eGastroenterology最新文献_第4页

A star is born:eGastroenterology 一个明星诞生了:胃肠病学

eGastroenterology Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-000001

B. Ericzon, Guoyue Lv, J. Harmon

引用次数: 0

Spatial dimension of macrophage heterogeneity in liver diseases 肝脏疾病中巨噬细胞异质性的空间维度

eGastroenterology Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-000003

A. Guillot, F. Tacke

{"title":"Spatial dimension of macrophage heterogeneity in liver diseases","authors":"A. Guillot, F. Tacke","doi":"10.1136/egastro-2023-000003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/egastro-2023-000003","url":null,"abstract":"The structural and cellular organisation of the liver has unique features that define it as both a metabolic and an immunological organ. Noteworthy, liver resident macrophages, named Kupffer cells, represent the most frequent tissue resident macrophage population in the human body. Nonetheless, on acute or chronic tissue injury, Kupffer cells seem rather static and may undergo cell death, while the liver is massively infiltrated by circulating immune cells such as bone marrow-derived macrophages, also termed monocyte-derived macrophages, which drastically alter the hepatic immune landscape. Over the last decade, our knowledge on liver macrophage populations during homeostasis and liver diseases has greatly expanded. This particularly holds true in light of the recent fast-paced technological advances that brought novel dimensions to our knowledge, either in single-cell suspensions, in a two-dimensional plane or a three-dimensional space, or even in time-lapse (intravital) microscopy. This novel understanding goes from unravelling a previously underestimated macrophage diversity (eg, in terms of activation phenotype or cellular origins) to identifying spatially or temporally restricted responses that drive liver disease outcome. This review aims at providing insights into the most recent breakthroughs in our understanding of liver macrophage biology and its roles in liver (patho)physiology, in a four-dimensional perspective.","PeriodicalId":72879,"journal":{"name":"eGastroenterology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75542559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Alcohol-associated bowel disease: new insights into pathogenesis. 酒精相关肠道疾病:发病机制的新见解

eGastroenterology Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-100013

Luca Maccioni, Yaojie Fu, Yves Horsmans, Isabelle Leclercq, Peter Stärkel, George Kunos, Bin Gao

{"title":"Alcohol-associated bowel disease: new insights into pathogenesis.","authors":"Luca Maccioni, Yaojie Fu, Yves Horsmans, Isabelle Leclercq, Peter Stärkel, George Kunos, Bin Gao","doi":"10.1136/egastro-2023-100013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/egastro-2023-100013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Excessive alcohol drinking can cause pathological changes including carcinogenesis in the digestive tract from mouth to large intestine, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this review, we discuss the effects of alcohol on small and large intestinal functions, such as leaky gut, dysbiosis and alterations of intestinal epithelium and gut immune dysfunctions, commonly referred to as alcohol-associated bowel disease (ABD). To date, detailed mechanistic insights into ABD are lacking. Accumulating evidence suggests a pathogenic role of ethanol metabolism in dysfunctions of the intestinal tract. Ethanol metabolism generates acetaldehyde and acetate, which could potentially promote functional disruptions of microbial and host components of the intestinal barrier along the gastrointestinal tract. The potential involvement of acetaldehyde and acetate in the pathogenesis of the underlying ABD, including cancer, is discussed. We also highlight some gaps in knowledge existing in the field of ABD. Finally, we discuss future directions in exploring the role of acetaldehyde and acetate generated during chronic alcohol intake in various pathologies affecting different sites of the intestinal tract.</p>","PeriodicalId":72879,"journal":{"name":"eGastroenterology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b8/75/nihms-1926697.PMC10472976.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10207685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Taking science to cholera in Bangladesh: the personal odyssey of Dr William B Greenough III and his colleagues 把科学带到孟加拉国的霍乱:威廉·B·格里诺三世博士和他的同事们的个人冒险

eGastroenterology Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1136/egastro-2023-000002

William B Greenough III, Niloufar Shababi, Sanaz Nourmohammadi Abadchi

引用次数: 0