Drug and alcohol dependence reports最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence, patterns, and predictors of prescribing medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) in the Inpatient setting","authors":"Ashley Burke ,&nbsp;Nina Vadiei ,&nbsp;Lea Mollon","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>There are many barriers to prescribing medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD). This study evaluates the prevalence, patterns, and predictors of inpatient MOUD prescribing at discharge to patients with a diagnosis of opioid use/opioid use disorder (OUD) that developed opioid withdrawal during their hospital stay.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This multicenter, retrospective cross-sectional study occurred at three hospitals in Arizona. Patients who developed opioid withdrawal during their hospitalization and had a documented opioid-related disorder between January 1, 2021, and January 1, 2022, were included in the study. Patient-specific factors were evaluated as predictors of MOUD prescribing at hospital discharge using descriptive, multivariate regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 382 encounters were included; 249 had documented OUD (65.2 %), 75 of which were discharged with MOUD (75/249; 30.1 %). Patients with moderate/moderately severe opioid withdrawal had higher odds of being discharged with MOUD compared to those with mild opioid withdrawal (OR 2.87 [1.44–5.69], p=0.003). Patients admitted to the largest hospital in Phoenix had higher odds of being prescribed MOUD compared to the largest hospital in Tucson (OR 8.23 [3.02–22.49], p&lt;0.001), as were patients who underwent a routine discharge compared to patient directed discharges (7.63 [2.35–24.71], p=0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Less than one-third of patients with OUD that developed opioid withdrawal during their hospitalization were prescribed MOUD at discharge. Treatment facility, opioid withdrawal severity, and discharge disposition were predictors of MOUD prescribing. Inpatient health-systems and policymakers may consider these data when developing policies/procedures aimed at increasing MOUD prescribing rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E-Cigarette switching and financial incentives to promote combustible cigarette cessation among adults accessing shelter services: A pilot study","authors":"Munjireen S. Sifat ,&nbsp;Adam C. Alexander ,&nbsp;Michael S. Businelle ,&nbsp;Summer G. Frank-Pearce ,&nbsp;Laili Kharazi Boozary ,&nbsp;Theodore L. Wagener ,&nbsp;Jasjit S. Ahluwalia ,&nbsp;Darla E. Kendzor","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Smoking prevalence among U.S. adults experiencing homelessness is ≥70 %. Interventions are needed to address persisting tobacco disparities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Adults who smoked combustible cigarettes (CC) daily (<em>N</em>=60) were recruited from an urban day shelter and randomly assigned to an e-cigarette switching intervention with or without financial incentives for carbon monoxide (CO)-verified CC abstinence (EC vs. EC+FI). All participants received an e-cigarette device and nicotine pods during the first 4 weeks post-switch; and those in the EC+FI group also received escalating weekly incentives for CC abstinence during the same period. Key follow-ups were conducted at 4- and 8-weeks post-switch.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants were predominantly male (75 %), 50 % were racially/ethnically minoritized, with an average age of 48.8 years. Descriptive analyses indicated that CC smoking abstinence rates among EC and EC+FI were 3.3 % vs. 13.3 % at 4 weeks (8.3 % overall) and 10.0 % vs. 13.3 % at 8 weeks (11.7 % overall) in the intent-to-treat analyses (missing considered smoking). Among those who completed follow-ups (51.7 % and 45.0 % at 4- and 8-weeks), CC abstinence rates in EC and EC+FI were 6.3 % vs. 26.7 % at 4 weeks (16.1 % overall) and 21.4 % vs. 30.8 % at 8 weeks (25.9 % overall). EC+FI participants reported fewer days of smoking, more days of e-cigarette use, and greater reductions in CO at 4-week follow-up. Most participants reported a high likelihood of switching to e-cigarettes (67.7 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>E-cigarette switching with financial incentives for CC cessation is a promising approach to tobacco harm reduction among adults accessing shelter services. Refinements are needed to improve engagement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syndemic conditions associated with hazardous alcohol consumption among sexual minority men in San Francisco","authors":"Thye Peng Ngo ,&nbsp;Taylor Cuffaro ,&nbsp;Glenn-Milo Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hazardous alcohol consumption (HAC) is prevalent among sexual minority men (SMM). Using syndemic theory, this study aimed to identify the number of syndemic conditions, including their combinations, and their association with HAC among SMM in San Francisco.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from 246 SMM who consume alcohol. Syndemic factors included multiple substance use, depressive symptoms, HIV/STI status, and houselessness. We conducted a multivariable logistic regression to estimate the odds of HAC associated with increasing syndemic conditions. We further examined which combinations of three syndemic factors were associated with the highest odds for HAC.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average age was 40.7; participants were predominantly White (33.3 %) and Black/African American (29.7 %) and graduated from high school (92.7 %). The prevalence of HAC increased with the number of syndemic conditions: 13.6 % with none, 30.9 % with one, 51.9 % with two, 65.1 % with three, and 69.2 % with four conditions. A significant log-linear trend was observed, with two syndemic conditions increasing the odds of HAC over fivefold (AOR=5.05, 95 % CI=1.68–15.15), and three and four syndemic conditions increasing the odds by more than eightfold (AOR=8.82, 95 % CI=2.74–28.39; AOR=8.55, 95 % CI=2.26–32.28). The combination of depressive symptoms, HIV/STI status, and houselessness tripled the odds for HAC (OR=3.07, 95 % CI=1.34–7.04).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HAC was associated with increasing syndemics, and specific conditions (depression, HIV/STI, and houselessness) had the greatest odds of HAC. These findings underscore the need for comprehensive screening and integrated interventions targeting these co-occurring conditions to reduce HAC in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rates of buprenorphine prescribing and racial disparities among patients with opioid overdose","authors":"Kimberly Y. Chieh ,&nbsp;Lauren A. Walter ,&nbsp;Karen L. Cropsey ,&nbsp;Li Li","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Awareness of the relationship between real-world buprenorphine prescribing and overdose frequency is limited, especially in the Southeastern United States. We described buprenorphine prescribing rates for patients experiencing nonfatal opioid overdoses in the context of overdose frequency.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Electronic medical records review was conducted at an urban, academic hospital in Alabama from January 1 through December 31, 2021. Patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) and nonfatal opioid overdoses, dispositioned from either the emergency department (ED), inpatient, or outpatient affiliated clinics, were identified by International Classification of Diseases-10 codes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 358 unique patients. Many patients were white (71.5 %), male (59.2 %), and uninsured (54.2 %), with a mean age of 42.0±12.8 years. The majority (85.5 %) experienced one to three overdoses, and 14.5 % of patients had more than three overdoses. The buprenorphine prescription rate increased to 55.8 % when patients had more than three overdoses, compared to one overdose (34.5 %) and two to three overdoses (37.4 %) (<em>p</em>=0.025). Compared to females, more males overdosed more than once (<em>p</em>=0.004). Black patients were less likely to receive buprenorphine prescriptions than white patients (27.3 % vs. 44.5 %, <em>p</em>=0.004). Compared to patients with multiple overdoses, more patients with one overdose had public insurance (<em>p</em>=0.028) and were less likely to present to the ED (<em>p</em>&lt;0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Under-prescribing of buprenorphine is high among patients with OUD and opioid overdoses, even in patients with multiple overdoses, and there appear to be racial disparities in prescribing. Our findings indicate clinical opportunities for improving buprenorphine prescribing and reducing the current disparities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attentional bias in tobacco use disorder using eye tracking: A systematic review","authors":"Noreen Rahmani ,&nbsp;Alma Rahimi ,&nbsp;Kameron Iturralde ,&nbsp;Laurie Zawertailo","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Attentional bias, defined as the disproportionate attentional allocation towards drug-related stimuli, is well-demonstrated in substance use disorders. However, studies investigating attentional bias in tobacco use disorder have revealed inconclusive findings. In recent years, eye-tracking technology has emerged as an innovative technique for exploring attentional bias. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of eye-tracking studies examining attentional bias in tobacco use disorder.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using PRISMA guidelines, 18 papers that assessed attentional bias using eye-tracking technology among people who smoke cigarettes were extracted from the following databases: PsychINFO, MEDLINE, and EMBASE. Search terms included “attentional bias”, “tobacco use disorder”, and “eye tracking” and their respective subject headings and synonyms. Selected papers were assessed for methodological quality using a standardized procedure. Selected studies reviewed were categorized into studies making comparisons between 1) people who smoke and people who do not smoke and 2) between smoking-related cues and neutral cues among people who smoke.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, most studies showed that people who smoke had significantly greater attentional bias to smoking-related cues, as indexed by greater dwell times and fixation counts. Although findings using measures of early orienting biases were mixed, people who smoke displayed a tendency to initially shift attention to smoking-related cues more frequently than neutral cues.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>While methodological inconsistencies across studies preclude any definitive conclusions, findings suggest that maintained attention may be a more precise reflection of the specific attentional processes influenced by incentive salience. Suggestions for future research include establishing methodological standards for future eye-tracking studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142594115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effect of an individualised reward-related impulsivity induction on ad libitum alcohol consumption: A pilot study","authors":"Hannah J. Lindsay ,&nbsp;Daniel Stjepanović ,&nbsp;Matthew J. Gullo","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Impulsivity has well-documented associations with risky alcohol use. Little evidence exists on the causal mechanisms, but emerging experimental evidence suggests a role for reward-related impulsivity. Recent work experimentally increased reward-related impulsivity to increase drinking using standardised reward-cue stimuli. The present study piloted participant-generated reward-cue stimuli to increase laboratory alcohol consumption. Sixteen participants (56.3 % male; <em>M</em>_<em>age</em> = 20.13, <em>SD</em> = 1.78) attended two laboratory sessions (experimental and control). In the experimental session, the <em>Individualised Reward-seeking Induction Schedule (IRIS)</em> had participants re-experience an intense, vivid memory of an approach motivational state (control session: no induction) before completing a laboratory drinking task. Self-reported reward-seeking, positive, and negative affect were measured. <em>IRIS</em> significantly increased alcohol consumption by 53.65<!--> <!-->ml (<em>SE</em> = 29.11, <em>p</em> &lt;.001) when controlling for positive and negative affect. <em>IRIS</em> also produced significantly higher state reward-seeking (Δꭓ² (1) = 14.02, <em>p</em> &lt;.001). Findings provide preliminary validation of <em>IRIS</em>, a new experimental methodology to investigate impulsivity-related alcohol use. Replication of observed effects in a larger sample is required. The present study supports the use of <em>IRIS</em> in future research to understand the causal role of reward-related impulsivity on alcohol consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142594114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis use patterns among people with HIV before and after legalization","authors":"AW Hahn ,&nbsp;SA Ruderman ,&nbsp;RM Nance ,&nbsp;JAC Delaney ,&nbsp;BM Whitney ,&nbsp;S. Eltonsy ,&nbsp;L. Haidar ,&nbsp;LN Drumright ,&nbsp;J. Ma ,&nbsp;KH Mayer ,&nbsp;C. O’Cleirigh ,&nbsp;L. Bamford ,&nbsp;E. Cachay ,&nbsp;NT Fox ,&nbsp;G. Burkholder ,&nbsp;K. Cropsey ,&nbsp;MA Owens ,&nbsp;G. Chander ,&nbsp;HM Crane ,&nbsp;RJ Fredericksen","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cannabis use is highly prevalent and detrimental among people with HIV (PWH). Legislative changes in several states altered the legality and accessibility of cannabis. We examined pre-post legislative changes in current, daily, and severe use in PWH in clinical care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PWH engaged in the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) cohort from 3 sites/states were asked about past 3-month cannabis use on a routine clinical assessment of health behavior before and after legalization. A fourth site in a state without legalization served as a comparator. We used linear regression to estimate changes in use prevalence from 1 year before to 1 year after legalization.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among PWH (n=7885), from 1 year before to 1 year after legalization, cannabis use prevalence increased slightly in Boston, MA (32–38 %), Birmingham, AL (26–27 %), and San Diego, CA (25–29 %); and decreased in Seattle, WA (44–41 %). Contemporaneously, daily cannabis use increased modestly (less than 5 %) at all sites. Severe use (cannabis-specific ASSIST score ≥27) decreased or plateaued at all sites. No site showed significant change in prevalence trends of current, daily, or severe use 1 year before and after legalization in linear regression (<em>p</em> &gt;0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Few changes prevailed in cannabis use patterns around dates of legalization among PWH in care in the U.S. Relaxation of cannabis policy does not appear to result in an immediate increase in use among PWH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics associated with adult non-fatal opioid and stimulant overdose and substance use disorder emergency department visits in Michigan","authors":"Olivia Martin ,&nbsp;Harriet Bird ,&nbsp;Sarah Nechuta","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Understanding risk factors for emergency department (ED) visits for overdose and substance use disorder (SUD) can inform prevention efforts. Few studies have considered non-fatal opioid overdoses, stimulant overdoses and SUD, and limited data exists by overdose intentionality and by sex.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a serial cross-sectional study with Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Michigan (MI) 2019–2020 ED discharge data (<em>n</em>=5,716,716). Primary outcomes included non-fatal opioid overdoses, non-fatal stimulant overdoses, and SUD primary diagnoses in a single ED visit. We examined demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with study outcomes using binary and multinomial logistic regression (for overdose intentionality) models, which estimated adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among all MI discharges, 13,908, 1,379, and 23,462 were nonfatal opioid, stimulant, or SUD overdose visits, respectively. Lower median household income (vs. higher income), male sex (vs. female), metropolitan county of residence (vs. small urban/rural), and Medicaid (vs. private insurance) were associated with increased odds of all outcomes. For example, ORs(95 % CIs) for Medicaid were 4.41(4.18,4.65), 2.25(1.95,2.60), and 2.80(2.70,2.91) for opioid overdoses, stimulant overdoses, and SUD, respectively. All outcomes had the highest increased odds in ages 28–32 years compared to 18–22 years. Stratification by sex and non-fatal overdose intentionality modified some associations, with the strongest associations observed for non-fatal opioid overdoses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Male sex, Medicaid, and race/ethnicity were consistently associated with all outcomes similarly, but other characteristics varied in patterns, strengths of association, and statistical significance by outcome groups, sex, and non-fatal opioid or stimulant overdose intentionality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engagement in substance use disorder treatment after an emergency department visit among persons at high risk of opioid overdose: A prediction analysis","authors":"Fiona Bhondoekhan ,&nbsp;Yu Li ,&nbsp;Benjamin D. Hallowell ,&nbsp;Linda Mahoney ,&nbsp;Mackenzie M. Daly ,&nbsp;Jamieson Goulet ,&nbsp;Francesca L. Beaudoin ,&nbsp;Laura C. Chambers ,&nbsp;Brandon D.L. Marshall","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Certified peer recovery specialists (CPRS) and licensed clinical social workers (LCSWs) can facilitate substance use disorder (SUD) treatment engagement for emergency department (ED) patients at risk for overdose. Predictors of treatment engagement after such behavioral services are unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This secondary analysis included Rhode Island ED patients at high risk for opioid overdose participating in a randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of CPRS and LCSWs services (2018–2021). SUD treatment engagement within 90 days post-discharge was identified using statewide administrative data. Potential predictors were obtained from baseline questionnaires. Classification and regression trees (CART) were used to identify predictors of treatment engagement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the ED, 323 and 325 participants received CPRS and LCSWs services, respectively, among whom 141 (43.7 %) and 137 (42.2 %) engaged in SUD treatment within 90 days post-discharge. For the CPRS group, predictors of treatment engagement included unhealthy alcohol use, prescription opioid or benzodiazepine use in past 6 months, and lifetime history of: unstable housing, barriers to treatment, bipolar disorder diagnosis, addiction treatment, and recovery services. In the LCSW group, predictors included health insurance, current pain, opioid overdose in past year, and lifetime history of anxiety disorder diagnosis and mental illness treatment. However, CART had low predictive accuracy (CPRS: 60.9 %, LCSW: 54.8 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Among ED patients at high risk of opioid overdose receiving behavioral services, 90-day SUD treatment engagement was high. Sociobehavioral and clinical patient characteristics did not accurately predict treatment engagement. Behavioral services should be offered to all ED patients at high risk of opioid overdose.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of cannabidiol use and correlates in U.S. adults","authors":"Namkee G. Choi ,&nbsp;C. Nathan Marti ,&nbsp;Bryan Y. Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cannabidiol (CBD) use has been increasing for its putative therapeutic potential for various health conditions. Research using a nationally representative sample is needed to examine characteristics of CBD users.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data came from the adult sample (N=47,100) of the 2022 U.S. National Survey on Drug Use and Health. We fitted generalized linear models to examine the sociodemographic, health, other substance use, and cannabis risk perception as correlates of CBD-only use and CBD-cannabis co-use, compared to cannabis-only use.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2022, 20.6 % and 23.0 % of U.S. adults reported using CBD and cannabis, respectively, in the preceding 12 months, and 63 % of CBD users also used cannabis. CBD use was significantly higher among women (CBD-only vs. cannabis-only use: IRR=1.43, 95 % CI=1.31–1.57), but significantly lower among Black and Hispanic individuals compared to non-Hispanic White individuals (CBD-only vs. cannabis-only use: IRR=0.71, 95 % CI=0.60–0.85 for Black individuals; IRR=0.79, 95 % CI=0.65–0.96 for Hispanic individuals). Older ages, higher SES, chronic medical conditions, mental illness, and high cannabis risk perception were also associated with higher likelihood of CBD-only use versus cannabis-only use. CBD-cannabis co-users were at most risk in terms of chronic illness, mental illness, cannabis use disorder, and other substance use problems.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The high prevalence of self-reported CBD use among those with physical and mental health problems warrants public health warnings about potential side effects and drug interactions. The high CBD-cannabis co-use rate also calls for more research on potential benefits and negative effects of the co-use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142424526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}