Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Pharmacist-led Si-care (schizophrenia care) model to improve medication adherence and symptom management in schizophrenia","authors":"Noor Cahaya ,&nbsp;Susi Ari Kristina ,&nbsp;Anna Wahyuni Widayanti ,&nbsp;James A. Green","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that requires long-term treatment, particularly antipsychotic medications. However, medication adherence among patients with schizophrenia is often suboptimal, leading to symptom relapse and poor outcomes. The Si-Care (Schizophrenia Care) program was developed as a pharmacist-led home intervention to improve medication adherence and support symptom control in patients with schizophrenia. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Si-Care intervention in improving medication adherence and maintaining stability of symptoms among schizophrenia patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A quasi-experimental study was conducted in three community health centers or Puskesmas in Banjarmasin, Indonesia. A total of 57 participants were recruited according to the sampling criteria. The Si-Care intervention consisted of seven home visits by trained pharmacists over four months, providing education, counseling, and medication monitoring. Adherence to medication was evaluated using the pill count method and severity of symptoms was measured using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) pre- and post-intervention. Data were analyzed using the Friedman test for adherence and the Wilcoxon test for PANSS scores.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean medication adherence improved significantly from 77.38 % ± 25.85 at baseline (T0) to 97.57 % ± 11.09 at the final visit (T4) (<em>p</em> = 0.000). However, the decrease in PANSS scores from 38.03 ± 9.14 to 37.81 ± 9.15 was not statistically significant (<em>p</em> = 0.089). Despite the lack of significant change in PANSS scores, symptoms remained stable throughout the intervention, suggesting effective symptom management.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The Si-Care intervention significantly improved medication adherence among people with schizophrenia, contributing to the maintenance of stable symptoms. Pharmacist-led home interventions provide valuable support to address adherence challenges and should be considered a critical component in schizophrenia care. Future studies should consider a more rigorous design, a larger sample size, and longer follow-up to better evaluate the sustainability, scalability, and applicability of the intervention in diverse healthcare settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100544"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in community pharmacy practice: Pharmacists' perceptions, willingness to utilize, and barriers to implementation","authors":"Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie ,&nbsp;Liknaw Workie Limenh ,&nbsp;Biruk Beletew Abate ,&nbsp;Gashaw Sisay Chanie ,&nbsp;Abebe Tarekegn Kassaw ,&nbsp;Fasil Bayafers Tamene ,&nbsp;Kalab Yigermal Gete ,&nbsp;Ephrem Mebratu Dagnew","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Artificial intelligence (AI) has a significant potential to impact pharmacy practices worldwide. This study investigates pharmacists' perceptions of AI's role in pharmacy practices, their willingness to adopt it, and perceived barriers to its implementation at community pharmacies in Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted among community pharmacists in Ethiopia. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Independent samples <em>t</em>-test, one-way ANOVA, and post-hoc analyses were used to compare pharmacists' perception and willingness scores. A linear regression analysis examined the association of independent variables with pharmacists' perception of AI and willingness to utilize AI. A <em>p</em>-value &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 241 pharmacists approached, 225 (93.3 %) completed the survey. Overall, about two-thirds (67.1 % and 66.2 %) of community pharmacists had a high level of perception and willingness to use AI applications in pharmacy, respectively. Pharmacists with bachelor's degrees and above (β = 2.76: 95 % CI: 0.09, 5.01 vs. β = 1.79: 95 % CI: 0.05, 4.21), those who utilized scientific drug information sources (β = 2.45, 95 %: 0.17, 4.45 vs. β = 1.76, 95 % CI: 0.91, 3.89), pharmacists who had a previous exposure of AI (β = 1.02, 95 %: 0.03, 3.24 vs. β =1.13, 95 % CI: 0.07, 2.93), and those who with higher perceived AI knowledge (β =1.09, 95 % CI: 0.02, 2.46 vs. β = 1.14, 95 %CI: 0.17, 3.11) had significantly higher perception of AI and willingness to utilize it, respectively compared to their counterparts. Lack of internet availability (89.3 %), lack of AI-related software/hardware (88.2 %), and limited training (80.9 %) were the most frequently reported barriers by pharmacists to AI adoption. Over 90 % of pharmacists agreed on the importance of internet availability (93.3 %), policies/frameworks (91.6 %), and research/learning from others (89.3 %) for successful AI integration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite positive perceptions and willingness from pharmacists, AI implementation in community pharmacies could be hindered by resource limitations, training gaps, skill constraints, and infrastructure issues. To facilitate adoption, enhancing knowledge and skills, and developing policies/frameworks are crucial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100542"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Exploratory analysis of medication adherence and social determinants of health among older adults with diabetes” [Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, Volume 12, December 2023, 100371]","authors":"Michelle L. Blakely ,&nbsp;Fatimah Sherbeny ,&nbsp;Tessa J. Hastings ,&nbsp;LaKeisha Boyd ,&nbsp;Omolola A. Adeoye-Olatunde","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100449","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100449"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141048236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmaceutical industry use of key opinion leaders to market prescription opioids: A review of internal industry documents","authors":"Brian Gac ,&nbsp;Kgosi Tavares ,&nbsp;Hanna Yakubi ,&nbsp;Hannah Khan ,&nbsp;Dorie E. Apollonio ,&nbsp;Eric Crosbie","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Prescription opioid-related deaths increased by 200 % from 2000 to 2014. There has been limited research regarding channels used by pharmaceutical companies to market prescription opioids. In this study, we investigated pharmaceutical industry use of key opinion leaders (KOLs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective qualitative review of the first 503 opioid industry documents publicly released, which are held at the University of California, San Francisco Opioid Industry Document Archive (OIDA). We reviewed documents including legal rulings, correspondences, witness statements, clinical studies, and corporate communications for relevance and coded them by themes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between 2001 and 2019, pharmaceutical companies including Janssen, Purdue Pharma, and Cephalon identified, recruited and developed individuals they referred to as “Key Opinion Leaders,” (KOLs) that they recognized could reach strategic audiences to influence prescriber behaviors. Pharmaceutical companies identified KOLs through a variety of sources ranging from partnerships with PR firms to social media analysis and congressional and regulatory sources. Companies recruited KOLs through various methods including surveys to identify common names identified by physicians, internal rankings based on friendliness, and opioid prescribing behaviors. Companies employed KOLs as speakers at conferences for branded opioid products, authors of research articles in support of prescription opioids, and consultants regarding marketing strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>KOLs were employed by the pharmaceutical industry to leverage their reputations in the service of encouraging healthcare providers to prescribe more opioids. It is critical to ensure that researchers and leaders in the medical field are aware and critical of pharmaceutical corporate profit-led biases and are free from conflicts of interest to avoid inappropriate prescribing and minimize adverse outcomes for patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100543"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging generations: The central role of career-stage mentorship in social and administrative pharmacy","authors":"Ammar Abdulrahman Jairoun ,&nbsp;Sabaa Saleh Al-Hemyari ,&nbsp;Moyad Shahwan ,&nbsp;Mena Al-Ani ,&nbsp;Mustafa Habeb ,&nbsp;Faris El-Dahiyat","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mentorship plays a central role in the professional development of practitioners across a vast range of disciplines. Social and administrative pharmacy is no different. Yet, in this field, the practice of experienced practitioners passing on their knowledge and skills to those new to the profession, known as career-stage mentorship, is in decline. This editorial examines why this is happening, what it means for social and administrative pharmacy, and how this valuable practice can be restored.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100506"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Academic conference posters: Describing visual impression in pharmacy education” [Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, Volume 13, March 2024, 100423]","authors":"Sheela Khadka,&nbsp;Katlyn Holt,&nbsp;Michael J. Peeters","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100436","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100436"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140773799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community pharmacy and selfcare provision: An international perspective","authors":"Noelia Amador-Fernandez ,&nbsp;Shane Desselle ,&nbsp;Victoria García-Cárdenas ,&nbsp;Sarah Dineen-Griffin ,&nbsp;Shalom I. Benrimoj","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A themed series of papers titled “Selfcare for Health System Sustainability: An International Series on the Role of Community Pharmacy” were published in the Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy journal between 2022 and 2024. The themed series covered 13 countries and had three objectives:</div><div>Objective 1 to describe selfcare policies, strategies and developments in countries and the key changes envisaged to ensure a more effective use of non-prescription products and ensure patient safety regarding drug, non-drug products and practices; Objective 2 to provide country-based selfcare activities and services with examples of programs; and Objective 3 to discuss the challenges and opportunities community pharmacy/pharmacists face in relation to the provision of selfcare services.</div><div>Most countries stated that there was little or no government policy recognition of selfcare and when they do exist, pharmacists' roles are rarely mentioned. Some countries stated that there was “no meaningful translation of the term selfcare” and on many occasions, different terminology such as “health promotion”, “prevention” or “disease prevention” were used.</div><div>Minor ailment services and counselling on self-medication were the only two services listed by all authors related to selfcare. Although some services may include selfcare elements, most services identified include selfcare as a side component. One could question whether the term “selfcare” is understood in its broad definition by the pharmacy profession.</div><div>Some of the challenges identified by authors were lack of service remuneration, lack of standardization of services, lack of selfcare training for pharmacists or lack of integration of pharmacies within the healthcare system. Pharmacies are reportedly already providing many services related to selfcare; however, it might be beneficial if the concept of selfcare was better defined, used more inclusively, more formally codified in regulatory policy to facilitate improvements and recognition of the roles of pharmacists and other health care providers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141394964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the complementariness of robotic tablet dispensing machines for elderly care: A bibliometric data analysis","authors":"Sunday Adewale Olaleye ,&nbsp;Olaleye Esther Olubunmi ,&nbsp;Berhanemeskel Weldegerima Atsbeha ,&nbsp;Mulugeta Negash Wodaje","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of academic papers and conference proceedings related to tablet dispensers, medicine dispensers, and pill dispensers within the framework of Sustainable Development Goal 03: Good Health and Well-Being. The analysis spans literature published between 1997 and 2023. Utilizing the Web of Science database, the study employs keywords such as “tablet dispenser,” “medicine dispenser,” and “pill dispenser” to gather relevant English-language papers classified as Proceeding Papers or Articles. The inclusion and exclusion criteria filtered 79 initial records down to 40, focusing on articles pertinent to SDG 03. Data analysis was performed using the Biblioshiny App through RStudio, examining publication trends, authorship patterns, citation networks, and other bibliometric indicators. The findings reveal a steady increase in research output, moderate citation impact, extensive references, and collaborative authorship, with limited international collaboration. The study underscores the growing interest and research activity in robotic tablet dispensing machines for elderly care while highlighting areas for further global engagement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100545"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges prescribing and dispensing oral antibiotics with poor palatability for paediatric patients: A qualitative interview study with GPs and pharmacists","authors":"Ayat Elgammal ,&nbsp;Joseph Ryan ,&nbsp;Colin Bradley ,&nbsp;Abina Crean ,&nbsp;Margaret Bermingham","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Poor palatability of antibiotics is a key cause for non-adherence to antibiotic treatment among children. Failure to complete antibiotic treatment because of poor palatability can cause disease recurrence and may contribute to increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the experience and challenges faced by general practitioners (GPs) and community pharmacists regarding prescribing and dispensing oral liquid antibiotics for children and the impact of poorly palatable antibiotic formulations on patients and the health-system.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>One-to-one semi-structured interviews with GPs and pharmacists were conducted via an online video-conferencing platform. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty participants (7 GPs and 13 pharmacists) were interviewed. Three main themes and eight subthemes were identified. Theme 1: <em>challenges reported by GPs and pharmacists</em> included four subthemes; (i) factors affecting prescribing and dispensing antibiotics, (ii) reasons to select poorly palatable antibiotics, (iii) palatability discussion with parents, and (iv) formulation factors affecting oral liquid antibiotic acceptability. Theme 2: <em>the impact of prescribing or dispensing poorly palatable oral liquid antibiotics</em> encompassed two sub themes; (i) patient impact and (ii) health-system impact. Theme 3: <em>overcoming palatability challenges</em> involved two subthemes; (i) raising awareness of flavour and palatability issues among healthcare professionals and (ii) counselling parents while prescribing and before dispensing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There is a need to increase palatability awareness among healthcare professionals and parents. The development of more palatable oral liquid formulations can play a role in improving prescribing and medicines taking practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-dispensed prescriptions – A nationwide descriptive study","authors":"Heini Kari ,&nbsp;Fredriikka Nurminen ,&nbsp;Hanna Rättö ,&nbsp;Hanna Koskinen","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Medication non-adherence is associated with suboptimal health outcomes, higher mortality, and increased healthcare costs.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to estimate the number and share of non-dispensed prescriptions at a national level and in specific patient and medicine subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study was a nationwide retrospective register-based study. The data consisted of prescriptions prescribed in Finland in 2020 and dispensed between 2020 and 2022. A prescription was considered non-dispensed if it had not been dispensed within the two-year validity period. For each prescription, information on the patient's birth date, sex, and income as well as details of the prescribed medicine and physician's employment sector (public/private) were collected. Distributions and odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were used in the analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 26 million prescriptions, 13.3 % were never filled. Over 1.7 million people (43.3 % of all people with prescriptions issued in 2020) had at least one non-dispensed prescription. The share of non-dispensed prescriptions was lower in men than women (12.9 % vs. 13.5 %; OR:0.95; CI:0.95–0.95). Compared to the youngest age group, the share of non-dispensed prescriptions was lower in the older age groups. The lowest share of non-dispensed medicines was in antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents (7.8 %) and in cardiovascular system medicines (8.1 %), whereas the highest was in dermatologicals (20.2 %). The proportion of non-dispensed prescriptions varied between medicine groups, from 5 % for thyroid therapy to 38 % for other nervous system drugs. The most frequently non-dispensed medications were paracetamol, ibuprofen, and salbutamol.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The share and number of non-dispensed prescriptions varied across therapeutic areas, medicine groups, active pharmaceutical ingredients, and patient groups. Healthcare professionals should avoid unnecessary prescribing and improve medication adherence to ensure safer and more effective care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}