Discover mental health最新文献_第6页

Using machine learning to mine mental health diagnostic groups from emergency department presentations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. 在新冠肺炎大流行之前和期间，使用机器学习从急诊科的演示中挖掘心理健康诊断组。

Discover mental health Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00047-0

Carly Hudson, Grace Branjerdporn, Ian Hughes, James Todd, Candice Bowman, Marcus Randall, Nicolas J C Stapelberg

{"title":"Using machine learning to mine mental health diagnostic groups from emergency department presentations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Carly Hudson, Grace Branjerdporn, Ian Hughes, James Todd, Candice Bowman, Marcus Randall, Nicolas J C Stapelberg","doi":"10.1007/s44192-023-00047-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-023-00047-0","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound negative effect on mental health worldwide. The hospital emergency department plays a pivotal role in responding to mental health crises. Understanding data trends relating to hospital emergency department usage is beneficial for service planning, particularly around preparing for future pandemics. Machine learning has been used to mine large volumes of unstructured data to extract meaningful data in relation to mental health presentations. This study aims to analyse trends in five mental health-related presentations to an emergency department before and during, the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: Data from 690,514 presentations to two Australian, public hospital emergency departments between April 2019 to February 2022 were assessed. A machine learning-based framework, Mining Emergency Department Records, Evolutionary Algorithm Data Search (MEDREADS), was used to identify suicidality, psychosis, mania, eating disorder, and substance use.Results: While the mental health-related presentations to the emergency department increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-pandemic levels, the proportion of mental health presentations relative to the total emergency department presentations decreased. Several troughs in presentation frequency were identified across the pandemic period, which occurred consistently during the public health lockdown and restriction periods.Conclusion: This study implemented novel machine learning techniques to analyse mental health presentations to an emergency department during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results inform understanding of the use of emergency mental health services during the pandemic, and highlight opportunities to further investigate patterns in presentation.","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10628018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71489565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immunoglobulin G is a natural oxytocin carrier which modulates oxytocin receptor signaling: relevance to aggressive behavior in humans 免疫球蛋白G是一种天然的催产素载体，它调节催产素受体信号:与人类的攻击行为有关

Discover mental health Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00048-z

Henning Værøy, Emilie Lahaye, Christophe Dubessy, Magalie Benard, Marion Nicol, Yamina Cherifi, Saloua Takhlidjt, Jean-Luc do Rego, Jean-Claude do Rego, Nicolas Chartrel, Sergueï O. Fetissov

{"title":"Immunoglobulin G is a natural oxytocin carrier which modulates oxytocin receptor signaling: relevance to aggressive behavior in humans","authors":"Henning Værøy, Emilie Lahaye, Christophe Dubessy, Magalie Benard, Marion Nicol, Yamina Cherifi, Saloua Takhlidjt, Jean-Luc do Rego, Jean-Claude do Rego, Nicolas Chartrel, Sergueï O. Fetissov","doi":"10.1007/s44192-023-00048-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44192-023-00048-z","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Oxytocin is a neuropeptide produced mainly in the hypothalamus and secreted in the CNS and blood. In the brain, it plays a major role in promoting social interactions. Here we show that in human plasma about 60% of oxytocin is naturally bound to IgG which modulates oxytocin receptor signaling. Further, we found that IgG of violent aggressive inmates were characterized by lower affinity for oxytocin, causing decreased oxytocin carrier capacity and reduced receptor activation as compared to men from the general population. Moreover, peripheral administration of oxytocin together with human oxytocin-reactive IgG to resident mice in a resident-intruder test, reduced c-fos activation in several brain regions involved in the regulation of aggressive/defensive behavior correlating with the attack number and duration. We conclude that IgG is a natural oxytocin carrier protein modulating oxytocin receptor signaling which can be relevant to the biological mechanisms of aggressive behavior.","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135778461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Factors associated with quality of life for cystic fibrosis family caregivers 囊性纤维化家庭照护者生活质量的相关因素

Discover mental health Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00046-1

Whitney Nesser, Scott Snyder, Kimberly A. Driscoll, Avani C. Modi

引用次数: 0

A prefrontal cortex alpha/delta switch controls the transition from positive to negative affective states. 前额叶皮层的阿尔法/德尔塔开关控制着从积极情感状态到消极情感状态的转变。

Discover mental health Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00044-3

Jeffrey S Burgdorf, Joseph R Moskal

{"title":"A prefrontal cortex alpha/delta switch controls the transition from positive to negative affective states.","authors":"Jeffrey S Burgdorf, Joseph R Moskal","doi":"10.1007/s44192-023-00044-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-023-00044-3","url":null,"abstract":"Positive and negative emotional states in rats can be studied by investigating ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs). Positive affect in rats is indexed by 50 kHz hedonic USVs, and negative affect is indexed by 22 kHz aversive calls. We examined the relationship of emotional states in rats using medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) quantitative electroencephalograms (qEEG) and found that hedonic USVs were associated with active wake qEEG (high alpha/low delta power), and aversive USVs occurred with groggy wake qEEG (low alpha/high delta). Further, alpha frequency electrical stimulation of the MPFC induces hedonic calls and reward-seeking behavior, whereas delta frequency stimulation produces aversive calls and avoidance behavior. The brain region responsible for generating motor output for USVs, the periaqueductal gray (PAG), shows a motor-evoked potential that is temporally locked to the alpha (hedonic) and delta (aversive) motor-evoked potential. Closed-loop alpha frequency electrical stimulation could prevent delta qEEG and aversive USVs. At the neuronal circuit level, the alpha rhythm was associated with synaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) in the cortex, whereas the delta rhythm was associated with synaptic depotentiation (LTD) in the cortex. At the pharmacological level, NMDAR and growth factor modulation regulated these forms of neuroplasticity. At the single neuron level, excitatory neurons show increased activity in response to alpha frequencies and decreased activity during delta frequencies. In humans, the feeling of joy increased alpha and decreased delta power in frontal scalp qEEG, and the opposite response was seen for sadness. Thus, the synchronization of alpha/delta oscillations through the neuronal circuit responsible for emotional expression coordinates emotional behavior, and the switch between active wake/positive affect and groggy wake/negative affect is under the control of an LTP- LTD synaptic plasticity mechanism.","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10564693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49685660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Focusing a realist evaluation of peer support for paediatric mental health. 关注儿童心理健康同伴支持的现实主义评估。

Discover mental health Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00045-2

Dean M Thompson, Mark Bernard, Bob Maxfield, Tanya Halsall, Jonathan Mathers

{"title":"Focusing a realist evaluation of peer support for paediatric mental health.","authors":"Dean M Thompson, Mark Bernard, Bob Maxfield, Tanya Halsall, Jonathan Mathers","doi":"10.1007/s44192-023-00045-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-023-00045-2","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Mental health problems are a leading and increasing cause of health-related burden in children across the world. Peer support interventions are increasingly used to meet this need using the lived experience of people with a history of mental health problems. However, much of the research underpinning this work has focused on adults, leaving a gap in knowledge about how these complex interventions may work for different children in different circumstances. Realist research may help us to understand how such complex interventions may trigger different mechanisms to produce different outcomes in children. This paper reports on an important first step in realist research, namely the construction of an embryonic initial programme theory to help 'focus' realist evaluation exploring how children's peer support services work in different contexts to produce different outcomes in the West Midlands (UK).Methods: A survey and preliminary semi-structured realist interviews were conducted with 10 people involved in the delivery of peer support services. Realist analysis was carried out to produce context-mechanism-outcome configurations (CMOC).Results: Analysis produced an initial programme theory of peer support for children's mental health. This included 12 CMOCs. Important outcomes identified by peer support staff included hope, service engagement, wellbeing, resilience, and confidence; each generated by different mechanisms including contextualisation of psychoeducation, navigating barriers to accessing services, validation, skill development, therapeutic relationship, empowerment, and reducing stigma.Conclusion: These data lay the groundwork for designing youth mental health realist research to evaluate with nuance the complexities of what components of peer support work for whom in varying circumstances.","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10555983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49685729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adolescents' difficulties, strengths and feelings of insecurity: a cross-sectional descriptive survey in Finland. 青少年的困难、优势和不安全感：芬兰的一项横断面描述性调查

Discover mental health Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00043-4

Pinja Kokkonen, Christina Athanasopoulou, Helena Leino-Kilpi, Pauli Puukka, Evanthia Sakellari

{"title":"Adolescents' difficulties, strengths and feelings of insecurity: a cross-sectional descriptive survey in Finland.","authors":"Pinja Kokkonen, Christina Athanasopoulou, Helena Leino-Kilpi, Pauli Puukka, Evanthia Sakellari","doi":"10.1007/s44192-023-00043-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-023-00043-4","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to describe adolescents' self-reported emotional and behavioural strengths and difficulties, as well as their insecurity feeling. In addition, the aim was to examine the association with background characteristics, and explore the association between strengths and difficulties and insecurity factors. The study was conducted among 114 secondary school pupils in Finland, using an online questionnaire. Adolescents' emotional and behavioural difficulties and strengths, were mostly classified as normal. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire total score as well as internal and external score, were inversely associated with insecurity factors. Girls had significantly higher prosocial behavior compared to boys (P = 0.0007). The age of adolescents was found to be related to their internal difficulties (P = 0.02) and prosocial behavior (P = 0.01). Adolescent's perception of their family relations as poor was associated with external difficulties (P = 0.04). The current results, can be helpful for mental health professionals who work with adolescents in order to implement appropriate and needs specific mental health promotion interventions at individual but also community level. Finally, more research is needed to validate measures for insecurity. This will support mental health professionals in their clinical practice by providing them with all the important factors needed to support adolescents.","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10501005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44438082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Whole Person Modeling: a transdisciplinary approach to mental health research. 全人模型:心理健康研究的跨学科方法。

Discover mental health Pub Date : 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00041-6

Daniel Felsky, Alyssa Cannitelli, Jon Pipitone

{"title":"Whole Person Modeling: a transdisciplinary approach to mental health research.","authors":"Daniel Felsky, Alyssa Cannitelli, Jon Pipitone","doi":"10.1007/s44192-023-00041-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-023-00041-6","url":null,"abstract":"The growing global burden of mental illness has prompted calls for innovative research strategies. Theoretical models of mental health include complex contributions of biological, psychosocial, experiential, and other environmental influences. Accordingly, neuropsychiatric research has self-organized into largely isolated disciplines working to decode each individual contribution. However, research directly modeling objective biological measurements in combination with cognitive, psychological, demographic, or other environmental measurements is only now beginning to proliferate. This review aims to (1) to describe the landscape of modern mental health research and current movement towards integrative study, (2) to provide a concrete framework for quantitative integrative research, which we call Whole Person Modeling, (3) to explore existing and emerging techniques and methods used in Whole Person Modeling, and (4) to discuss our observations about the scarcity, potential value, and untested aspects of highly transdisciplinary research in general. Whole Person Modeling studies have the potential to provide a better understanding of multilevel phenomena, deliver more accurate diagnostic and prognostic tests to aid in clinical decision making, and test long standing theoretical models of mental illness. Some current barriers to progress include challenges with interdisciplinary communication and collaboration, systemic cultural barriers to transdisciplinary career paths, technical challenges in model specification, bias, and data harmonization, and gaps in transdisciplinary educational programs. We hope to ease anxiety in the field surrounding the often mysterious and intimidating world of transdisciplinary, data-driven mental health research and provide a useful orientation for students or highly specialized researchers who are new to this area.","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138048907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interaction of the pre- and postnatal environment in the maternal immune activation model. 母体免疫激活模型中产前和产后环境的相互作用。

Discover mental health Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00042-5

Anna Gundacker, Laura Cuenca Rico, Peter Stoehrmann, Katharina E Tillmann, Ulrike Weber-Stadlbauer, Daniela D Pollak

{"title":"Interaction of the pre- and postnatal environment in the maternal immune activation model.","authors":"Anna Gundacker, Laura Cuenca Rico, Peter Stoehrmann, Katharina E Tillmann, Ulrike Weber-Stadlbauer, Daniela D Pollak","doi":"10.1007/s44192-023-00042-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-023-00042-5","url":null,"abstract":"Adverse influences during pregnancy are associated with a range of unfavorable outcomes for the developing offspring. Maternal psychosocial stress, exposure to infections and nutritional imbalances are known risk factors for neurodevelopmental derangements and according psychiatric and neurological manifestations later in offspring life. In this context, the maternal immune activation (MIA) model has been extensively used in preclinical research to study how stimulation of the maternal immune system during gestation derails the tightly coordinated sequence of fetal neurodevelopment. The ensuing consequence of MIA for offspring brain structure and function are majorly manifested in behavioral and cognitive abnormalities, phenotypically presenting during the periods of adolescence and adulthood. These observations have been interpreted within the framework of the \"double-hit-hypothesis\" suggesting that an elevated risk for neurodevelopmental disorders results from an individual being subjected to two adverse environmental influences at distinct periods of life, jointly leading to the emergence of pathology. The early postnatal period, during which the caregiving parent is the major determinant of the newborn´s environment, constitutes a window of vulnerability to external stimuli. Considering that MIA not only affects the developing fetus, but also impinges on the mother´s brain, which is in a state of heightened malleability during pregnancy, the impact of MIA on maternal brain function and behavior postpartum may importantly contribute to the detrimental consequences for her progeny. Here we review current information on the interaction between the prenatal and postnatal maternal environments in the modulation of offspring development and their relevance for the pathophysiology of the MIA model.","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138048965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Primary mental healthcare for older people in India: between stigmatization and community orientation. 印度老年人的初级精神保健:在污名化和社区取向之间

Discover mental health Pub Date : 2023-07-28 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00040-7

Tom Kafczyk, Kerstin Hämel

{"title":"Primary mental healthcare for older people in India: between stigmatization and community orientation.","authors":"Tom Kafczyk, Kerstin Hämel","doi":"10.1007/s44192-023-00040-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-023-00040-7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Questions of equitable access to primary mental healthcare (PMHC) for older persons in India have been examined mostly in terms of the coverage of services, although perceptions of mental health and old age and social norms at the community level should be considered in the shaping of PMHC approaches. The present qualitative study, therefore, examined how social perceptions and norms of mental health in old age are and should be considered in the design and implementation of primary healthcare approaches in India.Methods: A secondary thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders (n = 14) of PMHC in India was conducted.Results: Four key themes emerged from the analysis, in which social perceptions and norms were discussed: (1) family participation and low threshold access to mental healthcare, (2) the position of community health workers as an important pillar of old age and mental health-sensitive community-based care, (3) the role of social cohesion and traditional values in fostering a positive and supportive community environment for old age mental health, and (4) the empowerment of communities, families and older persons through mental health education.Conclusions: PMHC, with its focus on mental health promotion, could be an important anchor for combatting negative attitudes about mental health and old age. The findings presented in this study can inform age-sensitive policies and programmes for mental health in India and could inform future research on the subject.","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10501019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44794312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A cross-sectional study of the relationship between depression status, health care coverage, and sexual orientation. 抑郁症状况、医疗保险覆盖率和性取向之间关系的横断面研究

Discover mental health Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00039-0

Yang Liu, Megan A O'Grady

引用次数: 0