eGastroenterology最新文献_第5页

Pioneering use of genetic analysis forCDH1to identify candidates for prophylactic total gastrectomy to prevent hereditary diffuse gastric cancer 率先使用 CDH1 基因分析确定预防性全胃切除术的候选者，以预防遗传性弥漫性胃癌的发生

eGastroenterology Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-100017

F. Mokhtari-Esbuie, Bryan C Szeglin, Mohsen Rouhani Ravari, Mark Duncan, John W Harmon

引用次数: 0

Application of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. 人工智能在肝癌诊断中的应用。

eGastroenterology Pub Date : 2023-11-30 eCollection Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-100002

Benjamin Koh, Pojsakorn Danpanichkul, Meng Wang, Darren Jun Hao Tan, Cheng Han Ng

{"title":"Application of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Benjamin Koh, Pojsakorn Danpanichkul, Meng Wang, Darren Jun Hao Tan, Cheng Han Ng","doi":"10.1136/egastro-2023-100002","DOIUrl":"10.1136/egastro-2023-100002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. This review explores the recent progress in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiological diagnosis of HCC. The Barcelona Classification of Liver Cancer criteria guides treatment decisions based on tumour characteristics and liver function indicators, but HCC often remains undetected until intermediate or advanced stages, limiting treatment options and patient outcomes. Timely and accurate diagnostic methods are crucial for enabling curative therapies and improving patient outcomes. AI, particularly deep learning and neural network models, has shown promise in the radiological detection of HCC. AI offers several advantages in HCC diagnosis, including reducing diagnostic variability, optimising data analysis and reallocating healthcare resources. By providing objective and consistent analysis of imaging data, AI can overcome the limitations of human interpretation and enhance the accuracy of HCC diagnosis. Furthermore, AI systems can assist healthcare professionals in managing the increasing workload by serving as a reliable diagnostic tool. Integration of AI with information systems enables comprehensive analysis of patient data, facilitating more informed and reliable diagnoses. The advancements in AI-based radiological diagnosis hold significant potential to improve early detection, treatment selection and patient outcomes in HCC. Further research and clinical implementation of AI models in routine practice are necessary to harness the full potential of this technology in HCC management.</p>","PeriodicalId":72879,"journal":{"name":"eGastroenterology","volume":"1 2","pages":"e100002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New horizons of human genetics in digestive diseases 人类遗传学在消化系统疾病中的新视野

eGastroenterology Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-100029

Lanlan Chen, Guoyue Lv

{"title":"New horizons of human genetics in digestive diseases","authors":"Lanlan Chen, Guoyue Lv","doi":"10.1136/egastro-2023-100029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/egastro-2023-100029","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies have decoded the human Y chromosome sequencing with predominant precision and coverage, offering promising prospects in human genetics and clinical translation. Such an achievement is facilitated by third-generation sequencing technologies including Oxford Nanopore Technology and Pacific Biosciences, which can overcome the limitations of next-generation sequencing. In the context of digestive diseases, these advancements hold significant potential as they can help address the ‘missing heritability’ problem and detect various genomic variants in genetic association analyses, beyond single nucleotide polymorphisms, hoping to reveal ‘major’ genes for complex diseases. Besides, the completion of the Y chromosome enables research into sex-specific genetic effects on diseases and this knowledge can lead to sex-specific therapeutic targets and a better understanding of molecular mechanisms behind gender disparities. In summary, the recent decoding of the Y chromosome, coupled with third-generation sequencing, offers new opportunities to address heritability gaps, discover major disease genes and investigate sex-specific effects in digestive diseases, providing valuable insights for clinicians in delivering precise healthcare services.","PeriodicalId":72879,"journal":{"name":"eGastroenterology","volume":"14 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135565753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in the diagnosis and management of hepatorenal syndrome: insights into HRS-AKI and liver transplantation 肝肾综合征诊治进展：HRS-AKI 和肝移植的启示

eGastroenterology Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-100009

Jorge Arnold, Eduardo Avila, Francisco Idalsoaga, Luis Antonio Diaz, M. Ayala Valverde, Gustavo Ayares, Marco Arrese, Eric Roessler, Juan Pablo Huidobro, David Hudson, Mohammad Qasim Khan, J. Arab

{"title":"Advances in the diagnosis and management of hepatorenal syndrome: insights into HRS-AKI and liver transplantation","authors":"Jorge Arnold, Eduardo Avila, Francisco Idalsoaga, Luis Antonio Diaz, M. Ayala Valverde, Gustavo Ayares, Marco Arrese, Eric Roessler, Juan Pablo Huidobro, David Hudson, Mohammad Qasim Khan, J. Arab","doi":"10.1136/egastro-2023-100009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/egastro-2023-100009","url":null,"abstract":"In hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury (HRS-AKI), accurate and early diagnosis is crucial. HRS is a severe condition seen in advanced cirrhosis, requiring prompt recognition and proper management to enhance patient outcomes. Diagnosis of HRS-AKI relies on serum creatinine elevations, similar to other AKI cases in cirrhosis. However, distinguishing HRS-AKI from other renal impairments in these patients can be challenging. Biomarkers and clinical criteria aid in diagnosis and guide treatment. The management of HRS-AKI initially involves improving the haemodynamic profile using albumin and vasoconstrictors like terlipressin, a synthetic vasopressin analogue. Despite some reports linking terlipressin to increased adverse events compared with norepinephrine, it remains the preferred choice in HRS-AKI and acute-on-chronic liver failure due to its faster, stronger response and improved survival. Additional therapies like midodrine (alpha-1 adrenergic agonist), octreotide (somatostatin analogue) and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt are proposed as adjuvant treatments for HRS-AKI, aiming to improve vasoconstriction and renal blood flow. However, these adjunctive therapies cannot replace the definitive treatment for HRS-AKI—liver transplantation (LT). In cases unresponsive to medical management, LT is the only option to restore liver function and improve renal outcomes. Current evidence favours combined liver and kidney transplantation (CLKT) in certain situations. This review aims to evaluate the present evidence and recommendations on AKI in patients with cirrhosis, the pathophysiology of HRS-AKI, different treatments and indications for LT and CLKT. Understanding the complexities of managing HRS-AKI is crucial for optimising patient care and achieving better outcomes in this challenging clinical setting.","PeriodicalId":72879,"journal":{"name":"eGastroenterology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139294649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aetiology, diagnosis and management for ischaemic cholecystitis: current perspectives 缺血性胆囊炎的病因、诊断和治疗：当前视角

eGastroenterology Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-100004

Juan Gerardo Favela, Madison B. Argo, Sergio Huerta

引用次数: 0

First release of Mendelian randomisation book in Chinese 孟德尔随机化中文书首次出版

eGastroenterology Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-100043

Lanlan Chen, Stephen Burgess, Shan Luo, Guoyue Lv

引用次数: 0

Horizon scanning: new and future therapies in the management of inflammatory bowel disease 水平扫描:炎症性肠病管理的新疗法和未来疗法

eGastroenterology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-100012

Aditi Kumar, Philip J Smith

{"title":"Horizon scanning: new and future therapies in the management of inflammatory bowel disease","authors":"Aditi Kumar, Philip J Smith","doi":"10.1136/egastro-2023-100012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/egastro-2023-100012","url":null,"abstract":"The current mainstay treatment modalities for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) include immunomodulators (methotrexate and thiopurines), biologics (antitumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) being the most commonly used) and other monoclonal antibodies such as the anti-integrins and anti-interleukins (IL-12/23). While ideally treatment should be initiated early in the disease process to avoid relapses and complications, the major recurring issue continues to be primary and secondary loss of response, with often ‘diminishing returns’ in terms of efficacy for the next line of therapies prescribed for patients with IBD. Additional concerns include the long-term risk factors such as malignancy and susceptibility to infections. Recently, there has been an influx of new and emerging medications entering the market that are showing promising efficacy results in patients with moderate-to-severe disease who have previously failed to respond to multiple drugs. This review will focus on these novel and emerging therapies—in essence, ‘horizon scanning’—which includes the antiadhesion agents, cytokine inhibitors, Janus kinase inhibitors, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor modulators and MicroRNA-124 (miR-124) upregulators.","PeriodicalId":72879,"journal":{"name":"eGastroenterology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136094236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revolutionary transformation lowering the mortality of pancreaticoduodenectomy: a historical review 革命性的转变降低了胰十二指肠切除术的死亡率:一个历史回顾

eGastroenterology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-100014

Bo Chang Wu, Jakub Wlodarczyk, Sanaz Nourmohammadi Abadchi, Niloufar Shababi, John L Cameron, John W Harmon

引用次数: 0

Opportunities and challenges for hepatitis B cure 乙型肝炎治疗的机遇与挑战

eGastroenterology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-100021

Armando Andres Roca Suarez, Fabien Zoulim

引用次数: 0

Time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one indivisible global health emergency 是时候将气候和自然危机视为一个不可分割的全球卫生紧急事件

eGastroenterology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-100041

Chris Zielinski

引用次数: 0