Diabetes epidemiology and management最新文献

{"title":"Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) use in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 is associated with higher healthcare costs, increased hospitalizations, and social disparities in a real-world setting: Analysis of adoption pattern, impact on health services utilization and cost of care in a large integrated health system","authors":"Ameer Khowaja ,&nbsp;Lina Adil ,&nbsp;Teigan Dwyer ,&nbsp;Tyson Barrett ,&nbsp;Jamil Alkhaddo","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>With the rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM type 1), continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has emerged as a key management tool. While studies suggest CGM improves glycemic control, its broader impact on healthcare utilization and costs remains limited. This study evaluates demographic and clinical variations between DM type 1 patients using CGM and non-CGM users; assessing healthcare utilization, glycemic outcomes, costs and impact on Durable Medical Equipment (DME).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using health insurance claims and electronic medical records from Allegheny Health Network (AHN) from 2019 to 2021. Patient eligibility required 36 months of continuous medical and drug coverage; insulin use and AHN affiliation. The cohort included 3007 patients, divided into CGM users and non-users. Additionally, patient data was stratified by demographics, social vulnerability index (SVI), healthcare use by per member per month (PMPM) and 1000 person-months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CGM users had higher PMPM and utilization/1000 for all service types, except for DME, when compared to non-CGM users. There was a progressive increase in the cost of prescriptions among CGM users (prescription PMPM, 2019: $621.33, 2020: $723.97, 2021: $851.39). Non-CGM users had greater prescription-related expenses, comprising 43 % of total costs but a higher likelihood of achieving an HbA1c &lt;9.0. Number of hospitalizations was significantly higher among CGM users compared to non-CGM users (18.4 % vs. 10.55 %, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). CGM use was more common among non-Caucasian, non-English-speaking, and tobacco-using groups but declined with increasing SVI. CGM users had higher rates of frailty, depression, congestive heart failure and seizures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights the complexity of CGM uptake and its impact on healthcare costs in DM type 1 patients. Increased healthcare spending associated with CGM use raises concerns about cost-effectiveness and accessibility. Further studies are needed to assess disparities in CGM utilization and diabetes management including diabetes-related complications and associated costs across varying demographics and socioeconomic groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and COVID-19 outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients: A population-based cohort study","authors":"Cerina Dubois ,&nbsp;Jasjeet K Minhas-Sandhu ,&nbsp;Wajd Alkabbani ,&nbsp;Jason R.B. Dyck ,&nbsp;Dean T. Eurich","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (SGLT-2i) have been suggested to be beneficial in the management of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, animal and clinical data have been inconsistent. The objective of this study was to assess the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and poor COVID-19-related outcomes associated with SGLT-2i use in patients with type 2 diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a comparative population-based retrospective cohort study on new users of SGLT-2i or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (DPP-4i) from January 1, 2012 to March 31, 2021 in Alberta, Canada. We assessed: 1) presence of a positive COVID-19 test (or seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2); 2) an all-cause event around positive COVID-19 test (hospital admission, emergency department visit, death); and 3) a COVID-19-specific-event(hospital admission, emergency department visit, death) around positive COVID-19 test. We estimated the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% Confidence interval (CI) using a conditional Cox proportional hazard regression after 1:1 high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) matching.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 37,079 SGLT-2i and 39,053 DPP-4i users (30,433 matched pairs). After adjustment, compared to DPP-4i, SGLT-2i use was minimally associated with a positive COVID-19 test [HR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.02–1.49]. Results were statistically significant across secondary cohort comparators for the risk of a COVID-19-positive test. SGLT-2i was also associated with a higher risk in a COVID-19-specific event [HR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.12–2.45] compared to DPP-4i.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SGLT-2i may be associated with a modest increase in positive COVID-19 tests across all compactors and COVID-19-specific events compared to DPP-4i among adults with type 2 diabetes. However, the clinical impact of this finding is uncertain. There is a need for further prospective studies to assess the relationship between SGLT-2i use and COVID-19-related outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100273"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of dietary patterns with anxiety, depression, and stress in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Sajedeh sadat moghaddam ,&nbsp;Fateme Cheshmi ,&nbsp;Narges Shahnazi ,&nbsp;Poorya Basafa-Roodi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hasan Sohouli ,&nbsp;Marzie Zilaee","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>psychiatric problems such as depression, anxiety, and stress are common among patients with type 2 diabetes. Dietary patterns are more likely to have an essential role in the control of diabetes and its complications.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study was conducted to assess the associations between dietary patterns with psychological parameters, and fasting blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study involved 419 men and women with type 2 diabetes aged between 25–50 years old from five health centers in Arak City, Iran. Anthropometric indices and fasting blood sugar were measured and a 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was collected for the extraction of main dietary patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>We found that adhering to a healthy dietary pattern was associated with a lower risk to stress (odds ratio: 0.31, 95% confidence interval: 0.13-0.72 P-trend= 0.002) while adhering to a western dietary pattern linked to higher fasting blood glucose (odds ratio: 2.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.00-5.06 P-trend= 0.039) after taking into account for confounding factors by ANCOVA. We found no significant correlation between the dietary patterns and both anxiety and depression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It seems that in patients with type 2 diabetes, following a healthy dietary pattern is more likely to inversely associated with the risk of stress and hyperglycemia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144297589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes in patients with incident acute myocardial infarction: characteristics, frequency, treatment and complications in a population-based sample","authors":"Timo Schmitz ,&nbsp;Simone Fischer ,&nbsp;Philip Raake ,&nbsp;Jakob Linseisen ,&nbsp;Christine Meisinger","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate predictors of a diabetes diagnosis after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to examine characteristics, preventive measures, treatment and complications of diabetic AMI patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>AMI patients registered by the Myocardial Infarction Registry Augsburg between 2017 and 2019 (<em>n</em> = 1.712) received a postal questionnaire in 2023 with questions on diabetes status, diabetes care and diabetes related complications (response: 50.1 %). Logistic regression models were calculated to identify predictors related to a subsequent diabetes diagnosis after first-time AMI. For diabetic patients, important characteristics of diabetes care and the frequency of complications were examined. Additionally, it was examined which diabetic AMI patients were aware of the interconnection between diabetes and AMI.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 200 patients (27.4 %) that responded to the survey had diabetes, 40 of them received the diagnosis after first-time hospitalized AMI. Body mass index (BMI) [OR: 1.13 [1.05–1.21], p value: 0.001] and blood glucose levels [OR: 1.01 [1.00–1.02], p value: 0.007] at hospital admission were independent predictors of a diagnosis of diabetes during follow-up. Three quarters of diabetic AMI patients knew their current HbA1c value (median 6.9 %; IQR: 6.2–7.4 %). Only 40 (23 %) patients with diabetes were aware of the interconnection between diabetes and AMI.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>BMI and admission blood glucose were predictors of diabetes after AMI. Based on HbA1c values, overall glycemic control needs improvements in many patients. Less than a quarter of diabetic AMI patients were aware of the relationship between diabetes and AMI which emphasizes the need for specific education of these patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on the impact of oral health on fasting blood sugar levels in diabetic individuals","authors":"Shu Yuan ,&nbsp;Zi-Lin Li ,&nbsp;Jing Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100271","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of oral health on fasting blood sugar levels in diabetic individuals: insights from the PERSIAN Guilan cohort study","authors":"Amir Valaei-Barhagh ,&nbsp;Mohammad Samami ,&nbsp;Farahnaz Joukar ,&nbsp;Soheil Hassanipour ,&nbsp;Saqar Zaker ,&nbsp;Maryam Rabiei ,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Naghipour ,&nbsp;Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Managing diabetes and its complications is a global health priority. Inflammation exacerbates diabetes and contributes to complications such as periodontitis. This study investigates the impact of oral hygiene practices on fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels in diabetic individuals, focusing on the role of inflammation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 2365 diabetic participants without dentures in the PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study. Oral health variables included tooth brushing frequency, flossing, mouthwash usage, and DMFT scores. Diabetes status was classified based on FBS test results and/or self-report of physician-diagnosed diabetes and/or hypoglycemic drug use. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and linear regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Diabetic individuals who did not brush their teeth had significantly higher FBS levels (mean FBS: 153.82 mg/dL) compared to those brushing once daily (138.48 mg/dL, <em>p</em> = 0.006). A lower frequency of tooth brushing was associated with higher FBS levels (β = -2.994, <em>p</em> = 0.017). The DMFT score was positively correlated with FBS (Pearson correlation = 0.057, <em>p</em> = 0.005). Flossing and mouthwash usage were not significantly associated with FBS levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Enhancing oral health is particularly crucial for individuals with diabetes, as it can lead to improved glycemic control. However, it is essential to interpret these findings with caution due to the potential influence of confounding factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregiver knowledge of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia management in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes","authors":"Matthew Feldman ,&nbsp;Grace PS Kwong ,&nbsp;Josephine Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the current knowledge of the assessment and management of acute diabetes-related complications including severe hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) among caregivers of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey was completed at a tertiary care pediatric hospital diabetes clinic from November 2021 to July 2022. Data was analyzed from all completed survey responses and included both Likert and evaluation-style questions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 152 surveys were collected and 96 were included in the analysis. Caregiver knowledge on management of hypoglycemia was significantly better than their knowledge on hyperglycemia management (median score 100 % vs 60 %, p-value &lt;0.001). There was no difference in caregiver knowledge around assessment of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia (median score 88.9 % vs 88.9 %, p-value 0.909). There was no significant difference in overall knowledge as determined by percentage of questions correct between those on different blood glucose monitors (p-value 0.184) or whether the parent/caregiver or the patient were primarily responsible for T1D management (p-value 0.964). There was no difference in total score by management type when adjusted using the Bonferroni method. There was also no significant interaction by level of caregiver involvement.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Caregiver knowledge of management of hypoglycemia was significantly better than their knowledge of management of hyperglycemia in pediatric T1D. Blood glucose monitoring or T1D management type was not found to be associated with any differences in caregiver knowledge in the assessment or management of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of various psychotic disorders among patients with type 2 diabetes: Real-world evidence from Shanghai, China","authors":"Yunxi Ji ,&nbsp;Ping He ,&nbsp;Yingxia Zhou ,&nbsp;Huayan Yao ,&nbsp;Yanbin Xue ,&nbsp;Renjie Jing ,&nbsp;Tingyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Wen Sun ,&nbsp;Ping Lu ,&nbsp;Bin Cui ,&nbsp;Weiqing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that significantly impacts psychotic health, leading to increased incidence and mortality. We aim to explore the status of patients with T2DM and the issue of comorbid psychotic disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Our study estimated the characteristics of 836,120 patients with T2DM from 2019 to 2023 based on electronic health records from the Shanghai Link Database (SHLD). We calculated the prevalence of the four major psychotic disorders in patients with T2DM, including depression, anxiety, dementia, and schizophrenia. The data was also stratified by age, sex, and other factors. Additionally, the association between diabetes complications and various psychotic disorders was investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We observed that the age group of 55-80 counted for about 68.15% of the total population with T2DM. There were more male patients with T2DM than females, but females exhibited a higher overall prevalence of psychotic disorders compared to males. For patients with T2DM, anxiety had the highest prevalence (3.97%), followed by depression (2.33%), dementia (2.04%), and schizophrenia (0.16%). There was a significant relationship between psychotic disorders and various diabetes complications.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The high prevalence of psychotic disorders among patients with T2DM highlights the importance of considering the impact of their comorbid psychotic illnesses when treating T2DM. Developing high-quality diabetes healthcare and implementing targeted treatment and management plans are essential in addressing these issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rise in incidence of pediatric type 2 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic and the virus as a potential causative factor","authors":"Andrew Kanouse ,&nbsp;Joanna S. Fishbein ,&nbsp;Parissa Salemi","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The prevalence of type 2 diabetes continues to rise across multiple demographics but there was an especially large increase in incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic. A pre-existing diagnosis of type 2 diabetes is generally associated with more difficulties with viral infections, as seen with COVID-19, but it is less clear if a reverse causal association exists between the development of type 2 diabetes and infection with the COVID-19 virus. Our aim was to determine if an association exists between the COVID-19 virus and new diagnoses of pediatric type 2 diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined 130 new patients in our pediatric endocrinology practice diagnosed with type 2 diabetes immediately before and just after the emergence of the pandemic to determine if there was a change in presenting characteristics between these two periods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our data showed an increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001) and a lower mean presenting age (<em>p</em> = 0.03) during the COVID-19 pandemic without differences in other parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We believe these results suggest that the development of type 2 diabetes following COVID-19 infection is due to mechanisms inherent to the virus itself and that younger patients are especially at an increased risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of diabetes-related sarcopenia and its defining components within primary care: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Rubén Silva-Tinoco ,&nbsp;Lilia Castillo-Martínez ,&nbsp;Berenice Cabrera-Victoria ,&nbsp;Eileen Guzmán-Olvera ,&nbsp;Christian Hinojosa-Segura ,&nbsp;Alejandro Avalos-Bracho ,&nbsp;Cira Santillán-Díaz","doi":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.deman.2025.100252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetes-related sarcopenia is a significant contributor to the global prevalence of sarcopenia. Both conditions become more prevalent with age and amplify the risk of adverse outcomes. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of sarcopenia and at-risk morphofunctional (MF) phenotypes and to identify the factors associated in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), including non-elderly adults, in primary care settings</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 261 individuals managed in primary care units in Mexico City, between July 2022 and May 2024. Assessments followed the guidelines of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older Adults (EWGSOP2) to identify isolated low muscle mass, low muscle strength, and sarcopenia or severe sarcopenia</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of the participants (57.1 % female) was 51.1 ± 12.1 years, with a median diabetes duration of 7 (1–15) years. An altered MF assessment was observed in 159 participants, with 14.1 % exhibiting sarcopenia, 5.4 % isolated low muscle strength, and 41.4 % isolated low muscle mass. Univariate logistic regression analysis identified that age, educational level, diabetes duration, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, fat mass, use, and insulin dose were associated with altered MF assessment. Multivariable analyses showed that hip circumference and hypertriglyceridemia were associated with a lower risk of altered MF assessment, whereas the interactions between age and fat mass increased the risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This primary care study, which included elderly and non-elderly adults with T2D, revealed a relatively high prevalence of altered MF assessments, including sarcopenia, low muscle strength, and low muscle mass. Early recognition of sarcopenia spectrum disorders is essential for the timely prevention of adverse outcomes related to diabetic sarcopenia in primary care settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72796,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes epidemiology and management","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}