Drug and alcohol dependence reports最新文献

{"title":"Protocol for a new family history of addiction density score to aid in the treatment of alcohol and substance use disorders","authors":"Jessica L. Bourdon ,&nbsp;Jordan Wright ,&nbsp;Sabrina Verdecanna ,&nbsp;Mer W. Francis ,&nbsp;Vivia V. McCutcheon","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While molecular and non-molecular genetic testing are the gold standard for assessing a person’s familial liability for substance use disorders, such testing is often inaccessible. Family history information collected at intake is an alternative, but tools to effectively utilize this information are excessively complex. The aims of the study are threefold: 1) Describe a protocol for the collection of family history in a thorough and straightforward manner. 2) Provide an algorithm to convert family history information to numerical scores. 3) Present the aggregated results from the pilot testing of the protocol.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All patients (<em>N</em> = 871) underwent a comprehensive assessment that included the family history protocol. Descriptive statistics, <em>t-</em>tests and Pearson Correlation were used to analyze the scores and determine key differences by demographic categories (sex/race/ethnicity/substance/age).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The protocol asked patients four key questions about 1st and 2nd degree relatives while completing a family pedigree. Answers were transferred into an algorithm to output a score for each patient. This score took affectedness and relatedness of each family member into account. The average number of affected relatives was 5.24 (SD=3.17), and there were significant sex, race, and primary substance score differences.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provides the addiction field with a novel, freely available, and easily implementable family history protocol that has several potential clinical applications. While more research is needed, pilot results provide a valuable research tool, insight into a typical family history for those at an inpatient addiction treatment center, and steps toward closing the research-to-practice gap in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refer2Quit: A pilot referral approach to promote treatment for parents who smoke tobacco through pediatric primary care","authors":"Brian P. Jenssen ,&nbsp;Ngwi Tayong ,&nbsp;Hannah Martin ,&nbsp;Janani Ramachandran ,&nbsp;Shannon Kelleher ,&nbsp;Jeritt G. Thayer ,&nbsp;Robert W. Grundmeier ,&nbsp;Alexander G. Fiks ,&nbsp;Robert A. Schnoll","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Evidence-based tobacco treatments are rarely provided to household members who smoke but do not attend a child’s pediatric visit. This pilot study evaluated an electronic health record (EHR)-linked intervention leveraging pediatric visits to identify and engage household members who smoke tobacco in treatment remotely.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a single-arm prospective study with household members who smoke at a high-volume pediatric primary care practice. During preventive visits, the EHR system screened parents for tobacco use, automated treatment connections, and prompted referrals for household members who smoke. Referred household members were contacted, consented, and offered nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), quitline counseling, and/or SmokefreeTXT. Outcomes included feasibility (referral rate), effectiveness (treatment acceptance), and acceptability (satisfaction). A 1-month follow-up survey assessed treatment use and smoking cessation (7-day abstinence from combustible tobacco).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between April 2022 and August 2024, 3478 pediatric patients had additional household members who smoke. Of 352 (10.1 %) referred individuals, 350 were contacted; 91 (25.9 %) accepted treatment. Among these, 82 (90 %) chose NRT, 58 (64 %) chose quitline, and 64 (70 %) chose SmokefreeTXT. All participants found the referral approach acceptable. At follow-up, 54 (59 %) completed the survey; 42 (46 %) reported treatment use, and 12 (13 %) reported smoking cessation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This EHR-linked intervention effectively identifies and engages household members who use tobacco in treatment, demonstrating feasibility, acceptability, and promising outcomes. These findings warrant more rigorous evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-intensity interval training alleviates ethanol-induced renal damage: A study on inflammation, oxidative stress, and histopathological changes in rats","authors":"Najmeh Sadat Hosseini ,&nbsp;Sara Shirazpour ,&nbsp;Gholamreza Sepehri ,&nbsp;Shahriar Dabiri ,&nbsp;Manzumeh Shamsi Meymandi","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study examines if high-intensity interval training (HIIT) can reduce ethanol-induced kidney damage by modulating cytokines and reducing oxidative stress.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 6): CON (saline control), ET (ethanol; 3<!--> <!-->mg/kg of 20 % ethanol gavage), HIIT (8 weeks of HIIT), HIIT-SL (saline + HIIT), and HIIT-ET (ethanol + HIIT). Kidney tissues were collected for biochemical analysis of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10); oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA); and antioxidants, including total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Histopathology and serum levels of albumin, urea, and creatinine were evaluated. Statistical significance was assessed using GraphPad Prism (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Chronic ethanol consumption increased pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 (p &lt; 0.0001) and decreased anti-inflammatory IL-10 (p &lt; 0.0001). Histopathology revealed tubular necrosis, and hyaline casts. HIIT reduced TNF-α and IL-6 while increasing IL-10 (p &lt; 0.0001), showing an anti-inflammatory effect. The HIIT-ET group had fewer hyaline casts and less tubular necrosis compared to the ET group, although hyperemia persisted. HIIT improved antioxidant levels (TAC, GPx, SOD) and reduced oxidative stress (MDA) (p &lt; 0.05). Serum urea and creatinine were higher in the ET group but lower in the HIIT-ET group; albumin levels were increased with HIIT.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study shows HIIT effectively reduces ET-induced kidney damage by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation, suggesting it as a promising non-drug approach to manage ET-related renal issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in normative modeling of cortical thickness in cannabis use disorder","authors":"Erin L. Martin ,&nbsp;Laura M. Campbell ,&nbsp;Kathryn Thorn ,&nbsp;Gregory L. Sahlem ,&nbsp;Aimee L. McRae-Clark ,&nbsp;Andreana Benitez","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2025.100318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cannabis use disorder (CUD) is associated with sexually dimorphic behavioral and neurobiological effects, but sex differences in a broader sampling of brain structures in CUD assessed relative to normative reference values have not been examined. Here, we assessed sex differences in brain regions measured via 3<!--> <!-->T MRI in 72 adults (50 males, 22 females) with CUD. T1-weighted images, segmented via FreeSurfer, were used to derive Normative Morphometry Imaging Statistics z-scores (accounting for age, sex, intracranial volume, and image quality). Z-scores were then compared between sexes and associated with behavioral data. We found that average z-scores were within normative ranges for both sexes. There were no sex differences in total brain, cerebral white matter, and subcortical gray matter z-scores, but total cortical thickness z-scores were greater in females. Fourteen cortical regions surrounding the central and lateral sulci had greater z-scores in females than in males, but the medial orbitofrontal cortex z-score was greater in males. Of these regions, 3 were positively correlated with cannabis-related problems. Findings suggest sexual dimorphism in brain structure in CUD primarily in the frontal, medial parietal, and superior temporal lobes, with some association with cannabis-related problems even in the context of normative brain structure. Future research is needed to clarify causal mechanisms of morphometric differences in CUD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143082463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of safer smoking supply distribution with participant encounters and naloxone distribution from syringe services programs: Findings from the National Survey of Syringe Services Programs in the United States","authors":"Esther O. Chung ,&nbsp;Sheila V. Patel ,&nbsp;Lynn D. Wenger ,&nbsp;Jamie L. Humphrey ,&nbsp;Amang Sukasih ,&nbsp;Ricky N. Bluthenthal ,&nbsp;Hansel E. Tookes ,&nbsp;Don C. Des Jarlais ,&nbsp;Sara N. Glick ,&nbsp;Paul A. LaKosky ,&nbsp;Stephanie Prohaska ,&nbsp;Laura Guzman ,&nbsp;Alex H. Kral ,&nbsp;Barrot H. Lambdin","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In response to the recent and growing shift from injecting heroin to smoking fentanyl, an increasing number of syringe services programs (SSPs) in the United States are distributing safer smoking supplies. There is a lack of research on whether safer smoking supply distribution is associated with increased SSP engagement and naloxone distribution from SSPs. Therefore, we aimed to assess predictors of safer smoking supply distribution by SSPs and estimate associations between safer smoking supply distribution and scale of harm reduction services.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used cross-sectional data from the National Survey of Syringe Services Programs, which surveyed SSPs from March and August 2023 about services delivered in 2022. We examined factors associated with safer smoking supply distribution and estimated associations between smoking supply distribution and the number of participant encounters and naloxone doses distributed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 429 SSPs included, 187 (44.1 %) distributed safer smoking supplies to participants. SSP organizational type, service delivery method, urbanicity, and regional Census divisions were associated with safer smoking supply distribution. Compared to SSPs that did not distribute safer smoking supplies, those that did reported more participant encounters (aRR=1.62, 95 % CI: 1.19–2.20) and naloxone doses distributed (aRR=1.26, 95 % CI: 0.91–1.74).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SSPs distributing safer smoking supplies had greater participant engagement and naloxone distribution. To maximize their full individual and population-level health benefits, SSPs should be supported technically, legally, and financially to implement safer smoking supply distribution for their participants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors for recurrence of drug use among males on probation for methamphetamine use in Japan: a one-year follow-up study","authors":"Ayumi Takano ,&nbsp;Kunihiko Takahashi ,&nbsp;Tatsuhiko Anzai ,&nbsp;Takashi Usami ,&nbsp;Shiori Tsutsumi ,&nbsp;Yuka Kanazawa ,&nbsp;Yousuke Kumakura ,&nbsp;Toshihiko Matsumoto","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Methamphetamine use is related to severe health, social, and criminal challenges. However, there is limited evidence regarding the factors associated with the recurrence of drug use among individuals who have used methamphetamine, particularly within populations involved in the criminal justice system. This study aimed to identify predictors of illicit drug use at a one-year follow-up among males in Japan who have used methamphetamine and are involved in the criminal justice system.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study participants were adult males on probation due to methamphetamine use or possession and were involved in a community-based program. The participants were recruited early in their probation period and participated in telephone-based surveys conducted by mental health center staff. We analyzed one-year follow-up data to investigate the recurrence rate of illicit drug use and associated risk factors using multiple logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 234 participants, 27 (11.5 %) used illicit drugs during the one-year follow-up period. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, severity of drug use, type of probation, and use of treatment for substance use disorders, the use of social welfare services (OR = 2.78) and a lack of trustworthy relationships (OR = 3.17) were significantly associated with recurrence of illicit drug use.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study suggested that individuals facing challenges in maintaining stable living conditions and building trustworthy relationships were more likely to return to drug use early in their probation period. Comprehensive and tailored support focused on social stabilization and relationship-building is recommended to aid recovery in males who have experienced methamphetamine use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mixed-methods investigation of an ecological momentary assessment protocol for cigarette-smoking youth: Psychometric properties and participant experiences","authors":"Suhaavi Kochhar ,&nbsp;Hanneke Scholten ,&nbsp;Dominique F Maciejewski ,&nbsp;Michelle A Pingel ,&nbsp;Maartje Luijten","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is popular in smoking research to study time-varying processes and design just-in-time personalised cessation interventions. Yet, research examining the psychometric properties of EMA and user experiences with EMA protocols is lacking. We conducted a mixed-methods study to test the EMA component of a mobile intervention for middle to late-aged adolescents (16–20 years) who smoke cigarettes at least weekly.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Participants (<em>N</em> = 84) filled out global self-report measures at pre- and post-test, and reported their craving, mood, and smoking behaviour five times daily for seven days via their phones. We tested intra-class correlations, convergent validity, test-retest reliability, and multilevel internal consistency of the EMA items. Further, participants answered qualitative questions about their experiences with the EMA including the timing and frequency of assessments, clarity of individual items, and how it impacted their daily lives.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The EMA questionnaires showed good convergent validity and reliability. The average compliance rate was 77 %, and generally, participants evaluated the experience positively. While most participants rated the timing and frequency of EMA positively, some participants did not like that assessments expired after 1.5<!--> <!-->h. Forty percent of participants also reported that they liked monitoring their smoking and mood.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The use of EMA in our target group is feasible and had good compliance. The items used are suitable for researchers to use in future studies. We urge researchers to test the psychometric quality and feasibility of new EMA protocols before using them in confirmatory research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11759552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intimate partner sexual violence is associated with unhealthy alcohol use among Kenyan women engaged in sex work","authors":"Daniel Tolstrup ,&nbsp;Sarah T. Roberts ,&nbsp;Ruth Deya ,&nbsp;George Wanje ,&nbsp;Juma Shafi ,&nbsp;Jocelyn R. James ,&nbsp;Geetanjali Chander ,&nbsp;R. Scott McClelland ,&nbsp;Susan M. Graham","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Unhealthy alcohol use is often correlated with experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV). We investigated how different types of IPV (sexual, physical, emotional, and financial) were associated with unhealthy alcohol use among women engaged in sex work in Mombasa, Kenya.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 283 HIV-negative women who engaged in sex work recruited from an ongoing cohort study. Modified Poisson analysis was used to assess associations between recent (≤ 12 months) or past (&gt; 12 months) experiences of sexual, physical, emotional, or financial IPV and unhealthy alcohol use defined as an Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score ≥ 8.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 283 participants, 34.6 % had unhealthy alcohol use. Physical (62.5 %), emotional (60.4 %), and financial (66.4 %) IPV occurred more frequently than sexual IPV (43.8 %). Adjusted risk ratios (ARR) for relationships between physical and financial IPV and unhealthy alcohol use were elevated but not statistically significant. Compared to participants who had not experienced sexual IPV, those who had experienced recent or past sexual IPV had an increased risk of unhealthy alcohol use (ARR 1.56, 95 % confidence interval [1.09, 2.23] and ARR 1.48, 95 % confidence interval [0.97, 2.25], respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Sexual IPV was associated with unhealthy alcohol use among Kenyan women who engage in sex work. Physical, emotional, and financial IPV were also highly prevalent in the study population, though not associated with unhealthy alcohol use. These findings affirm the potential benefit of providing integrated IPV and alcohol treatment services focused on recovery after experiences of IPV for this vulnerable population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11763861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of age on brief motivational intervention for unhealthy alcohol use","authors":"Belina Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Nicolas Bertholet ,&nbsp;Jean-Bernard Daeppen ,&nbsp;Jacques Gaume","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The influence of age on brief motivational interventions (BMI) effects remains unknown. In the present study, we explored whether change in alcohol consumption after BMI differs across age groups and whether these differences are reflected in motivational interviewing (MI) counsellor skills.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial among emergency room (ER) patients screened for unhealthy alcohol consumption. Participants (N = 97, 80 % men, 18–21<!--> <!-->y: 19.6 %, 22–29<!--> <!-->y: 22.7 %, 30–49<!--> <!-->y: 34.0 % and ≥50<!--> <!-->y: 23.7 %) received a single BMI in the ER, which was coded using the MI Skills Code 2.0. Alcohol outcomes were measured at 12-month. First, we tested whether BMI effect varied by age group using negative binomial regression for weekly drinking consumption, and logistic regression for change to low-risk drinking. Second, MI counsellor skills (global ratings of empathy, MI spirit and acceptance, and percentages of open questions, complex reflections (CR) and MI-consistent behaviors) were examined through one-way ANOVA or Welch test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The 22–29<!--> <!-->y group i) reported lower consumption at follow-up compared to the 30–49<!--> <!-->y group (IRR=1.60, <em>p</em> = .04) and the ≥ 50<!--> <!-->y group (IRR=1.67, <em>p</em> = .03), and ii) was more likely to change to low-risk drinking than the 18–21<!--> <!-->y group (OR=11.25, <em>p</em> = .04). When comparing MI counsellor skills across age groups, higher empathy ratings (F(3,93)= 2.70, <em>p</em> = .05) and a higher percentage of CR (F(3,93)= 4.10, <em>p</em> = .009) were recorded for the 22–29<!--> <!-->y group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This exploratory study shows that BMI was associated with significantly better 12-month alcohol outcomes among patients aged 22–29 years, which corresponded with higher counsellor empathy ratings and percentage of CR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Receipt of medications for opioid use disorder among rural and urban veterans health administration patients","authors":"Olivia C. Reynolds ,&nbsp;Kathleen F. Carlson ,&nbsp;Adam J. Gordon ,&nbsp;Robert L. Handley ,&nbsp;Benjamin J. Morasco ,&nbsp;Todd P. Korthuis ,&nbsp;Travis I. Lovejoy ,&nbsp;Jessica J. Wyse","doi":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dadr.2024.100311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>We examined differences in medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) receipt between rural and urban veteran patients following initiatives within the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) to expand access to MOUD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data for this retrospective cohort study were obtained from the VA Corporate Data Warehouse, which contains national electronic health record data for all VA patients. The analytic sample included all patients diagnosed with OUD from 10/1/2018–9/30/20. Rurality was identified by the Rural Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) code of patients’ home address. Associations between rurality and MOUD receipt, as well as type of MOUD received, were examined using logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 66,842 patients with OUD, 27.4 % were rural residents. Compared to urban patients, rural patients were slightly younger (50.1 vs. 52.5 years), more often white (87.7 % vs. 70.3 %) and less often received MOUD (42.6 % vs 45.5 %). Multivariable models confirmed that rural patients had a lower likelihood of accessing any form of MOUD (aOR= 0.84, 95 % CI: 0.81–0.87) relative to urban VA patients. Medication-specific analyses identified a lower likelihood of receiving methadone (aOR= 0.36, 95 % CI: 0.33–0.39) and naltrexone (aOR= 0.89, 95 % CI: 0.80–0.99) among rural patients, but higher likelihood of receiving buprenorphine (aOR= 1.05, 95 % CI: 1.01–1.09).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Rural VA patients have a lower likelihood of receiving methadone and naltrexone for OUD treatment relative to urban patients, but greater likelihood of receiving buprenorphine. Continued work is needed to ensure that rural Veterans have equitable access to the most appropriate medication for their health care needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72841,"journal":{"name":"Drug and alcohol dependence reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}