Engineering reports : open access最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating Properties and Applications of Innovative Recycled Aggregate Concrete","authors":"Kameshwar Sahani,&nbsp;Anish Kunwar,&nbsp;Prajwal Dhakal,&nbsp;Arjun Kunwar,&nbsp;Suresh Kumar Sahani,&nbsp;Binay Kumar Pandey,&nbsp;Digvijay Pandey","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70251","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The global demand for concrete, driven by rapid industrialization and urbanization, has led to significant depletion of natural aggregates and increased environmental concerns. Natural aggregates, which constitute about 70%–80% of concrete mix volume, are essential for concrete production, but their extraction, processing, and transport contribute to considerable environmental degradation. The extensive demolition of old infrastructure due to urban growth generates massive construction and demolition waste (CDW), exacerbating landfill shortages and leading to contamination of groundwater and ecosystems. This paper explores the use of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) derived from CDW as an alternative to natural aggregates, offering a sustainable solution to reduce waste, conserve natural resources, and minimize environmental impact. It examines the structural and environmental implications of RCA in concrete, particularly focusing on challenges such as high porosity, elevated water absorption, and reduced mechanical and durability performance. Strategies to overcome these limitations, such as incorporating supplementary cementitious materials (fly ash, silica fume), advanced mixing techniques like the Two-Stage Mixing Approach (TSMA), and fiber reinforcement, are critically discussed. The review also emphasizes the role of numerical models and machine learning in optimizing RAC mix designs and predicting its behavior, offering valuable insights for sustainable construction practices. Furthermore, the study incorporates Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to quantify environmental benefits and assesses real-world applications and current codal provisions. The conclusions drawn suggest that RAC, if optimized with appropriate mix designs and processing methods, can significantly contribute to sustainable construction. However, more research is needed to standardize RCA processing methods and conduct long-term field validations to further enhance its mechanical and durability properties. RAC not only presents an environmentally beneficial alternative to traditional concrete, but also supports a circular economy by reducing CDW and minimizing reliance on natural resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70251","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing WEDM Parameters Using Swarm Intelligence: A Multi-Objective Approach to Improve Machinability and Cost-Efficiency","authors":"Abhijit Bhowmik,&nbsp;Raman Kumar,&nbsp;Nikunj Rachchh,&nbsp;T. Ramachandran,&nbsp;A. Karthikeyan,&nbsp;Rahul Singh,&nbsp;Deepak Gupta,&nbsp;Dhirendra Nath Thatoi,&nbsp;Bhavik Jain,&nbsp;A. Johnson Santhosh","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70248","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aims to optimize the Wire-Cut Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) parameters for Inconel 800, a high-performance superalloy known for its remarkable mechanical properties and resistance to elevated temperatures. The research leverages Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to improve machining outcomes, including material removal rate, surface finish, and cost-efficiency. A structured experimental approach, following Taguchi's L₁₈ design, was used to evaluate the effects of key machining parameters such as pulse on-time, pulse off-time, peak current, and spark gap voltage. The results demonstrate that the PSO model significantly enhances machining performance by reducing surface roughness and increasing material removal rate (MRR), showcasing marked improvements in efficiency. With a mean prediction error of &lt; 1%, the PSO model proves highly accurate and reliable. Additionally, the study examines the economic aspects of WEDM by calculating the total machining costs, which include power, wire, and dielectric fluid consumption. By filling a critical research gap in the machining of Inconel 800, this work offers valuable insights into optimizing WEDM processes for superalloys. The findings highlight the potential of PSO as a powerful tool for multi-objective optimization in advanced manufacturing applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70248","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Nonlinear Dynamical Solutions to the (2 + 1)-Dimensional Variable Coefficients Equation Arise in Oceanography","authors":"Hajar F. Ismael,&nbsp;Tukur Abdulkadir Sulaiman,&nbsp;Harivan R. Nabi,&nbsp;Shams Forruque Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70240","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article examines the (2 + 1)-dimensional variable coefficient KdV-type equation that arises in oceanography. Oceanography is the science of studying the oceans. It is an earth science that addresses many different subjects, such as the dynamics of ecosystems, ocean currents, waves, and geophysical fluid dynamics. Fluid dynamics is a nonlinear science that studies the flow of liquids and gases in physics, physical chemistry, and engineering. The assistance of the Hirota bilinear method secures different forms of multiple solitons and M-lump waves, such as one-, two-, and three-soliton, by using different functions of variable coefficients. Moreover, the long-wave technique is under consideration when analyzing hybrid solutions, namely mixed soliton-lump, two-soliton-lump, and soliton-two-lump solutions. The results of this exploration exhibit the physical characteristics of solutions and collision-related aspects within the variety of nonlinear systems. The physical significance of the extracted solutions is meticulously analyzed by presenting a variety of profiles that display the behavior of the solutions for specific parameter values. Our results indicate their potential use in future endeavors to discover unique and assorted solutions for nonlinear evolution equations encountered in engineering and mathematical physics. The reported results in this study are the first of their kind to be reported in the literature. These results may be helpful in explaining the physical behavior of various nonlinear physical models.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability Analysis and Optimality for a New Extended Topp-Leone Distribution Based on Progressive Censoring With Binomial Removal","authors":"Mohammed Elgarhy,&nbsp;Gaber Sallam Salem Abdalla,&nbsp;Ehab M. Almetwally,&nbsp;Mustapha Jobarteh,&nbsp;Amaal Elsayed Mubarak","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70239","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this article, a progressive Type II censoring plan with binomial removal is utilized to overcome the estimation issues associated with the truncated Cauchy power-inverted Topp-Leone distribution (TCPITLD). Using maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimation approaches is a means of estimating the unknown parameter. Bayesian estimators are studied using the likelihood function when observed data are produced. This is done by employing the assumption of an informative prior, a gamma prior, and a symmetric loss function. Both of these assumptions are made. In addition, the discussion also includes the approximate confidence intervals obtained by using both the classical technique and the credible intervals with the most significant posterior density. A detailed simulation experiment that considers a variety of sample sizes and censoring techniques is carried out to evaluate the various estimation procedures. A single actual dataset is investigated to validate the effectiveness of the TCPITLD and the estimators provided during the process. The findings indicate that the Bayesian strategy that uses the gamma prior is preferable to both the maximum likelihood technique and the Bayesian approach that uses the informative prior to acquiring the required estimators.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70239","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Investigation of the Influence of Welding Parameters on Quality of Laser Welded 304L Stainless Steel Sheets","authors":"Nuepaul D. Kortu,&nbsp;Bruno Roberts,&nbsp;Rehema Ndeda,&nbsp;Abdel-Monem El-Batahgy","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70246","url":null,"abstract":"<p>304L Austenitic stainless steel (ASS) is preferred for various industrial applications, including gas, petroleum, petrochemicals, fertilizers, and food processing, due to its inherent corrosion resistance. Traditionally, arc welding processes have been widely used in the manufacturing of 304L austenitic stainless-steel components and structures. However, these methods are more likely to cause carbide precipitation and distortion due to their higher heat input compared to laser welding. Despite its advantages, laser welding requires precise parameters to achieve a suitable weld. In this study, a finite element (FE) model was developed to investigate the impact of laser power and welding speed on the weld quality of 304L ASS with a thickness of 3 mm. The model was validated through experimental methods by using a CO₂ laser beam to create a full penetration butt weld. The results indicated that the welding heat input is the main factor influencing the quality of welded joints. Laser power and welding speed of 4 kW and 3 m/min, respectively, improved penetration depth and reduced weld width. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing laser welding parameters to achieve the desired penetration depth, ensuring high-quality welds in industrial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70246","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sentiment Analysis-Based Model for Monitoring User Engagement With Mental Health Chatbots","authors":"Ian Igado Mmbayi,&nbsp;Consolata Gakii,&nbsp;Faith Mueni Musyoka","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70247","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mental health challenges, particularly among youth, are compounded by stigma and limited access to professional care. This has driven demand for scalable digital solutions like chatbots. This study introduces a sentiment analysis-based model to assess user satisfaction with mental health chatbots, analyzing 82 102 reviews from six popular apps on Google Play and Apple's App Stores. A multi-class sentiment classification of positive, negative, and neutral was implemented, enhanced by Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique for class balancing, comparing five traditional machine learning models with Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers, a transformer model. Random Forest achieved 98.18% accuracy among traditional models, while BERT outperformed all with 99.17% accuracy, surpassing prior benchmarks. Aspect-based analysis revealed that Emotion and Usability drive positive feedback, while Reliability issues fuel negative sentiments, offering actionable insights for developers to enhance chatbot design. This work advances digital mental health research by integrating multi-class classification, transformer models, and aspect-based analysis, demonstrating a scalable framework for evaluating user feedback.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70247","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data Survey of Seismically Isolated Buildings in the Expected Tsunami Inundation Areas in Japan","authors":"Masahito Kobayashi,&nbsp;Norifumi Hirata","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70244","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tsunamis strike frequently around the world, causing enormous damage. Examples include the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami and the 2011 earthquake off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku. Japan is one of the countries most affected by tsunamis. Detailed data about the number of buildings in the expected tsunami inundation areas in Japan—including by use and inundation depth—are therefore useful in planning buildings not only in Japan, but also in other countries where tsunami damage is expected. Among more than 5000 seismically isolated buildings (SIBs) that have been constructed in Japan, however, only a very few were designed with tsunami countermeasures. In some SIBs, tsunamis have even inundated the seismic isolation device. The relationship between the locations planned for future SIBs and the expected tsunami inundation areas is therefore very important. In this work, we have surveyed approximately 1600 SIBs based on design data provided by performance-evaluation organizations and have used the data published by each prefecture to prepare tsunami inundation maps. Our survey results show that Kanagawa and Osaka have large percentages of SIBs constructed in the expected tsunami inundation areas. In addition, the largest percentage of all the SIBs in the expected tsunami inundation areas—40%—has been built in areas where the inundation depth is expected to be 1–3 m. Even buildings like hospitals and government buildings, which must maintain their functions during disasters, have been constructed in areas where the expected inundation depth is 5–10 m.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70244","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-Depth Analysis of TiNiPdCu High-Temperature Shape Memory Alloys Synthesized Using Powder Metallurgy Technique","authors":"Abid Hussain,&nbsp;Afzal Khan,&nbsp;M. Imran Khan,&nbsp;Saif Ur Rehman,&nbsp;Fakhre Alam Khan,&nbsp;Asnaf Aziz","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70245","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The current research work investigates the effect of copper (Cu) addition on the properties of TiNiPdCu-based high-temperature shape memory alloys (HTSMAs) synthesized using powder metallurgy. Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) with various Cu compositions were prepared and compared to those fabricated using argon arc melting. Microstructural analyses revealed similar characteristics between powder metallurgy and arc melting methods. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) observations indicated the presence of second phase precipitates. X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD) analyses confirmed the presence of martensite phases and second-phase precipitates. Texture coefficients indicated changes in lattice constants with Cu addition. Transformation temperatures increased by 30% in solution treatment, 31.57% in annealing, and 33.33% in aging, while thermal hysteresis decreased by 31.3% in solution treatment, 24.56% in annealing, and 24.85% in aging. The results suggest that Cu addition influences the microstructure and transformation behavior of TiNiPdCu SMAs, making powder metallurgy a viable method for their fabrication, with potential applications in high-temperature shape memory applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70245","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Text2SQL Business Intelligence System Based on Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)","authors":"Jie Liu,&nbsp;Shiwei Chu","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70249","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Modern enterprises increasingly depend on data-driven decision-making, yet traditional SQL queries require technical expertise, limiting accessibility for nonspecialists. Advances in natural language processing, particularly deep learning generative models, have enabled text-to-SQL (text2SQL) conversion, making database interaction more intuitive. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances this by integrating retrieval and generation for greater accuracy and relevance. This article proposes a text2SQL business intelligence system based on RAG, allowing enterprise users to extract insights from complex databases using natural language queries. By streamlining data retrieval and lowering technical barriers, the system achieves state-of-the-art performance in generating SQL queries for complex tasks. It leverages the BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) model for vectorized retrieval, Generative Pretrained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) for query generation, and Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for modeling database structures. User interaction and feedback mechanisms further refine semantic understanding and query accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate the system's effectiveness. For multitable joins, query matching accuracy using BERT + GPT-4 + GNN reaches 52.3% and 55.1% with beam widths of 1 and 10, respectively. For nested queries involving multitable joins, accuracy increases to 60.2% and 61.9% under the same conditions. Additionally, the system achieves the highest user satisfaction scores, validating its practical utility. By enhancing the ability to handle complex queries and reducing data access barriers, the proposed RAG-based text2SQL system provides enterprise users with an efficient, user-friendly tool for database interaction, significantly improving decision-making processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70249","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144299954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model-Based Synchronization of Dielectric Elastomers and Membrane Pumps for Performance-Optimized, Space-Efficient, and Application-Specific Pump Design","authors":"M. Baltes,&nbsp;D. Bruch,&nbsp;P. Motzki","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70237","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work presents a new approach to designing high-performance and efficient pumps based on dielectric elastomer actuators. By considering the entire system including load from the beginning of the design process, the advantages of dielectric elastomers are specifically utilized to minimize the required space while optimizing performance within that compact volume. The process is model-based, ensuring that every aspect, from individual components to the complete system, is carefully optimized for efficiency and power. In the case of the dielectric elastomer, the modeling approach is simplified by restricting it to cases where viscoelastic effects and time-dependent deformation are not considered. This assumption is justified by the application of clearly defined electromechanical stress limits and the exclusive focus on silicone materials, where such effects are comparatively minor. This approach represents an important step in the use of dielectric elastomer actuators for real-world applications, as the pump is more powerful over a wide working range compared to the state of the art and can therefore be used in applications where conventional pumps are still commonly employed. Although the pump already achieves mechanical performance comparable to conventional systems, it still lacks custom electronics and a smart, efficiency-optimized control system to fully leverage the advantages developed in this work. Addressing this gap forms the basis for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70237","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}