Drug and alcohol dependence reports最新文献

{"title":"Multilevel determinants of medication preferences for opioid use disorder among criminal-legal-involved populations: Insights from a scoping review","authors":"Amelia Bailey ,&nbsp;Jaclyn M.W. Hughto ,&nbsp;Claudia Stagoff-Belfort ,&nbsp;Shira I. Dunsiger ,&nbsp;Rosemarie A. Martin","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) hold varying perceptions of the three medications to treat OUD (MOUD). Data on these perceptions among those with criminal-legal involvement is limited. To optimize MOUD service delivery, especially in criminal-legal settings, it is essential to explore the preferences and attitudes of those with legal involvement.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a scoping review of literature published via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycInfo, and SocINDEX (January 1, 2014-September 17, 2024). Three-stage screening process was employed by two reviewers: title/abstract (n = 2085 articles), full-text (n = 88), and data extraction of 44 articles included in the final sample. Content analysis was used to understand preferences/attitudes toward MOUD and related influential factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Factors that influenced MOUD preferences/attitudes were clustered in positive (n = 39 articles; i.e., like), negative (n = 38; i.e., dislike), or mixed (n = 20; both positive and negative) valences. Methadone was the most referenced (n = 30), with more articles noting negative attitudes than positive. Fewer studies focused on oral buprenorphine (n = 18), with balanced positive and negative views. Seven articles on injectable MOUD highlighted mostly positive attitudes. Factors shaping preferences/attitudes spanned from individual to structural levels. Common factors associated with negative preferences included MOUD program rules, side or adverse effects, and drug-free ideology. Positive preferences were often engendered by flexible MOUD delivery and beliefs about MOUD. Influential factors differed by MOUD type.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Preferences/attitudes toward MOUD among criminal-legal-involved populations are shaped by intersecting multilevel determinants and differ by MOUD type. Identified factors might serve as intervention targets to better meet individuals’ needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preferences for harm reduction vending machine design among rural people who use drugs","authors":"April M. Young ,&nbsp;Tasfia Jahangir ,&nbsp;Susan Westneat ,&nbsp;Chelsi Cheatom ,&nbsp;Amanda Fallin-Bennett ,&nbsp;Laura C. Fanucchi ,&nbsp;Patricia R. Freeman ,&nbsp;Jennifer R. Havens ,&nbsp;Hannah K. Knudsen ,&nbsp;Kathryn E. McCollister ,&nbsp;Susannah Stitzer ,&nbsp;Jack Stone ,&nbsp;Peter Vickerman ,&nbsp;Melvin D. Livingston","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Globally, harm reduction vending machines (HRVMs) have been used for decades to dispense safe injection equipment and other supplies to people who use drugs (PWUD). However, HRVMs have only recently scaled up in the U.S. and few operate in rural settings. This study describes preferences for HRVM design among rural PWUD in two Appalachian Kentucky communities. Peer-referral and outreach were used to recruit participants (n = 731). Eligibility criteria were ≥ 18 years, residing in the target counties, and having used any drug (excluding alcohol, cannabis, and tobacco) to get high within 6 months. Interviewer-administered questionnaires elicited data on behavioral/demographic characteristics and HRVM design preferences. Sample characteristics and site-level differences were estimated accounting for peer-referral chain clustering. Naloxone was the most desired supply (95.6 %), followed by syringes (94.5 %) and fentanyl test strips (83.7 %). Supplies for basic needs were popular, including water (82.6 %), food (72.8 %), and personal care kits (71.3 %). The most endorsed location was the health department (71.1 %). More than twice the number of participants wanted HRVMs installed outdoors (52.3 %) rather than indoors (19.6 %), but for 25.4 %, indoor/outdoor installation preference varies depending on the venue. While over three-quarters reported that a surveillance camera would not affect their HRVM use, a substantial minority indicated it would be a deterrent, highlighting a key consideration for implementation. There were significant differences in supply and location preferences across the two communities. HRVMs may expand harm reduction service access in rural settings, but PWUD input is needed to ensure that their design responds to community needs.</div><div>Clinical Trials Registration</div><div>NCT05657106</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of substance-free alternatives in treating and preventing harmful substance use: A narrative review of the translational research spectrum","authors":"Justin T. Van Heukelom,&nbsp;Lesleigh A. Stinson,&nbsp;Jalie A. Tucker","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interventions primarily focused on constraining access to substances have largely failed to reduce substance use and associated harms. Alternative approaches informed by behavioral theories of choice focus on reducing harmful substance use by increasing access to and engagement in substance-free rewards that can compete with substance use. This narrative review of the translational research spectrum, organized by research phases in the Food and Drug Administration’s Drug Approval Process, summarizes wide-ranging research on associations between substance-free alternatives (palatable stimuli, money, social interaction, physical activity) and substance use and related harms. Studies reviewed span laboratory experiments with nonhuman animals to human experiments and treatment and prevention research. With limited exceptions, research across the translational spectrum supported the role of substance-free alternative rewards in reducing harmful substance use. Effective substitutes for substance use under specific conditions included palatable stimuli in animal studies and monetary incentives and social interaction opportunities with non-substance using peers in human studies. Evidence for physical activity was mixed, with stronger support found in animal than human research. Emerging research further suggests that increasing access to substance-free activities in broader socioecological contexts surrounding harmful use (e.g., communities, drug-related policy) also are needed. Increasing access to substance-free rewards through individual- and community-level interventions is a promising alternative to conventional approaches that primarily focus on reducing substance use and related negative consequences by constraining access to substances. Community-level and public health policy efforts guided by behavioral theories of choice merit further development and evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syringe service program leader and participant perspectives on reasons for opioid-stimulant co-use in the United States","authors":"Barbara Andraka-Christou ,&nbsp;Shana Harris ,&nbsp;Whitney D. Margaritis ,&nbsp;M.H. Clark ,&nbsp;Fatema Z. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Suhas Shewale","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Opioids and stimulants are increasingly used together in North America. Using syringe service program (SSP) leaders’ and participants’ perspectives, we sought to identify reasons for intentional and unintentional co-use.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used a sequential exploratory mixed method design with interviews and a questionnaire of SSP leaders and participants in the U.S. between 2022 and 2024. We recruited a national sample of SSP leaders for telephone/virtual interviews, stratifying for counties with higher overdose rates, higher percentages of non-white residents, and geographic variation. We asked SSP leaders to share flyers with their SSP’s participants. We analyzed qualitative data using iterative categorization and developed an online quantitative questionnaire based on qualitative findings. We disseminated the questionnaire to all SSP program leaders listed on a public website of SSPs in the U.S. and asked them to share it with their SSPs’ participants. We analyzed quantitative data using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Individuals (n = 30) from 13 U.S. states completed interviews, indicating the following reasons for co-use: seeking enhanced euphoria, unintentional co-use due to adulteration, staying awake part of the day and sleeping during the other part, using any drug available, perceived health benefits, and balancing effects for a comfortable experience. Individuals (n = 171) from 45 states and Washington, D.C. completed the quantitative questionnaire. Enhanced euphoria was the most frequently perceived reason for co-use (indicated by 67 % of respondents), with no significant differences in reasons for use by region.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Co-use is often intentional. SSPs should address risks through education.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145617879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in patterns of use and perceptions of cannabis among students in Canada: A decade of data from the Canadian Student Alcohol and Drugs Survey","authors":"Samantha Goodman ,&nbsp;Sebastian A. Srugo ,&nbsp;Emilia Krzeminska ,&nbsp;Hanan Abramovici","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The Canadian Student Alcohol and Drugs Survey is a biennial, repeat cross-sectional survey of grade 7–12 students in the Canadian provinces. This study examined cannabis-related behaviours at five timepoints before and after legalization of cannabis for non-medical purposes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Trends over time were examined using data from 2014–15 to 2023–24 (n = 264,558). Binary logistic regression examined changes in cannabis use and related behaviours, including frequency; usual method of use; perceived risk and access; usual source; and motor vehicle behaviours. Data were stratified by sex and grade group (grade 7–9 vs. 10–12).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, there was no change in prevalence of past 12-month, past 30-day, or frequent cannabis use (p &gt; 0.05 for all); however, modest increases were observed among females and grade 7–9 students (p &lt; 0.05 for both). Vaping surpassed smoking as the most common method of consumption in 2023–24. Smoking and dabbing cannabis decreased over time, whereas vaping and eating cannabis increased (p &lt; 0.001 for all). Perceived risk of regularly smoking cannabis decreased (p &lt; 0.001), and perceived ease of cannabis access increased (p &lt; 0.001). The most common cannabis sources were social sources. There was no change in driving after using cannabis (p &gt; 0.05), whereas there was a recent increase in riding with a driver who had used cannabis (p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While legalization and regulation of cannabis for non-medical purposes was not associated with increases in overall cannabis use among students in Canada, increasing rates of use in females and younger students, and changes in perceptions of risk and accessibility require continued monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review investigating prenatal cannabis and tobacco co-exposure: Impacts on neonatal, behavioral, cognitive and physiological outcomes","authors":"Mathilde Argote ,&nbsp;Leah Hilson ,&nbsp;Maryam Sorkhou ,&nbsp;Rachel A. Rabin","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite the high and increasing rates of cannabis and nicotine/tobacco product (NTP) use during pregnancy, the impact of their combined use on health outcomes in offspring remains poorly understood. Given the growing body of research on prenatal cannabis and NTP co-exposure and its effects on neonatal, behavioral, cognitive, and physiological outcomes in offspring, we conducted a systematic review to synthesize the existing literature and evaluate whether prenatal co-exposure results in additive and/or synergistic adverse effects compared to prenatal cannabis-only exposure and prenatal NTP-only exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We searched Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO databases via OVID for human and animal studies examining the association between prenatal co-exposure and single-substance exposure on neonatal, behavioral, cognitive, and physiological outcomes in offspring.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 3217 records identified, 46 articles were included in the review (human, n = 43; preclinical n = 3). For select neonatal outcomes, co-exposed infants exhibited a higher risk of compromised physical development and birth defects relative to infants with single-substance exposure. Behavioral outcomes, particularly emotion regulation/reactivity, and physiological outcomes demonstrated a similar pattern. In contrast, other neonatal outcomes (e.g., preterm birth and respiratory distress), and cognition were similar between the prenatal co-exposure and single-substance exposure groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This review suggests additive and/or synergistic adverse consequences associated with co-exposure on several outcomes in offspring relative to single substance exposure. These findings highlight the urgent need for prevention and treatment strategies addressing cannabis and NTP use in pregnant women. We discuss the limitations of the included studies and highlight key areas for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nicotine pouch pharmacokinetics compared to smoked tobacco: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Javad Heshmati ,&nbsp;Emma Lynn Bates ,&nbsp;Spencer Shahen ,&nbsp;Sarah Visintini ,&nbsp;Evyanne Quirouette ,&nbsp;Kerri-Anne Mullen ,&nbsp;Hassan Mir","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nicotine pouches (NP) are novel agents that deliver nicotine through buccal absorption as opposed to combustion. They are proposed as a harm reduction tool compared to smoking tobacco. However, there is limited evidence on their efficacy and safety. This review article summarizes the current evidence regarding NP pharmacokinetics compared to conventional tobacco products. We searched Medline, Embase, CENTRAL and Scopus for studies that assessed pharmacokinetic parameters of nicotine pouches. We identified studies involving tobacco-dependent adults and examined pharmacokinetic parameters such as total exposure, peak concentration, and time to peak. A meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects models to calculate pooled effect sizes. The Cochrane ROB 2.0 tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias in the included studies. A total of seven RCTs and crossover trials were included. Five compared NP pharmacokinetics with smoked tobacco, while two used moist snuff as comparators. Total nicotine exposure was significantly lower with 1.5<!--> <!-->mg and 2<!--> <!-->mg pouches, similar with 3.5<!--> <!-->mg and 4<!--> <!-->mg pouches, and significantly higher with pouches containing 8<!--> <!-->mg or more when compared to cigarettes. A meta-analysis of three trials showed that 4<!--> <!-->mg pouches delivered 91.73 % (95 % CI 85.03 %–98.42 %) of cigarette total nicotine exposure. Peak concentration was significantly lower with 1.5<!--> <!-->mg, 2<!--> <!-->mg, and 3.5<!--> <!-->mg pouches while higher concentration pouches had greater peak when compared to cigarettes. A meta-analysis of three trials showed that 4<!--> <!-->mg pouches showed a peak nicotine concentration of 69.15 % (95 % CI 58.55 %–79.76 %) compared with cigarettes. Peak nicotine concentration was consistently achieved earlier with cigarettes (5–8<!--> <!-->min) than with pouches (20–65<!--> <!-->min). Despite their buccal absorption, 4<!--> <!-->mg pouches (most commonly used), deliver similar total nicotine exposure to cigarettes, though with lower peak concentrations and slower absorption. When combined with their flavours and aggressive marketing to youth, this raises concerns about the potential of nicotine pouches to cause nicotine dependence, especially among those using the product recreationally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145416655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Craving mediates the relationship between sleep quality and impaired control over drinking: A preliminary study","authors":"Erica N. Grodin ,&nbsp;Wave-Ananda Baskerville ,&nbsp;Lara A. Ray","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sleep disturbances are common in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Craving is a critical driver of alcohol use and return to drinking and is influenced by sleep. Craving may be a mechanism underlying the relationship between sleep disturbance and alcohol use, such that sleep disturbances result in higher craving, limiting control over alcohol use. This study examined craving as a mediator of the relationship between global sleep quality and impaired control over alcohol use.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty-two (35M/27F) individuals with moderate-to-severe AUD participated in the study. Participants reported on past month sleep quality, craving for alcohol, impaired control over alcohol, and confidence to resist drinking in situations commonly precipitating alcohol use. Mediation models were conducted to evaluate craving as a mediator of the relationship between sleep quality and control over alcohol use.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was a significant indirect effect of craving on the relationship between sleep quality and failed control over drinking; confidence to resist drinking in negative affect situations, and confidence to resist drinking in social conflict situations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Craving may be a mechanism through which sleep disturbances increase alcohol use. It is plausible that sleep disturbances reduce the ability for self-regulation, resulting in higher levels of craving and impaired ability to control alcohol use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The experience of individuals living with alcohol use disorder within palliative care and end of life services: A scoping review","authors":"Amélie Deschamps ,&nbsp;Andrée-Anne Légaré ,&nbsp;Anne-Marie Auger ,&nbsp;Natalia Muñoz Gómez ,&nbsp;Magaly Brodeur","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) often face stigma and fragmented care, contributing to the underutilization of palliative care (PC), despite overlapping clinical needs. Research on the specific experiences of AUD patients in PC and end of life (EOL) settings remains limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A scoping review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted across five databases. From 865 initial results, eight studies met inclusion criteria after full-text screening. Five of them were case reports. Eligible studies focused on the experiences of individuals living with AUD receiving PC or EOL services. Data extraction and narrative synthesis were then conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients with AUD in PC often experienced significant symptom burden, including poorly managed pain, depression, and alcohol withdrawal symptoms. AUD was frequently underrecognized by healthcare professionals, and details of alcohol use were inconsistently reported. Transitions to PC were often delayed, with limited patient involvement in EOL decision-making. Stigma, clinician discomfort, and lack of integrated addiction and PC approaches were recurring barriers to optimal care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Given the limited research on the management of AUD within PC settings, this review highlights the need for further investigation. While the findings suggest potential priorities for future research and clinical practice, including improved AUD screening, enhanced training for PC providers, and earlier, patient-centered EOL planning. These findings should be interpreted with caution, as they are based on a small number of studies, most of which are case reports. Addressing these gaps may enhance the quality of care and outcomes for individuals with AUD at the EOL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mothers and fathers who use medical cannabis: A comparison of sociodemographic characteristics, cannabis use, and health","authors":"Janna Ataiants,&nbsp;Ekaterina V. Fedorova,&nbsp;Ojaswini D. Parab,&nbsp;Maddy Finkelstein,&nbsp;Elizabeth S. Valdez,&nbsp;Olivia Cordingley,&nbsp;Stephen E. Lankenau","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While increasing numbers of parents use medical cannabis, little is known about their cannabis use or health, despite potential implications for child well-being. Recognizing that parenting is shaped by gendered roles and norms, this study compared mothers and fathers who use cannabis as medical cannabis patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Parents living with children (N = 372; 62.9 % mothers, 37.1 % fathers) were identified from an ongoing study of Pennsylvania-based medical cannabis patients. Bivariate and multivariable analyses assessed sociodemographic, cannabis use, and health characteristics by parent’s sex.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to fathers, mothers were less likely to be married, have a higher income, report arrest history, veteran status, and lifetime opioid misuse, and more likely to report PTSD (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Problematic cannabis use did not significantly differ by parent’s sex (mothers: 15.0 %; fathers: 20.3 %). However, mothers had lower odds of using concentrates (AOR: 0.56, 95 % CI: 0.33–0.96) and higher odds of using capsules (AOR: 1.87, 95 % CI: 1.09–3.19), tinctures (AOR: 1.71, 95 % CI: 1.01–2.87), using at specific times (AOR: 1.85, 95 % CI: 1.08–3.16), and using alone (AOR: 1.79, 95 % CI: 1.02–3.14). Mothers also had higher odds of frequent sleep problems (AOR: 1.96, 95 % CI: 1.18–3.25) and moderate-to-severe anxiety (AOR: 1.91, 95 % CI: 1.14–3.20).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Mothers showed greater socioeconomic vulnerability, elevated anxiety and sleep disturbances, and more discreet cannabis use, while fathers had more flexible use patterns and fewer anxiety symptoms, despite greater lifetime adversity. These differences highlight the need for gender-responsive programs to support parents who use medical cannabis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145416654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}