Engineering reports : open access最新文献

{"title":"Formalization of Hybrid Systems Models for Port Terminal Management With Considering of Key Performance Indicators","authors":"Liudmyla L. Nikolaieva,&nbsp;Taras Y. Omelchenko,&nbsp;Oleksandr V. Haichenia","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>New way of formalizing hybrid systems in models for managing the process of vessel unloading is caused by the significant increase in container transportation around the world over the past decade. The growth of container traffic is the main reason for the constant modernization of port container terminals and the improvement of cargo unloading technology is most promising when using those methods, that allow obtaining maximum results in terms of cargo processing speed. This problem is the subject of an article in which an analytical review of container handling technologies existing in world ports is carried out, their key performance indicators are formulated and it is shown how the use of a centralized hybrid control system based on the dynamics of discrete events can lead to increased profitability of the port. Developed concept of a hybrid control system makes possible to consider such features of the vessels unload process that have not been considered until now.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on the Evaluation Method for the Operating Status of Overhead Transmission Lines Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)","authors":"Qingbin Wang,&nbsp;Liang Wang,&nbsp;Rui Tian,&nbsp;Shuangpeng Cao,&nbsp;Shuai Zuo,&nbsp;Di Che,&nbsp;Lantao Jing","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13126","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To address the challenge of dynamically assessing overhead transmission lines under varying meteorological conditions through manual inspections and drone monitoring, this study proposes an evaluation method for the operating status of overhead transmission lines based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A mathematical model based on AHP is first established to perform weighted processing of five meteorological factors, generating a comprehensive meteorological dataset. A simulation model for the LGJ-300/70 type conductor is then developed under the temperature field, where temperature distribution during operation is determined based on different meteorological data. Stress variations are observed, and evaluation criteria are established by calculating displacement deviations in the two-dimensional transmission line model. The transmission line is considered to be in a normal operating state when the maximum displacement deviation is ≤ ±0.63 mm. This demonstrates that the AHP-based evaluation method can effectively enable dynamic assessment of the operating status of overhead transmission lines.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of the Strength, Durability, and Microstructure Properties of Concrete Incorporating Glass Powder","authors":"Oualid Semmana,&nbsp;Mohammed Ali M. Rihan,&nbsp;Zakaria M. Barrie,&nbsp;Chukwuemeka Daniel,&nbsp;Tareg Abdalla Abdalla","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials worldwide; its primary component, cement, contributes substantially to natural resource depletion and greenhouse gas emissions. Alternative materials are being explored to mitigate these impacts and reduce concrete's environmental footprint. This review focuses on the potential of waste glass powder (GP) as a partial substitute for cement in concrete, examining its influence on mechanical properties, durability, and microstructural performance. Drawing from a wide range of studies published in reputable peer-reviewed journals (e.g., Wiley, ACI, MDPI, Elsevier), the analysis reveals that an optimal GP substitution level of 10%–20%, offers significant improvements in concrete durability, particularly in resistance to chloride permeability, sulfuric acid attack, and performance under high temperatures. GP contributes through its micro-filling ability, which reduces porosity and pozzolanic reaction, forming a secondary calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel that enhances binding strength. However, substituting GP above 25%–30% may reduce compressive strength due to decreased flowability and increased porosity. Overall, GP demonstrates considerable potential as an eco-friendly, cost-effective additive that improves concrete resilience and supports sustainable construction practices. This review not only consolidates existing research but also highlights GP's dual effects on concrete's microstructure and pozzolanic reactions, suggesting further optimization of GP content and synergies with other materials to enhance resilience across diverse applications. Therefore, future research should optimize GP content and investigate synergies with other materials for broader concrete applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blockchain-Enabled Car Sharing: Enhancing Reliability and Vehicle History Management","authors":"Chen Ben Tolila,&nbsp;Yarden Hovav,&nbsp;Kiril Danilchenko,&nbsp;Hadassa Daltrophe","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13125","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rising expenses associated with car ownership have driven individuals to seek more affordable alternatives, such as car rentals. However, conventional car rental services often come with high costs due to leasing companies' overhead expenses. Consequently, car sharing has emerged as a popular and cost-effective solution that reduces expenses and promotes eco-friendliness by reducing the number of vehicles on the roads. Nonetheless, centralization and reliability remain persistent challenges in car-sharing implementation. To address these issues, we propose a decentralized crowd car sharing and renting platform called CROWDCARLINK, leveraging blockchain technology's power. This innovative platform enables individuals and leasing companies to rent vehicles while securely recording each car's maintenance and lease history on the blockchain. Within CROWDCARLINK, garages are pivotal contributors, adding vehicle information in a reliable and immutable manner. By utilizing blockchain technology, our platform ensures transparency and fosters trust, effectively overcoming the limitations imposed by centralization. Our architectural design incorporates smart contracts, which help streamline processes and facilitate seamless transactions within the platform. To demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, we have developed a prototype utilizing a private Ethereum blockchain with Proof of Authority (PoA) consensus. We believe that the architectural design and the practical solution presented here will play an integral role in shaping the future of smart transportation. Our platform aims to benefit individuals and the environment by offering a cost-effective and efficient solution, paving the way for a more sustainable and advanced transportation ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composition, Non-Commutativity, and Vector Decompositions of Finite Rotations","authors":"François Dubeau","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13107","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The need to use rotations occurs very often in different domains. We present a basic extensive treatment of rotations in 3D. The results are presented and derived in a coordinate-free setting, where no frames are required and no components of any matrix are manipulated. We start with the direct problem of establishing the finite rotation formula. Then we consider the composition and the vector decomposition of finite rotations. We conclude the paper by considering the inverse problem namely finding the axis of rotation and the angle of rotation from its effect on vectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Heat Treatment on Performance of 2205 Base Equipment and Pipes","authors":"Yajun Li,&nbsp;Nan Liu,&nbsp;Li Tian,&nbsp;Xuemei Lu,&nbsp;Yanjiao Li","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13108","url":null,"abstract":"<p>2205 dual-phase stainless steel is widely used in petrochemical equipment. This paper simulates welding, post-weld heat treatment, and operation conditions of 2205 steel. Microstructure evolution and properties were analyzed via metallography, impact testing, SEM, EDS, and electrochemical methods. Results showed microstructure degradation after 580°C heat treatment, with precipitate formation causing toughness loss. Precipitate diameter was ˜38 nm. Critical corrosion temperature and pitting resistance decreased with increasing heat treatment temperature. It is suggested that 2205 dual-phase stainless steel should avoid post-welding heat treatment during the fabricating process. For 2205 dual-phase stainless steel equipment or parts that must or have completed post-welding heat treatment, the risk assessment should be carried out based on the service temperature, etc. If necessary, solution treatment should be carried out to maximize the recovery of material properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Wound Classification: Exploring Image Enhancement and Deep Learning Techniques","authors":"Prince Odame,&nbsp;Maxwell Mawube Ahiamadzor,&nbsp;Nana Kwaku Baah Derkyi,&nbsp;Kofi Agyekum Boateng,&nbsp;Kelvin Sarfo-Acheampong,&nbsp;Eric Tutu Tchao,&nbsp;Andrew Selasi Agbemenu,&nbsp;Henry Nunoo-Mensah,&nbsp;Dorothy Araba Yakoba Agyapong,&nbsp;Jerry John Kponyo","doi":"10.1002/eng2.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wounds contribute to 30%–42% of hospital visits and 9% of deaths but remain underreported in Africa. Diseases and surgeries increase wound prevalence, especially in rural areas where 27%–82% of people live, and health facilities are poor or non-existent. This research aims to design a disease-related wound classification model for online diagnosis and telemedicine support for traditional health practitioners and village health workers. This paper focuses on wounds from diabetic ulcers, pressure ulcers, surgery, and venous ulcers. The approaches used included Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) with machine and deep learning models, Discrete Wavelet Transformations (DWT) with a novel Gated Wavelet Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, and FixCaps, an improved version of Capsule Networks utilizing Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) to reduce spatial information loss. The performance metrics showed similar results for the first two approaches, but FixCaps was the most proficient, with accuracy, precision, recall, and <i>F</i>-score of 93.83%, 95.41%, 88.63%, and 90.93% respectively. FixCaps had trainable parameters of about 8.28 MB compared with the 195.64 MB of the Gated Wavelet CNN Model.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a Solar-Wind Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Power Quality Enhancement: A Case Study of 2.5 MW Real Time Domestic Grid","authors":"F. Max Savio,&nbsp;S. Vinson Joshua,&nbsp;K. Usha,&nbsp;Muhammad Faheem,&nbsp;Raju Kannadasan,&nbsp;Arfat Ahmad Khan","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13101","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing global energy demand driven by climate change, technological advancements, and population growth necessitates the development of sustainable solutions. This research investigates the design, modeling, and simulation of a 2.5 MW solar-wind hybrid renewable energy system (SWH-RES) optimized for domestic grid applications. A survey conducted across 450 households identified a total energy demand of 2.3 MW, with distinct day and night usage profiles. In response, a hybrid system consisting of a 1.5 MW solar park and a 1 MW wind energy unit was designed to ensure continuous power supply. The system was modeled and simulated using MATLAB, and its performance was evaluated through a detailed Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) analysis. This research addresses the critical need for a sustainable and high-quality power supply by designing, modeling, and simulating a 2.5 MW solar-wind hybrid renewable energy system (SWH-RES) optimized to meet the energy demand of a surveyed 2.3 MW domestic load, while also reducing THD to acceptable levels for improved power quality and grid stability. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in THD, with voltage THD decreasing from 45.48% to 26.20% and current THD from 8.32% to 2.88% after implementing filtering components. These findings underscore the effectiveness of the proposed SWH-RES in providing stable, high-quality power while addressing the growing demand for sustainable energy solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting Smart Manufacturing in the Space Industry: A Case Study","authors":"Ala Arman,&nbsp;Andrea Lombardo,&nbsp;Flavia Monti,&nbsp;Massimo Mecella","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13089","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the era of Industry 4.0, the New Space Economy, often called Space 4.0, has taken center stage in the satellite industry. The advent of mega-constellations, which entails mass satellite production, necessitates state-of-the-art manufacturing methods. Leveraging Industry 4.0 technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data analytics show great potential for improving the manufacturing, assembly, integration, and testing (MAIT) cycle. This paper focuses on how Industry 4.0 principles enhance data analysis and automation in space manufacturing, illustrated through a case study at an aerospace company, with a focus on the composite sandwich panel manufacturing line. We introduce two key contributions. First, an interactive dashboard is proposed to enhance data analytics capabilities, offering real-time access to insights and key performance indicators (KPIs) for operators and data analysts, and enabling the exploration of customized metrics. This facilitates comprehensive analysis of the entire MAIT process, supporting trend detection, anomaly identification, and areas for improvement to facilitate data-driven decision-making. Second, we present two strategies to tackle the challenges posed by the constrained number of attempts to insert installations on sandwich panels. These strategies are founded on a proposed data analytics approach rooted in Markov chain principles. This approach aids operators in making informed decisions on whether to proceed with additional attempts or discard the insert. By calculating the probability of successful insertions in future attempts, our approach can suitably enhance resource usage and production timelines. The proposed approach is evaluated through stress testing, where three processes insert 212,000 sensor records into Kafka queues at varying throughputs, monitored via Metricbeat for system resource usage. Results show low CPU usage (below 20%), consistent network throughput, and stable average data insertion times after initial peaks, demonstrating the architecture's scalability and efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Carbon Optimal Scheduling of Integrated Energy System Based on the Master–Slave Game","authors":"Songda Li,&nbsp;Xinmei Wang,&nbsp;Xuying Tan,&nbsp;Lei Li,&nbsp;Yi Zhao,&nbsp;Ming Yu","doi":"10.1002/eng2.13104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.13104","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the integration of distributed power generation into the grid, the economic incentive trading market mechanism becomes an effective method to promote carbon emission reduction in microgrids. In this paper, the carbon flow of the integrated energy system is calculated, the carbon emission model and the carbon flow tracing model of the integrated energy system are established, and the optimization model aiming at low-carbon operation of the integrated energy system is constructed based on the master–slave game model. For the user side of the energy system, the dynamic carbon price and electricity price established by the model play a good role in peaking and valley filling for the load part, improving the operation stability of the power system, realizing the optimal scheduling of the power grid system under the background of electric-carbon coupling trading, and encouraging each microgrid entity to participate in the electric-carbon coupling trading actively. The calculation results show that electric-carbon coupling trading facilitates the flexible operation of power grid systems and improves economic benefits. When combined with carbon emission flow in operation, it can promote the low-carbon and clean power system, encourage distributed renewable resources to connect to the power grid, reduce the carbon content of the power system, enable users to actively participate in low-carbon demand response, and promote the effective carbon emission reduction of a multi-microgrid system.</p>","PeriodicalId":72922,"journal":{"name":"Engineering reports : open access","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eng2.13104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}