Engineering reports : open access最新文献

{"title":"Study on Multiobjective Path Optimization of Plant Protection Robots Based on Improved ACO-DWA Algorithm","authors":"Jing Niu,&nbsp;Chuanyan Shen,&nbsp;Lipeng Zhang,&nbsp;Guanghao Gao,&nbsp;Jiahao Zheng","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of large-scale agricultural machinery for plant protection in nonstandard orchards of mountainous areas is very limited, while small-wheeled robots have great application prospect. To address the false judgment of visual information caused by the shading of branches and leaves and the difficulty in avoiding obstacles in complex orchard terrain, an operation trajectory optimization approach based on the improved dynamic window algorithm (DWA) with ant colony optimization (ACO) was developed. First, the orchard environment information was acquired by laser radar, and the voxel method was used to reduce the point cloud density of orchard ground. The grid method was used to segment the point clouds. Using the K-means clustering algorithm to extract navigation lines of the tree row. Second, combining with the kinematic model and the motion path constraints of robots, a series of candidate trace points were generated using the model-based prediction algorithm (SBMPO). Then, using the improved ACO-DWA algorithm, the robot access cost was integrated into the objective function of the search node, and the path planning was carried out online based on the environment grid map. Finally, in simulation and orchard validation scenes, the effects of this improved approach were checked through the simulation platform Matlab R2021 and ROS2 operating system. Simulation results on Matlab R2021 show that this improved algorithm has an average of 28%, 16% and 37% reduction in three indicators of the travel path, the number of detours, and the calculation time, respectively. In the orchard real-time experiment, compared with other excellent algorithms, the navigation distance error is reduced obviously. These experimental results show that this method would obviously improve the robot access effect in the inner area between the tree row, significantly meet the requirements of high safety and speed level of robots in these scenes. Also, it could be applied in the field such as picking and spraying robots.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Micro to Macro: A Comprehensive Study of Lean Manufacturing Tools in Tanzanian Industries","authors":"Francis D. Sinkamba,&nbsp;Juma M. Matindana,&nbsp;Mussa I. Mgwatu","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study aimed to establish the adoption status of tools and practices, drivers, and barriers for Lean Manufacturing (LM) for the Tanzanian context based on the industry size. The study adopted a survey research design. A purposeful sampling technique was deployed to collect responses from micro, small, medium, and large manufacturing industries. A total of 256 responses were received. Upon data cleaning, a total of 243 responses remained for further analysis. SPSS version 27 was used to analyze descriptive statistics such as mean and inferential statistics such as ANOVA. The results indicate the growing adoption of Lean Manufacturing across industries, from micro to large industries. The adoption of Lean Manufacturing for large industries is 75.1%, for medium industries is 66.7%, for small industries is 54%, and 50% for micro industries. The average adoption for all industries is 61.5%. The specific Lean practices vary by industry size; common practices include 5 s, visual management, and concurrent engineering with larger industries using more complex lean practices like cellular manufacturing. Moreover, the study indicates that drivers and barriers for Lean Manufacturing vary based on the size of the manufacturing industry. The study will guide those who wish to implement Lean Manufacturing in Tanzania and other countries with similar characteristics and challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Goat Horn/Ammonium Polyphosphate on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Epoxy Composites","authors":"N. Parkunam,&nbsp;P. Gopal,&nbsp;G. Navaneethakrishnan,&nbsp;R. Palanisamy,&nbsp;Beena Stanislaus Arputharaj,&nbsp;C. Ahamed Saleel,&nbsp;Qasem M. Al-Mdallal","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13120","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, the ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is mixed with epoxy to fabricate APP/epoxy goat horn composites. The composites were obtained by casting method with different weight ratios of APP of 0%, 10%, 15%, and 20% for improving the mechanical and thermal properties. This is the first paper to discuss about both mechanical and thermal properties of APP/epoxy goat horn composites. The mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile test and wear test. For the goat horn composites with a content of 20 wt% of APP, the tensile strength was 30 MPa, shows that adding APP led to composites having a better tensile strength. From limiting oxygen index test results, it is clear that goat horn composite is fire retardant, and that the fire-retardant value improves with the addition of APP up to a weight ratio of 15% APP. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) reveals that the degradation of composites in relation to temperature. From the TGA analysis, the bio composites without APP gives the better results comparing with incorporation of APP in composites up to 40% of weight loss. At the same time, the 50% of weight loss occur at the degradation temperature of around 380°C for 20 wt% of APP composites. It shows the addition of APP improves the thermal stability of the composites. The ignition time from the horizontal flammability test of the composites of 0, 10, 15, and 20 wt% APP were 20, 22, 24, and 25 (in s) respectively. It shows that the addition of filler material into the composites, the ignition time also increases. The water absorption percentage was peak at 15% of APP and lower at 10% of APP. All the samples were saturated after 80 h. The lower percentage of water absorption in composites can be attributed to the improved interfacial bonding between the fibers and matrix. From scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis the morphological structure and dispersion of ammonium polyphosphate and goat horn particles in epoxy bio composites were studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Oscillatory Control Based Fixed-Time Synchronization of Fuzzy Memristive Neural Networks","authors":"Zuhao Li,&nbsp;Abdujelil Abdurahman","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13092","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper investigates the fixed-time (FXT) synchronization issue of fuzzy memristive neural networks (MNNs) via using incomplete Beta functions from the view of improving the estimate accuracy of settling time (ST). First, the parameter mismatching issue brought by the switching characteristics of the memristor is handled through the convex analysis method. Then, a new FXT stability theorem that provides a more accurate ST estimation is derived by using incomplete Beta functions. Furthermore, based on this result, some new sufficient conditions are obtained to ensure the FXT synchronization of considered fuzzy MNNs via designing a class of control schemes by introducing a new saturation function as well as using some inequality techniques. Significantly, the introduced FXT controller can achieve synchronization aim at bounded ST and it is not affected by the system's initial values. Finally, a numerical example is provided to verify the affectivity of introduced results.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studying a Method for Applying Phase Shift Using a Three-Channel Phase Shifter at a Central Frequency of 10 GHz: Design, Simulation and Construction","authors":"Esmail Zarezadeh,&nbsp;Ali shirpay,&nbsp;Ghader mohammadi","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13097","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Feeding phased array antennas are crucial components of this type of antenna system. To change the angle of the beam in phased array antennas, the antenna arrays need to have a phase difference. A method for applying phase shifts in the power divider is presented, which can be integrated into a single antenna feed system structure. Using Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology, which has been widely used in the manufacturing of microwave devices recently, makes it possible to design and manufacture all elements such as antennas, power dividers, filters, and phase shifters on a single substrate. This approach reduces manufacturing costs, size, and weight of microwave circuits; more importantly, it eliminates the losses associated with non-coplanar connections and circuits. A three-port phase shifter is proposed, illustrating how to control the phase difference between output ports. After designing, simulating, and optimizing the relevant parameters at a frequency of 10 GHz, the phase shifter was manufactured and measured on the Rogers RO4003 substrate. The measurement results matched well with the simulation results, and all findings are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Localization Detection of False Data Injection Attacks in Novel Energy and Power Systems Based on Correlated Feature-Multi-Label Cascading Boosted Forests","authors":"Lei Wang,&nbsp;Tong Li,&nbsp;Hongbi Geng,&nbsp;Yang Liu,&nbsp;Jian Chen,&nbsp;Hongwei Zhao","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13119","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Under the dual influence of power system transition to integrated energy and the evolution of cyberattack technology, a correlation feature-multilabel cascade boosted forest based false data injection attack localization and detection method is proposed for the new energy power system to accurately locate the attacked position of the power grid in response to the stealthy false data injection attack (FDIA). Considering the FDIA principle and characteristics of the new energy power system, as well as the fact that the new energy power system contains a large amount of measurement data and variable operation states, the proposed method enhances the fitting ability of multi-label cascade forests to complex power measurement data by incorporating the extreme gradient boosting algorithm to identify the anomalies of state quantities of each node of the system, and introduces the “correlation feature” algorithm to detect the original power measurement data. The “correlation feature” algorithm is introduced to extract highly informative features from the original power measurement data to enhance the generalization ability of the multi-label cascade forest, so as to obtain more accurate localization detection. Simulation tests are conducted in the IEEE-57 node system to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, and compared with other methods, the proposed method has better accuracy, detection rate, sensitivity, and <i>F</i>1 score.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern Approaches to Protein Constructions: A Comprehensive Review of Computational Tools and Databases for De Novo Protein Design and Engineering","authors":"Md. Mojnu Mia,&nbsp;Habiba Sultana,&nbsp;Md. Al Amin,&nbsp;Md. Sakhawat Hossain,&nbsp;Hasan Imam,&nbsp;A. K. M. Mohiuddin,&nbsp;Shahin Mahmud","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13112","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The field of protein engineering has witnessed transformative advancements, with computational tools and databases driving novel innovations in de novo protein design. This review consolidates and critiques a comprehensive range of modern computational resources, offering a unique focus on their applications across diverse domains, including protein stability prediction, posttranslational modification analysis, and mutation effect evaluation. Key contributions include a detailed examination of tools integrating machine learning and artificial intelligence to enhance predictive accuracy and streamline protein engineering workflows. By highlighting underexplored tools and novel methodologies, such as advanced protein–ligand interaction predictors and neural network–based stability assessment models, this study establishes itself as a unique reference for researchers aiming to develop tailored proteins for therapeutic, industrial, and biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Design Parameters on the Operational Energy Carbon Emissions of a Commercial Building in Pakistan","authors":"Fakhre Alam Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Aashan,&nbsp;Muhammad Azhar,&nbsp;Farooq Ahmad,&nbsp;Muhammad Saad,&nbsp;Zahid Ullah","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Buildings are responsible for 37% of CO₂ emissions and 36% of energy use worldwide, making them significant contributors to both energy use and carbon emissions, due to which building energy efficiency is currently a top priority for regional, national, and global energy policy. This study evaluates building design features, such as window wall ratio (WWR), orientation, and shading coefficient (SC) for its single-, low-E double-, and low-E triple-glazed windows. The building analyzed in this study is a hypothetical commercial building located in Lahore, Pakistan (ASHRAE zone 1B). The results show that compared to unglazed windows with a SC of 0.2 and 0.3, peak cooling total load (PCTL) and CO₂ emissions are reduced by 17.84% and 17%, respectively, for single-glazed windows. Similarly, low-E double-glazed windows reduce 21.3% and 20.9% in PCTL and CO₂ emissions, while low-E triple-glazed windows result in reductions of 21.8% and 21.1%, respectively. Reducing the WWR from 15.14% to 4.94% results in a 5.35% reduction in PCTL and CO₂ emissions. Moreover, Using the optimized orientation of the building (180° clockwise from north) further decreases PCTL and CO₂ emissions by 8.63%. This analysis concludes that significant energy and environmental gains can be achieved by higher-quality windows, utilizing optimized orientation, and reducing the WWR. In addition to ensuring long-term cost savings, this strategic approach promotes a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future for future generations.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of Hydrogen Production Using an Integrated Evacuated Tube Solar Collector and PEM Electrolyzer With Al2O3 and SiO2 Hybrid Nanofluids","authors":"T. Sathish,&nbsp;R. Saravanan,&nbsp;S. Jothi Arunachalam,&nbsp;Jayant Giri,&nbsp;Moaz Al-lehaibi,&nbsp;J. Isaac JoshuaRamesh Lalvani","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13103","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The motivation for this study stems from the global demand for clean energy solutions and the limitations of conventional fluids in hydrogen production systems. By exploring hybrid nanofluids, this research aims to enhance efficiency and sustainability in solar-thermal energy applications. An evacuated tube solar collector (ETSC) with a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzer efficiently harnesses solar energy for hydrogen production. The ETSC's vacuum design minimizes heat loss, providing consistent thermal performance. This system enables clean hydrogen generation, reducing emissions. This study investigated the integration of an ETSC with a PEM electrolyzer and organic Rankine cycle (ORC) for efficient hydrogen production. Water as the working fluid in the ETSC circuit resulted in lower hydrogen production rates, prompting the introduction of Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ hybrid nanoparticles at a 50:50 ratio to form an enhanced hybrid nanofluid. The resulting various volume concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%) of the hybrid nanofluid were tested, yielding energy gains of 13.22%, 21.37%, 30.38%, and 48.52%, respectively, compared to water. The ORC efficiency enhanced by 12.29% at 0.5 vol.%, 23.10% at 1 vol.%, 34.15% at 1.5 vol.%, and 48.40% at 2 vol.%. The PEM electrolyzer produced a maximum hydrogen yield of 3105.6 g, with an overall system efficiency of 71.3% and hydrogen production of 2156.7 g at 2 vol.%, demonstrating the significant performance enhancements achieved with hybrid nanofluids. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of hybrid nanofluids in enhancing system efficiency and hydrogen output, underscoring their importance in promoting sustainable hydrogen production technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assembly Accuracy Analysis Method Based on Multi-Stage Linearized Contact","authors":"Wenbin Tang,&nbsp;Yadong Li,&nbsp;Tong Yan,&nbsp;Min Zhang","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13118","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Precision improvement in mechanical manufacturing faces challenges due to nonlinear effects impacting assembly accuracy analysis models. An assembly accuracy analysis method based on multi-stage linearized contact is proposed to address this issue. A model of part surface asperities considering morphological errors is established using the linear superposition of discrete cosine transform (DCT) kernel functions and the assembly interface is simplified. By employing homogeneous coordinate transformation (HCT), the prediction of the part's pose during the assembly process with the rigid body assumption is achieved. The elastic contact process is divided into multiple stages according to the order of the asperity participating in the contact and further subdivided into several linear processes by adding nodes at each stage. The relationship between the assembly load and the deformation amount is established based on the related theories of contact mechanics and the geometric relationship between the assembly interfaces, thus enabling the prediction of the part's pose during the assembly process. Taking a multi-way hydraulic valve as an object, by comparing the accuracy of pose prediction of the algorithm before and after adding nodes, it is proved that the proposed method can significantly improve the precision of assembly accuracy analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}