Development & reproduction最新文献

{"title":"Expressional Alternation of 5α-Reductase Type I, P450 Aromatase, and Androgen and Estrogen Receptors in the Mouse Testis Induced by the Lipectomy of the Epididymal Fat at Different Postnatal Ages.","authors":"Yong-Seung Lee, Ki-Ho Lee","doi":"10.12717/DR.2024.28.4.153","DOIUrl":"10.12717/DR.2024.28.4.153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The epididymal fat is required for the maintenance of normal spermatogenesis, and the lipectomy of epididymal fat at different postnatal age results in disrupted expression patterns of several testicular steroidogenic enzymes. The current research examined the effect of epididymal fat lipectomy at different postnatal ages on expression of cytochrome 5α-reductase I, cytochrome P450 aromatase, androgen receptor (AR), and estrogen receptors (ER) α and β in the mouse testis after 2 weeks of the lipectomy. The lipectomy of epididymal fat at 2 months of postnatal age resulted in significant increases of expression levels of cytochrome 5α-reductase I, cytochrome P450 aromatase, AR, and ER α and β. However, expressions of these genes in the testis were significantly decreased by the lipectomy of epididymal fat at 5 months of postnatal age. The lipectomy of epididymal fat at 8 months and 12 months of postnatal ages did not influence expression levels of cytochrome 5α-reductase I, cytochrome P450 aromatase, AR, and ER β. However, a significant decrease of ER α was detected with the lipectomy of epididymal fat at 12 months of postnatal age. These observations suggest that expression of these genes in the testis by the influence of the epididymal fat is more susceptible at the earlier postnatal development than at the later postnatal period.</p>","PeriodicalId":72791,"journal":{"name":"Development & reproduction","volume":"28 4","pages":"153-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>PACRG</i> is Expressed on the Left Side of the Brain Vesicle in the Ascidian <i>Halocynthia</i> Larva.","authors":"Gil Jung Kim","doi":"10.12717/DR.2024.28.4.121","DOIUrl":"10.12717/DR.2024.28.4.121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ascidian larvae, which display a chordate ground body plan, are left-right asymmetric in several structures, including the brain vesicle. In ascidian larvae, the ocellus and otolith pigment cells, which are thought to detect light and gravity respectively, are located on the right side of the brain vesicle, while the coronet cells, which are presumed to be dopaminergic, are located on the left side. To study how left-right asymmetry of the brain vesicle in the ascidian <i>Halocynthia roretzi</i> larva is determined, I attempted to isolate a gene that is expressed in the brain vesicle. As a result, an ascidian Parkin co-regulated gene (<i>PACRG</i>) orthologue was cloned. Expression of <i>PACRG</i> begins weakly in the head region of the late tailbud embryos, and it thereafter is observed on the left side of the brain vesicle of the larvae just before hatching. The location of <i>PACRG</i> expression is estimated to overlap with the area stained by the coronet cell-specific antibody. Thus, it is suggested that <i>PACRG</i> might be involved in the formation of the left-side structures of the brain vesicle, including coronet cells, during ascidian embryogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":72791,"journal":{"name":"Development & reproduction","volume":"28 4","pages":"121-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Digestive Tract in Larval and Juvenile Red Spotted Grouper, <i>Epinephelus akaara</i>.","authors":"Moon-Soo Boo, Chi-Hoon Lee, Young-Don Lee","doi":"10.12717/DR.2024.28.4.187","DOIUrl":"10.12717/DR.2024.28.4.187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the progressive morphological alterations and digestive tract development in larval and juvenile red spotted grouper, <i>Epinephelus akaara</i> across growth stages. External shape observations were made using an optical microscope, and the development of the digestive tract was investigated using histological methods. At 1 day after hatching (DAH), the digestive tract appeared as a straight tube extending between the ventral side and yolk-sac. At 3 DAH, the yolk was nearly absorbed, liver and pancreatic tissue began to develop. At 5 DAH, the opening of the mouth and anus allowed for the ingestion of external food, and the expansion of the intestinal lumen was observed. Gastric lumen differentiation became evident between the anterior intestine and esophagus. At 10 DAH, mucosal folds had formed in the rectum, and goblet cells were observed in the esophagus. At 20 DAH, mucosal folds in the stomach developed, and an increase in goblet cells was observed throughout the digestive organs. At 30 DAH, pyloric caeca and further gastric development were observed. By 40-50 DAH, sphincters between the esophagus, stomach, and intestine were clearly defined, resembling the adult digestive system. These findings suggest transitioning larvae to commercial pellets around 30 DAH, coinciding with the development of gastric glands and pyloric caeca. This research provides critical insights for optimizing feeding schedules to improve growth and survival rates during red spotted grouper seed production.</p>","PeriodicalId":72791,"journal":{"name":"Development & reproduction","volume":"28 4","pages":"187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autotaxin Expression in the Uterus of Cycling Rats.","authors":"Hye-Soo Kim, Sung-Ho Lee","doi":"10.12717/DR.2024.28.3.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12717/DR.2024.28.3.67","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autotaxin (ATX), also known as ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 (ENPP 2), is an enzyme with lysophospholipase D activity that converts lysophosphatidylcholine into lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). One of the LPA receptors, LPA3, is positively and negatively regulated by progesterone and estrogen, respectively. Furthermore, ATX expression in the rat uterus could be under the control of estrous cycle. In the present study, we used young normal cycling rats for further assess the uterine ATX expression and localization by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry, respectively. In the RT-PCR study, ATX mRNA level at Metestrus (1.00±0.026 AU) was significantly higher than that at Proestrus (0.42±0.046 AU, <i>p</i><0.001) and the level at Diestrus (0.75±0.107 AU, <i>p</i><0.05) was significantly higher than that at Proestrus. Among the luminal epithelial cells, the order of the ATX signal intensities was Metestrus>Diestrus>Proestrus>Estrus. Among the myometrial cells, the order of the signal intensities was Diestrus>Proestrus>Estrus>Metestrus. Among the glandular epithelial cells, the order of the signal intensities was Proestrus>Estrus=Metestrus= Estrus. The present study indicates that expression and localization of uterine ATX may be under the control of sex steroids during the estrous cycle. Further studies on the ATX signaling-sex steroid relationship will be providing better understanding on in normal and pathophysiological state of uterus.</p>","PeriodicalId":72791,"journal":{"name":"Development & reproduction","volume":"28 3","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11495881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Morphological Changes in Fins according to Larval Growth of Red Spotted Grouper, <i>Epinephelus akaara</i>.","authors":"Hee-Kyung Jung, Chi-Hoon Lee, Young-Don Lee","doi":"10.12717/DR.2024.28.3.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12717/DR.2024.28.3.95","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the fin development and morphological characteristics according to larval growth in order to obtain information on behavioral characteristics and optimal stocking density during red seed grouper seed production. To examine the growth and fin development process of the larvae, we randomly sampled at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 20, 25, 30, 39, 45, 51, and 72 days after hatching. External morphology was observed and measured using an optical microscope. To observe skeletal development, larvae at 13, 20, 30, and 72 days after hatching were fixed in formalin and stained for cartilage and bone examination. At 9-10 DAH, red spotted grouper larvae (2.74±0.1 to 3.0±0.2 mm TL) exhibited a second dorsal fin spine and pelvic fin spine, which subsequently elongated. At 19-20 DAH, the larvae (5.7±0.1 to 6.1±0.1 mm TL) have the lengths of the second dorsal fin spine and pelvic fin spine average 34% and 31% to total length, respectively. From 30 to 72 DAH (12.6±0.4 to 56.0±0.2 mm TL), the length of the second dorsal fin spine and pelvic fin spine to total length decreased from 27% to 8% for the dorsal fin and 21% to 14% for the pelvic fin, respectively. At 30 DAH (12.6±0.4 mm TL), the larvae reached the complete count of fin rays in each fin. At 39 DAH (20.28±3.07 mm TL), the larvae had fin shapes similar to those of adults. At 13-30 DAH (4.2±0.1 to 12.6±0.9 mm TL), barbs and spinules were distributed along the ridges of the second dorsal and pelvic fin spines. However, at 72 DAH, these barbs and spinules were no longer observed on the fins. During the seed production process, red spotted grouper larvae tend to cluster in the morning, and during this time, entanglement of barbs and spinules on the second dorsal and pelvic fin spines can lead to mortality. Therefore, it is considered essential to focus on managing the behavioral patterns and appropriate rearing density of red spotted grouper larvae from the emergence of barbs and spinules on the second dorsal and pelvic fin spines until they regress and metamorphosis is completed.</p>","PeriodicalId":72791,"journal":{"name":"Development & reproduction","volume":"28 3","pages":"95-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11495880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Salinity and Salmon Pituitary Extract on the Expression of Reproduction and/or Salinity-Related Genes in the Pituitary Cells of Japaneses Eel.","authors":"Seong Hee Mun, Joon Yeong Kwon","doi":"10.12717/DR.2024.28.3.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12717/DR.2024.28.3.75","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial sexual maturation of eel (<i>Anguilla japonica</i>) involves rearing in seawater and injecting salmon pituitary extract (SPE). The salinity of seawater and components of SPE influence hormonal activities of the eel pituitary, leading to gonad development. This study investigated the direct effects of salinity change and SPE treatment on the eel pituitary gland using primary cell cultures. Pituitary cells were cultured into four experimental groups: control culture (control), SPE-treated culture (SPE), NaCl-treated culture (NaCl) and NaCl+SPE treated culture (NaCl+SPE). We investigated the expression of genes presumably related to reproduction and/or salinity, including luteinizing hormone (<i>LHβ</i>), follicle stimulating hormone (<i>FSHβ</i>), progesterone receptor-like (<i>pgrl</i>), prolactin (<i>PRL</i>), dopamine receptor D4 (<i>drd4</i>), neuropeptide B/W receptor 2 (<i>NPBWR2</i>) and relaxin family peptide receptor 3-2b (<i>rxfp3-2b</i>). Gene expression analysis revealed significant upregulation of LHβ in SPE and NaCl+SPE groups compared to control and NaCl (<i>p</i><0.05). FSHβ expression did not show any significant changes. PRL showed a significant decrease in the NaCl group (<i>p</i><0.05). <i>Pgrl, NPBWR2, drd4</i>, and <i>rxfp3-2b</i> displayed the highest expression in the control group, with downregulation observed in all treatment groups (NaCl, SPE, and NaCl+SPE) (<i>p</i><0.05). This study demonstrated the direct effects of salinity changes and SPE treatment on the eel pituitary. Results from this study also suggest that salinity change is necessary but work together with SPE to induce reproductive process, and that <i>LHβ, pgrl, PRL, drd4, NPBWR2</i>, and <i>rxfp3-2b</i> genes are obviously associated with reproduction and salinity changes in eels.</p>","PeriodicalId":72791,"journal":{"name":"Development & reproduction","volume":"28 3","pages":"75-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11495884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Banana Peel Extracts Enhance Climbing Ability and Extend Lifespan in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>.","authors":"Hyejin Seo, Jong-Won Yoon, Younghwi Kwon, Eunbyul Yeom","doi":"10.12717/DR.2024.28.3.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12717/DR.2024.28.3.87","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Banana peels, often discarded as waste, represent one of the most abundant food by-products, highlighting the need for effective waste management and resource recycling strategies. Due to their rich nutritional content, banana peels have been investigated for various health benefits, including anti-obesity effects. In this study, we examined the potential anti-aging properties of banana peel extracts (BPEs) in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>. Our findings demonstrated that flies fed with BPEs exhibited an extended lifespan and a significant improvement in age-related decline in climbing ability. Additionally, <i>Dilp2</i> mRNA expression level is markedly decreased in aged flies fed with BPEs. These results suggest that BPEs may serve as a potential anti-aging agent by enhancing locomotor function and extending lifespan, potentially through the modulation of insulin signaling in <i>D. melanogaster</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":72791,"journal":{"name":"Development & reproduction","volume":"28 3","pages":"87-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11495883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actin Depolymerizing Factor Destrin Regulates Cilia Development and Function during Vertebrate Embryogenesis.","authors":"Youni Kim, Hyun-Kyung Lee, Kyeong-Yeon Park, Tayaba Ismail, Hongchan Lee, Hyun-Shik Lee","doi":"10.12717/DR.2024.28.3.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12717/DR.2024.28.3.109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The actin cytoskeleton plays fundamental roles in ciliogenesis and the actin depolymerizing factor destrin regulates actin dynamics by treadmilling actin filaments and increasing globular actin pools. However, the specific developmental roles of destrin in ciliogenesis have not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigated the function of destrin in ciliogenesis using <i>Xenopus laevis</i> and human retinal pigmented epithelial (hRPE1) cells. We discovered the loss of destrin increased the number of multiciliated cells in the <i>Xenopus</i> epithelium and impeded cilia motility. Additionally, destrin depletion remarkably reduced the length of primary cilia in the <i>Xenopus</i> neural tube and hRPE1 cells by affecting actin dynamics. Immunofluorescence using markers of ciliary components indicated that destrin controls the directionality and polarity of basal bodies and axonemal elongation by modulating actin dynamics, independent of basal body docking. In conclusion, destrin plays a significant role during vertebrate ciliogenesis regulating both primary and multicilia development. Our data suggest new insights for understanding the roles of actin dynamics in cilia development.</p>","PeriodicalId":72791,"journal":{"name":"Development & reproduction","volume":"28 3","pages":"109-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11495882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Potential Role of <i>fgf4</i>, <i>fgf24</i>, and <i>fgf17</i> in Pharyngeal Pouch Formation in Zebrafish.","authors":"Sil Jin, Chong Pyo Choe","doi":"10.12717/DR.2024.28.2.55","DOIUrl":"10.12717/DR.2024.28.2.55","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In vertebrates, Fgf signaling is essential for the development of pharyngeal pouches, which controls facial skeletal development. Genetically, <i>fgf3</i> and <i>fgf8</i> are required for pouch formation in mice and zebrafish. However, loss-of-function phenotypes of <i>fgf3</i> and <i>fgf8</i> are milder than expected in mice and zebrafish, which suggests that an additional <i>fgf</i> gene(s) would be involved in pouch formation. Here, we analyzed the expression, regulation, and function of three <i>fgfs</i>, <i>fgf4</i>, <i>fgf24</i>, and <i>fgf17</i>, during pouch development in zebrafish. We find that they are expressed in the distinct regions of pharyngeal endoderm in pouch formation, with <i>fgf4</i> and <i>fgf17</i> also being expressed in the adjacent mesoderm, in addition to previously reported endodermal <i>fgf3</i> and mesodermal <i>fgf8</i> expression. The endodermal expression of <i>fgf4</i>, <i>fgf24</i>, and <i>fgf17</i> and the mesodermal expression of <i>fgf4</i> and <i>fgf17</i> are positively regulated by Tbx1 but not by Fgf3, in pouch formation. Fgf8 is required to express the endodermal expression of <i>fgf4</i> and <i>fgf24</i>. Interestingly, however, single mutant, all double mutant combinations, and triple mutant for <i>fgf4</i>, <i>fgf24</i>, and <i>fgf17</i> do not show any defects in pouches and facial skeletons. Considering a high degree of genetic redundancy in the Fgf signaling components in craniofacial development in zebrafish, our result suggests that <i>fgf4</i>, <i>fgf24</i>, and <i>fgf17</i> have a potential role for pouch formation, with a redundancy with other <i>fgf</i> gene(s).</p>","PeriodicalId":72791,"journal":{"name":"Development & reproduction","volume":"28 2","pages":"55-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11268894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141763029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yeast Small Ubiquitin-Like Modifier (SUMO) Protease Ulp2 is Involved in RNA Splicing.","authors":"Jeong-Min Park, Seungji Choi, Dong Kyu Choi, Hyun-Shik Lee, Dong-Hyung Cho, Jungmin Choi, Hong-Yeoul Ryu","doi":"10.12717/DR.2024.28.2.47","DOIUrl":"10.12717/DR.2024.28.2.47","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In eukaryotes, RNA splicing, an essential biological process, is crucial for precise gene expression. Inaccurate RNA splicing can cause aberrant mRNA production, disrupting protein synthesis. To regulate splicing efficiency, some splicing factors are reported to undergo Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO)ylation. Our data indicate that in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>, the SUMO protease, Ulp2, is involved in splicing. In the <i>ulp2Δ</i> mutant, some ribosomal protein (RP) transcripts exhibited a significant increase in the levels of intron-containing pre-mRNA because of improper splicing. Moreover, we confirmed Ulp2 protein binding to the intronic regions of RP genes. These findings highlight a critical Ulp2 role in RP transcript splicing.</p>","PeriodicalId":72791,"journal":{"name":"Development & reproduction","volume":"28 2","pages":"47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11268891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141763032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}