Abdulrahman Alsheikh , Ali Alshehri , Saad Alzahrani , Anwar AlJammah , Fahad Alqahtani , Metib Alotaibi , Raed Aldahash , Amani M. Alhozali , Fahad Alsabaan , Mohammed Almehthel , Naser Aljuhani , Ali Aldabeis , Moneer Alamri , Waleed Maghawry , Naweed Alzaman , Alshaima Alshaikh , Omar M. Alnozha , Emad R Issak , Saud Alsifri
{"title":"Oral semaglutide effectiveness and safety in real world practice; The REVOLUTION study","authors":"Abdulrahman Alsheikh , Ali Alshehri , Saad Alzahrani , Anwar AlJammah , Fahad Alqahtani , Metib Alotaibi , Raed Aldahash , Amani M. Alhozali , Fahad Alsabaan , Mohammed Almehthel , Naser Aljuhani , Ali Aldabeis , Moneer Alamri , Waleed Maghawry , Naweed Alzaman , Alshaima Alshaikh , Omar M. Alnozha , Emad R Issak , Saud Alsifri","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.deman.2024.100209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>This study seeks to provide insights into the practical application and effects of oral semaglutide in Saudi T2DM patients under routine medical supervision.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The primary outcome measure was the laboratory HbA1c. Secondary measures included fasting blood glucose (FBG), weight, and hypoglycemia. All variables were checked after six months and 12 months of initiation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The analysis of this study included 245 uncontrolled (HbA1c > 7 %) T2DM patients. The mean baseline HbA1c was 10.1 % (1.2). HbA1c was reduced by an average of 3.1 % (0.8) and 3.2 % (0.8) at 6 and 12 months, respectively. The frequency of hypoglycemia events in the last three months before semaglutide was initiated was 4.4 (1.1). The frequency of hypoglycemia events in the last three months was 2.2 (0.8) and 0.7 (0.4) at 6-month and 12-month follow-up visits, respectively. The percent reduction in body mass index (BMI) was an average of 13.0 % (1.4) and 19.7 % (3.4) at six months and 12 months, respectively. Lipid profile and blood pressure were improved at six months and 12 months.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Oral semaglutide provided substantial glycemic and weight-loss benefits in adult individuals with T2DM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970624000143/pdfft?md5=94b2da85bd56858ce5bfeb30f75ce245&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970624000143-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140067375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pratibha Pereira , Jehath Syed , Sri Harsha Chalasani , Tejeswini C J , Shilpa Avarebeel , Kshama Ramesh
{"title":"Correlation of fasting C-peptide levels with abdominal adipose tissue thickness and pancreatic size amongst poorly controlled diabetic elderly patients","authors":"Pratibha Pereira , Jehath Syed , Sri Harsha Chalasani , Tejeswini C J , Shilpa Avarebeel , Kshama Ramesh","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Insulin resistance (IR) and diabetes are common chronic conditions amongst elderly patients, that may lead to increase in abdominal adipose tissue deposits and pancreatic size.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in the geriatric OPD in a tertiary care hospital for a period of six months to correlate fasting C-peptide levels, abdominal adipose tissue thickness, and pancreatic size in poorly controlled diabetic elderly patients. Diabetic elderly patients with HBA1c level >7 % were enrolled with their consent. Body mass index (BMI), fasting C-peptide, abdominal adipose tissue thickness and pancreatic size were measured using standard laboratory techniques. The data obtained were assessed categorically and represented as [n (%)]. T-test was used to compare the two groups (<em>p</em> < 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 101 patients were enrolled. The study results showed no significant correlation between subcutaneous fat and pre-peritoneal fat thickness; and fasting c-peptide levels (<em>p</em> = 0.801, <em>p</em> = 0.316). However, there was a significant correlation between the fasting c-peptide levels and pancreatic size (<em>p</em> = 0.001). It was also observed the study participants had a decreased pancreatic size, with the mean size being 4.837 cm in males, and 4.4418 cm in females.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Intra-peritoneal fat thickness and pancreatic size can be used as surrogate marker for IR along with C-peptide. All elderly with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus behaving like type 1 diabetes mellitus needs further evaluation and pathogenic process must be explored. Sarcopenic obesity evaluation must be a part of uncontrolled type diabetes mellitus management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266697062400012X/pdfft?md5=3e80eb94b7d81dd9fee42e764da4ea07&pid=1-s2.0-S266697062400012X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139822225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The efficacy of a 24-hour preoperative pause for SGLT2-inhibitors in type II diabetes patients undergoing bariatric surgery to mitigate euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis","authors":"Samer Younes","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The case emphasizes the risk of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) after bariatric surgery and SGLT2 inhibitor use, highlighting the importance of patient education and healthcare provider monitoring. Potential causes include increased urinary glucose excretion from SGLT2 inhibitors, reduced carbohydrate intake post-surgery, and possible insulin discontinuation effects. The current recommendation from AACE to discontinue SGLT2 inhibitors 24 h before surgery may require additional research to determine the optimal timing of discontinuation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970624000064/pdfft?md5=3808f245b626705f75d58c6562d8d766&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970624000064-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139638009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Bender , M.H. Jensen , S.B. Skindbjerg , A. Nielsen , C. Feldthaus , S. Hangaard , L.A. Hasselbalch , M. Madsen , O. Hejlesen , S.L. Cichosz
{"title":"Impact of Sten-O Starter on Glycemic Management in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes in the North Region of Denmark","authors":"C. Bender , M.H. Jensen , S.B. Skindbjerg , A. Nielsen , C. Feldthaus , S. Hangaard , L.A. Hasselbalch , M. Madsen , O. Hejlesen , S.L. Cichosz","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Educational material on type 1 diabetes (T1D) is limited. An educational application named Sten-O Starter has been implemented for children and adolescents with T1D and their parents; however, its effect on glycemic management is unknown. The objective was therefore to examine the clinical impact of the Sten-O Starter on glycemic management among children and adolescents with T1D.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at 0–12 months after diagnosis were compared between two cohorts (the intervention received Sten-O Starter and the control received usual care). A mixed model of repeated measurements adjusted for age, sex, and HbA1c at diagnosis was used. A subgroup analysis of the cohorts was performed in which the time in range, time above range, and time below range (TBR) were compared at 6 months and 12 months after diagnosis using the Wilcoxon rank sum test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>181 children and adolescents were included and all HbA1c measurements from the time of diagnosis to 12-month follow-up: No significant difference (<em>p</em> = 0.35) was found in HbA1c changes between the cohorts. However, the difference in median HbA1c at the 12-month follow-up between the intervention cohort and the control cohort (50 mmol/mol vs. 54 mmol/mol) was borderline significant (<em>p</em> = 0.059). A subgroup analysis of 30 children and adolescents revealed that TBR was significantly different (intervention: 1.2 % vs control: 2.6 %; <em>p</em> = 0.02) at 6 months and at 12 months (intervention: 1 % vs control; 2 %; <em>p</em> = 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results indicate improved glycemic management among children and adolescents with T1D after use of the Sten-O Starter.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970624000052/pdfft?md5=78225e962fd0c9873d3318d1a85af450&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970624000052-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139636490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamid Reza Salimi , Mark D. Griffiths , Zainab Alimoradi
{"title":"Prevalence of anxiety and depression among pregnant women with diabetes and their predictors","authors":"Hamid Reza Salimi , Mark D. Griffiths , Zainab Alimoradi","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.deman.2024.100198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Addressing mental health of diabetic pregnant women is important as it might increase the chance of obstetric complications, preterm birth, and neonatal complications.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>The present study investigated the prevalence of anxiety and depression among pregnant women with diabetes and their predictors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023. The sample comprised 350 pregnant women with diabetes (pre-pregnancy or gestational) referred to comprehensive health centers in Qazvin Province, Iran. Fertility and demographic characteristics, anxiety, depression, partner social support, self-efficacy, medication adherence, and fear of hypoglycemia were assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the sample, 28.9 % had pre-pregnancy diabetes and 71.1 % had gestational diabetes. Anxiety and depression were reported by 74.9 % and 79.4 % of all participants (significantly higher among those with pre-existing diabetes compared to gestational diabetes). Self-efficacy (OR: 0.91 [95 % CI: 0.86; 0.96]) and spouse's social support (OR: 0.68 [95 % CI: 0.56; 0.82]) were significant predictors of abnormal anxiety. Fear of hypoglycemia (OR: 1.06 [95 % CI: 1.02; 1.09]), medication adherence (OR: 1.05 [95 % CI: 1.01; 1.09]), self-efficacy (OR: 0.86 [95 % CI: 0.82; 0.91]), partner social support (OR: 0.62 [95 % CI: 0.49; 0.78]), diabetes type (pregnancy vs. pre-pregnancy diabetes; OR: 0.26 [95 % CI: 0.09; 0.77]), perceived family economic status (fair vs. good; OR: 3.08 [95 % CI: 1.12; 8.49]), and diabetes treatment (insulin vs. diet; OR: 0.21 [95 % CI: 0.08; 0.55]) were significant predictors of abnormal depression.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Diabetic pregnant women should be evaluated for anxiety and depression during their prenatal visit. Improving self-efficacy, increasing medication adherence, reducing the fear of hypoglycemia, and improving the spouse's social support might all be helpful in reducing anxiety and depression among pregnant women with diabetes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970624000039/pdfft?md5=5a940c40ff9e60080f5d645b93b57421&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970624000039-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139493834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Paradoxical real-life underuse of GLP-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","authors":"André J. Scheen","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.deman.2024.100197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) reduce the risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in placebo-controlled CV outcome trials, yet the use of these cardioprotective agents remains rather low in clinical practice.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Analysis of the proportion of T2DM patients treated with GLP-1RAs in retrospective observational studies by comparing patients with versus without established ASCVD.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Nine cohorts from seven studies were collected in the international literature between 2019 and 2022. Overall, the percentages of patients treated with GLP-1RAs were low (< 10 %) in most studies, yet a progressive increase was noticed over time. The use of GLP-1RAs in patients with ASCVD was slightly lower in 7 out of 9 cohorts not higher when compared to the use in patients without ASCVD (odds ratio 0.80, 95 % CI 0.79–0.81).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Despite a positive trend over the last decade, the real-world use of GLP-1RAs remains limited, especially in patients with established ASCVD. Bridging the gap between clinical evidence of cardioprotective effects of GLP-1RAs and their underuse in clinical practice in T2DM patients at high/very high CV risk should be considered as a key objective for health care providers, especially cardiologists.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970624000027/pdfft?md5=5e80426d3bcd7892020ab00db2400be9&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970624000027-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139493833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“One-size-doesn't-fit-all” approach to diabetes prevention through lifestyle interventions","authors":"Sathish Thirunavukkarasu","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.deman.2024.100199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970624000040/pdfft?md5=cdfd1623554f62387b93dfbd565497b0&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970624000040-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139493832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katarina Q. Watson , Akshaya Kannan , Nasim C. Sobhani
{"title":"Impact of timing of delivery for type 2 diabetes on perinatal outcomes","authors":"Katarina Q. Watson , Akshaya Kannan , Nasim C. Sobhani","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2024.100196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>To compare obstetric and neonatal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who had scheduled delivery at full term (≥ 39 0/7 weeks) compared to early term (37 0/7 – 38 6/7 weeks) for T2DM indications.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was a retrospective cohort study that included all singletons with T2DM with a scheduled delivery at a single tertiary care center between January 2008 and March 2022. Outcomes were compared using Fisher's exact test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>107 singleton pregnancies were included. There was no significant difference in primary cesarean delivery between the two groups. The early term group had significantly higher rates of NICU admission compared to the term group (52% vs 32%, <em>p</em> = 0.05, OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.0–5.0), a finding that remained statistically significant on adjusted analysis (adjusted OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.04–7.58).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In singleton pregnancies undergoing scheduled delivery for T2DM-specific indications, early term deliveries were associated with significantly increased odds of NICU admission when compared to term deliveries, even after adjusting for surrogate markers of glycemic control. These findings suggest that early term delivery contributes to risk of NICU admission, rather than the indication for delivery itself. These findings should be replicated in a larger cohort.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970624000015/pdfft?md5=54b12b6dc4f2e8f16add805a991de305&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970624000015-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139458272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predictive modeling for the development of diabetes mellitus using key factors in various machine learning approaches","authors":"Marenao Tanaka , Yukinori Akiyama , Kazuma Mori , Itaru Hosaka , Kenichi Kato , Keisuke Endo , Toshifumi Ogawa , Tatsuya Sato , Toru Suzuki , Toshiyuki Yano , Hirofumi Ohnishi , Nagisa Hanawa , Masato Furuhashi","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2023.100191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2023.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>Machine learning (ML) approaches are beneficial when automatic identification of relevant features among numerous candidates is desired. We investigated the predictive ability of several ML models for new onset of diabetes mellitus.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In 10,248 subjects who received annual health examinations, 58 candidates including fatty liver index (FLI), which is calculated by using waist circumference, body mass index and levels of triglycerides and γ-glutamyl transferase, were used.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>During a 10-year follow-up period (mean period: 6.9 years), 322 subjects (6.5 %) in the training group (70 %, n=7,173) and 127 subjects (6.2 %) in the test group (30 %, n=3,075) had new onset of diabetes mellitus. Hemoglobin A1c, fasting glucose and FLI were identified as the top 3 predictors by random forest feature selection with 10-fold cross-validation. When hemoglobin A1c and FLI were used as the selected features, C-statistics analogous in receiver operating characteristic curve analysis in ML models including logistic regression, naïve Bayes, extreme gradient boosting and artificial neural network were 0.874, 0.869, 0.856 and 0.869, respectively. There was no significant difference in the discriminatory capacity among the ML models.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>ML models incorporating hemoglobin A1c and FLI provide an accurate and straightforward approach for predicting the development of diabetes mellitus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666970623000707/pdfft?md5=29183cb351f691865659fdb42480574b&pid=1-s2.0-S2666970623000707-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139013967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}