Discoveries (Craiova, Romania)最新文献

{"title":"Discovery that cells have plasma membrane portals called porosomes that govern secretion.","authors":"Elisa A Liehn","doi":"10.15190/d.2023.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15190/d.2023.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A large number of products are synthesized and packaged in membrane vesicles to be secreted from cells to carry out essential physiological functions such as nerve transmission, digestion and immune response. How do cells secrete with great precision a portion of the vesicle contents?These questions have been answered through the work of Dr. Bhanu P. Jena, a cell physiologist and chemist at Wayne State University School of Medicine in Detroit Already in the mid 1990s he discovered that pancreatic acinar cells possess secretory portals (porosomes) at the cell plasma membrane that govern the transport and secretion of digestive enzymes. During the next twenty-five years, Jena characterized in great detail the molecular mechanisms underlying this secretory process. He also showed that similar \"secretory portals\", or \"porosomes\", are present in all cell types including endocrine cells secreting hormones and brain neurons secreting neurotransmitters.The principles discovered and described by Bhanu P. Jena turned out to be universal, operating similarly in all animal cells. A number of human hereditary diseases are caused by mutations in some of the nearly 30 proteins composing the porosome complex. Jena's discovery of the porosome, in addition to providing a deep understanding of cell secretion, has also contributed to the establishment of a drug development platform (https://www.porosome.com) for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Among the therapeutic application is porosome reconstitution in stem cell derived beta cells, for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes and holds great promise for the cure of cystic fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":72829,"journal":{"name":"Discoveries (Craiova, Romania)","volume":"11 4","pages":"e176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11421492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142333708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Significance and Clinicopathological Correlations of Epigenetic MGMT Gene Silencing in High Grade Diffuse Gliomas.","authors":"Alka Singh, Anurag Singh, Sarita Agrawal, Awadhesh Jaiswal, Sushila Jaiswal","doi":"10.15190/d.2023.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15190/d.2023.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glioblastoma is the most aggressive and commonest primary malignant brain tumour. Current standard of care includes surgery, radiation, and alkylating agent chemotherapy. Despite multimodal treatment, the survival of glioblastoma patients is dismal. Loss of O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase(MGMT) protein expression due to promoter methylation reduces glioma cell DNA repair activity and resistance to alkylating agents. Thus, in world health organization (WHO) grade 4 diffuse glioma patients treated with an alkylating agent, methylated MGMT promoter is currently being considered a clinically relevant prognostic as well as predictive biomarker. Our aim was to assess the frequency of MGMT promoter methylation in WHO grade 4 diffuse glioma patients and study their prognostic role and clinicopathological correlations. A two-year prospective cohort research was conducted on 89 WHO grade 4 diffuse glioma patients. The clinical and demographic data were retrieved from our hospital information system. MGMT methylation was assessed using methylation specific polymerase chain reaction. Data was analysed using SPSS-24 software. We studied 89 cases of WHO grade 4 diffuse glioma, of which 38.2% showed methylation of MGMT promoter. There was no significant difference in age, sex, location of tumor and clinical presentation between the methylated and unmethylated groups. A statistically significant association of methylated MGMT promoter was observed with isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) protein expression (p = 0.050) and alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) loss (p = 0.003). No significant association was noted with p53 overexpression (p = 0.492) and Ki-67 index (p = 0.698). The median overall survival in these patients receiving standard radiotherapy and concomitant temozolomide chemotherapy showed a trend towards better survival in group with methylated MGMT promoter (p < 0.001). Our study suggests that methylation of MGMT promoter is more frequent in the subset of grade 4 diffuse gliomas that significantly exhibit IDH1 immunopositivity and loss of ATRX expression. Also, patients who receive radiation therapy and simultaneous temozolomide chemotherapy have a considerably better prognosis and treatment outcome, if the promoter region of MGMT is methylated.</p>","PeriodicalId":72829,"journal":{"name":"Discoveries (Craiova, Romania)","volume":"11 3","pages":"e175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11695113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monoclonal Antibody Treatments for Alzheimer's Disease: Aducanumab and Lecanemab.","authors":"Selia Chowdhury","doi":"10.15190/d.2023.12","DOIUrl":"10.15190/d.2023.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) has witnessed a gradual rise in its prevalence in recent decades, particularly impacting a substantial segment of individuals aged 85 and above. The core pathological features of AD involve the presence of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles formed due to the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. Current AD treatments primarily provide symptomatic relief without addressing the fundamental disease progression. Given the sluggish pace of finding a definitive AD cure, research has shifted its focus towards pioneering approaches. There is an increasing emphasis on targeting the early stages of AD, with the aim of intervening before irreversible pathological changes take hold, thus preserving cognitive function and neuronal health. In recent years, significant strides have been made in the development and subsequent clinical testing of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) designed to potentially alter the underlying pathophysiology of AD. These therapeutic strategies involve the utilization of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specifically directed at Aβ. Some of the drugs falling into this category include aducanumab, bapineuzumab, gantenerumab, solanezumab, and lecanemab. These treatment approaches are grounded in the hypothesis that a systemic failure in clearing Aβ contributes to the initiation and progression of AD. Recently, aducanumab and lecanemab have received FDA approval for the treatment of AD with mild cognitive impairment. This review offers a comprehensive summation of recent research endeavors that delve into the therapeutic effects and clinical trial outcomes of aducanumab and lecanemab in individuals afflicted by AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":72829,"journal":{"name":"Discoveries (Craiova, Romania)","volume":"11 3","pages":"e173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11671221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the reporting source on Platelet Inhibition and Treatment Outcomes (PLATO) trial deaths.","authors":"Victor Serebruany, Jean-Francois Tanguay, Hector A Cabrera-Fuentes, Milana L Gurvich, Thomas Marciniak","doi":"10.15190/d.2023.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15190/d.2023.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Platelet Inhibition and Clinical Outcomes (PLATO) was a multicenter, randomized double-blind trial assessing efficacy and safety of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome. The reported mortality benefit of ticagrelor in the PLATO trial has been challenged for over decade, and never confirmed in later trials.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare if there were any differences when deaths were reported to the FDAby the sponsors or by independent Contract Research Organizations (CRO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We obtained the complete PLATO deaths dataset reported to the FDA and revealed that some events were inaccurately reported favoring ticagrelor. The entire FDA list contains precisely detailed 938 PLATO deaths. The CRO reported outcomes from the USA, Russia, Georgia, and most of Ukraine, while sites in 39 other countries were controlled by the trial sponsors. We compared vascular- (code \"11\"), non-vascular- (code \"12\"), and unknown (code \"97\") deaths triaged by the reporting source.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, most PLATO deaths were vascular (n=677), less non-vascular (n=159) andunexpectedly many of \"other\" (n=7) or \"unknown\" (n=95) origin reported either by sponsors (n=807) or CRO (n=131). The trial sponsors reported more clopidogrel deaths from vascular (313 vs.239), non-vascular (86 vs.58) and unknown (53 vs. 26) causes.In contrast, CRO-monitored sites reported significantly (72 vs. 53; p<0.01) more ticagrelordeaths than after clopidogrel from vascular (51 vs.39), non-vascular (8 vs.7) and unknown (10 vs. 4) causes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deaths were reported differently by sponsors and CRO within the same trial. Since some deaths were misreported by PLATO sponsors, only the CRO data seems mostly reliable. Among all countries, the CRO - reported PLATO-USA outcomes represent the largest and most realistic dataset of realistic evidence suggesting ticagrelor inferiority to clopidogrel for all primary endpoint components including vascular death.</p>","PeriodicalId":72829,"journal":{"name":"Discoveries (Craiova, Romania)","volume":"11 3","pages":"e174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10890813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein as a Prognostic Indicator of Cardiovascular Disease in Severe Non-Diabetic COVID-19 Patients.","authors":"Mugundhan Kandhasami,&nbsp;Subash Panchanathan,&nbsp;Jayanthi Rajendran,&nbsp;Karthik Balajee Laksham","doi":"10.15190/d.2023.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15190/d.2023.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The long-term extrapulmonary sequelae of COVID-19 after recovery from the critical stage at the intensive care unit (ICU) are still unclear. Some post-COVID symptoms are prevalent even after a one-year follow-up. To explore the relationship between high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and hyperglycemia with cardiovascular diseases in non-diabetic COVID-19 patients. To determine whether increased fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels are associated with elevated hs-CRP and to explore whether hs-CRP can serve as a prognostic indicator to predict cardiovascular outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>FBS and hs-CRP values of 26 non-diabetic COVID-19 patients were collected from their medical records at JIPMER hospital. In one-year follow-up of these 26 patients, 2mL of blood sample was collected for the analysis of FBS, HbA1c, and hs-CRP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>hs-CRP increased in 23% of follow-up patients who were at high risk, and 42.3% of participants were at average risk for cardiovascular disease. High and average-risk groups of survivors showed a positive correlation of hs-CRP with FBS and HbA1c levels, and these patients should be carefully monitored.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ICU survivors with elevated hs-CRP need periodic check-ups for cardiovascular diseases. We suggest that hs-CRP could be used as an early prognostic indicator of cardiovascular diseases and can reduce the risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":72829,"journal":{"name":"Discoveries (Craiova, Romania)","volume":"11 3","pages":"e172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10515116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41159136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac Involvement in Monkeypox Outbreak.","authors":"Muhammad Romail Manan, Iqra Nawaz, Fatima Zafar, Hamna Manan, Yashfa Nawaz","doi":"10.15190/d.2023.10","DOIUrl":"10.15190/d.2023.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Unusual presentations and uncommon clinical manifestations of Monkeypox (Mpox) in the current outbreak highlight the need to focus on cardiac symptoms of the virus. Owing to limited discussion regarding cardiac involvement in recent cases of Mpox, we conducted a scoping review to determine the range of existing research and provide a descriptive overview of the current literature on these manifestations. This review was conducted using a previously developed six-stage methodological approach and keeping in view the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Records retrieved from PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar, using a two-step search strategy, were subjected to title and abstract screening, followed by full text screening of remaining articles against specified eligibility criteria. Relevant information was extracted and summarized. Our search yielded 707 records. Following title and abstract screening, 23 articles were retrieved for full text screening. Finally, a total of nine articles were included in this review (three case series and six case reports discussing a total of 13 patients). Myocarditis was identified as the most frequently reported cardiac manifestation of Mpox. Novel clinical presentations included pharyngitis, sore throat, proctalgia, and perianal irritation. Most patients reported chest pain as the primary symptom of cardiac system involvement. Elevated troponin was the most commonly reported investigation finding followed by an elevated C- Reactive Protein. There exists a lack of high-quality studies investigating cardiac system involvement in the current outbreak of Mpox. More information is needed regarding risk factors for cardiac complications, disease progression, and cardio tropism and immunological response to improve preventive/therapeutic strategies. We highlight the paucity of relevant data and call for further discussion to improve the understanding of cardiac manifestations of Mpox. This scoping review sheds light on the underexplored cardiac manifestations of Mpox and highlights the need for heightened awareness of cardiac symptoms in the current outbreak.</p>","PeriodicalId":72829,"journal":{"name":"Discoveries (Craiova, Romania)","volume":"11 3","pages":"e171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10518651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41175888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS): an unusual manifestation of multi-visceral abnormalities and long-term outcome.","authors":"Kinal Paresh Bhatt,&nbsp;Fahed Alsoud,&nbsp;Adesh Prashad,&nbsp;Jose Ortega-Tola,&nbsp;Virendra Ravat Singh,&nbsp;Pooja Patel,&nbsp;George Michel","doi":"10.15190/d.2023.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15190/d.2023.9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), also known as drug induced hypersensitivity (DiHS) is a rare, however a severe hypersensitivity reaction with a mortality rate of up to 10%, accounting for 10 to 20% of all cutaneous drug reactions in hospitalized patients. The clinical features of DRESS/DiHS may be challenging to recognize and diagnose, since they are delayed, stepwise, and heterogeneous. The classic presentation of DRRSS/DiHS involves a combination of cutaneous, hematologic, and internal organ involvement with a 2 to 8 weeks latency between drug exposure and the onset of symptoms. Finding the culprit drug in our case was difficult as the patient was taking multiple antibiotics. Drugs such as vancomycin and cefepime used before the rash outbreak for post-reconstructive surgery for left toal knee arthroplasty (TKA) approximately four weeks before the onset of the rash are likely offending agents. This patient also had multi-visceral involvement with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms. The current treatment guidelines for DRESS/DiHS are primarily based on expert opinion, as no randomized control trials exist. After the prompt withdrawal of the offending drug, systemic corticosteroids seem to have shown the best outcome for patients. Delaying discontinuing offending medications and initiating corticosteroid treatment may lead to poor results. The present case emphasizes that the close observation of patients with drug eruption induced by antibiotics is imperative. Primary care team should be able to promptly diagnose patients with DRESS syndrome, detect causative drug, and play a crucial role in the timely evaluation and treatment to reduce mortality rate. The later phase disease relapse or autoimmune complications may occur up to 5 years following the initial presentation. Therefore, we advised the patient to have an outpatient follow up for appropriate testing, including but not limited to genetic susceptibility due to the high risk of relapse and emerging risk of autoimmune diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":72829,"journal":{"name":"Discoveries (Craiova, Romania)","volume":"11 1","pages":"e170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10482497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10297432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the oral microbiome: an updated multidisciplinary oral healthcare perspective.","authors":"Aman Chowdhry,&nbsp;Priyanka Kapoor,&nbsp;Deepak Bhargava,&nbsp;Dinesh Kumar Bagga","doi":"10.15190/d.2023.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15190/d.2023.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The oral cavity is home to diverse microbial content, collectively called as the oral microbiome. The latest technological advancements have unraveled the intricacies of the oral microbiome.  It can be of great importance for oral health care givers to know the fundamentals and latest developments in the field of the oral microbiome, as oral dysbiosis is associated with many common diseases frequently seen and managed by them. These diseases include dental caries, periodontitis, mucosal diseases (such as oral leukoplakia, oral lichen planus, and systemic lupus erythematosus), oral cancers, and even co-infections related to the current COVID-19 pandemic. The emergence of new genomic and molecular biology methodologies has been pivotal for understanding the role of the human microbiome in health and disease. The current review compiles oral microbiome in health and disease with a multidisciplinary dental approach. The insight into the oral microbiome, which is provided dental specialty wise in the current article will initiate and guide researchers of various disciplines in developing microbiome-based therapeutic or prophylactic management strategies, managing public health challenges by microbiome-based boarder interventions and divert resources for preserving and achieving a balanced oral microbiome.</p>","PeriodicalId":72829,"journal":{"name":"Discoveries (Craiova, Romania)","volume":"11 2","pages":"e165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10406501/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10019426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunotherapy as a Turning Point in the Treatment of Melanoma Brain Metastases.","authors":"Gil Nuno Castro Fernandes","doi":"10.15190/d.2023.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15190/d.2023.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incidence of tumor metastases in the brain is many times more frequent than primary brain tumors, affecting a very large share of patients suffering from systemic cancer. Advanced malignant melanoma is well known for its ability to invade the brain space and current treatment options, such as surgery and radiation therapy, are not very efficient and cause notable complications and morbidity. The aim of this review is to explore the recent advances and future potential of using immunotherapy in the treatment of melanoma brain metastases. Several FDA approved immunotherapeutic drugs have shown to be able to at least double the overall survival rates in such patients. Clinical trials of varying phases are underway and available results are promising, significantly prolonging survival rates in patients with previously untreated melanoma brain metastases. Nevertheless, not all patients respond to these immunotherapies, facing a high percentage of resistant cases, without yet knowing the mechanisms and causes of resistance behind. Also, at the time of immunotherapy, a small percentage of patients is affected by pseudoprogression, which can be difficult to distinguish from true progression given the similarity of symptoms. Therefore, there is a pressing need for future research about treatment effectiveness in patients with brain metastases from melanoma, including outcomes from the perspective of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":72829,"journal":{"name":"Discoveries (Craiova, Romania)","volume":"11 2","pages":"e169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10425169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10068887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Oral CGRP Receptor Antagonist Atogepant in the Prevention of Migraine.","authors":"Selia Chowdhury,&nbsp;Tirth Dave","doi":"10.15190/d.2023.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15190/d.2023.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advancements in molecular biology and neuroscience have uncovered calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a neuropeptide consisting of thirty-seven amino acids that plays a crucial role in migraine pathogenesis. CGRP receptor antagonist or gepant is an oral medication that can impede the nociceptive signaling pathway related to CGRP. Atogepant, the latest CGRP antagonist approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for prophylaxis of episodic migraine, works by non-competitively blocking CGRP receptors, thereby curtailing neurogenic inflammation and pain sensitization. Numerous trials have demonstrated that atogepant is an effective therapy for migraine prevention, with its extended half-life and minimal risks of cardiovascular or liver toxicity making it the first drug in its class primarily authorized for that purpose. In terms of monthly migraine days, monthly headache days, and acute medication usage days, atogepant demonstrated a statistically significant difference from baseline.  It was well-tolerated with low adverse event rates. The most commonly reported adverse events were constipation and nausea. Atogepant appears to be beneficial for migraine prevention, and it may be more useful in those who do not want to take the medication as an injection or who do not require a lengthy duration of pharmacological impact. In this article, we provide a systematic review of the literature on atogepant and migraine, emphasizing current achievements in this field of study.</p>","PeriodicalId":72829,"journal":{"name":"Discoveries (Craiova, Romania)","volume":"11 2","pages":"e167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10411686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9981669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}