Engineering reports : open access最新文献

{"title":"Tire Pressure Monitoring System Using Feature Fusion and Family of Lazy Classifiers","authors":"Arpit Pandey,&nbsp;Sridharan Naveen Venkatesh,&nbsp;Prabhakaranpillai Sreelatha Anoop,&nbsp;B. R. Manju,&nbsp;Vaithiyanathan Sugumaran","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) is crucial for road safety, fuel efficiency, and vehicle performance. This study focuses on nitrogen-filled pneumatic tires due to their uniform pressure management and thermal stability advantages over air-filled tires. Using machine learning, the research analyzes TPMS data to enhance understanding of tire behavior and vehicle safety. It employs various feature extraction methods and lazy-based classifiers to analyze vibration signals collected under idle, high-speed, normal, and puncture conditions using MEMS accelerometers. The study examines autoregressive moving average (ARMA), histogram, and statistical features individually and in combinations (statistical-histogram, histogram-ARMA, statistical-ARMA, and statistical-histogram-ARMA) to improve predictive accuracy. By integrating these features, the study aims to optimize predictive modeling of TPMS. Empirically, the research achieved 97.92% accuracy using the local weighted learning (LWL) algorithm, demonstrating the effectiveness of combined statistical, histogram, and ARMA features in enhancing TPMS predictive capabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stabilization of Highway Pavement Base Using Coal Ash, Experience of Georgia: Laboratory Characterization and Field Evaluation","authors":"Aleks Burduladze,&nbsp;Tengiz Papushvili,&nbsp;Nugzar Rurua,&nbsp;Beqa Khetsuriani,&nbsp;Valentin Romanovski","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13063","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of the road network is a topical issue for any country. One of the promising areas in this area is the use of waste for the purpose of its disposal, as well as obtaining road surfaces of better quality. This approach allows not only to reduce the negative impact on the environment but also to reduce the cost of road surface production and to improve the transport and operational characteristics of the road surface. The article discusses the studies of secondary material slag ash from fuel combustion as a replacement for bitumen. The optimal ash additive was 12 wt%. When using ash to stabilize the base of the road surface, the dynamic deformation characteristic increases by 104%, and under static load, the deformation modulus by 51% and the elastic modulus by 89%. The performance of the coal ash-stabilized mixtures was superior to traditional materials such as bitumen-cement mixtures across multiple metrics. In terms of compressive strength, the coal ash mixture (12% ash, 4% cement) demonstrated a 20% improvement compared to the bitumen-cement mixture. Similarly, its tensile strength was 18% higher due to the pozzolanic properties of coal ash, which enhanced bonding. The California bearing ratio (CBR) for the ash mixture was 127%, outperforming the bitumen-cement mixture (118%) and untreated sand-gravel mixture (71%). Under dynamic loading, the deformation modulus of the ash-based mixture (125.43 MPa) was 1.2 times higher than the bitumen-cement mixture (106.02 MPa) and more than double that of the untreated mixture (61.38 MPa). These results demonstrate that coal ash significantly improves the mechanical properties and durability of road base layers, providing a compelling case for its use over traditional materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hall and Thermo-Diffusion Effects on Chemically Reactive MHD Unsteady Brinkman-Type Dissipative Flow of EO-Based MoS2 Nanofluid From a Rotating Plate in Porous Medium","authors":"B. Prabhakar Reddy,&nbsp;Jumanne Mng'ang'a,&nbsp;M. Paul Matao","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13048","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In many mechanical systems, the friction is a major aspect in the energy loss. However, lubrication is the ultimate way to reduce friction. The engine-oil is the prominent lubricant for internal combustion engines. Last few decades, nanofluids gained credit as an inventive low-friction technology that significantly lowers emissions and keeps great energy savings. Therefore, this study analyzes the thermo-diffusion Brinkman-type radiative engine-oil based unsteady magnetohydrodynamics heat consuming Molybdenum-disulfide nanofluid flow with Hall, chemical reaction and viscous dissipation impacts from a rotating plate in porous environs. The finite difference numerical scheme was utilized to get the numerical solutions of the flow fields. The numerical results accomplished for velocity, temperature and concentration relating to assorted flow parameters with the help of MATLAB are interpreted graphically whilst the engineering quantities by tables. The ultimate results bring-out that the temperature and both velocity components upsurges due to viscous dissipation and radiation effects but heat consumption affects oppositely. The nanoparticle's volume fraction significantly improves the temperature field. The Brinkman parameter and nanoparticle's volume fraction causes to slow-down both velocity components whereas thermo-diffusion and Hall parameters have exposed opposite impact. The magnetic field and rotational parameters tend to downgrade the primary velocity and heightens the secondary velocity. The concentration field repressed by the chemical reaction reagent. Heat transfer rate enhanced at the surface by increasing viscous dissipation and volume fraction but it is lessened with radiation and heat-consumption. Interestingly, the heat transfer rate significantly raises to <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>3.97</mn>\u0000 <mo>%</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ 3.97% $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> when dispersing <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>4</mn>\u0000 <mo>%</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ 4% $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> Molybdenum-disulfide nanoparticles to engine-oil which enhanced its lubrication.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generating Rainfall IDF Curves Using IMD Reduction Formula and Choosing the Best Distribution for Babylon City, Iraq","authors":"Sajad Khalil Al-Jalili,&nbsp;Haider M. Zwain,&nbsp;Ali Mohsen Hayder","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) models are considered one of the most important tools used in water resources projects, as well as the design and planning of hydraulic structures such as sewerage channels, bridges, culverts, and road networks. This study aims to generate IDF curves for the Iraqi city of Babylon based on the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) empirical reduction formula and to choose the optimal distribution that gives the greatest rainfall intensity among the three distributions used in this research (generalized extreme value, Log-Pearson type III, and Gumbel). This study examined daily rainfall data collected from the Iraqi Authority of Meteorology and Seismic Monitoring for a period of 32 years, from 1991 to 2022. The IMD reduction formula was used to calculate rainfall intensity for shorter durations (5, 10, 20, 30, 60, 120, 360, 720, and 1440 min) and custom return periods (2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years). To determine the goodness of fit for the data distributions, the Easy Fit 5.6 program was applied with three tests (the <i>χ</i>² test, the Anderson–Darling test, and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test). The results showed that all distributions were acceptable for both tests and all storm durations and that the rainfall intensity decreased with increasing duration of the rainstorm. It also showed that rainfall increases rainfall intensity during large return periods. Based on the criteria of AIC and BIC, the LP-3 distribution was chosen as the best distribution to simulate rainfall in Babylon City using the IDM reduction formula.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Solar-Biomass-Diesel-Generator Hybrid Energy for Water Pumping System Considering Demand Response","authors":"Olumuyiwa Taiwo Amusan,&nbsp;Nnamdi Ikechi Nwulu,&nbsp;Saheed Lekan Gbadamosi","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13055","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The water pumping system is a vital daily operation for a sustainable society. The demand for this essential commodity is progressively growing around the world. Incorporating renewable energy sources (RES) into its operation mitigates adverse environmental effects stemming from greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and reduces associated costs linked to fossil fuel energy sources. Hence, the optimal sizing of a hybrid mix of RES and non-RES energy sources to power water pumping is essential. This study employs a generalized reduced gradient (GRG) optimization method to ascertain the most effective energy mix for water pumping system (WPS) application by integrating time of use demand response. This is achieved through four scenarios: Scenario 1 (S1) utilizes grid power and Diesel generator (DG) energy sources, Scenario 2 (S2) incorporates grid power, DG, and solar PV, Scenario 3 (S3) integrates grid power, DG, solar PV, and biomass energy sources, while Scenario 4 (S4) incorporates Time of Use (TOU) with the three aforementioned energy sources. The key findings reveal an ideal solution comprising of a mix of renewable PV and biomass along with non-renewable grid energy source embedded with Time of Use demand response (S4) with optimal energy capacities of 4007 kW of PV, 4228 kW of grid, 234 kW of biomass, and 1085 of DG owing to the least cost energy and cost of water pumped of 0.75$/kW and 1.74$/kL, respectively, most volume of water pumped of 270.50 kL. These findings prove that the integration TOU demand response program with a hybrid mix of grid-biomass-DG-solar PV is best suited for water pumping applications as it gives a cost-competitive value.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pixel Imaging Method, Transport Phenomenon in Sizes From Nano, Micro, and Milli Scale Pore Membrane","authors":"Vishal Nandigana","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13051","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this article, we develop NanoSoft SoftLab GUI circuit model and oscillator model to study the current–time and current–voltage characteristics inside the nanopore membrane. We study the ion transport for silicon nitride sputtered with silicon dioxide (Si₃N₄–SiO₂) nanopore membrane, graphene, and molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) nanopore membrane. Further, we apply our two models to understand the ion transport in two polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micropore reservoirs connected in series with no nanopore membrane. Furthermore, we perform circuit simulations on silicon nitride sputtered with silicon dioxide with pore radius varying from nanometer to millimeter to obtain current from pA to μA. Here we develop NanoSoft visualization software to match the silicon nitride nanopore membrane. We develop open-loop controller model to relate the ionic current in the nanopore to the nanofluidic calculator output. Our work can find applications for energy-efficient nanofluidic processors and computers to build towards the recent nanofluidic memristive synapse-like memory dynamics literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Strength Anhydrite Cement Based on Lime Mud From Water Treatment Process: One Step Synthesis in Water Environment, Characterization and Technological Parameters","authors":"Maksim Kamarou,&nbsp;Hongbin Tan,&nbsp;Dmitry Moskovskikh,&nbsp;Natallia Kulinich,&nbsp;Xiaoling Ma,&nbsp;Feihua Yang,&nbsp;Evgenii Beletskii,&nbsp;Elena Alekseeva,&nbsp;Sergey Yudin,&nbsp;Valentin Romanovski","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13054","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the process of water treatment from surface water sources, lime mud as waste is formed. This waste contains CaO, Ca(OH)₂, and CaCO₃. The article proposes a comprehensive method for processing lime mud into high-strength anhydrite cement. The method involves the interaction of lime mud with waste sulfuric acid from the production of polymer fibers using a structure-controlled method in the (CaO·Ca(OH)₂·CaCO₃)—H₂SO₄—H₂O system at a temperature of 40°C. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the presence of CaSO₄ and CaSO₄·0.62H₂O phases with a purity of 99.8%. The structure-controlled method makes it possible to control the formation and growth of calcium sulfate crystals of the required shape and size, due to which it is possible to obtain anhydrite cement with desired properties. Combined grinding of synthetic anhydrite with activator additives makes it possible to obtain anhydrite cement with a strength of up to 28.5 MPa.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143116443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinematic Analysis and Optimization of Jerk Considering Elasticity of Weightlifting Bar and Damping Effect of Body in Clean and Jerk","authors":"Min Hyok Jon,&nbsp;Un-Ryong Rim","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13042","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The purpose of this study is kinematic analysis and optimization of jerk considering elasticity of the weightlifting bar and damping effect of the body. In order for weightlifters to achieve good technical skills in clean and jerk, the elasticity of weightlifting bar needs to be examined. First of all, barbell's trajectory, which leads to derivation of barbell's velocity and acceleration over time, is tracked by using image processing technology such as pattern recognition from video clip filmed the lifter's performance. Since the pull used during the clean is similar to the pull used during the snatch, the focus is set on examination of the jerk. Five kinematic characteristics—“Jerk-Preparing-Time,” “Jerk-Drive-Velocity,” “Jerk-Time,” “Jerk-Offset,” and “Jerk-Drop” are newly introduced to evaluate the jerk technique. Then, a kinematic model which is comprised of springs and dashpots is proposed in order to simulate and optimize the jerk using elasticity of weightlifting bar. Spring constant and damping coefficient of the model is estimated by analyzing the barbell's oscillation on the shoulders. Besides, spring constant is calculated by theory of bending of beam, as well. Finally, an optimal control problem based on the proposed kinematic model is formulated to optimize the jerk. The methodology is illustrated with case study, showing good agreement with actual lifts. It could be useful for improving the jerk technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143116055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Solar Convection Analysis With Multi-Core Processors and GPUs","authors":"Arash Heidari,&nbsp;Zahra Amiri,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Jabraeil Jamali,&nbsp;Nima Jafari Navimipour","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the realm of astrophysical numerical calculations, the demand for enhanced computing power is imperative. The time-consuming nature of calculations, particularly in the domain of solar convection, poses a significant challenge for Astrophysicists seeking to analyze new data efficiently. Because they let different kinds of data be worked on separately, parallel algorithms are a good way to speed up this kind of work. A lot of this study is about how to use both multi-core computers and GPUs to do math work about solar energy at the same time. Cutting down on the time it takes to work with data is the main goal. This way, new data can be looked at more quickly and without having to practice for a long time. It works well when you do things in parallel, especially when you use GPUs for 3D tasks, which speeds up the work a lot. This is proof of how important it is to adjust the parallelization methods based on the size of the numbers. But for 2D math, computers with more than one core work better. The results not only fix bugs in models of solar convection, but they also show that speed changes a little based on the gear and how it is processed.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Characterization of Mikania, Kapok, Wool, Sugarcane, and Pineapple Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composite","authors":"Rafid Anan,&nbsp;Hasan Al Mahmud,&nbsp;Tabriz Ahnaf Khan,&nbsp;Md Sakib Ul Alam Sakib,&nbsp;Md Shahadhat Hossain","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study utilizes plant-derived fibers including Mikania, wool, kapok, sugarcane, and pineapple as strengthening additions to fabricated and tested reinforced polyester mixtures. This study aimed to examine the mechanical qualities and potential applications of these natural materials in boosting the effectiveness of polyester composites. The composites were formed by including natural fibers into a polyester base using a hand lay-up preparation method. The finished samples received a complete assessment, covering tensile and impact testing as well as SEM analysis. The findings showed that incorporating natural materials like Mikania vines, wool, kapok fuzz, sugarcane fibers, and pineapple leaves had a notably positive effect on the mechanical features of the plastic composites. The tensile strength of the material combined pineapple was particularly high, achieving a maximum stress of 42.4822 N/mm² and a maximum stretch of 4.27950%. Similarly, that same composite exhibited a maximum stretch of 3.75753% and a maximum stress of 77.4922 N/mm² during the bending experiment. The substances exhibiting the strongest impact endurance, as determined by the impact assessment, included kapok, Mikania, wool, pineapple, and sugarcane. The kapok provided an impact toughness of 1.2 N m, which was somewhat elevated. This research offers a precious understanding of using natural fibers as strengthening additives in polyester composites, demonstrating their flexible perspective for many uses. The discoveries present hopeful possibilities for additional examination and progression in composite materials, consequently advancing the development of sustainable materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}