Youssef","doi":"10.1093/femsmc/xtae033","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsmc/xtae033","url":null,"abstract":"Anaerobic gut fungi (AGF, Neocallimastigomycota) inhabit the alimentary tract of herbivores. Although strict anaerobes, studies have suggested their capacity to retain viability after various durations of air exposure. It is currently unclear whether AGF can actively grow, and not merely survive, in redox potentials (Eh) higher than those encountered in the herbivorous gut. We evaluated the growth of two AGF strains (Orpinomyces joyonii and Testudinimyces gracilis) at various Eh levels, achieved by manipulating the concentrations of reductant (cysteine hydrochloride) in culture media. Both strains exhibited robust and sustainable growth at negative Eh (-50 mV or below). However, growth in the absence of cysteine hydrochloride (Eh value around +50 mV) was possible only for O. joyonii and only for one subcultivation. The capacity to grow at +50 mV was further confirmed in four additional taxa (Pecoramyces ruminatium, Anaeromyces mucronatus, Aklioshbmyces papillarum, and Piromyces communis), while two (Aestipascuomyces dupliciliberans and Capellomyces foraminis) failed to grow under these conditions. Our results establish the ability of AGF to grow at redox potential values higher than those encountered in their natural habitats. Such capability could contribute to efficient AGF dispersal and horizontal transmission between hosts, and could have important implications for industrial applications of AGF.","PeriodicalId":73024,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbes","volume":"5 ","pages":"xtae033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contact with young children is a major risk factor for pneumococcal colonization in older adults. 与幼儿接触是老年人肺炎球菌定植的主要风险因素。

FEMS microbes Pub Date : 2024-10-14 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtae032

Anne L Wyllie, Devyn Yolda-Carr, Maikel S Hislop, Sidiya Mbodj, Loren Wurst, Pari Waghela, Ronika Alexander-Parrish, Lindsay R Grant, Adriano Arguedas, Bradford D Gessner, Daniel M Weinberger

{"title":"Contact with young children is a major risk factor for pneumococcal colonization in older adults.","authors":"Anne L Wyllie, Devyn Yolda-Carr, Maikel S Hislop, Sidiya Mbodj, Loren Wurst, Pari Waghela, Ronika Alexander-Parrish, Lindsay R Grant, Adriano Arguedas, Bradford D Gessner, Daniel M Weinberger","doi":"10.1093/femsmc/xtae032","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsmc/xtae032","url":null,"abstract":"Important questions remain about the sources of transmission of pneumococcus to older adults in the community. This is critical for understanding the potential effects of using pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in children and older adults. For non-institutionalized individuals, we hypothesized that the most likely source of adult-to-adult transmission is within the household. We designed a longitudinal study to sample adults ≥60 years of age living in the same household (New Haven, CT, USA), without younger residents in the household. Saliva samples and social and health questionnaires were obtained every 2 weeks for a period of 10 weeks. DNA extracted from culture-enriched saliva was tested using qPCR for pneumococcus genes piaB, lytA, and serotype. Across two study seasons (November 2020-August 2021, November 2021-September 2022), 121 individuals from 61 households completed all six visits; 62 individuals were enrolled in both seasons. Overall, 52/1088 (4.8%) samples tested positive for pneumococcus, with 27/121 (22.3%) individuals colonized at least once. Several individuals were colonized at multiple time points; two individuals were colonized at 5/6 time points and two at all six. In 5 instances, both household members were carriers in the same season, though not necessarily at the same time. Pneumococcal carriage was substantially higher among individuals who had contact with children (10.0% vs. 1.6%). Contact with young children was the most important factor that influenced pneumococcal acquisition rates. While there were several instances where both adult household members were colonized at the same time or at sequential visits, these individuals typically had contact with children. As such, PCV immunization can directly protect older adults who have contact with children.","PeriodicalId":73024,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbes","volume":"5 ","pages":"xtae032"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trivalent immunization with metal-binding proteins confers protection against enterococci in a mouse infection model. 在小鼠感染模型中，金属结合蛋白的三价免疫可提供对肠球菌的保护。

FEMS microbes Pub Date : 2024-10-03 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtae031

Ling Ning Lam, Angie Sedra, Jessica Kajfasz, Aym Berges, Irene S Saengpet, Grace Adams, Jeffery Fairman, José A Lemos

{"title":"Trivalent immunization with metal-binding proteins confers protection against enterococci in a mouse infection model.","authors":"Ling Ning Lam, Angie Sedra, Jessica Kajfasz, Aym Berges, Irene S Saengpet, Grace Adams, Jeffery Fairman, José A Lemos","doi":"10.1093/femsmc/xtae031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsmc/xtae031","url":null,"abstract":"Enterococcus faecalis is ranked among the top five bacterial pathogens responsible for catheter-associated urinary tract infections, wound infections, secondary root canal infections, and infective endocarditis. Previously, we showed that inactivation of either the manganese- and iron-binding (EfaA) or zinc-binding (AdcA and AdcAII) lipoproteins significantly reduced E. faecalis virulence. Here, we explored whether immunization using a multi-valent approach induces protective immunity against systemic enterococcal infections. We found that multi-antigen antisera raised against EfaA, AdcA, and AdcAII displayed similar capacities to initiate neutrophil-mediated opsonization, like their single-antigen counterparts. Further, these antigen-specific antibodies worked synergistically with calprotectin, a divalent host metal chelator, to inhibit the growth of E. faecalis in laboratory media as well as in human sera. Using the Galleria mellonella invertebrate model and mouse peritonitis model, we showed that passive immunization with multi-antigen antisera conferred robust protection against E. faecalis infection, while the protective effects of single antigen antisera were negligible in G. mellonella, and negligible-to-moderate in the mouse model. Lastly, active immunization with the 3-antigen (trivalent) cocktail significantly protected mice against either lethal or non-lethal E. faecalis infections, with this protection appearing to be far-reaching based on immunization results obtained with contemporary strains of E. faecalis and closely related Enterococcus faecium.","PeriodicalId":73024,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbes","volume":"5 ","pages":"xtae031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11549557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142634036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Arginine impacts aggregation, biofilm formation, and antibiotic susceptibility in Enterococcus faecalis. 精氨酸会影响粪肠球菌的聚集、生物膜形成和抗生素敏感性。

FEMS microbes Pub Date : 2024-09-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtae030

Alex P Snell, Dawn A Manias, Reham R Elbehery, Gary M Dunny, Julia L E Willett

{"title":"Arginine impacts aggregation, biofilm formation, and antibiotic susceptibility in Enterococcus faecalis.","authors":"Alex P Snell, Dawn A Manias, Reham R Elbehery, Gary M Dunny, Julia L E Willett","doi":"10.1093/femsmc/xtae030","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsmc/xtae030","url":null,"abstract":"Enterococcus faecalis is a commensal bacterium in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of humans and other organisms. E. faecalis also causes infections in root canals, wounds, the urinary tract, and on heart valves. E. faecalis metabolizes arginine through the arginine deiminase pathway, which converts arginine to ornithine and releases ATP, ammonia, and CO2. E. faecalis arginine metabolism also affects virulence of other pathogens during co-culture. E. faecalis may encounter elevated levels of arginine in the GI tract or the oral cavity, where arginine is used as a dental therapeutic. Little is known about how E. faecalis responds to growth in arginine in the absence of other bacteria. To address this, we used RNAseq and additional assays to measure growth, gene expression, and biofilm formation in E. faecalis OG1RF grown in arginine. We demonstrate that arginine decreases E. faecalis biofilm production and causes widespread differential expression of genes related to metabolism, quorum sensing, and polysaccharide synthesis. Growth in arginine also increases aggregation of E. faecalis and promotes decreased susceptibility to the antibiotics ampicillin and ceftriaxone. This work provides a platform for understanding how the presence of arginine in biological niches affects E. faecalis physiology and virulence of surrounding microbes.","PeriodicalId":73024,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbes","volume":"5 ","pages":"xtae030"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11549559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142634106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pandemic storytelling and student engagement: how students imagined pandemics before COVID-19 pandemic. 讲大流行病故事与学生参与：在 COVID-19 大流行之前学生如何想象大流行病。

FEMS microbes Pub Date : 2024-09-17 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtae029

Moamen M Elmassry

{"title":"Pandemic storytelling and student engagement: how students imagined pandemics before COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Moamen M Elmassry","doi":"10.1093/femsmc/xtae029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsmc/xtae029","url":null,"abstract":"Student engagement is one of the critical issues in science classes. This commentary explores the value of storytelling in microbiology education and student engagement. It is a result of an undergraduate exercise, where students were asked to draft short stories on pandemics before the COVID-19 pandemic (i.e. conducted in 2016-2019). The analysis of student writings (total of 244 short stories) aimed to understand the students' perception of pandemics, the diseases they chose to write about, and their level of knowledge of pandemics. Interestingly, 56.6% of students chose viruses to be the cause of their pandemics, 35.7% chose bacteria, 4.5% chose parasites, and a single student chose a fungus. Respiratory mode of transmission was the top pick in the stories (30%), followed by fecal-oral route, sexually transmitted, and skin-to-skin contact. Therefore, their choice of respiratory diseases as the focus of their short story may suggest their limited understanding of pandemics beyond such diseases. The varying levels of detail in the stories suggested that storytelling could be insightful in identifying knowledge gaps and engaging students. Two exciting questions remain: (1) For the students who wrote those short stories before the COVID-19 pandemic, how did they feel when it hit? (2) If the students are asked again to write a pandemic short story, what would it look like nowadays? A deeper understanding of epidemiology and the social impact of pandemics is crucial for developing effective pandemic preparedness and response plans, and undergraduate courses can play a vital role in this endeavor. Overall, this commentary highlights the value of storytelling in engaging students to assess their knowledge of specific subject matters.","PeriodicalId":73024,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbes","volume":"5 ","pages":"xtae029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11549555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142634030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0