Kanwalpreet Kaur, Ravinder S Saini, Syed Altafuddin Quadri, Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira Fernandes, Anna Avetisyan, Seyed Ali Mosaddad, Artak Heboyan
{"title":"Bibliometric analysis of trends in dental management of the children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).","authors":"Kanwalpreet Kaur, Ravinder S Saini, Syed Altafuddin Quadri, Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira Fernandes, Anna Avetisyan, Seyed Ali Mosaddad, Artak Heboyan","doi":"10.1007/s44192-024-00126-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-024-00126-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to present a complete overview of the trends, difficulties, and improvements in dental treatment for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder through rigorous bibliometric analysis. The dimensional database field was chosen to enable the inclusion and recall of the greatest number of relevant entries. All peer-reviewed international journals published between 2004 and 2023 were included in this study. The sophisticated search keywords' Autistic Disorder\" OR \"Autism Spectrum Disorder\" AND \"Dental management\" were used. Studies that examined patterns and difficulties in the dental care of children with ASD were included in the inclusion and exclusion criteria for this analysis. Among the listed countries, The United States had the highest number of documents and citations. Barbara Sheller is the most cited author, followed closely by Arthur H.Friedlander, Michael E.Mahler, and John A.Yagiela. This study also revealed that most articles involved multinational collaborations, highlighting the global scope of dental research. The United States leads in terms of research output and citations, followed by India and China. Research on autism spectrum disorder has grown substantially over the past few years, and the authors recommend that future research concentrate on creating effective behavioral techniques that will assist children with autism spectrum disorder in coping with dental treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":"5 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11748633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143017427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The exploration of attitudes and perspectives of mental health workers on peer support in Singapore.","authors":"Siong Yin Chua, Karel Himawan","doi":"10.1007/s44192-024-00125-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44192-024-00125-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Using the lived experience as their expertise, peer support specialists (PSS) focus on the empowerment of individuals with mental health conditions. Despite its value, peer support services in Singapore are relatively uncommon. Perspectives from mental health workers may provide insights on targeted strategies to address the organisational changes needed for the continued growth of the lived experience workforce.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The study aims to explore the attitudes and perceptions of mental health workers regarding the benefits, challenges, and potential strategies in the implementation of peer support services across mental health settings in Singapore.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 59 responses were gathered for an online survey via convenience sampling. Descriptive statistics were generated for quantitative data, while an inductive thematic analytic method was utilised for qualitative inputs. The coding and refinement of themes were discussed between both authors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of the respondents were willing to accept PSS as a healthcare profession (72.9%), willing to work with PSS (89.8%) and perceived there should be PSS where they worked (64.4%). Key themes identified highlighted a supportive and inclusive workplace environment, the power of the lived experience, and recovery-oriented contribution as the underlying benefits and potential challenges in implementing PSS in Singapore.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Policymakers could consider funding initiatives and regulatory standards to support the implementation of PSS across mental health settings in Singapore, while organisations could implement training programmes and supervision targeted at enhancing the practice of recovery-oriented care amongst its staff.</p>","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":"5 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11707161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jasmine Joseph, Santhosh Kareepadath Rajan, N T Sudhesh, Uma Krishnan
{"title":"Web-based single session therapy training for mental health support providers: a mixed-methods evaluation study protocol.","authors":"Jasmine Joseph, Santhosh Kareepadath Rajan, N T Sudhesh, Uma Krishnan","doi":"10.1007/s44192-024-00122-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-024-00122-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing mental health needs and constrained resources in low- and middle-income countries necessitate scalable solutions. Single Session Therapy (SST) is a global trend in brief and cost-effective options for mental health interventions. It involves a single planned session between mental health service provider and client. This study aims to present a protocol to develop and evaluate a culture specific web-based training program to equip mental health support providers with the skills and confidence to deliver SST. The study protocol uses a mixed-methods evaluation design through three phases-need assessment - where psychologists and social workers collaborate to identify training needs and co-create the program; development and expert validation of the web-based training program; and randomized control trial to evaluate the training, followed by in-depth discussions with participants. This study breaks new ground by empirically designing and evaluating a training program for SST. It uniquely co-designs and validates a culturally sensitive SST training program, leveraging the expertise of a renowned international panel. This protocol goes beyond a blueprint for replicating this study, it serves as a foundational guide for nations seeking to implement effective SST training for their mental health professionals, preventing duplication of efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":"4 1","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11685363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sahar Ansari, Mohammadamin Parsaei, Ahmad Ali Noorbala, Ali-Akbar Nejatisafa, Mohammad Arbabi, Arvin Hedayati, Forouzan Elyasi, Seyedshahab Banihashem, Razieh Salehian, Marjan Shokrani, Farhad Faridhosseini, Ehsan Abedini, Maryam Rezapour, Sayedeh Elham Sharafi, Farnaz Etesam, Mehdi Nasr Esfahani, Ali Parsaei, Hossein Sanjari Moghaddam, Seyed Hamzeh Hosseini
{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors of mental health distress among hospitalized patients in general hospitals: a multi-center cross-sectional study in Iran.","authors":"Sahar Ansari, Mohammadamin Parsaei, Ahmad Ali Noorbala, Ali-Akbar Nejatisafa, Mohammad Arbabi, Arvin Hedayati, Forouzan Elyasi, Seyedshahab Banihashem, Razieh Salehian, Marjan Shokrani, Farhad Faridhosseini, Ehsan Abedini, Maryam Rezapour, Sayedeh Elham Sharafi, Farnaz Etesam, Mehdi Nasr Esfahani, Ali Parsaei, Hossein Sanjari Moghaddam, Seyed Hamzeh Hosseini","doi":"10.1007/s44192-024-00119-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-024-00119-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding the prevalence of mental distress in hospitalized patients and identifying associated factors can help reduce the burden of mental disorders on their medical management and improve their quality of life. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of mental distress among hospitalized patients in general hospitals and assess its associated factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the mental health status of inpatients in seven cities in Iran, using the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), with a total GHQ-12 score ≥ 4 or higher categorized as \"mentally distressed.\" Statistical analyses were conducted using independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and cross-tabulations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 524 patients (347 females) were assessed, with 208 (38.7%) being classified as mentally distressed. The prevalence of mental distress was significantly higher among males (52.0%) compared to females (34.0%) (p = 0.002). There were no significant differences in GHQ-12 scores among different age groups (p > 0.05). Significant differences were observed in mental health status based on job status, with retired (64.7%) and laborer (22.8%) patients showing the highest and lowest rates of mental distress, respectively (p < 0.001). Additionally, mental distress prevalence varied significantly across hospital wards, with internal medicine (47.6%) and obstetrics and gynecology (28.3%) having the highest and lowest prevalence, respectively (p = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A considerable proportion of patients hospitalized for medical reasons also experience mental distress. Various demographic factors are associated with their mental health status. This highlights the need for integrated mental health assessments alongside medical treatment to alleviate the burden of mental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":"4 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11659538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Omar Gammoh, Salam Shannag, Sereene Al-Jabari, Rama Al-Shawaheen, Saleh Bazi, Ahmed Mohammad Al-Smadi, Albara Mohammad Ali Alomari
{"title":"Addiction to smartphones in Arabs is associated with severe depressive symptoms and insomnia: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Omar Gammoh, Salam Shannag, Sereene Al-Jabari, Rama Al-Shawaheen, Saleh Bazi, Ahmed Mohammad Al-Smadi, Albara Mohammad Ali Alomari","doi":"10.1007/s44192-024-00123-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-024-00123-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Addiction to smartphones is a global issue. Mental health disturbance is an emerging factor implicated in smartphone addiction. Whether depressive symptoms and anxiety are implicated in smartphone addiction in developing countries such as Jordan is a nexus that warrants investigation. The present study investigated whether depressive symptoms and insomnia are correlated with smartphone addiction in a cohort of Jordanian participants. We adopted a cross-sectional design for a convenient sample, smartphone addiction, depressive symptoms, and insomnia were assessed using validated scales. Data analysis from 484 participants revealed that smartphone addiction was reported in 180 (37.1%) of the participants. Symptoms of severe depression and severe insomnia were reported in 174 (35.9%) and 198 (40.9%) of the participants respectively. The multivariable regression analysis showed that severe depressive symptoms and severe insomnia were significantly associated with addiction to smartphones (OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.11-2.55, p = 0.01) and (OR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.46-3.29, p < 0.001) respectively. In conclusion, poor mental health outcomes are correlated with unhealthy lifestyle habits such as addiction to smartphones, the addressing these alarming mental health symptoms is required to optimize the well-being of the community.</p>","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":"4 1","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11659563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jean d'Amour Muziki, Marie Paule Uwimbabazi, Thaoussi Uwera, Assumpta Muhayisa, Jean Mutabaruka
{"title":"The mediating role of positive feelings in the association between adaptation to disability and positive emotional well-being in a sample of students with congenital physical disabilities.","authors":"Jean d'Amour Muziki, Marie Paule Uwimbabazi, Thaoussi Uwera, Assumpta Muhayisa, Jean Mutabaruka","doi":"10.1007/s44192-024-00121-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-024-00121-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adaptation to disability (AD) is linked to positive feelings (PF) and positive emotional well-being (PEWB), while emotional suppression can improve adaptation and provide temporary PEWB but will not lead to sustainable positive mental health. This study examined whether and to what extent PF might mediate the link between AD and PEWB in a sample of students with congenital physical disabilities (CPD) in Rwanda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 46 students with CPD (21 females, i.e., 45.65% and 25 males i.e., 54.34%; mean age: M = 20 years; SD = 2.05) were administered questionnaires to assess their AD, PF, and PEWB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that PF (r = - 0.37, p < 0.05) and PEWB (r = - 0.37, p < 0.05) were significantly and negatively correlated with AD, while PF was significantly and positively correlated with PEWB (r = 0.70, p < 0.01). Results further suggested that there was a strong indirect negative relationship between AD and PEWB mediated by PF (a*b = - 0.68, Bootstrap CI95 = - 1.30 and - 0.26), with the Sobel test statistics of - 2.4131 against a significant one-tailed p-value (p < 0.01) and two-tailed p-value (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results emphasize that understanding AD and PF for students with CPD at risk of decreased PEWB could lead to suitable interventions. Also, results can be used by future researchers, policymakers, and other related institutions to understand the inner feelings of students with CPD for further support.</p>","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":"4 1","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11659543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development and validation of Believers' Death Anxiety Scale: integrating religious dimensions into death anxiety assessment.","authors":"Waqar Husain, Achraf Ammar, Khaled Trabelsi, Haitham Jahrami","doi":"10.1007/s44192-024-00120-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-024-00120-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Death anxiety has traditionally been measured without considering religious beliefs related to death, such as afterlife, the grave, and punishment. The present study was aimed at developing and validating a new scale to address this limitation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was carried out in four phases and recruited a total of 2250 conveniently selected participants aged 18-59. Believers' Death Anxiety Scale (BDAS) was developed and validated according to the reputed standards for scale development and validation. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. The convergent validity was established by correlating BDAS with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale. Discriminant validity was established by correlating BDAS with the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Internal consistency and reliability were assessed through Cronbach's alpha, item-total, and item-scale correlations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The BDAS consists of fifteen items distributed across five subscales: worry, terror, despair, avoidance, and thoughts. The BDAS exhibited a strong factor structure, with five distinct factors consistently exceeding acceptable factor loadings. Convergent validity was confirmed through positive correlations with depression, anxiety, and stress, while discriminant validity was demonstrated through a significant inverse correlation with life satisfaction. The scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency and reliability across all phases of testing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The BDAS emerges as a valuable and innovative instrument for researchers and practitioners seeking to comprehensively assess death anxiety, considering the often-overlooked role of religious dimensions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":"4 1","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11615169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Art therapy to control nail biting using a cognitive behavioral approach through new innovative game and animation.","authors":"Sevil Momeni Shabanı, Fatemeh Darabi, Ahad Azimi, Nazila Nejaddagar, Keyvan Vaziri, Masoud Shabani","doi":"10.1007/s44192-024-00106-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-024-00106-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nail biting is categorized as a habitual behavior, commonly observed in children and occasionally in adults. This disorder occurs unconsciously, with individuals often unaware of their behavior. Since there are physical and psychological complications and quality of life problems in nail -biting, addressing this problem is very important and there are many theories in support of art therapy including: psychodynamic; humanistic (phenomenological, gestalt, person centered); psycho-educational (behavioral, cognitive behavioral, developmental); systemic (family and group therapy); as well as integrative and eclectic approaches. Art therapy, applied through various methods, serves as a strategy for habit modification. This study evaluates the impact of art therapy as a game and animation on controlling nail biting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research was conducted as a single-group clinical trial, assessing participants before and after the intervention without a control group. The sample size was 14 participants, picked by the convenience technique. All students were referred to a counseling service center for nail-biting management. Seven girls and seven boys aged 9-12 participated in this study. Initially, the children were medically examined to confirm their physical well-being. Subsequently, assessments were made regarding parenting styles and anxiety levels, followed by baseline measurements and documentation of nail-biting frequency prior to the counseling intervention. Considering the importance of family support in empathizing with the child and the role of loneliness and anxiety in nail biting, two questionnaires (Goodenough's Draw-a-Man Test and Baumrind's Parenting Style Inventory) have been used for this study. A game and animation that increases self-awareness skills and reveals the cognitive error of the false pleasure of nail biting for the child, as well as alternative preventive behaviors are used in this study. Parents and children were then instructed as to how to use the new games and animations created for this purpose as part of the counseling sessions to address nail biting. The frequency of nail biting was monitored throughout the study, and finally, the data were subjected to a statistical analysis. It should be said that not having a control group in this research is one of the limitations of the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated a remarkable improvement in nail biting frequency following the introduction of the games, demonstrating a significant reduction in the behavior. The findings showed that the total number of times of nail biting in the group increased from 149 times a day at the beginning of the study to 20 times a day at the end of the intervention, and it actually shows an 86 percent decrease in the habit of nail biting in the group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the effectiveness of the art therapy intervention in curbing nail biting, ","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":"4 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elizaveta Berezina, Ai-Suan Lee, Colin Mathew Hugues D Gill, Jie Yun Chua
{"title":"Is a picture worth the same emotions everywhere? Validation of images from the Nencki affective picture system in Malaysia.","authors":"Elizaveta Berezina, Ai-Suan Lee, Colin Mathew Hugues D Gill, Jie Yun Chua","doi":"10.1007/s44192-024-00116-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-024-00116-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several validated image sets, such as NAPS, IAPS, GAPED, and OASIS, have been developed to elicit affective states. However, these image sets were primarily validated on Western populations within European and American contexts, and none have been fully validated in a Southeast Asian sample, where emotional restraint may also be valued similarly to the East Asian contexts. This study aimed to validate and provide norms for the Nencki Affective Picture System (NAPS; Marchewka et al., 2014) within a Malaysian sample. Subsets from the 1356 NAPS images consisting of five image categories (faces, people, objects, landscapes, animals) were presented sequentially to 409 Malaysian adults aged 18 and above, who rated images for valence, arousal and approach/avoidance on a 9-point Likert scale. Valence, arousal and approach/avoidance norms were compared against the original European sample. Malaysian men and women rated images with lower valence and motivation than Europeans, but Malaysian men showed higher arousal ratings compared to European men, while Malaysian women exhibited the opposite pattern, with lower arousal ratings than European women. A linear regression was found instead of a classic 'boomerang' shaped quadratic regression previously observed in Western samples, suggesting that emotional suppression may be at play, in line with social norms. The Malaysian normative ratings will be freely available to all researchers.</p>","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":"4 1","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Are mental dysfunctions autonomous from brain dysfunctions? A perspective from the personal/subpersonal distinction.","authors":"Marko Jurjako","doi":"10.1007/s44192-024-00117-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44192-024-00117-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite many authors in psychiatry endorsing a naturalist view of the mind, many still consider that mental dysfunctions cannot be reduced to brain dysfunctions. This paper investigates the main reasons for this view. Some arguments rely on the analogy that the mind is like software while the brain is like hardware. The analogy suggests that just as software can malfunction independently of hardware malfunctions, similarly the mind can malfunction independently of any brain malfunction. This view has been critically examined in recent literature. However, other less discussed reasons suggest that mental dysfunctions cannot be reduced to brain dysfunctions because mental dysfunctions are appropriately ascribed at the level of intentional mental states, while brain dysfunctions are solely related to abnormalities in anatomy and physiological processes. This paper questions why such a view would be upheld. The discussion is framed within the interface problem in the philosophy of cognitive science, which concerns the relationship between personal and subpersonal levels of explanation. The paper examines the view that an autonomist perspective on the personal/subpersonal distinction could justify the separation of mental dysfunctions, described in intentional terms, from brain dysfunctions, described in anatomical or physiological terms. Ultimately, the paper argues that the autonomist view cannot be upheld in psychiatry and, consequently, does not provide a principled justification for rejecting the reduction of mental dysfunctions to brain dysfunctions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72827,"journal":{"name":"Discover mental health","volume":"4 1","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}