Engineering reports : open access最新文献

{"title":"Study on Harmonic Suppression Method of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor in High Voltage Wire Inspection Robot","authors":"Ma Long,&nbsp;Xu Xiaoyi,&nbsp;Mao Yanfang,&nbsp;Wang Baocang","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70130","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The working environment for safety inspection of high-voltage wires is very harsh, such as high temperature, low temperature, high altitude, wind, and rain weather, etc. High-voltage wire inspection robots can replace human work. For the robot, the harmonic suppression of the permanent magnet synchronous motor will determine the completion of inspection work. Therefore, from the point of view of the control algorithm, this paper analyzes the speed, time, and frequency domain signals of the motor driven by the Space Vector Modulation DTC (SVM-DTC) method. Then, the <i>d</i>-axis current is equal to zero in the adjustment control algorithm, and a direct torque control method of the permanent magnet synchronous motor space vector modulation based on time-varying flux amplitude is proposed. This control algorithm can effectively suppress the amplitude of harmonic components while reducing the fluctuation of the rotational speed signal in the time domain. After the improved motor control strategy, the torque fluctuation of the motor decreased by 42.86%. It greatly improves the stability of the robot in the operation of high-voltage electric wire. Finally, the effectiveness of this method is verified by experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Efficient Multi-Core DSP Power Management Controller","authors":"Jian Huang,&nbsp;Huili Wang,&nbsp;Guohui Gong,&nbsp;Lei Wang,&nbsp;Xiaowen Chen","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Today's society has entered a digital era, and the use of DSP is becoming increasingly frequent and important. In order to achieve the market targets of high energy efficiency, it is necessary to integrate low-power design from the chip design stage. Based on FT-xDSP chip architecture, this work designs a power management controller for DSP suitable for multi-core and multi-integrated peripherals from the perspective of power control in the chip design stage. This controller can precisely control the power supply, clock, and memory of each module in the DSP and introduces a clamp control unit in the power management controller to solve the problem of possible glitches during asynchronous reset and ensures that the system has no overflow of redundant requests. Additionally, a configurable state transition counter is also set up to avoid the problem of insufficient state transition time for low-speed peripherals or long waiting time for high-speed peripherals. After the pre-tapeout experiment and post-tapeout testing data analysis, the above new power control manager has excellent power management performance. In the low power consumption state of the chip, the overall power consumption of the core is reduced by over 95%, which is of great significance for achieving high-efficiency processor chips.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern-Reconfigurable Antenna Using Four-Elements Planar Bended Dipole Array for 5G Beam-Switching Applications","authors":"Saber Dakhli,&nbsp;Jean-Marie Floc'h,&nbsp;Ameni Mersani,&nbsp;Hatem Rmili","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article presents a circular array using four-element dipoles with beam-switching capabilities for 5G communications. The beam can switch in four directions by controlling the switch states implemented in the arms of each dipole. The different antenna modes lead to different radiation behaviors. The first is a directional behavior containing four radiation modes depending on the dipole fed into the network. The second type of radiation has a double beam pattern according to the two fed dipoles. According to the simulated results, a corresponding overall bandwidth of 932.3 MHz (S₁₁ &lt; − 10 dB) can be obtained with a peak gain of 3.15 dBi and an overall efficiency of 80%. The proposed antenna is fabricated and measured to verify the simulation results. This low-cost, efficient, and easy-to-design antenna array can be very useful for 5G beam switching applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cooling of Duplex Stainless-Steel Bars With Different Water and Air Impinging Jet Flow Rates","authors":"Pavel Romanov,&nbsp;Getiye Gebeyaw,&nbsp;Arvid Jahedi,&nbsp;Rasmus Kristensen,&nbsp;Bahram Moshfegh,&nbsp;Viktor Norman,&nbsp;Ru Lin Peng,&nbsp;Mattias Calmunger","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70132","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Super duplex stainless steel (SDSS), known for its high corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, is widely used in applications in aggressive environments, such as marine and petrochemical industries. However, intermetallic precipitates may form during cooling from high temperatures, detrimentally affecting the steel's properties, especially its impact toughness. Since cooling after solution annealing is a key step in production to obtain a precipitation-free component, it is important to understand to what extent the cooling process can be optimized and adjusted in terms of cooling rates and their effect on the quality of steel. The aim of this study is to study the effect of cooling rate on the quality of SDSS. For this purpose, the Impinging Jet Quenching Technique (IJQT) was employed to perform continuous and controlled cooling of 80 mm diameter SDSS 2507 solid bars with water and air jets of different flow rates to cover a wide range of cooling rates. The bars were analyzed through microstructure analysis using a scanning electron microscope, hardness tests, impact toughness tests, and fracture surface observations using a stereo light microscope. The results showed a consistent decrease in impact toughness throughout the tests with decreasing cooling capacity, which facilitated the <i>σ</i>-phase precipitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Glaucoma Diagnosis Through Multi-Scale Feature Extraction and Cross-Attention Mechanisms in Optical Coherence Tomography Images","authors":"Hamid Reza Khajeha,&nbsp;Mansoor Fateh,&nbsp;Vahid Abolghasemi,&nbsp;Amir Reza Fateh,&nbsp;Mohammad Hassan Emamian,&nbsp;Hassan Hashemi,&nbsp;Akbar Fotouhi","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70110","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Glaucoma is a major cause of irreversible vision loss, resulting from damage to the optic nerve. Hence, early diagnosis of this disease is crucial. This study utilizes optical coherence tomography (OCT) images from the “Shahroud Eye Cohort Study” dataset which has an unbalanced nature, to diagnose this disease. To address this imbalance, a novel approach is proposed, combining weighted bagging ensemble learning with deep learning models and data augmentation. Specifically, the glaucoma data is expanded sixfold using data augmentation techniques, and the normal data is stratified into five groups. Glaucoma samples were subsequently merged into each group, and independent training was performed. In addition to data balancing, the proposed method incorporates key architectural innovations, including multi-scale feature extraction, a cross-attention mechanism, and a Channel and Spatial Attention Module (CSAM), to improve feature extraction and focus on critical image regions. The suggested approach achieves an impressive accuracy of 98.90% with a 95% confidence interval of (96.76%, 100%) for glaucoma detection. In comparison to the earlier leading methods ConvNeXtLarge model, our method exhibits a 2.2% improvement in accuracy while using fewer parameters. These results have the potential to significantly aid ophthalmologists in early glaucoma detection, leading to more effective treatment interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Joule Heating and Nonlinear Thermal Radiation on the Electrical Conductivity of Second-Grade Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Over a Stretching Cylinder","authors":"Eshetu Haile Gorfie,&nbsp;Asfaw Tsegaye Moltot,&nbsp;Gurju Awgichew Zergaw,&nbsp;Hunegnaw Dessie","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70129","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;This study examines the heat and mass transfer rates of an electrically conducting second-grade hybrid nanofluid over a stretching cylinder, focusing on the effects of Joule heating, nonuniform heat sources, and nonlinear thermal radiation. The hybrid nanofluid, composed of silver nanoparticles and aluminum oxide in ethylene glycol, enhances thermal conductivity and heat transfer efficiency in second-grade fluid flows, making it suitable for applications in heat exchangers, aerospace, renewable energy, and electronic cooling systems. The novelty of the research lies in the comparative analysis of flow characteristics, heat and mass transfer rates, and the influence of key phenomena such as nonlinear thermal radiation, Joule heating, nonuniform heat sources, chemical reactions, Soret number, thermophoresis, and Brownian motion on velocity and temperature profiles in &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;Al&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {mathrm{Al}}_2{mathrm{O}}_3 $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;-ethylene glycol and &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;Ag-Al&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ mathrm{Ag}hbox{-} {mathrm{Al}}_2{mathrm{O}}_3 $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;-ethylene glycol hybrid nanofluids. Using a similarity transformation, the governing partial differential equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations and solved numerically using MATLAB's bvp4c package. Results are validated against existing data, showing good agreement. Graphical representations of the influence of various physical parameters on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are presented, along with their effects on the skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt number, and Sherwood number. The findings show that curvature effects increase the boundary layer thickness f","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Preparation of a Modifier for Recycled Aggregate and Its Effect on Properties of Recycled Aggregate","authors":"Zhengsong Yang,&nbsp;Weibin Li","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70067","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, silicon-based hybrid material modifiers were synthesized using organic–inorganic hybridization methods from polyvinyl alcohol and nano-SiO₂ as principal raw materials. The effects of the hybridization ratio and various factors on the workability and mechanical properties of cement mortar were systematically studied. Subsequently, the hybrid material modifiers were optimized to improve cement performance to enhance recycled aggregate. The experimental results show that the hybrid enhancement with the developed silicon-based modifiers improved mortar workability, increased its water retention, and reduced the water absorption rate of recycled aggregate by 35%, in addition to a 30% decrease in the crushing value.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Technological Systems for Improving Drivers' Thermal Comfort","authors":"Mert Duzgun,&nbsp;Bertug Ozarisoy,&nbsp;Hasim Altan,&nbsp;Sam Moshaver","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70128","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the integration of adaptive thermal comfort and indoor air quality (IAQ) systems in modern vehicles, emphasizing their impact on occupant well-being and automotive design innovation. The research examines state-of-the-art advancements in vehicle climate control technologies, from past developments to emerging smart thermal management solutions. It explores how artificial intelligence (AI), biometric monitoring, and energy-efficient climate control systems are transforming in-car comfort, ensuring dynamic adaptation to occupant needs while improving energy efficiency. A qualitative research methodology was adopted, incorporating explanatory and descriptive analysis. Data was collected through an extensive review of archival records, technical specifications, industry reports, and photographic sources to assess the evolution and effectiveness of thermal comfort technologies. The findings indicate that innovative HVAC and IAQ systems significantly enhance both driver and passenger comfort, leading to higher consumer demand for vehicles equipped with these technologies. Furthermore, the study highlights that future thermal comfort solutions will align with evolving user expectations, regulatory standards (such as ASHRAE-55 and EN-16798), and global sustainability goals. By bridging automotive engineering, human-centered design, and energy-efficient climate control, this study provides valuable insights into the next generation of intelligent vehicle comfort systems. The results offer a framework for optimizing thermal regulation strategies and demonstrate the potential of integrating adaptive climate control with AI-driven environmental sensing to enhance in-car experiences. Future research should focus on expanding AI-based climate personalization models and evaluating user perceptions of smart comfort technologies in real-world driving conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization and Control Method for Adjustable Load Under Distributed Transactions Considering Security Verification","authors":"Xinyao Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoyi Qian,&nbsp;Wenyao Sun,&nbsp;Yi Zhao","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article focuses on the key issues of demand-side distributed trading in response to the challenges faced by traditional wholesale electricity markets in transitioning to new power systems. First, considering the large number of participants, small trading volume in the demand side distributed trading market, and the unsuitability of traditional centralized clearing mechanisms, a suitable framework and trading mechanism for the distributed trading market have been designed. Second, the problems of reverse energy transmission, voltage overload, and power flow exceeding limits caused by distributed new energy access in the new power system were analyzed, and a distributed transaction security verification method based on multi-perception layer neural networks was proposed. Finally, the impact of rapidly changing market conditions, distributed new energy, and uncertainty in actual electricity output on user optimization scheduling was emphasized, and a user optimization scheduling model was established to achieve low-cost control. This article aims to fully tap into the potential of demand-side regulation under the premise of market clearing, facilitate the local utilization of distributed renewable energy, and guarantee the secure and reliable operation of the power grid.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Productivity Improvement of Garments Industry by Implementing Line Balancing Algorithms—A Case Study","authors":"Mst. Anjuman Ara,&nbsp;Nafisa Anjum,&nbsp;Dilir Ahbab,&nbsp;Mushfica Takia Sidiika,&nbsp;Risat Rimi Chowdhury","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70125","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nowadays, the apparel industry is highly competitive worldwide and requires the correct application of industrial engineering techniques such as time study and line balancing techniques for productivity improvement. Productivity improvement in the readymade garments industry is mostly dependent on lead time as well as the cost of production. This research aims to recommend an effective layout and line-balancing strategy so that downtime, process bottlenecks, the number of workstations, and the required number of personnel can be minimized to improve the efficiency of the production line. For this purpose, three different heuristics approaches named the Ranked Positional Weight (RPW) method, the Largest Candidate Rule (LCR), and the Kilbridge &amp; Wester method are implemented for analyzing the production line. After the implementation of line balancing techniques, it was found that all three methods improved the line efficiency compared to the existing line efficiency. Among the three heuristics methods, the RPW method and LCR increased efficiency more compared to the Kilbridge and Wester method (KWM). By lowering the current 42 workstations to 23, the RPW method and LCR demonstrated an improvement in the line efficiency of the current hemming unit to 79.80% from 43.70%. The RPW approach or LCR will be effective in terms of efficiency in this particular situation. Finally, an efficient and improved balanced line is suggested with a new sequence of processes and an optimally designed layout which will minimize the idle time and manpower requirement. The derived results demonstrate that the devised model can effectively assist production managers in garment manufacturing organizations in managing line efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}