Engineering reports : open access最新文献

Hard Machining of Inconel 690 Using Minimum Quantity Nanoparticle-Enriched Vegetable Oils: A Sustainable Approach 利用少量纳米颗粒富集植物油硬加工Inconel 690：一种可持续的方法

IF 2

Engineering reports : open access Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1002/eng2.70428

Jasgurpreet Singh Chohan, K. Suresh Babu, Ashutosh Pattanaik, J. Jayaprabakar, A. C. Umamaheshwer Rao, Harjot Singh Gill, Pragyan Senapati, Yashwant Singh Bisht, Lema Abate

{"title":"Hard Machining of Inconel 690 Using Minimum Quantity Nanoparticle-Enriched Vegetable Oils: A Sustainable Approach","authors":"Jasgurpreet Singh Chohan, K. Suresh Babu, Ashutosh Pattanaik, J. Jayaprabakar, A. C. Umamaheshwer Rao, Harjot Singh Gill, Pragyan Senapati, Yashwant Singh Bisht, Lema Abate","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70428","url":null,"abstract":"In response to the growing demand for sustainable manufacturing solutions, this research focuses on developing environmentally friendly lubricants designed to reduce friction at the tool–workpiece interface. The study investigates the performance of vegetable oil-based nanofluids, specifically using soybean oil as the base fluid enriched with alumina and silica nanoparticles at concentrations ranging from 0% to 1.4%. Spectroscopic characterization was employed to determine the most effective nanoparticle concentration. Subsequently, hard machining experiments on Inconel 690 were carried out under four lubrication strategies: dry cutting, compressed air, soybean oil with 0.8% alumina nanoparticles, and soybean oil with 0.8% silica nanoparticles. Among these, the alumina-based nanofluid demonstrated superior performance, achieving reductions of 43.70% in surface roughness, 22.70% in cutting force, 20.03% in temperature, and 45.65% in tool wear relative to dry machining conditions. To further optimize the process, a Taguchi experimental design comprising 27 trials was applied under the optimal lubrication condition. A genetic algorithm was then used to fine-tune machining parameters, and experimental validation revealed a strong correlation between predicted and actual outcomes, with a mean error of only 3.04%. Overall, the findings highlight the effectiveness of nanoparticle-enhanced bio-lubricants in improving machining performance, extending tool life, and supporting environmentally responsible manufacturing practices.","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70428","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145224377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing Diabetes Management With CRIBC: A Novel NER Model for Constructing A Comprehensive Chinese Medical Knowledge Graph 利用CRIBC加强糖尿病管理：构建综合中医知识图谱的新型NER模型

IF 2

Engineering reports : open access Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1002/eng2.70398

Yiqing Xu, Zalizah Awang Long, Djoko Budiyanto Setyohadi

{"title":"Enhancing Diabetes Management With CRIBC: A Novel NER Model for Constructing A Comprehensive Chinese Medical Knowledge Graph","authors":"Yiqing Xu, Zalizah Awang Long, Djoko Budiyanto Setyohadi","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70398","url":null,"abstract":"This study proposes CRIBC, a novel Named Entity Recognition (NER) model tailored for Chinese medical texts, specifically focusing on diabetes-related data. By improving entity recognition accuracy, CRIBC facilitates the construction of a comprehensive knowledge graph to enhance diabetes research and clinical decision-making. CRIBC integrates Chinese-RoBERTa-WWM-EXT, IDCNN, BiLSTM, and CRF to optimize entity extraction. The model was trained on the DiaKG dataset and validated on the CMeEE dataset. Performance was evaluated using precision, recall, and F1-score. A diabetes knowledge graph was then constructed based on the extracted entities and relationships. CRIBC achieved an F1-score of 80.88% on the DiaKG dataset and 67.91% on the CMeEE dataset, outperforming baseline models. The constructed knowledge graph contains 23,134 nodes and 42,520 edges, providing structured insights into diabetes management, aiding clinical decision-making and medical research. CRIBC significantly enhances NER accuracy in Chinese medical texts, enabling efficient knowledge graph construction for diabetes management. Future research will focus on expanding datasets and refining the model's capabilities for broader medical applications.","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70398","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Modular Dynamic Probabilistic Risk Assessment Framework for Electric Grid Cybersecurity 电网网络安全模块化动态概率风险评估框架

IF 2

Engineering reports : open access Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/eng2.70377

Xiaoxu Diao, Yunfei Zhao, Ruixuan Li, Yacine Chakhchoukh, Brian Johnson, Katya Le Blanc, Carol Smidts

{"title":"A Modular Dynamic Probabilistic Risk Assessment Framework for Electric Grid Cybersecurity","authors":"Xiaoxu Diao, Yunfei Zhao, Ruixuan Li, Yacine Chakhchoukh, Brian Johnson, Katya Le Blanc, Carol Smidts","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70377","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a modular framework designed for dynamic probabilistic risk assessment of electric grid systems facing cybersecurity threats. It details various modules, such as the protection systems module, the operator module, and the attacker module, developed to simulate the responses of different stakeholders during cybersecurity incidents. The paper outlines the requirements necessary for conducting dynamic probabilistic risk assessment under such threats, describes the design and implementation of these modules, and elaborates on the simulation algorithms used. The integration of these modules with mature power grid system simulators enables the framework to effectively replicate the spread and impact of diverse cyberattacks targeting electric grid systems. Additionally, the flexibility of the framework allows for easy reconfiguration and adaptation of module connections to examine different system topologies and configurations. The functionality and efficacy of the framework have been demonstrated using an IEEE 14-bus system in a case study.","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70377","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-Performance Tungsten Components via Low-Temperature Spray-Dried Powder and Low-Energy SLM: A Breakthrough for Refractory Metal Additive Manufacturing 低温喷雾干粉和低能量SLM制备高性能钨组件：难熔金属增材制造的突破

IF 2

Engineering reports : open access Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/eng2.70426

Yajuan Zhang, Shang Wang, Xingwei Liu, Zhe Sun, Huagang Liu, Dunhua Huang

{"title":"High-Performance Tungsten Components via Low-Temperature Spray-Dried Powder and Low-Energy SLM: A Breakthrough for Refractory Metal Additive Manufacturing","authors":"Yajuan Zhang, Shang Wang, Xingwei Liu, Zhe Sun, Huagang Liu, Dunhua Huang","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70426","url":null,"abstract":"Tungsten's ultrahigh melting point and thermal stress-induced cracking pose significant challenges for additive manufacturing. To address this, we propose a novel strategy combining low-temperature spray drying with optimized heat treatment to fabricate spherical tungsten (W) powders with high sphericity (≥ 95%), narrow particle size distribution (10–50 μm), and excellent flowability (28 s/50 g). Compared to conventional plasma-spheroidized powders, our method reduces production costs and enables selective laser melting (SLM) at remarkably low energy densities (200–600 J/mm3), far below the typical range of 500–1500 J/mm3. Mechanistic analysis reveals that the tailored powder structure suppresses thermal shrinkage cracks by lowering the critical ratio of laser energy density to scanning speed (E/v ≤ 2). At E/v = 1.7 (170 W, 300 mm/s, 0.08 mm spacing), the printed components achieve a relative density of 94.1% (vs. 96% for high-energy SLM) and microhardness of 488 kg/mm2, surpassing commercial cast tungsten (423 kg/mm2). Notably, nanoindentation tests demonstrate exceptional plasticity (indentation work: 0.204 kN·m/m2), comparable to single-crystal tungsten. This work not only establishes a low-cost pathway for refractory metal additive manufacturing but also provides a universal parameter framework (E/v threshold) to mitigate defects in high-melting-point alloys and improves the issues of element evaporation and combustion in additive manufacturing of refractory alloys.","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70426","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Guardians of the Network: An Ensemble Learning Framework With Adversarial Alignment for Evasive Cyber Threat Detection 网络守护者：用于规避网络威胁检测的具有对抗对齐的集成学习框架

IF 2

Engineering reports : open access Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/eng2.70419

Khandakar Md Shafin, G. M. Abdullah Al Kafi, Saha Reno

{"title":"Guardians of the Network: An Ensemble Learning Framework With Adversarial Alignment for Evasive Cyber Threat Detection","authors":"Khandakar Md Shafin, G. M. Abdullah Al Kafi, Saha Reno","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70419","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced cyber threats such as zero-day exploits and sophisticated evasion techniques challenge Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS). To address this, we propose a robust machine learning framework that integrates multi-source data fusion, protocol-aware preprocessing, and ensemble learning. Our study uses a comprehensive dataset of 12.7 million real-world network flows (10.1M benign, 2.6M malicious) collected from enterprise environments. Our key innovation is a weighted voting ensemble—combining Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, and a 1D-CNN—which achieves 99.8% detection accuracy while reducing false positives by 4.9% compared to individual models. The system also incorporates a lightweight adversarial aligner to counter evasion techniques (e.g., IP fragmentation, MAC spoofing), recovering up to 95% of baseline recall. Notably, under extreme class imbalance (1:99), our framework maintains 80.1% recall with only 8.2 false positives per million packets, outperforming deep learning models like LSTM and 1D-CNN while using 100 times fewer parameters. These results demonstrate the framework's practicality for efficient, high-throughput NIDS deployments in real-world settings.","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70419","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145224177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental and Numerical Assessment of Structure and Coarse Aggregate Size Effects on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete 结构和粗骨料粒径对混凝土力学性能影响的试验与数值评价

IF 2

Engineering reports : open access Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1002/eng2.70423

Tchandikou Ouadja Fare, Mohammed Matallah, Christopher Kanali

{"title":"Experimental and Numerical Assessment of Structure and Coarse Aggregate Size Effects on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete","authors":"Tchandikou Ouadja Fare, Mohammed Matallah, Christopher Kanali","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70423","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the influence of cylindrical specimen size and coarse aggregate size on the mechanical properties of concrete by testing samples of proportionally varying dimensions across three concrete grades (C25, C45, and C60) with two maximum aggregate sizes (16 and 25 mm) under static loading. Additionally, a mesoscale numerical study was conducted to assess structural size effects, aggregate size effects, and failure mechanisms. The findings confirm a significant size effect, with compressive strength reductions ranging from 51.54% to 56.42% as specimen dimensions increase. Lower-strength concrete (C25) exhibited greater susceptibility to this effect, while high-strength concrete (C60) displayed improved resistance. The modulus of elasticity also declined substantially, with reductions reaching 30.5%, particularly in mixes with larger aggregates. Poisson's ratio exhibited minor variations, slightly increasing with specimen size (0.15–0.25), indicating higher lateral deformation in larger samples. Smaller aggregates enhanced compressive strength and stiffness, improving performance by up to 10% in high-strength mixes, while their effect on Poisson's ratio was negligible. Numerical simulations at mesoscale validated these experimental trends, revealing that larger specimens exhibit more complex crack propagation and lower strength retention. Compared with previous studies that examined smaller specimens, this study extends the analysis, revealing greater strength reductions at larger scales.","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70423","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145224419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leveraging A Stacking Ensemble Model for Accurate Depression Prediction and Diagnosis Across All Ages 利用堆叠集成模型对所有年龄段的抑郁症进行准确预测和诊断

IF 2

Engineering reports : open access Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.1002/eng2.70416

Koushik Roy, Md. Easin, Saha Reno, Al Mahmud Sarker, Rahyan Shamsi

引用次数: 0

Scalable Gecko-Inspired Adhesives via Diffraction-Grated Molds: A Low-Cost, Directional PDMS System 可扩展壁虎启发粘合剂通过衍射光栅模具：低成本，定向PDMS系统

IF 2

Engineering reports : open access Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.1002/eng2.70352

Motaz Hassan, Ajay Mahajan, Xiaosheng Gao, D. Dane Quinn, Siamak Farhad

{"title":"Scalable Gecko-Inspired Adhesives via Diffraction-Grated Molds: A Low-Cost, Directional PDMS System","authors":"Motaz Hassan, Ajay Mahajan, Xiaosheng Gao, D. Dane Quinn, Siamak Farhad","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70352","url":null,"abstract":"Geckos achieve exceptional adhesion through hierarchical micro/nanoscale setae exploiting van der Waals forces, a mechanism challenging to replicate synthetically due to fabrication complexity. This study presents a cost-effective, lithography-free method for gecko-inspired adhesives by casting PDMS onto commercial diffraction-grated sheets. The resulting microstructure exhibits directional adhesion, passive detachment, and a non-adhesive default state. Shear and peel tests across 8.06–103.23 cm2 contact areas demonstrated a maximum shear stress of 19.10 kPa (supporting up to 7.105 kg) and peel forces below 1 N at 90°, confirming controlled release. Durability testing showed performance recovery after contamination and cleaning, ensuring reusability. The fabrication method eliminates cleanroom requirements, using RTV silicone, 3D-printed fixtures for rapid, scalable prototyping, and diffraction-grated molds. Current limitations include single-level microstructures and absent nanoscale features, reducing efficacy on varying surface structures. Future work will integrate resin-printed molds to introduce wedge-shaped/angled structures and microporous filters for nanoscale fidelity, aiming to develop hierarchical adhesives that rival state-of-the-art systems. These advancements target high performance while maintaining affordability and scalability for diverse applications, from robotics to industrial automation. By bridging the gap between biological inspiration and manufacturable design, this approach offers a practical pathway toward reusable, high-capacity adhesives with broad real-world utility.","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70352","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System-Based Sliding Mode Control in the Presence of External Disturbances and Parameter Variation for Quadcopter UAV 基于自适应神经模糊推理系统的四轴无人机外部扰动和参数变化滑模控制

IF 2

Engineering reports : open access Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.1002/eng2.70417

Daniel Fikadu Assefa, Elisabeth Andarge Gedefaw, Chala Merga Abdissa, Lebsework Negash Lemma

{"title":"Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System-Based Sliding Mode Control in the Presence of External Disturbances and Parameter Variation for Quadcopter UAV","authors":"Daniel Fikadu Assefa, Elisabeth Andarge Gedefaw, Chala Merga Abdissa, Lebsework Negash Lemma","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70417","url":null,"abstract":"Quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly becoming essential tools in applications such as surveillance, military operations, crop monitoring, search and rescue, and inspection of hazardous terrain. Their control is not an easy endeavor due to the underactuated and highly coupled dynamics. Among many control methodologies, sliding mode control (SMC) has long been recognized as one that is insensitive to system nonlinearities and external disturbances. Yet, the inherent chattering effect of SMC will lead to system degradation and actuator damage. To mitigate this limitation, this study proposes an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system-based sliding mode control (ANFIS-SMC) method that incorporates the strength of ANFIS and the robustness of SMC to enhance quadrotor trajectory tracking with reduced chattering effects. The control system comprises position, altitude, and attitude controllers that online learn from system errors and control signals and ensure stable and precise flight under dynamic flight conditions. The performance of the ANFIS-SMC controller developed in the current study is validated using MATLAB/SIMULINK simulations and compared with a classical SMC scheme. Results confirm that a Comparison between SMC and the proposed ANFIS-SMC controller is conducted in terms of both disturbance and parameter variation, and the proposed ANFIS-SMC controller has shown better performance improvement of 58.1%. Reduces chattering and achieves improved tracking accuracy, confirming its worthiness for robust quadrotor control tasks.","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70417","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hardware Design for Secure Telemedicine Using A Novel Framework, A New 4D Memristive Chaotic Oscillator, and Dispatched Gray Code Scrambler 基于新框架、4D记忆混沌振荡器和分遣灰色码扰器的安全远程医疗硬件设计

IF 2

Engineering reports : open access Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.1002/eng2.70383

Fritz Nguemo Kemdoum, Serge Raoul Dzonde Naoussi, Gideon Pagnol Ayemtsa Kuete, Justin Roger Mboupda Pone

{"title":"Hardware Design for Secure Telemedicine Using A Novel Framework, A New 4D Memristive Chaotic Oscillator, and Dispatched Gray Code Scrambler","authors":"Fritz Nguemo Kemdoum, Serge Raoul Dzonde Naoussi, Gideon Pagnol Ayemtsa Kuete, Justin Roger Mboupda Pone","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70383","url":null,"abstract":"This study introduces an energy-efficient FPGA-based image encryption mechanism utilizing a 4D memristive chaotic oscillator and a Dispatched Gray Code Scrambler (DGCS) within a MATLAB/Simulink FPGA-in-the-loop framework. Tailored for secure telemedicine, the system improves confusion and diffusion via structured pixel scrambling and chaos-driven key generation. Security assessments indicate substantial robustness, with global entropy of 7.9973, local entropy of 7.9040, near-zero correlation coefficients, NPCR of 99.6170%, and UACI of 33.3172%. The system records a PSNR of 29.72 dB under 1% salt-and-pepper noise, and 19.76 dB under Gaussian noise with variance 0.001, showcasing considerable resilience to both impulsive and distributed distortions. This robustness against Gaussian noise is particularly vital in telemedicine, where image integrity is essential amidst transmission challenges. The keystream successfully passes NIST SP 800-22 and TestU01 statistical evaluations. Designed on an Artix-7 FPGA, the system's power consumption stands at 105 mW, utilizing 11.38% of LUTs, 6.25% of DSPs, and 10.48% of I/Os, achieving a performance frequency of 7.24 MHz. These findings underscore its appropriateness for embedded, low-latency, and noise-resistant image safeguarding in resource-limited medical settings.","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70383","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0